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2021

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Articles 211 - 240 of 556

Full-Text Articles in Veterinary Medicine

Evaluation Of Protection Efficiency Of Different Vaccination Programs Against Velogenic Newcastle Disease Virus In Broiler Chickens: Comparative In Field And In Laboratory Studies, Serageldeen Sultan, Marwa Hamed, Nabila Osman Mar 2021

Evaluation Of Protection Efficiency Of Different Vaccination Programs Against Velogenic Newcastle Disease Virus In Broiler Chickens: Comparative In Field And In Laboratory Studies, Serageldeen Sultan, Marwa Hamed, Nabila Osman

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

This study was conducted to evaluate the protective efficiency of different vaccines and vaccination programs against Newcastle disease virus (NDV) in chickens, in the field and the laboratory. In the field, three commercial chicken farms (LA, LB, and QC) used different types of live vaccines and vaccination programs via drinking water (DW) were serologically estimated by hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay to detect the level of circulating antibodies against NDV. The laboratory study was carried out to assess whether the types of vaccine and their route of administration influence the HI level and viral shedding. Chicken groups (G1-G5) except for the …

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Great Expectations: Deconstructing The Process Pathways Underlying Beaver-Related Restoration, Caroline S. Nash, Gordon E. Grant, Susan Charnley, Jason B. Dunham, Hannah Gosnell, Mark B. Hausner, David S. Pilliod, Jimmy Taylor Mar 2021

Great Expectations: Deconstructing The Process Pathways Underlying Beaver-Related Restoration, Caroline S. Nash, Gordon E. Grant, Susan Charnley, Jason B. Dunham, Hannah Gosnell, Mark B. Hausner, David S. Pilliod, Jimmy Taylor

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Beaver-related restoration is a process-based strategy that seeks to address wide-ranging ecological objectives by reestablishing dam building in degraded stream systems. Although the beaver-related restoration has broad appeal, especially in water-limited systems, its effectiveness is not yet well documented. In this article, we present a process-expectation framework that links beaver-related restoration tactics to commonly expected outcomes by identifying the set of process pathways that must occur to achieve those expected outcomes. We explore the contingency implicit within this framework using social and biophysical data from project and research sites. This analysis reveals that outcomes are often predicated on complex process …

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Detection Of Bacillus Cereus And Gram-Negative Bacteria Communities In Commercial Sesame In Japan, Kazuko Kato, Noriko Komagome, Machiko Mineki, Sumalee Boonmar, Yukio Morita Mar 2021

Detection Of Bacillus Cereus And Gram-Negative Bacteria Communities In Commercial Sesame In Japan, Kazuko Kato, Noriko Komagome, Machiko Mineki, Sumalee Boonmar, Yukio Morita

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Sesame seeds are used in many traditional Japanese foods for their flavor and taste but commercial sesame can be highly contaminated with bacteria. We therefore examined the bacterial populations, including Bacillus spp., Enterobacteriaceae bacteria and standard plate count bacteria in sesame samples purchased from markets in Japan. A total of 8 sesame samples were tested, of which 4 (50.0%) harbored 4.3–5.6 log cfu/g standard plate count and 2.7–4.3 log cfu/g Enterobacteriaceae bacilli. Pantoea dispersa, P. septica and P. agglomerans were identified by a MALDI-TOF MSbased test. One (12.5%) sample harbored 3.6 log cfu/g Bacillus cereus, but this strain lacked the …

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Study Of The Mechanism Of Fomes Officinalis Polysaccharides Inhibiting The Contraction Of The Isolated Duodenum In Mice Through The Myenteric Plexus, Ailong Sha, Haiyan Hao Mar 2021

Study Of The Mechanism Of Fomes Officinalis Polysaccharides Inhibiting The Contraction Of The Isolated Duodenum In Mice Through The Myenteric Plexus, Ailong Sha, Haiyan Hao

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The objectives of this study were to observe the effect of different concentrations of Fomes officinalis polysaccharides (FOPs) on the contractile activity of the isolated duodenal smooth muscle in mice and explore its mechanism. The contractility of the isolated duodenum was recorded by the Medlab biological signal acquisition and processing system before and after administration and the effects of FOPs-treated groups at low, medium and high dose (5, 10 and 20 mg/mL) on the contractile frequency and amplitude of the intestines were observed. Adrenaline hydrochloride (AD) and CaCl2 were selected respectively to be co-incubated with the high dose FOPs to …

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Evaluation Of Tear Quantity And Quality Treated With Gintonin Eye Drops In Labrador Retrievers And English Springer Spaniels, Ji-Seung Choi, Joon-Young Kim, Soon-Wuk Jeong Mar 2021

Evaluation Of Tear Quantity And Quality Treated With Gintonin Eye Drops In Labrador Retrievers And English Springer Spaniels, Ji-Seung Choi, Joon-Young Kim, Soon-Wuk Jeong

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The aims of this study were to determine the relationship between tear osmolarity (TO), Schirmer tear test-1 (STT- 1) and tear film break-up time (TBUT) values in canines and to determine the impact of eye drops containing gintonin - a ginseng-derived lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) receptor ligand - on these indices. Fourteen canines (four English springer spaniels and ten Labrador retrievers) were randomized into two groups: the control group received only placebo eye drops (carboxymethylcellulose), while the experimental group received carboxymethylcellulose eye drops containing 5 µg of gintonin. Treatment was applied twice per day for a period of four weeks and …

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Investigation Of The Mechanical And Grounding Characteristics Of The Domestic Cat’S Paw Pads Based On Gait Analysis, Ye Mei, Guolin Wang, Haichao Zhou, Congzhen Liu Mar 2021

Investigation Of The Mechanical And Grounding Characteristics Of The Domestic Cat’S Paw Pads Based On Gait Analysis, Ye Mei, Guolin Wang, Haichao Zhou, Congzhen Liu

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The paw pads, which can produce moderate changes that are reflected in mechanical and grounding characteristics, play an important role for domestic cats in realizing their biological characteristics. The purpose of this study was to investigate these moderate changes of paw pads in various gaits i.e. walking, trotting and emergency stop gaits based on the ground reaction forces and contact strain experiments to obtain the mechanical and grounding shape representations. The results proved that with the change of gait, the representations changed obviously. For the ground reaction forces, the response of the fore paw pads was more sensitive than that …

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Prevalence Of Canine Vector-Borne Blood Parasites In The Plain Regions Of Cambodia, Koemseang Nhuong, Samut Sum, Piyanan Taweethavonsawat Mar 2021

Prevalence Of Canine Vector-Borne Blood Parasites In The Plain Regions Of Cambodia, Koemseang Nhuong, Samut Sum, Piyanan Taweethavonsawat

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Canine vector-borne blood parasites (CVBP) cause various diseases in dogs. The aim of this study was to survey canine blood parasites in the plain regions of Cambodia. The study was conducted from November 2014 to September 2015. A total of 455 blood samples were collected from rural and urban areas in the plain regions of Cambodia. Six infected dogs were found (1.32%), with the following parasites: Dirofilaria immitis (2/6), Brugia pahangi (1/6), Babesia vogeli (1/6) and two co-infections of Ehrlichia canis with Anaplasma platys (1/6) and Babesia vogeli with Anaplasma platys (1/6). However, the rate of detection of blood parasitic …

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Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Combined With Lateral Flow Device (Rt-Lamp-Lfd) For Swine Influenza Virus Detection, Albarriyati Ummi Asih, Taveesak Janetanakit, Chanakarn Nasamran, Napawan Bunpapong, Supanat Boonyapisitsopa, Alongkorn Amonsin Mar 2021

Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Combined With Lateral Flow Device (Rt-Lamp-Lfd) For Swine Influenza Virus Detection, Albarriyati Ummi Asih, Taveesak Janetanakit, Chanakarn Nasamran, Napawan Bunpapong, Supanat Boonyapisitsopa, Alongkorn Amonsin

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Swine influenza virus (SIV) causes respiratory disease in pigs leading to economic losses in swine production. Some SIV subtypes can also infect human and considered as a zoonotic pathogen. The importants of swine influenza are not only impact on the economic losses but also the human health. The objectives of this study were to develop a reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification combined with lateral flow device assay (RT-LAMP-LFD) for the detection of SIVs and to evaluate the performance, sensitivity and specificity of the assay. Our result showed that RTLAMP-LFD assay was developed with six newly designed primers and with optimum …

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Retrospective Evaluation Of The Patterns Of Clinical Use Of Anti-Parasitic Agents On Animals Presented For Veterinary Care At An Animal Hospital In Nigeria, Thelma Ebele Ihedioha, Isaac Uzoma Asuzu, John Anaelom Nwanta Mar 2021

Retrospective Evaluation Of The Patterns Of Clinical Use Of Anti-Parasitic Agents On Animals Presented For Veterinary Care At An Animal Hospital In Nigeria, Thelma Ebele Ihedioha, Isaac Uzoma Asuzu, John Anaelom Nwanta

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Patterns of use of anti-parasitic agents (APAs) on animals presented for veterinary care at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Nsukka, Nigeria, from January 2013 to December 2017 were surveyed. Animals presented were predominantly dogs (84.0%) and goats (8.1%). A total of 4851 cases were evaluated, out of which 3196 (65.9%) were treated with APAs. There was a significant variation (p=0.002) in the annual frequency of use of APAs across the study period, but the effect size of the variation was small (ɸc=0.06). Ivermectin was the most frequently used APA (1479 out of the 3196 = 46.3%); followed by praziquantel-pyrantel-fenbendazole combined formulation …

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Nasal Colonization Of Pigs And Farm Attendants By Staphylococcus Aureus And Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (Mrsa) In Kebbi, Northwestern Nigeria, Mohammed Sani Gaddafi, Yusuf Yakubu, Abdulkadir Usman Junaidu, Mohammad Bashir Bello, Bashiru Garba, Asinamai Athliamai Bitrus, Habiba Lawal Mar 2021

Nasal Colonization Of Pigs And Farm Attendants By Staphylococcus Aureus And Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (Mrsa) In Kebbi, Northwestern Nigeria, Mohammed Sani Gaddafi, Yusuf Yakubu, Abdulkadir Usman Junaidu, Mohammad Bashir Bello, Bashiru Garba, Asinamai Athliamai Bitrus, Habiba Lawal

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a leading cause of nosocomial, community and livestockassociated colonization and infection worldwide. This study aimed at investigating the nasal colonization of pigs and farm attendants by S. aureus and MRSA in Kebbi, North-Western Nigeria. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Kebbi Northwestern Nigeria using simple random sampling. A total of 212 nasal swabs were collected from two farms consisting of 100 samples each from pigs and 12 samples from farm attendants. A well-structured questionnaire was administered for risk factor analysis. Nasal swabs were examined using routine bacteriological culture and identification. Presumptive MRSA was confirmed …

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Artificial Neural Networks Approach For Predicting Methionine Requirement In Broiler Chickens, Chanwit Kaewtapee, Charn Khetchaturat, Rattana Nukreaw, Nuttawut Krutthai, Chaiyapoom Bunchasak Mar 2021

Artificial Neural Networks Approach For Predicting Methionine Requirement In Broiler Chickens, Chanwit Kaewtapee, Charn Khetchaturat, Rattana Nukreaw, Nuttawut Krutthai, Chaiyapoom Bunchasak

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The objective of this research was to apply artificial neural networks (ANNs) for predicting the methionine requirement in broiler chickens at day 1-10 (starter period) and day 11-21 (grower period). A total of 28 data was obtained from five hundred and sixty male broiler chicks (Ross 308), which were divided into twenty-eight pens with twenty chickens in each. Body weight was determined at days 10 and 21. A bootstrapping method was used to multiply the observations to overcome the limited data for training. A total of 280 data was obtained and divided into a training set (n = 220) and …

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Identification And Genotyping Of Chlamydia Abortus With Mlva From Ruminant Abortions In The Marmara Region Of Turkey, Mehmet Engin Malal, Suheyla Turkyilmaz Mar 2021

Identification And Genotyping Of Chlamydia Abortus With Mlva From Ruminant Abortions In The Marmara Region Of Turkey, Mehmet Engin Malal, Suheyla Turkyilmaz

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Abortion in ruminants is an important problem in Turkey and it leads to serious economic losses for farmers. The aim of this study is to diagnose Chlamydia abortus in ruminant abortions in the Marmara Region of Turkey and to determine the genotypes of the agent and obtain the first national epidemiological data in this sense. For this purpose, a total of 730 abortion materials (fetal tissue, fetal stomach contents, placentas, cotyledons, vaginal swabs) belonging to 267 cattle, 380 sheep, 70 goats and 13 water buffaloes were examined for C. abortus with species specific real-time PCR. DNAs of positive samples were …

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Virulence And Drug Resistance Of Aeromonas Veronii Isolated From Shellfish, Yu-Xuan Xu, Hai-Peng Zhang, Guan-Yi Xu, Inam Muhamamda, Wen-Long Dong, Yi-Ming Wang, Ling-Cong Kong, Hong-Xia Ma Mar 2021

Virulence And Drug Resistance Of Aeromonas Veronii Isolated From Shellfish, Yu-Xuan Xu, Hai-Peng Zhang, Guan-Yi Xu, Inam Muhamamda, Wen-Long Dong, Yi-Ming Wang, Ling-Cong Kong, Hong-Xia Ma

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Aeromonas veronii (A. veronii) is one of the important zoonotic pathogens. The development of drug resistance and enrichment of resistant genes not only cause misery from bacterial diseases but also pose a threat to public health security. In this study, A. veronii was isolated and identified from 357 shellfish samples imported from 6 aquaculture bases in Jilin Province, China, and tested for virulence, tolerance and drug resistance genes. According to 16S rRNA and gyrB gene PCR result, 47 strains were identified as Aeromonas veronii. The distribution of 9 virulence factors including fla (55.3%), Alt (42.5%), Act (31.9%), Aer (31.9%), Lip …

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Early Pregnancy Diagnosis In Water Buffaloes Through Detection Of Pregnancy-Associated Glycoprotein (Pag) In Milk Using Enzyme-Link Immunosorbent Assay, Roseline D. Tadeo, Eufrocina P. Atabay, Edwin C. Atabay, Danica D. Matias, Zeshalyn P. Fajardo, Jhon Paul R. Apolinario, Carlito F. Dela Cruz, Ramesh C. Tilwani Mar 2021

Early Pregnancy Diagnosis In Water Buffaloes Through Detection Of Pregnancy-Associated Glycoprotein (Pag) In Milk Using Enzyme-Link Immunosorbent Assay, Roseline D. Tadeo, Eufrocina P. Atabay, Edwin C. Atabay, Danica D. Matias, Zeshalyn P. Fajardo, Jhon Paul R. Apolinario, Carlito F. Dela Cruz, Ramesh C. Tilwani

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Early pregnancy diagnosis following insemination is an important component of the reproductive management program to shorten the calving interval in water buffaloes. A recent method to detect pregnancy in dairy animals is through pregnancy-associated glycoproteins (PAGs) that are present during implantation and throughout the gestation period. In this study, milk PAG Enzyme-Link Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) technique was used and run in parallel with blood PAG ELISA for its efficiency in detecting early pregnancy in lactating buffaloes. Fixed Time Artificial Insemination (FTAI) was conducted in lactating buffaloes followed by the collection of milk and blood samples postFTAI. Samples were then assayed …

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Survey Of Knowledge And Opinion Among Thai Veterinarians On Nicotine Toxicity And Second-Hand Smoke Effects On Pets’ Health+, Pongsri Srimoragot, Pratuang Sudsakorn, Phornchai Suwannaphirom, Kanin Ruchisereekul Mar 2021

Survey Of Knowledge And Opinion Among Thai Veterinarians On Nicotine Toxicity And Second-Hand Smoke Effects On Pets’ Health+, Pongsri Srimoragot, Pratuang Sudsakorn, Phornchai Suwannaphirom, Kanin Ruchisereekul

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

There may be lack of knowledge in nicotine toxicity and second-hand smoke (SHS) effects, as well as the opinion of pets’ care among Thai veterinarians (vets). To examine knowledge, opinion of nicotine toxicity and SHS effects on dogs and cats’ health in Thai vets. A cross-sectional survey was applied. Data were collected using the self-reported questionnaire. Cronbach's alpha for the knowledge and opinion questionnaire was 0.90 and 0.94, respectively. After MUCIRB approval, systematic sampling was applied to 371 Thai vets. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Thai vets were 5.7 percents current smokers. The majority of them had moderate knowledge …

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A Clinical Survey Investigating The Dental Disorders Of Jennies In China, Wuyan Jiang, Bo Liu, Yipeng Jin, Liang Deng, Qingchao Liao, Jing Li Mar 2021

A Clinical Survey Investigating The Dental Disorders Of Jennies In China, Wuyan Jiang, Bo Liu, Yipeng Jin, Liang Deng, Qingchao Liao, Jing Li

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Recent clinical studies have documented a high prevalence of dental disorders in donkeys. However, there are few studies about the same topic in China. A cross-sectional study was performed to investigate the prevalence of clinically diagnosed dental disorders of donkeys in China. A total of 101 jennies which had never received any dental care were examined for the presence of dental disorders under small-holder farm conditions. The prevalence of dental disorders was analyzed by Chi‐square test or Fisher's exact correlation test. The strength of association was evaluated using Cramer's V test. Jennies between 2 and 15 years of age were …

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Production Performance, Carcass Traits And Meat Quality Of Growing Naemi Lambs Fed A Diet Containing Palm Kernel Meal, Gamaledin M. Suliman, Hanee H. Al-Baadani, Mutassim M. Abdelrahman, Ibrahim A. Alhidary Mar 2021

Production Performance, Carcass Traits And Meat Quality Of Growing Naemi Lambs Fed A Diet Containing Palm Kernel Meal, Gamaledin M. Suliman, Hanee H. Al-Baadani, Mutassim M. Abdelrahman, Ibrahim A. Alhidary

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Palm kernel meal (PKM) is a byproduct produced after oil extraction from palm kernels. It is a valuable source of fiber, energy and protein which can reduce the cost of total mixed ration (TMR). This study was conducted to assess the growth performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality of lambs fed TMR pellet with PKM. A total of 32, three-month-old male lambs were randomly distributed into two diets (PTMR1= 0; PTMR2= 200 kg PKM/ton TMR). Results of the study showed that the production performance and the characteristics, composition and fat content of carcasses, as well as meat quality traits were …

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Brucellosis In A Water Buffalo (Bubalus Bubalis) Herd In Balikesir Province Of Turkey: A Bacteriological And Pathological Investigation, Hasan Özen, Ziya İlhan, Mustafa Usta, Musa Karaman, Fatma İlhan Mar 2021

Brucellosis In A Water Buffalo (Bubalus Bubalis) Herd In Balikesir Province Of Turkey: A Bacteriological And Pathological Investigation, Hasan Özen, Ziya İlhan, Mustafa Usta, Musa Karaman, Fatma İlhan

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Brucellosis, caused by a facultative intracellular bacterium, induces great economic loss in the livestock economy worldwide. In this study, the abortion problem in an Anatolian water buffalo herd was investigated by pathological, bacteriological and serological means. An aborted fetus as well as blood and milk samples from 4 buffalo cows with abortion history were studied. The thoracic and abdominal cavities of the aborted fetus were filled with serohemorrhagic fluid, and abomasum had yellowish brown fluid containing fibrous material in it. Bronchointerstitial pneumonia was recognized in the lung tissues. Brucella (B.) abortus biotype 3 was isolated from the aborted fetus. Blood …

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The Occurrence Of Gastrointestinal Parasitic Infections Of Goats In Ratchaburi, Thailand, Witchuta Junsiri, Pulice Tapo, Runglawan Chawengkirttikul, Amaya Watthanadirek, Napassorn Poolsawat, Sutthida Minsakorn, Panat Anuracpreeda Mar 2021

The Occurrence Of Gastrointestinal Parasitic Infections Of Goats In Ratchaburi, Thailand, Witchuta Junsiri, Pulice Tapo, Runglawan Chawengkirttikul, Amaya Watthanadirek, Napassorn Poolsawat, Sutthida Minsakorn, Panat Anuracpreeda

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Gastrointestinal (GI) parasitic diseases play an important role in the major constraints on goat production in Thailand and worldwide. The aim of this study was to assess the occurrence of GI parasitic infections among goats in Ratchaburi province of Thailand. In this study, fecal samples (394) were collected and tested by means of the floatation, sedimentation and direct smear methods to discriminate eggs or oocyst of the parasites. The overall occurrence of GI parasitic infections was 86.54%. The respective occurrences for the raising distance, farm system, water source nearby, type of feed and aquatic plants were found to vary significantly …

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Infectious Endometritis In Arabian Mares: An Updated Clinical Investigation Of Uterine Microbial Isolates, Antimicrobial Sensitivities And Fertility In Egypt, Amr S. El-Shalofy, Mohamed K. Derbala, Hanaa A. Asfour, Hany M. Eissa, Aly B. Aly Mar 2021

Infectious Endometritis In Arabian Mares: An Updated Clinical Investigation Of Uterine Microbial Isolates, Antimicrobial Sensitivities And Fertility In Egypt, Amr S. El-Shalofy, Mohamed K. Derbala, Hanaa A. Asfour, Hany M. Eissa, Aly B. Aly

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The present study aimed to survey the prevalence of microbial isolates in the uterus of sub-fertile Arabian mares and to identify their existing antimicrobial sensitivities. In addition, to evaluate the efficacy of antimicrobial therapy based on the fertility outcomes determined by sonographic pregnancy diagnosis. Double guarded uterine swabs were collected from (barren) Arabian mares during mid-estrus. Based on the laboratory findings of microbial culture and antimicrobial sensitivity, mares were treated, inseminated and tested for pregnancy two weeks after ovulation. The predominant microbial isolates were Beta-hemolytic streptococci (BHS) (38.9%), Escherichia coli (E. coli) (33.3%), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) (20.4%) and Candida …

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Molecular Evolutionary Analysis Of Orf3 And M Genes Of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus In Heilongjiang Province Of China, Yulong Zhou, Guoqiang Gao, Liang Zheng, Zhijun Wu, Hongwei Cao, Hua Zhang, Yanlong Cong Mar 2021

Molecular Evolutionary Analysis Of Orf3 And M Genes Of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus In Heilongjiang Province Of China, Yulong Zhou, Guoqiang Gao, Liang Zheng, Zhijun Wu, Hongwei Cao, Hua Zhang, Yanlong Cong

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

In this present study, 11 porcine epidemic diarrhea viruses (PEDVs) were isolated from the fecal samples of piglets infected with PEDV in HeiLongJiang province of China. In order to analyze the molecular evolution of these reemerging PEDVs, the ORF3 and M genes of 11 PEDVs were amplified by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, cloned, sequenced, and analyzed with each other as well as other PEDV reference strains. The complete nucleotide sequence comparison was performed with Bioedit software, and the results showed that the similarity of 11 ORF3 and M genes ranged from 97% to 100%. Nucleotides and amino acids were …

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Successful Management Of Hypoadrenocorticism In A French Bulldog By A Smaller Dose And Lesser Frequency Of The Desoxycorticosterone Pivalate: A Case Report, Phuttipan Channgam, Walasinee Sakcamduang Mar 2021

Successful Management Of Hypoadrenocorticism In A French Bulldog By A Smaller Dose And Lesser Frequency Of The Desoxycorticosterone Pivalate: A Case Report, Phuttipan Channgam, Walasinee Sakcamduang

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

A 1 year and 4 months old, intact female French Bulldog was presented because of weakness, anorexia, and vomiting for 3 days. Laboratory findings included azotemia, hyponatremia, hypochloremia, sodium to potassium (Na:K) ratio was 23.88, and the lower level of basal cortisol concentration than the detection limit. The small size of both adrenal glands obtained from abdominal ultrasonography. Subsequently, the adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulation test was performed, and the diagnosis of hypoadrenocorticism was confirmed. The desoxycorticosterone pivalate (DOCP) with a smaller dose and lesser frequency than the recommendation of 2.2 mg/kg every 25 days. The dog received DOCP subcutaneous injection …

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Factors Leading To Successful Island Rodent Eradications Following Initial Failure, Araceli Samaniego, Peter Kappes, Keith Broome, Steve Cranwell, Richard Griffiths, Grant Harper, Pete Mcclelland, Russell Palmer, Gerard Rocamora, Keith Springer, David Will, Shane Siers Feb 2021

Factors Leading To Successful Island Rodent Eradications Following Initial Failure, Araceli Samaniego, Peter Kappes, Keith Broome, Steve Cranwell, Richard Griffiths, Grant Harper, Pete Mcclelland, Russell Palmer, Gerard Rocamora, Keith Springer, David Will, Shane Siers

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Island rodent eradications are increasingly conducted to eliminate the negative impacts of invasive rodents. The success rate in the tropics has been lower than in temperate regions, triggering research and reviews. Environmental factors unique to the tropics (e.g., land crabs and year-round rodent breeding) have been associated with eradication failure. Operational factors have also been important, but these have not been comprehensively assessed. The environmental and operational factors using global cases where rodent eradication initially failed and subsequent attempts occurred were compared. It was determined whether operational factors explained the initial failures, whether operational improvements explained subsequent successes, and whether …

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The Pelvic Flexure Separates Distinct Microbial Communities In The Equine Hindgut, Kailee J. Reed, Isabelle G. Z. Kunz, Jessica A. Scare, Martin K. Nielsen, Philip J. Turk, Robert J. Coleman, Stephen J. Coleman Feb 2021

The Pelvic Flexure Separates Distinct Microbial Communities In The Equine Hindgut, Kailee J. Reed, Isabelle G. Z. Kunz, Jessica A. Scare, Martin K. Nielsen, Philip J. Turk, Robert J. Coleman, Stephen J. Coleman

Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center Faculty Publications

As hindgut fermenters, horses are especially dependent on the microbiota residing in their cecum and large intestines. Interactions between these microbial populations and the horse are critical for maintaining gut homeostasis, which supports proper digestion. The current project was motivated to determine if any features of the fecal microbiota are informative of the microbial communities from the cecum, ventral colon, or dorsal colon. Digesta from the cecum, ventral colon, dorsal colon and feces were collected from 6 yearling miniature horses. Microbial DNA was isolated and the microbiota from each sample was characterized by profiling the V4 region of the 16S …

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Genomic Comparisons Of Persian Kurdish, Persian Arabian And American Thoroughbred Horse Populations, Navid Yousefi-Mashouf, Hassan Mehrabani-Yeganeh, Ardeshir Nejati-Javaremi, Ernest Bailey, Jessica L. Petersen Feb 2021

Genomic Comparisons Of Persian Kurdish, Persian Arabian And American Thoroughbred Horse Populations, Navid Yousefi-Mashouf, Hassan Mehrabani-Yeganeh, Ardeshir Nejati-Javaremi, Ernest Bailey, Jessica L. Petersen

Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center Faculty Publications

The present research aimed to characterize the Persian Kurdish horse population relative to the Persian Arabian and American Thoroughbred populations using genome-wide SNP data. Fifty-eight Kurdish, 38 Persian Arabian and 83 Thoroughbred horses were genotyped across 670,796 markers. After quality control and pruning to eliminate linkage disequilibrium between loci which resulted in 13,554 SNPs in 52 Kurdish, 24 Persian Arabian and 58 Thoroughbred horses, the Kurdish horses were generally distinguished from the Persian Arabian samples by Principal Component Analyses, cluster analyses and calculation of pairwise FST. Both Persian breeds were discriminated from the Thoroughbred. Pairwise FST between …

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Piglet Immunization With A Spike Subunit Vaccine Enhances Disease By Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus, Jieshi Yu, Chithra Sreenivasan, Tirth Uprety, Rongyuan Gao, Chen Huang, Ella J. Lee, Steven Lawson, Julie Nelson, Jane Christopher-Hennings, Radhey S. Kaushik, Eric Nelson, Diego G. Diel, Ben M. Hause, Feng Li, Dan Wang Feb 2021

Piglet Immunization With A Spike Subunit Vaccine Enhances Disease By Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus, Jieshi Yu, Chithra Sreenivasan, Tirth Uprety, Rongyuan Gao, Chen Huang, Ella J. Lee, Steven Lawson, Julie Nelson, Jane Christopher-Hennings, Radhey S. Kaushik, Eric Nelson, Diego G. Diel, Ben M. Hause, Feng Li, Dan Wang

Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center Faculty Publications

Immunization with an insect cell lysate/baculovirus mixture containing recombinant porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) spike protein induced high levels of neutralizing antibodies in both mice and piglets. However, immunization of piglets with this vaccine resulted in enhancement of disease symptoms and virus replication in vaccine recipients exposed to PEDV challenge. Thus, these observations demonstrate a previously unrecognized challenge of PEDV vaccine research, which has important implications for coronavirus vaccine development.

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Investigation Of Equine In Vivo And In Vitro Derived Metabolites Of The Selective Androgen Receptor Modulator (Sarm) Acp-105 For Improved Doping Control, Malin Nilsson Broberg, Heather Knych, Ulf Bondesson, Curt Pettersson, Scott Stanley, Mario Thevis, Mikael Hedeland Feb 2021

Investigation Of Equine In Vivo And In Vitro Derived Metabolites Of The Selective Androgen Receptor Modulator (Sarm) Acp-105 For Improved Doping Control, Malin Nilsson Broberg, Heather Knych, Ulf Bondesson, Curt Pettersson, Scott Stanley, Mario Thevis, Mikael Hedeland

Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center Faculty Publications

Selective Androgen Receptor Modulators (SARMs) have anabolic properties but less adverse effects than anabolic androgenic steroids. They are prohibited in both equine and human sports and there have been several cases of SARMs findings reported over the last few years. The aim of this study was to investigate the metabolite profile of the SARM ACP-105 (2-chloro-4-[(3-endo)-3-hydroxy-3-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-8-yl]-3-methylbenzonitrile) in order to find analytical targets for doping control. Oral administration of ACP-105 was performed in horses, where blood and urine samples were collected over a time period of 96 h. The in vivo samples were compared with five in vitro incubation models encompassing …

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Evidence Of Mitochondrial Dysfunction In Bacterial Chondronecrosis With Osteomyelitis–Affected Broilers, Alison Ferver, Elizabeth S. Greene, Robert F. Wideman Jr., Sami Dridi Feb 2021

Evidence Of Mitochondrial Dysfunction In Bacterial Chondronecrosis With Osteomyelitis–Affected Broilers, Alison Ferver, Elizabeth S. Greene, Robert F. Wideman Jr., Sami Dridi

Poultry Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

A leading cause of lameness in modern broilers is bacterial chondronecrosis with osteomyelitis (BCO). While it is known that the components of BCO are bacterial infection, necrosis, and inflammation, the mechanism behind BCO etiology is not yet fully understood. In numerous species, including chicken, mitochondrial dysfunction has been shown to have a role in the pathogenicity of numerous diseases. The mitochondria is a known target for intracellular bacterial infections, similar to that of common causative agents in BCO, as well as a known regulator of cellular metabolism, stress response, and certain types of cell death. This study aimed to determine …

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Production Of Embryos And A Live Offspring Using Post Mortem Reproductive Material From Bison (Bison Bison Bison) Originating In Yellowstone National Park, Usa, Hayley M. Benham, Matthew P. Mccollum, Pauline Nol, Rebecca K. Frey, P. Ryan Clarke, Jack C. Rhyan, Jennifer P. Barfield Jan 2021

Production Of Embryos And A Live Offspring Using Post Mortem Reproductive Material From Bison (Bison Bison Bison) Originating In Yellowstone National Park, Usa, Hayley M. Benham, Matthew P. Mccollum, Pauline Nol, Rebecca K. Frey, P. Ryan Clarke, Jack C. Rhyan, Jennifer P. Barfield

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Bison from Yellowstone National Park (YNP) have an important genetic history. As one of the few wild herds of bison with no evidence of cattle DNA introgression and a large enough population to maintain genetic diversity, they are considered a conservation priority for the species. Unfortunately, there is a high prevalence of the zoonotic disease brucellosis in the herd. Part of the management strategy for controlling the disease and herd size in YNP is to remove bison from the population during the winter migration out of the park. This interagency management cull provides an opportunity to collect a large number …

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Stress Response After Race And Endurance Training Sessions And Competitions In Arabian Horses, O. Witkowska-Piłaszewicz, J. Grzędzicka, J. Seń, M. Czopowicz, M. Żmigrodzka, A. Winnicka, A. Cywińska, Craig N. Carter Jan 2021

Stress Response After Race And Endurance Training Sessions And Competitions In Arabian Horses, O. Witkowska-Piłaszewicz, J. Grzędzicka, J. Seń, M. Czopowicz, M. Żmigrodzka, A. Winnicka, A. Cywińska, Craig N. Carter

Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory Faculty Publications

Assuring a high level of animal welfare is a critical aspect of contemporary animal husbandry. Equine athletes begin their careers at a very young age when they are still developing and they are both physically and mentally immature. Lack of scientific knowledge of the stress related to horse racing impedes the development of optimal training programs to attain equilibrium between the best sport results and optimal welfare. This study aimed to determine the influence of the intensity and type of physical activity on peripheral blood cortisol concentration. Thirty untrained Arabians, 9 endurance and 21 race horses were enrolled in this …

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