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Articles 1 - 30 of 171
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Vortices In Bose-Einstein Condensates: Some Recent Developments, Panos Kevrekidis, R. Carretero-Gonzalez, D. J. Frantzeskakis, I. G. Kevrekidis
Vortices In Bose-Einstein Condensates: Some Recent Developments, Panos Kevrekidis, R. Carretero-Gonzalez, D. J. Frantzeskakis, I. G. Kevrekidis
Panos Kevrekidis
In this brief review we summarize a number of recent developments in the study of vortices in Bose-Einstein condensates, a topic of considerable theoretical and experimental interest in the past few years. We examine the generation of vortices by means of phase imprinting, as well as via dynamical instabilities. Their stability is subsequently examined in the presence of purely magnetic trapping, and in the combined presence of magnetic and optical trapping. We then study pairs of vortices and their interactions, illustrating a reduced description in terms of ordinary differential equations for the vortex centers. In the realm of two vortices …
Evidence For Correlated Titanium And Deuterium Depletion In The Galactic Ism, Jason X. Prochaska, Todd M. Tripp, Christopher Howk
Evidence For Correlated Titanium And Deuterium Depletion In The Galactic Ism, Jason X. Prochaska, Todd M. Tripp, Christopher Howk
Todd M. Tripp
Current measurements indicate that the deuterium abundance in diffuse interstellar gas varies spatially by a factor of ~4 among sightlines extending beyond the Local Bubble. One plausible explanation for the scatter is the variable depletion of D onto dust grains. To test this scenario, we have obtained high signal-to-noise, high resolution profiles of the refractory ion Ti II along seven Galactic sightlines with D/H ranging from 0.65 to 2.1 × 10−5. These measurements, acquired with the recently upgraded Keck/HIRES spectrometer, indicate a correlation between Ti/H and D/H at the > 95% c.l. Therefore, our observations support the interpretation that D/H scatter …
Evidence For Correlated Titanium And Deuterium Depletion In The Galactic Ism, Jason X. Prochaska, Todd M. Tripp, Christopher Howk
Evidence For Correlated Titanium And Deuterium Depletion In The Galactic Ism, Jason X. Prochaska, Todd M. Tripp, Christopher Howk
Astronomy Department Faculty Publication Series
Current measurements indicate that the deuterium abundance in diffuse interstellar gas varies spatially by a factor of ~4 among sightlines extending beyond the Local Bubble. One plausible explanation for the scatter is the variable depletion of D onto dust grains. To test this scenario, we have obtained high signal-to-noise, high resolution profiles of the refractory ion Ti II along seven Galactic sightlines with D/H ranging from 0.65 to 2.1 × 10−5. These measurements, acquired with the recently upgraded Keck/HIRES spectrometer, indicate a correlation between Ti/H and D/H at the > 95% c.l. Therefore, our observations support the interpretation that D/H scatter …
The Topology, Geometry And Conformal Structure Of Properly Embedded Minimal Surfaces, Pascal Collin, Robert Kusner, William H. Meeks, Harold Rosenberg
The Topology, Geometry And Conformal Structure Of Properly Embedded Minimal Surfaces, Pascal Collin, Robert Kusner, William H. Meeks, Harold Rosenberg
Robert Kusner
This paper develops new tools for understanding surfaces with more than one end and infinite topology which are properly minimally embedded in Euclidean three-space. On such a surface, the set of ends forms a totally disconnected compact Hausdorff space, naturally ordered by the relative heights of the ends in space. One of our main results is that the middle ends of the surface have quadratic area growth, and are thus not limit ends. This implies that the surface can have at most two limit ends, which occur at the top and bottom of the ordering, and thus only a countable …
On A Theorem Of Peters On Automorphisms Of Kahler Surfaces, Weimin Chen Chen
On A Theorem Of Peters On Automorphisms Of Kahler Surfaces, Weimin Chen Chen
Weimin Chen
For any K¨ahler surface which admits no nonzero holomorphic vectorfields, we consider the group of holomorphic automorphisms which induce identity on the second rational cohomology. Assuming the canonical linear system is without base points and fixed components, C.A.M. Peters [12] showed that this group is trivial except when the K¨ahler surface is of general type and either c21 = 2c2 or c21 = 3c2 holds. Moreover, this group is a 2-group in the former case, and is a 3-group in the latter. The purpose of this note is to give further information about this group. In particular, we show that …
My Life With Polymer Science: Scientific And Personal Memoirs, Otto Vogl
My Life With Polymer Science: Scientific And Personal Memoirs, Otto Vogl
Emeritus Faculty Author Gallery
My "life story" will begin with my formative years, my childhood and student days at the University of Vienna, including my dissertation. It will be followed by my teaching appointment as an Instructor at the II. Chemical Institute of the University of Vienna. The urge to see other lands, learn other languages and scientific methods led to the Wandering Years that brought me to the United States. After three years spent as a Research Associate at the University of Michigan and at Princeton University I spent more than 13 years in an industrial career at the Du Pont Company in …
My Life With Polymer Science: Scientific And Personal Memoirs, Otto Vogl
My Life With Polymer Science: Scientific And Personal Memoirs, Otto Vogl
Otto Vogl
My "life story" will begin with my formative years, my childhood and student days at the University of Vienna, including my dissertation. It will be followed by my teaching appointment as an Instructor at the II. Chemical Institute of the University of Vienna. The urge to see other lands, learn other languages and scientific methods led to the Wandering Years that brought me to the United States. After three years spent as a Research Associate at the University of Michigan and at Princeton University I spent more than 13 years in an industrial career at the Du Pont Company in …
Low Background Techniques For The Borexino Nylon Vessels, Andrea Pocar
Low Background Techniques For The Borexino Nylon Vessels, Andrea Pocar
Andrea Pocar
Borexino is an organic liquid scintillator underground detector for low energy solar neutrinos. The experiment has to satisfy extremely stringent low background requirements. The thin nylon spherical scintillator containment vessel has to meet cleanliness and low radioactivity levels second only, within the detector, to the scintillator itself. Overall, the background from the vessel in the fiducial volume of the detector must be kept at the level of one event per day or better. The requirements, design choices, results from laboratory tests, and fabrication techniques that have been adopted to meet this goal are presented. Details of the precautions taken during …
Adaptation And Sustainability In A Small Arctic Community: Results Of An Agent-Based Simulation Model, Matthew Berman, Craig Nicolson, Gary Kofinas, Joe Tetlichi, Stephanie Martin
Adaptation And Sustainability In A Small Arctic Community: Results Of An Agent-Based Simulation Model, Matthew Berman, Craig Nicolson, Gary Kofinas, Joe Tetlichi, Stephanie Martin
Craig Nicolson
Climate warming and resource development could alter key Arctic ecosystem functions that support fish and wildlife resources harvested by local indigenous communities. A different set of global forces—government policies and tourism markets—increasingly directs local cash economies that communities use to support subsistence activities. Agent-based computational models (ABMs) contribute to an integrated assessment of community sustainability by simulating how people interact with each other and adapt to changing economic and environmental conditions. Relying on research and local knowledge to provide rules and parameters for individual and collective decision making, our ABM generates hypothetical social histories as adaptations to scenario-driven changes in …
Field-And Temperature-Induced Topological Phase Transitions In Three Dimensional N-Component London Superconductor, J. Smiseth, E. Smorgrav, Egor Babaev, A. Sudbo
Field-And Temperature-Induced Topological Phase Transitions In Three Dimensional N-Component London Superconductor, J. Smiseth, E. Smorgrav, Egor Babaev, A. Sudbo
Egor Babaev
The phase diagram and critical properties of the $N$-component London superconductor are studied both analytically and through large-scale Monte-Carlo simulations in $d=2+1$ dimensions (components here refer to different replicas of the complex scalar field). Examples are given of physical systems to which this model is applicable. The model with different bare phase stiffnesses for each component, is a model of superconductivity which should arise out of metallic phases of light atoms under extreme pressure. A projected mixture of electronic and protonic condensates in liquid metallic hydrogen under extreme pressure is the simplest example, corresponding to N=2. These are such that …
The O Vi Absorbers Toward Pg 0953+415: High-Metallicity, Cosmic-Web Gas Far From Luminous Galaxies, Todd M. Tripp, Bastien Aracil, David V. Bowen, Edward B. Jenkins
The O Vi Absorbers Toward Pg 0953+415: High-Metallicity, Cosmic-Web Gas Far From Luminous Galaxies, Todd M. Tripp, Bastien Aracil, David V. Bowen, Edward B. Jenkins
Todd M. Tripp
The spectrum of the low-redshift QSO PG0953+415 shows two strong, intervening O VI absorption systems. To study the nature of these absorbers, we have used the Gemini Multiobject Spectrograph to conduct a deep spectroscopic galaxy redshift survey in the 5' x 5' field centered on the QSO. This survey is fully complete for r' < 19.7 and is 73% complete for r' < 21.0. We find three galaxies at the redshift of the higher-z O VI system (z = 0.14232) including a galaxy at projected distance rho = 155 kpc. We find no galaxies in the Gemini field at the redshift of the lower-z O VI absorber (z = 0.06807), which indicates that the nearest galaxy is more than 195 kpc away or has L < 0.04 L*. Previous shallower surveys covering a larger field have shown that the z = 0.06807 O VI absorber is affiliated with a group/filament of galaxies, but the nearest known galaxy has rho = 736 kpc. The z = 0.06807 absorber is notable for several reasons. The absorption profiles reveal simple kinematics indicative of quiescent material. The H I line widths and good alignment of the H I and metal lines favor photoionization and, moreover, the column density ratios imply a high metallicity: [M/H] = -0.3 +/- 0.12. The z = 0.14232 O VI system is more complex and less constrained but also indicates a relatively high metallicity. Using galaxy redshifts from SDSS, we show that both of the PG0953+415 O VI absorbers are located in large-scale filaments of the cosmic web. Evidently, some regions of the web filaments are highly metal enriched. We discuss the origin of the high-metallicity gas and suggest that the enrichment might have occurred long ago (at high z).
Classical Physics And Quantum Loops, Barry R. Holstein, John Donoghue
Classical Physics And Quantum Loops, Barry R. Holstein, John Donoghue
John Donoghue
The standard picture of the loop expansion associates a factor of h-bar with each loop, suggesting that the tree diagrams are to be associated with classical physics, while loop effects are quantum mechanical in nature. We discuss examples wherein classical effects arise from loop contributions and display the relationship between the classical terms and the long range effects of massless particles.
Pictures From My Life With Polymer Science: Album 1, Otto Vogl
Pictures From My Life With Polymer Science: Album 1, Otto Vogl
Emeritus Faculty Author Gallery
No abstract provided.
Pictures From My Life With Polymer Science: Album 01, Otto Vogl
Pictures From My Life With Polymer Science: Album 01, Otto Vogl
Otto Vogl
No abstract provided.
Surface Mass Balance Of The Ward Hunt Ice Rise And Ward Hunt Ice Shelf, Ellesmere Island, Nunavut, Canada, C. Braun, D. R. Hardy, Raymond S. Bradley, V. Sahanatien
Surface Mass Balance Of The Ward Hunt Ice Rise And Ward Hunt Ice Shelf, Ellesmere Island, Nunavut, Canada, C. Braun, D. R. Hardy, Raymond S. Bradley, V. Sahanatien
Raymond S Bradley
The Ward Hunt Ice Rise and Ward Hunt Ice Shelf, located on Ellesmere Island, Canada, are two of the northernmost land ice masses on the North American continent. Surface mass balance measurements (excluding calving and subice processes) began in 1959 on the ice rise and in 1966 on the ice shelf but were frequently interrupted, most recently between 1986 and 2002. The surface balance of the ice rise and ice shelf follows the temporal pattern seen on other measured High Arctic glaciers. The overall surface mass losses over the last 45 years have been comparatively low (1.68 m water equivalent …
Pictures From My Life With Polymer Science: Album 2, Otto Vogl
Pictures From My Life With Polymer Science: Album 2, Otto Vogl
Emeritus Faculty Author Gallery
No abstract provided.
Pictures From My Life With Polymer Science: Album 02, Otto Vogl
Pictures From My Life With Polymer Science: Album 02, Otto Vogl
Otto Vogl
No abstract provided.
Program Of Gene Transcription For A Single Differentiating Cell Type During Sporulation In Bacillus Subtilis, Patrick Eichenberger, Masaya Fujita, Shane T. Jensen, Erin M. Conlon, David Z. Rudner, Stephanie T. Want, Caitlin Ferguson, Koki Haga, Txutomu Sato, Jun S. Liu, Richard Losick
Program Of Gene Transcription For A Single Differentiating Cell Type During Sporulation In Bacillus Subtilis, Patrick Eichenberger, Masaya Fujita, Shane T. Jensen, Erin M. Conlon, David Z. Rudner, Stephanie T. Want, Caitlin Ferguson, Koki Haga, Txutomu Sato, Jun S. Liu, Richard Losick
Erin M. Conlon
Asymmetric division during sporulation by Bacillus subtilis generates a mother cell that undergoes a 5-h program of differentiation. The program is governed by a hierarchical cascade consisting of the transcription factors: σE, σK, GerE, GerR, and SpoIIID. The program consists of the activation and repression of 383 genes. The σE factor turns on 262 genes, including those for GerR and SpoIIID. These DNA-binding proteins downregulate almost half of the genes in the σE regulon. In addition, SpoIIID turns on ten genes, including genes involved in the appearance of σK. Next, σK activates 75 additional genes, including that for GerE. This …
The Program Of Gene Transcription For A Single Differentiating Cell Type During Sporulation In Bacillus Subtilis, Patrick Eichenberger, Masaya Fujita, Shane T. Jensen, Erin M. Conlon, David Z. Rudner, Stephanie T. Wang, Caitlin Ferguson, Koki Haga, Tsutomu Sato, Jun S. Liu, Richard Losick
The Program Of Gene Transcription For A Single Differentiating Cell Type During Sporulation In Bacillus Subtilis, Patrick Eichenberger, Masaya Fujita, Shane T. Jensen, Erin M. Conlon, David Z. Rudner, Stephanie T. Wang, Caitlin Ferguson, Koki Haga, Tsutomu Sato, Jun S. Liu, Richard Losick
Erin M. Conlon
Asymmetric division during sporulation by Bacillus subtilis generates a mother cell that undergoes a 5-h program of differentiation. The program is governed by a hierarchical cascade consisting of the transcription factors: σE, σK, GerE, GerR, and SpoIIID. The program consists of the activation and repression of 383 genes. The σE factor turns on 262 genes, including those for GerR and SpoIIID. These DNA-binding proteins downregulate almost half of the genes in the σE regulon. In addition, SpoIIID turns on ten genes, including genes involved in the appearance of σK. Next, σK activates 75 additional genes, including that for GerE. This …
Pictures From My Life With Polymer Science: Album 3, Otto Vogl
Pictures From My Life With Polymer Science: Album 3, Otto Vogl
Emeritus Faculty Author Gallery
No abstract provided.
Pictures From My Life With Polymer Science: Album 03, Otto Vogl
Pictures From My Life With Polymer Science: Album 03, Otto Vogl
Otto Vogl
No abstract provided.
Sign Detection In Natural Images With Conditional Random Fields, Jerod Weinman
Sign Detection In Natural Images With Conditional Random Fields, Jerod Weinman
Computer Science Department Faculty Publication Series
Traditional generative Markov random fields for segmenting images model the image data and corresponding labels jointly, which requires extensive independence assumptions for tractability. We present the conditional random field for an application in sign detection, using typical scale and orientation selective texture filters and a nonlinear texture operator based on the grating cell. The resulting model captures dependencies between neighboring image region labels in a data-dependent way that escapes the difficult problem of modeling image formation, instead focusing effort and computation on the labeling task. We compare the results of training the model with pseudo-likelihood against an approximation of the …
Parallel Dynamics And Computational Complexity Of Network Growth Models, Benjamin Machta, Jonathan Machta
Parallel Dynamics And Computational Complexity Of Network Growth Models, Benjamin Machta, Jonathan Machta
Physics Department Faculty Publication Series
No abstract provided.
Pictures From My Life With Polymer Science: Album 4, Otto Vogl
Pictures From My Life With Polymer Science: Album 4, Otto Vogl
Emeritus Faculty Author Gallery
No abstract provided.
Above-Room-Temperature Ferromagnetic Ni2+:Zno Thin Films Prepared From Colloidal Diluted Magnetic Semiconductor Quantum Dots, D. A. Schwartz, Kevin R. Kittilstved, D. R. Gamelin
Above-Room-Temperature Ferromagnetic Ni2+:Zno Thin Films Prepared From Colloidal Diluted Magnetic Semiconductor Quantum Dots, D. A. Schwartz, Kevin R. Kittilstved, D. R. Gamelin
Kevin R. Kittilstved
We report the preparation of spin-coated nickel-doped zinc oxide nanocrystalline thin films using high-quality colloidal diluted magnetic semiconductor (DMS) quantum dots as solution precursors. These films show robust ferromagnetism with Curie temperatures above 350 K and 300 K saturation moments up to 0.1 Bohr magnetons per nickel. These results demonstrate a step toward the use of colloidal zero-dimensional DMS nanocrystals as building blocks for the bottom-up construction of more complex ferromagnetic semiconductor nanostructures.
Pictures From My Life With Polymer Science: Album 04, Otto Vogl
Pictures From My Life With Polymer Science: Album 04, Otto Vogl
Otto Vogl
No abstract provided.
Pictures From My Life With Polymer Science: Album 5, Otto Vogl
Pictures From My Life With Polymer Science: Album 5, Otto Vogl
Emeritus Faculty Author Gallery
No abstract provided.
Pictures From My Life With Polymer Science: Album 05, Otto Vogl
Pictures From My Life With Polymer Science: Album 05, Otto Vogl
Otto Vogl
No abstract provided.
Pictures From My Life With Polymer Science: Album 6, Otto Vogl
Pictures From My Life With Polymer Science: Album 6, Otto Vogl
Emeritus Faculty Author Gallery
No abstract provided.
Pictures From My Life With Polymer Science: Album 06, Otto Vogl
Pictures From My Life With Polymer Science: Album 06, Otto Vogl
Otto Vogl
No abstract provided.