Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Scaling A Dataflow Testing Methodology To The Multiparadigm World Of Commercial Spreadsheets, Marc Randall Fisher Ii, Gregg Rothermel, Tyler Creelan, Margaret Burnett

CSE Technical Reports

Spreadsheet languages are widely used by end users to perform a broad range of important tasks. Evidence shows, however, that spreadsheets often contain faults. Thus, in prior work we presented a dataflow testing methodology for use with spreadsheets, that provides feedback about the coverage of cells in spreadsheets via visual devices. Studies have shown that this methodology, which we call WYSIWYT (What You See Is What You Test), can be used cost-effectively by end-user programmers. To date, however, the methodology has been investigated across a limited set of spreadsheet language features. Commercial spreadsheet environments are multiparadigm languages, utilizing features often …

Transmission Of Neospora Caninum Between Wild And Domestic Animals, L.F.P. Gondim, M.M. Mcallister, N.E. Mateus-Pinilla, W.C. Pitt, L. D. Mech, M.E. Nelson

USDA Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

To determine whether deer can transmit Neospora caninum, brains of naturally infected white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) were fed to 4 dogs; 2 of these dogs shed oocysts. Oocysts from 1 of the dogs were tested by polymerase chain reaction and found to be positive for N. caninum and negative for Hammondia heydorni. The internal transcribed spacer 1 sequence of the new strain (designated NC-deer1) was identical to N. caninum from domestic animals, indicating that N. caninum is transmitted between wild and domestic animals, often enough to prevent divergent evolution of isolated populations of the parasite. NC-deer1 …

Advisory Circular: Reporting Wildlife Aircraft Strikes, J.R. White

Other Bird Strike and Aviation Materials

This Advisory Circular (AC) explains the importance of reporting collisions between aircraft and wildlife, more commonly referred to as wildlife strikes. It also examines recent improvements in the Federal Aviation Administration’s (FAA) Bird/Other Wildlife Strike Reporting system; how to report a wildlife strike; what happens to the wildlife strike report data; how to access the FAA National Wildlife Aircraft Strike Database; and the FAA’s Feather Identification program.

A Performance And Schedulability Analysis Of An Autonomous Mobile Robot, Ala' Adel Qadi, Steve Goddard, Jiangyang Huang, Shane Farritor

CSE Technical Reports

We present an autonomous, mobile, robotics application that requires dynamic adjustments of task execution rates to meet the demands of an unpredictable environment. The Robotic Safety Marker (RSM) system consists of one lead robot, the foreman, and a group of guided robots, called robotic safety markers (a.k.a., barrels). An extensive analysis is conducted of two applications running on the foreman. Both applications require adjusting task periods to achieve desired performance metrics with respect to the speed at which a system task is completed, the accuracy of RSM placement, or the number of RSMs controlled by the foreman. A static priority …

Magnetoelectronics With Magnetoelectrics, Christian Binek, Bernard Doudin

Christian Binek Publications

Magnetoelectric films are proposed as key components for spintronic applications. The net magnetic moment created by an electric field in a magnetoelectric thin film influences the magnetization state of a neighbouring ferromagnetic layer through exchange coupling. Pure electrical control of magnetic confi gurations of giant magnetoresistance spin valves and tunnelling magnetoresistance elements is therefore achievable. Estimates based on documented magnetoelectric tensor values show that exchange fields reaching 100 mT can be obtained. We propose a mechanism alternative to current-induced magnetization switching, providing access to a wide range of device impedance values and opening the possibility of simple logic functions.

Certalert: Deer Hazard To Aircraft And Deer Fencing

Other Bird Strike and Aviation Materials

Elevated deer populations in the United States represent an increasingly serious threat to both Commercial and General Aviation Aircraft. It is currently estimated that there over 26 million deer in the United States. Because of increasing urbanization and rapidly expanding deer populations, deer are adapting to human environments, especially around airports, where they often find food and shelter. From 1990 to 2004, over 650 deer-aircraft collisions were reported to the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). Of these reports, over 500 indicated the aircraft was damaged as a result of the collision.

In light of recent incidents where a Learjet landing at …

Atmospheric Circulation And Cyclone Frequency Variations Linked To The Primary Modes Of Greenland Snow Accumulation, Jeffrey C. Rogers, Deborah J. Bathke, Ellen Mosley-Thompson, Sheng-Hung Wang

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

Data from 34 Greenland firn cores, extending from 1982 to 1996, are used to identify spatial accumulation variability patterns and their associated atmospheric circulation and cyclone frequencies. The first principal component, representing west-central Greenland accumulation, is correlated to NAO variability, having increased southwesterly (northeasterly) flow over that area during high (low) accumulation winters. The flow is linked to a relative increase in cyclone activity on the west central region of the ice sheet during high accumulation periods. The second principal component represents accumulation over southeastern Greenland where strong westerly flow leads to high accumulation and an increase in lee cyclones …

Quantum Entanglement Of Anisotropic Magnetic Nanodots, Ralph Skomski, Andrei Y. Istomin, Anthony F. Starace, David J. Sellmyer

Department of Physics and Astronomy: Faculty Publications

Anisotropic magnetic nanodots are promising physical realizations of qubits for quantum computing at finite temperature owing to their well-separated low-lying energy levels and scalability. The entanglement of two interacting magnetic nanodots is investigated and shown both analytically and numerically to be resonantly dependent on their interaction strength and on differences in their properties. These results provide criteria for fabricating and coupling magnetic nanodots so that their low-lying eigenstates can be significantly entangled.

Probabilistic Risk Assessment For Snails, Slugs, And Endangered Honeycreepers In Diphacinone Rodenticide Baited Areas On Hawaii. Usa, John J. Johnston, William C. Pitt, Robert T. Sugihara, John D. Eisemann, Thomas M. Primus, Melvin J. Holmes, Joe Crocker, Andy Hart

USDA Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Three probabilistic models were developed for characterizing the risk of mortality and subacute coagulopathy to Poouli, an endangered nontarget avian species, in broadcast diphacinone-baited areas on Hawaii, USA. For single-day exposure, the risk of Poouli mortality approaches 0. For 5-d exposure, the mean probability of mortality increased to 3% for adult and 8% for juvenile Poouli populations. For Poouli that consume snails containing diphacinone residues for 14 d, the model predicted increased levels of coagulopathy for 0.42 and 11% of adult and juvenile Poouli populations, respectively. Worst-case deterministic risk characterizations predicted acceptable levels of risk for nonthreatened or endangered species …

Damage Reduction Estimates And Benefit-Cost Ratios For Feral Swine Control From The Last Remnant Of A Basin Marsh System In Florida, Richard M. Engeman, Henry T. Smith, Robert Severson, Mary Ann Severson, John Woolard, Stephanie A. Shwiff, Bernice Constantin, Daniel Griffin

USDA Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

The introduction of swine (Sus scrofa) has adversely affected the environment of many natural habitats throughout the world. Basin marshes are dwindling ecosystems in Florida that are especially vulnerable to damage by feral swine. In January 2003, the estimated amount of swine damage to the exposed portion of the last remnant of a basin marsh system in Savannas Preserve State Park (SPSP) was 19% (an area of 5 ha). Economic valuations for the swine damage were based on the monetary amounts that wetland regulators have allowed permit applicants to spend in mitigation attempts to replace lost wetland resources. …

Atrazine Runoff In The Blue River Basin: Geomorphology, Rainfall, And Agronomic Practices, Kundan Dhakal

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Atrazine concentrations in the Big Blue River Basin (BRB) in Nebraska and Kansas periodically exceed the U.S. EPA Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) of 3 µg L^-1. The present study is focused on watershed variables influencing surface runoff of atrazine. The assessment includes the impact of corn and sorghum planting progress (indicating atrazine application), rainfall, antecedent soil water content, and soil restrictive layer on stream-measured weekly atrazine load in independent BRB subwatersheds for 1997 - 2004. Maximum atrazine loading occurred after most of the corn had been planted but during sorghum planting from mid-May to early June, immediately following …

The Prairie Naturalist Volume 36, No.4 December 2004

The Prairie Naturalist

ROADSIDE BIAS IN POINT COUNT SURVEYS AT ARROWWOOD NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE, NORTH DAKOTA ▪ J. S. Dieni and P. Scherr

HISTORY OF GREATER SAGE-GROUSE IN THE DAKOTAS: DISTRIBUTION AND POPULATION TRENDS ▪ . J. T. Smith, L. D. Flake, K. F. Higgins, and G. D. Kobriger

PATCH USE BY A MONOPHAGOUS HERBIVORE IN FRAGMENTED PRAIRIE LANDSCAPES ▪ . M. J. St. Pierre and S. D. Hendrix

SNOWSHOE HARE OCCURRENCE AND WINTER HABITAT ON THE MISSOURI COTEAU IN NORTH DAKOTA ▪ R. K. Murphy 243

HIGH ABUNDANCE OF NESTING LONG-EARED OWLS IN NORTH DAKOTA ▪ R. K. Murphy, L. J. Rosenfield, …

Diel Foraging Behavior Of American White Pelicans ()Pelecanus Erythrorhynchos) On Experimental Aquaculture Ponds , Scott J. Werner

USDA Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Videography and night vision equipment were used to observe the diurnal and nocturnal activities of American white pelicans (Pe1ecanus erythrorhynchos) (N= 6) foraging on three experimental (0.04 ha) channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) aquaculture ponds in March 2001. Captive pelicans spent most time foraging per hour from 1700 through 2300 h (CST). No foraging was observed from 0700 through 0800 h. Fish captures per hour were greatest from 1700 through 1900 h. On average, captive pelicans (N = 5) consumed 1.0 ± 0.2 kg of catfish per bird per day during the 10-d foraging …

Genetic Methods Improve Accuracy Of Gender Determination In Beavers, Christen Lenney Williams, Stewart W. Breck, Bruce W. Baker

USDA Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Gender identification of sexually monomorphic mammals can be difficult. We used analysis of zinc-finger protein (Zfx and Zfy) DNA regions to determine gender of 96 beavers (Castor canadensis) from 3 areas and used these results to verify gender determined in the field. Gender was correctly determined for 86 (89.6%) beavers. Incorrect assignments were not attributed to errors in any one age or sex class. Although methods that can be used in the field (such as morphological methods) can provide reasonably accurate gender assignments in beavers, the genetic method might be preferred in certain situations.

Alligators As West Nile Virus Amplifiers, Kaci Klenk, Jamie Snow, Katrina Morgan, Richard Bowen, Michael Stephens, Falacia Foster, Paul Gordy, Susan Beckett, Nicholas Komar, Duane Gubler, Michael Bunning

USDA Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Recent evidence suggests that American alligators (Alligator mississippiensis) may be capable of transmitting West Nile virus (WNV) to other alligators. We experimentally exposed 24 juvenile alligators to WNV parenterally or orally. All became infected, and all but three sustained viremia titers >5.0 log₁₀ PFU/mL (a threshold considered infectious for Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes) for 1 to 8 days. Noninoculated tankmates also became infected. The viremia profiles and multiple routes of infection suggest alligators may play an important role in WNV transmission in areas with high population densities of juvenile alligators.

A Watershed-Based Classification System For Lakes In Agriculturally-Dominated Ecosystems: A Case Study Of Nebraska Reservoirs, Henry N. N. Bulley

Department of Geography: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

In recent decades substantial progress has been made in improving the quality of surface waters in the United States (Hawkins et al., 2000; EPA, 2000; EPA, 2001); nevertheless, much work remains to be done in assessing the state of impairment of lake waters. Impairment implies that the existing water quality of a lake, as measured by selected criteria (e.g., nitrogen, phosphorus, chlorophyll-a, Secchi depth), exceeds a threshold value or standard that presumably reflects optimal attainable lake water quality conditions (or "reference" conditions) (Hughes, 1995; EPA, 2000; EPA, 2001). Such impaired waters are not suitable for designated uses such as drinking, …

The Spectra Of Type Ii Cepheids. Iii. The Hα Line And Helium Emission In Long-Period Stars, Edward G. Schmidt, Dale Johnston, Kevin M. Lee, Shawn Langan, Peter R. Newman, Stephanie A. Snedden

Department of Physics and Astronomy: Faculty Publications

We have obtained Hα profiles from 175 spectra of 37 Cepheids with periods longer than 8 days. About two-thirds of the stars are likely type II Cepheids. In contrast to the situation among short-period stars, the velocity of Hα relative to the metal-line spectrum is not a useful parameter for distinguishing type I and type II Cepheids. On the other hand, at periods longer than 11 days and shorter than 34 days strong emission is observed in many stars and appears to be a good discriminator of type. On this basis we identify one probable type I Cepheid at a …

Attractiveness Of Brown Rice Baits To Non-Target Birds In Harvested Corn And Soybean Fields, George M. Linz, Gregory A. Knutsen, H. Jeffrey Homan, William J. Bleier

USDA Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Brown rice is used as a bait-carrier for the avicide DRC-1339 (3-chloro-4-methyladhe) when baiting blackbirds (Icteridae). In March and April 1996 and 1997, we assessed non-target granivorous bird use of rice-baited plots placed in harvested corn and soybean fields in eastern South Dakota for 168 observation hours. In both years combined, we identified 10 and 14 granivorous species in corn and soybean fields, respectively. In 1996 (X = 0.2, SE = 0.04) and 1997 (X = 1.2, SE = 0.38), total numbers of granivores min^-1 were similar between crops (P ≥ 0.322). In 1996, bird numbers …

Search For Doubly Charged Higgs Bosons Decaying To Dileptons In Pp̅ Collisions At √S =1:96 Tev, Darin Acosta, Kenneth A. Bloom, Collider Detector At Fermilab Collaboration

Kenneth Bloom Publications

We present the results of a search for doubly charged Higgs bosons (H^±±) decaying to dileptons (ll′ ) using ≈240 pb^-1 of pp̅ collision data collected by the CDF II experiment at the Fermilab Tevatron. In our search region, given by same-sign ll′ mass m_ll′ >80 GeV/c² (100 GeV/c² for ee channel), we observe no evidence for H^±± production. We set limits on σ (pp̅→ H⁺⁺H^--→l⁺l⁺l^-l^-) as a function of the mass of the H^{±± …}

Absorption, Distribution, And Excretion Of [14C]-3-Chloro-4 Methylaniline Hydrochloride In Two Species Of Birds Following A Single Oral Dose, David A. Goldade, John D. Tessari, John J. Johnston

USDA Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Ring-labeled [¹⁴C]-3-chloro-4-methylaniline hydrochloride (250 μg per bird) was delivered to 21 red-winged blackbirds (Agelaius phoeniceus) and 21 dark-eyed juncos (Junco hyemalis) via oral gavage, and the distribution and excretion of radioactivity were determined at 15 and 30 min and 1, 4, 8, 12, and 24 h (n = 3 per time point). Direct measurement of radioactivity as well as measurement following combustion was accomplished using a liquid scintillation counter. Elimination from most tissues followed a two-compartment model, with very rapid elimination occurring between time 0 and 4 h and a much slower elimination …

Simulation Of Ultrashort Electron Pulse Generation From Optical Injection Into Wake-Field Plasma Waves, D.S. Dodd, J.K. Kim, Donald P. Umstadter

Donald Umstadter Publications

A laser-plasma-based source of relativistic electrons is described in detail, and analyzed in two dimensions using theoretical and numeric techniques. Two laser beams are focused in a plasma, one exciting a wake-field electron plasma wave while another locally alters some electron trajectories in such a way that they can be trapped and accelerated by the wave. Previous analyses dealt only with one-dimensional models. In this paper two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations and analysis of single particle trajectories show that the radial wake field plays an important role. The simulation results are interpreted to evaluate the accelerated electron beam's properties and compared with …

The Structures Of C-C4F8 And C-C4F8¯ And The Adiabatic Electron Affinity Of C-C4F8, Gordon A. Gallup

Gordon Gallup Publications

Calculations at the 6311G(dps) level have been used to elucidate the structures of octafluorocyclobutane c-C₄F₈ and its negative ion c-C₄F₈^¯. With no empirical adjustments, we obtain 0.640 eV for the adiabatic electron affi nity of c-C₄F₈. This may be compared with an experimental value of 0.63 ± 0.05 eV from the FALP method. c-C₄F₈ has unusual features in that there is an increase in symmetry, D_2d to D_4h, in going from the neutral molecule to the negative ion, and …

Mechanism And Control Of High-Intensity-Laser-Driven Proton Acceleration, T. Lin, K. Flippo, M. Rever, Anatoly Maksimchuk, Donald P. Umstadter

Donald Umstadter Publications

We discuss the optimization and control of laser-driven proton beams. Specifically, we report on the dependence of high-intensity laser accelerated proton beams on the material properties of various thin-film targets. Evidence of star-like filaments and beam hollowing (predicted from the electrothermal instability theory) is observed on Radiochromic Film (RCF) and CR-39 nuclear track detectors. The proton beam spatial profile is found to depend on initial target conductivity and target thickness. For resistive target materials, these structured profiles are explained by the inhibition of current, due to the lack of a return current. The conductors, however, can support large propagating currents …

The Nuclear Reddening Curve For Active Galactic Nuclei And The Shape Of The Infrared To X-Ray Spectral Energy Distribution, C. Martin Gaskell, René W. Goosmann, Robert R. J. Antonucci, David H. Whysong

Department of Physics and Astronomy: Faculty Publications

We present extinction curves derived from the broad emission lines and continua of samples of 72 radio-loud and 1018 radio-quiet active galactic nuclei (AGNs). The curves are significantly flatter in the UV than curves for the local interstellar medium. The reddening curves for the radio-quiet Large Bright Quasar Survey quasars are slightly steeper than those of the radio-loud quasars in the UV, probably because of additional reddening by dust farther out in the host galaxies of the former. The UV extinction curves for the radio-loud AGNs are very flat. This is explicable with slight modifications to standard Mathis-Rumpl-Nordsieck dust models: …

Calcium Responses Of Chicken Trigeminal Ganglion Neurons To Methyl Anthranilate And Capsaicin, Michael L. Kirifides, Michael P. Kurnellas, Larry Clark, Bruce P. Bryant

USDA Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Using digital fluorescence imaging, we determined the effects of methyl anthranilate (MA), an avian irritant, and capsaicin (CAP), a mammalian irritant, on intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i) in chicken trigeminal neurons. Concentration–response functions indicated that the threshold for inducing increases in [Ca2+]i was higher for CAP (30·mmol·l–1) than for MA (10·mmol·l–1). The maximum magnitudes of [Ca2+]i in response to MA and CAP were compared after normalization to 40·mmol·l–1 KCl. At equal concentrations (300·mmol·l–1), trigeminal neurons responded with a greater change in [Ca2+]i to MA (78% of KCl) than to CAP (43% of KCl). Furthermore, at 300·mmol·l–1, 48% of neurons responded to MA …

Combination Of Cdf And D0 Results On The W Boson Mass And Width, Darin Acosta, Kenneth A. Bloom, Collider Detector At Fermilab Collaboration

Kenneth Bloom Publications

The results based on 1992–95 data (Run 1) from the CDF and D0 experiments on the measurements of the W boson mass and width are presented, along with the combined results. We report a Tevatron collider average M_W =80.456±0.059 GeV. We also report the Tevatron collider average of the directly measured W boson width Γ_W=2.115±0.105 GeV. We describe a new joint analysis of the direct W mass and width measurements. Assuming the validity of the standard model, we combine the directly measured W boson width with the width extracted from the ratio of W and Z boson …

An Extension Of The Quasicontinuum Treatment Of Multiscale Solid Systems To Nonzero Temperature, Dennis J. Diestler, Z.-B. Wu, Xiao Cheng Zeng

Xiao Cheng Zeng Publications

Covering the solid lattice with a finite-element mesh produces a coarse-grained system of mesh nodes as pseudoatoms interacting through an effective potential energy that depends implicitly on the thermodynamic state. Use of the pseudoatomic Hamiltonian in a Monte Carlo simulation of the two-dimensional Lennard-Jones crystal yields equilibrium thermomechanical properties (e.g., isotropic stress) in excellent agreement with “exact” fully atomistic results.

Patterns Of Early Lake Evolution In Boreal Landscapes: A Comparison Of Stratigraphic Inferences With A Modern Chronosequence In Glacier Bay, Alaska, Sherilyn C. Fritz, Daniel R. Engstrom, Stephen Juggins

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

The chronosequence approach, which infers temporal patterns of environmental change from a spatial array of modern sites, has been a major tool for studying successional processes. A model of early lake ontogeny in boreal landscapes, developed from a chronosequence of lakes in Alaska, suggests that long-term soil development and related hydrological change produce a loss of alkalinity and base cations, a decrease in pH, an increase in DOC and a transient increase followed by a decrease in lakewater nitrogen concentrations over time. We compare this model of lake ontogeny with patterns of change reconstructed from diatom assemblages in 10 sediment …

Theoretical Study Of The Magnetic Ordering In Rare-Earth Compounds With Face-Centered-Cubic Structure, Chun-Gang Duan, Renat F. Sabirianov, Jianjun Liu, Wai-Ning Mei, Peter A. Dowben, John R. Hardy

Peter Dowben Publications

We present a detailed theoretical study of the magnetic ordering in heavy rare-earth compounds with a face-centered-cubic structure. In addition to the exchange interactions which are counted up to the third nearest neighbors, the effect of the dipolar interactions and magnetic anisotropic effect are also included in our model Hamiltonian. The interactions parameters are obtained from first-principles band-structure calculations by fitting the total energies of different magnetic configurations to the Heisenberg Model. Thus from utilizing the Monte Carlo simulations, we explained the formation of different magnetic structures in the rare-earth compounds.

Noncollinear Spin States And Competing Interactions In Half-Metals, Ralph Skomski, Jian Zhou, Peter A. Dowben, David J. Sellmyer

Peter Dowben Publications

The high-field spin structure of magnetic perovskites and related magnetoresistive materials is investigated by model calculations. Competing exchange as well as real-structure-dependent random field, random anisotropy, and Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interactions yield a noncollinear magnetic structure that may be called a spin colloid. The noncollinear structure, which contributes to the zero- and finite-temperature spin mixing and reduces the magnetoresistance, is strongly field dependent. © 2005 American Institute of Physics. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1851412]