Medical Sciences Commons^™

Malnutrition At The Time Of Surgery Predicts Increased Morbidity After Distal Femur Fracture Fixation: A Propensity-Matched Analysis, Jawad Saad, Amir Ghafarian, Tyler Forbes, Muaaz Wajath, Noor Saad, Khaled Saleh

Medical Student Research Symposium

Abstract

Background: Distal femur fractures (DFF) are serious injuries most often affecting older adults with multiple medical comorbidities. Malnutrition is known to worsen outcomes in elective orthopedic surgery, but its impact in urgent DFF fixation, where optimization time is limited, remains unclear. This study evaluated whether preoperative malnutrition predicts 90-day morbidity after DFF fixation and whether implant choice influences risk among malnourished patients.

Methods: Adults undergoing operative DFF fixation from 2005–2025 were identified using the TriNetX U.S. Collaborative Network. Malnutrition was defined as serum albumin ≤3.5 g/dL or leukocyte count ≤1.5×10³/µL within one year preoperatively. After 1:1 propensity matching for …

Titanium Dioxide: An Inquiry Into The Mechanisms And Implications Of Exposure In Gut Dysbiosis And Metabolic Disorders, Meghan Gardiner

Senior Honors Theses

Titanium dioxide (TiO₂) is one of the most prevalent food additives utilized in commercial products in the United States. While TiO₂ was originally hailed as a nontoxic and cost-effective additive, studies are beginning to reveal that TiO₂ is not as safe as it once seemed. TiO₂ may contribute to the development of insulin resistance and metabolic disorders through direct and indirect mechanisms. The compound induces gut dysbiosis, leading to alterations in bacterial metabolites and pro-inflammatory cytokines, which results in the selective resistance of glucocorticoid receptors. Additionally, TiO₂ itself can translocate from the gut to …

Childcare Challenges Among Surgical Trainees And Faculty: A Single-Institution Study, Emma G Burke, Sarah Peiffer, Melissa Koci, Lindsay Dean, Kristy L Rialon, Michele Loor, Alice King

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Previous studies have demonstrated the challenges of parenthood in surgical training and careers. However, certain aspects of childrearing for surgeons remain understudied. We aim to leftacterize the complexity and costs of childcare amongst surgical trainees and faculty.

Methods: An anonymous, self-administered survey was conducted within the Department of Surgery at a large academic medical center. Both male and female trainees and faculty were included in the analysis. Chi-square or Fisher's Exact test was performed.

Results: Forty-six respondents provided information about childcare costs, with 37% of respondents being residents or fellows. Trainees worked longer workhours (p = 0.003) than their …

Circulating Metabolites Associated With Protection Against Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infection And Inhibition Of Mycobacterial Growth, Todia P Setiabudiawan, Lika Apriani, Julian Avila-Pacheco, Edwin Ardiansyah, Vinod Kumar, Bachti Alisjahbana, Ayesha J Verrall, Andrew R Dinardo, Agnes R Indrati, Vera P Mourits, L Charlotte J De Bree, Simone J C F M Moorlag, Clary B Clish, Leo A B Joosten, Arjan Van Laarhoven, Krista E Van Meijgaarden, Mihai G Netea, Simone A Joosten, Valerie A C M Koeken, Philip C Hill, Reinout Van Crevel

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

A significant proportion of individuals who are heavily exposed to infectious tuberculosis patients do not acquire Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection, as detected by an interferon gamma release assay (IGRA). We examined circulating metabolite profiles and metabolic genotypes in 199 heavily exposed IGRA-negative tuberculosis household contacts in Indonesia. Based on differentially abundant metabolites, activity of several pathways including arachidonic acid, arginine and proline, glutathione, and tryptophan metabolism, correlated with a negative IGRA at three months. SNPs near PRODH (involved in arginine and proline metabolism) were associated with circulating proline concentrations and persistently negative IGRA results, while SNPstudys near AFMID (involved in …

The Perijunctional Zone Is A Molecularly Distinct Muscle Subdomain Altered In Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, Seth G Haddix, Chuansheng Zhang, Yanhong Liu, Juan Oses-Prieto, Alma L Burlingame, Matthew N Rasband

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The neuromuscular junction (NMJ) is a well-established model for synapse development, structure, and function. Surrounding the NMJ is a narrow perijunctional zone (PJZ), enriched in muscle-specific voltage-gated sodium channels that prevent synaptic fatigue. Despite this role, the PJZ remains poorly characterized. To determine its molecular composition, we engineered mice to express the biotin ligase TurboID fused to the cell adhesion molecule neurofascin (Nfasc), and that localizes to the PJZ through ankyrin scaffolding proteins. Using proximity proteomics, we identify numerous PJZ-associated proteins, including Perilipin 4 (Plin4), that are highly enriched and clustered at the PJZ. We also perform proximity proteomics on …

Repurposing Semaglutide As An Adjunctive Treatment For Cocaine Use Disorder: Protocol For A Randomised Controlled Trial, Luba Yammine, Francesco Versace, Charles E Green, Heather E Webber, Jin Ho Yoon, Absalon D Gutierrez, Samuel J Leonard, Michael F Weaver, Joy Schmitz

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Introduction: Cocaine use disorder (CUD) is a significant public health concern in the USA, with considerable prevalence and mortality and no Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved pharmacotherapies. Recent advances in addiction science emphasise the need for novel, mechanism-based treatments. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, such as semaglutide, have shown promise in modulating reward-related behaviours and may offer therapeutic benefits for CUD. We present a study protocol evaluating semaglutide, as an adjunct to cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), as a novel approach for treating CUD.

Methods and analysis: This is a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial enrolling 75 treatment-seeking adults with CUD. Participants will …

Early Chemical Markers Of Spoilage In Thermally Processed Tomato Paste: A Rapid Approach For Shelf-Stable Foods, Hussein Ali Shaghati, Rawia Mahmood Yousif

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

This study aims to reduce the incubation period (commercial sterility test) of tomato paste cans before the bacteriological inspection in quality control laboratories. 62 cans of tomato paste were incubated under temperatures (mesophilic 25,37°C and thermophilic 55°C) to accelerate potential spoilage. Chemical indicators(pH, titratable acidity, and lactic acid) and microbial indicators (Total plate count and yeast/molds) were monitored daily to identify the earliest reliable spoilage signals. Incubation at elevated temperatures accelerated acid buildup. D+L lactic acid levels measured using a rapid enzyme assay increased with titratable acidity, while pH decreased. Meanwhile, total platelet counts remained at very low levels, while …

Elucidating The Potential Impact Of Solute Carrier Family2 (Glut4) In Newly Diagnosed Dm-2 Patients, Marwa Ghanim Hashim, Zahra'a Abdul Al-Aziz Yousif, Farah A. Al-Waeely, Raya Khalel Ibrahem

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a progressive metabolic condition marked by hyperglycemia due to irregularities in insulin production or activity, leading to poor carbohydrate, protein, and fat metabolism. Dysfunctional glucose transporter-4 (GLUT4) activity, characterized by insufficient expression or poor redistribution to the cell membrane, is a critical element in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This defect limits cellular glucose uptake, leading to energy deficits and elevated blood glucose levels. Objective: What is the clinical diagnostic potential of serum GLUT4 levels in newly identified type 2 diabetic people, and how do these levels correspond with established metabolic parameters? Materials …

Environmental Impact Of Benzo[A]Anthracene Exposure On Liver Biomarkers And Covid-19 Severity: Evaluation Of Combined Clinical And Molecular Modeling, Osamah Alkilidar, Hayder G. Jawad, Hasan K. Nimr

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between exposure to environmental pollutants, particularly benzo[a]anthracins (BaA), and the severity of the inflammatory response and liver dysfunction in COVID-19 patients, using a combination of statistical analysis and molecular modeling. Molecular docking studies revealed stable and robust interactions between benzo[a]anthracins and cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzymes, suggesting that these interactions may contribute to increased oxidative stress and hepatocyte damage. The statistical analysis included 70 COVID-19 patients, stratified by benzo[a] anthracene exposure. The results showed statistically significant associations between exposure to this pollutant and elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, as well as a significant increase …

Predicting The Risk Of Diabetes Using Machine Learning Algorithms, Noor Ismail Ibrahim, Jamal Kamil Alrudaini, Hytham Falih Hassan, Sahar Faeq Jaafar

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

Diabetes is a chronic disorder that many people suffer from. This disease develops when the blood glucose level is high. Serious side effects, such as harm to the heart, kidneys, eyes, and other organs may result from diabetes neglected treatment. Diabetes has numerous causes, including aging, obesity, inactivity, genetics, poor food and lifestyle choices. Early identification of this illness helps lessen its negative consequences. There are many traditional methods for predicting this disease, but they are expensive. Early prediction of diabetes benefits all those at risk by providing early treatment. With the advancement of healthcare technology, machine learning algorithms can …

Evaluation Of Complement Deficiency In Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients And Its Effect On Clinical Manifestations And Immunological Markers, Zahra'a Abdul Al-Aziz Yousif

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

Background and Aim:\ Systemic Lupus Erythematosus is an autoimmune chronic disease resulting in multi organ damage and impairment of immune response. Complements such as C3 and C4 are considered important in disease progression and often used for disease activity measurements. The purpose of this research is to assess the frequency of complements deficiencies in SLE patients, and identify associations with symptoms and disease severity. Material and Methods:\ This single-center, cross sectional study involved 50 SLE patients classified in to four groups according to their serum C3 and C4 values. Symptoms, signs of disease severity, immunologic indicators [Erythrocyte Sedimentation …

Measuring Radon Concentration In The College Of Education For Pure Sciences At The University Of Anbar And Its Effects On Public Health, Ahmed O. Frhan, Omar Abboosh, Mazin H. Hasan, Dhafar Th. Altaan

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

This study aimed to reduce the risks of lung cancer linked to radon gas concentrations. To ensure public safety in the college and avoid the danger of radiation, and to achieve the goals of sustainable development in providing a suitable, clean, and hazard-free environment. These reasons led to research on measuring indoor radon levels in the Physics department, which is part of the College of Education at Anbar University. The study was conducted over a period of approximately 40 days, during which CR-39 detectors were exposed to indoor air in the halls and laboratories. After that, take the detectors to …

Methyldopa: Chemistry, Structural Modifications, Pharmacological Activities, And Clinical Applications — A Comprehensive Review, Rania Kadhim, Emad Yousif, Suhad Ibrahim, Nany Hairunisa

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

Methyldopa (α -methyldopa) is a centrally acting antihypertensive drug that has been extensively prescribed for the management of hypertension, particularly in pregnant women, due to its established safety profile and non-teratogenic nature. Beyond its clinical use, methyldopa has attracted increasing scientific interest because of its unique chemical structure, which contains multiple oxygen- and nitrogen-donor functional groups capable of undergoing structural modification and metal coordination. This comprehensive review highlights the chemical structure of methyldopa, its synthesis pathways, spectroscopic characteristics—particularly FTIR analysis—and its pharmacological mechanisms of action as an α ₂-adrenergic receptor agonist. Special attention is given to methyldopa-induced adverse effects, …

Effect Of Covid-19 Treatments On Kidney Function Within Type 2 Diabetic Iraqi Patients, Esraa Abd Al-Karim Marouf

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

Recent studies have shown that the use of anti-inflammatory corticosteroids (especially dexamethasone) in individuals with COVID-19 can help prevent respiratory damage and death by modifying the inflammatory injury that occurs in the lung. This research was conducted to evaluate the effect of the use of anti-inflammatory corticosteroids on the level of diabetes and kidney function in patients with COVID-19. The study was conducted at Al-Shifa Hospital for quarantine in Ramadi city on 160 patients with COVID age range (40-70 years), some of whom had diabetes and the other did not have diabetes. They were treated with corticosteroids such as dexamethasone, …

Advantages Of Treatment Pollution By Nanomaterial: Review, Riyam Lateef Khalaf, Ola Abdulkareem Nori

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

Pollution remains one of the most pressing global environmental challenges and is increasing day by day, with serious implications for public health and the environment. Among the various approaches to address this issue, nanotechnology has emerged as a promising solution due to its unique properties, such as high surface area, reactivity, and catalytic efficiency. There are four types of pollution that can be treated by nanotechnology, air pollution, soil pollution, water pollution and light pollution. This review studies recent research on the use of nanoparticles for pollution treatment, focusing on the mechanisms through which they degrade pollutants, the diverse applications …

Allopurinol Beyond Hyperuricemia: A Multifaceted Therapeutic Agent With Expanding Clinical, Safa Khaldoon, Emad Yousif, Khawla A. Kasar, Hazim F. Abbas

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

Allopurinol is a well-established xanthine oxidase inhibitor widely used in the management of hyperuricemia, gout, tumor lysis syndrome, and uric acid nephrolithiasis. This review provides a comprehensive overview of its pharmacology, mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics, clinical efficacy, safety profile, and emerging insights from recent clinical and translational studies. Despite being in clinical use for over five decades, allopurinol remains the first-line urate-lowering therapy worldwide due to its proven efficacy, favorable safety profile, and cost-effectiveness. Beyond its classical role in inhibiting xanthine oxidoreductase, increasing evidence highlights additional therapeutic effects, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. The structural similarity of allopurinol to purine …

Endotoxin Burden In Dialysis Water: Seasonal Trends And Public Health Implications From A Year-Long Study In Iraq, Yasamen R. Humudat

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

Dialysis water quality is critical to patient safety, particularly in relating to bacterial endotoxins, which can pose major health hazards. Environmental variables, such as seasonal flocculation, may influence endotoxin levels in treated water. Purpose of this study was to evaluate the seasonal fluctuation in endotoxin concentrations in dialysis water across a number of hospital-based dialysis centers. Over a 12-month period, water samples were collected monthly from various places and tested for endotoxin levels using the Limulus Amebocyte Lysate (LAL) assay. The findings demonstrated considerable seasonal changes, with almost 55.5% of the samples surpassing the international threshold of 0.03 EU/mL. Peaks …

The Ramification Of Mutations In Sonic Hedgehog Gene On The Occurrence Of Deformities In The Course Of The Embryonic Development Stage, Umalbaneen Hilal Hadi, Safa J. Al-Yassiri

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) is one of the most significant genes regulating embryonic development in mammals, playing a pivotal role in cell differentiation, tissue fate determination, and regulating lateral symmetry of the embryo. The results of this research show that any mutation whether, a loss of function or a change in the regulation of gene expression in SHH gene leads to severe and highly complex consequences for embryonic development.as a result for that, severe disorders of CNS development SHH is a morphogen essential for germline formation and neuronal differentiation. Mutations in this gene result in failure to develop properly the cerebellum, …

Effect Of Different Methods Of Smoking On Serum Level Of Vitamin D Among University Students In Baghdad, Sabiha Aljubory, Usama Salman Altimari

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

Vitamin D has different biological actions in the body. Vitamin D has pleiotropic effects in multiple organ systems. Vitamin D deficiency has been found to have an inverse relationship with tobacco smoking. The objective of this study was to identify the prevalence of Vitamin D level and its correlates with tobacco smoking among University student male and female. Volunteer was conducted on a sample of university student, both males and females Iraq, during the period from January to December 2020. A pretested questionnaire was used for data collection adopted from previous standard national surveys and studies, and the questionnaire included …

Beyond Stabilization: Biological Healing, Structural Exclusion, And The Recovery Gap After Border-Fall Trauma At The U.S.-Mexico Border, Julia Robinson

Undergraduate Honors Theses

This honors thesis examines the biochemical, ethical, and public health consequences of insufficient post-operative follow-up care for undocumented immigrants injured in border falls. Discussing pathways of inflammation resolution, wound healing, and bone remodeling, this thesis argues that recovery depends on tightly regulated molecular and cellular processes that are highly vulnerable to disruption without continued monitoring and rehabilitation (Loi et al., 2016; Maruyama et al., 2020). When follow-up care is absent, these processes can be predicted to derail, leading to infection, impaired healing, and permanent disability (Chung & Sohn, 2025; Howard et al., 2020; Kruidenier et al., 2018). Framed through principles …

Brain-Wide Structural Markers Of Familial And Clinical Risk For Bipolar Disorder In Youth, Danella M Hafeman, Jamie Feldman, John Merranko, Mary L Phillips, Boris Birmaher, Si Gao, Yizhou Ma, Peter Kochunov

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Bipolar Disorder (BD) is a severe mental illness, often emerging during adolescence, that is associated with significant psychosocial impairment. BD risk is elevated in offspring of affected parents, particularly those with antecedent symptoms (e.g., mood lability, subthreshold manic symptoms). However, robust, replicable brain-based markers of risk in this population are lacking. We assessed the degree to which the Regional Vulnerability Index for BD (RVI-BD), quantified as an individual's brain-wide similarity to BD patterns derived from meta-analytic studies, is elevated in youth at familial risk and correlates with symptom predictors of BD.

Methods: We recruited n=82 adolescents (10-15 years old), …

Phkg2 Confers Resistance Of Escc To Cisplatin And Enhances Cxcl8-Dependent Immunosuppression To Exacerbate Tumorigenesis, Jiayan Wu, Chengrui Zhong, Haosheng Zheng, Fei Qin, Xianyu Qin, Yuzhen Zheng, Junguo Chen, Gengfeng Wang, Bozhu Jian, Zui Liu, Xingping Yang, Chao Cheng, Guolin Li, Hongying Liao

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Cisplatin (DDP)-based chemotherapy serves as a foundational cornerstone in the clinical management of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). However, intrinsic or acquired resistance to DDP persists as a significant clinical challenge, severely undermining therapeutic efficacy and contributing to unfavorable patient prognoses. Through functional screening with a CRISPR/Cas9 knockout library, transcriptomic profiling of cisplatin-resistant cell lines and clinical specimens, and in vitro/in vivo validation assays, we identified PHKG2 as a key mediator of cisplatin resistance in ESCC. Mechanistically, PHKG2-mediated cisplatin resistance is driven by the phosphorylation of IGF2BP3 at residues T225 and T306. This post-translational modification enhances IGF2BP3 phase separation, thereby …

Movement-Stabilized Three-Dimensional Optical Recordings Of Membrane Potential Changes And Calcium Dynamics In Hippocampal Ca1 Dendrites, Kevin C Gonzalez, Satoshi Terada, Asako Noguchi, George N Zakka, Cliodhna O'Toole, Giuliana Bilbao, Luke Reynolds, Anna Jász, Borbála Kertész, Zoltán Szadai, Alissa Shen, François St-Pierre, Franck Polleux, Attila Losonczy, Balázs Rózsa

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Local dendritic computations are thought to critically influence neuronal signaling and plasticity yet remain largely unexplored in vivo due to challenges in stably imaging small structures at ultrafast timescales. We developed a 3D real-time motion correction platform for movement-stabilized, ultrafast two-photon voltage imaging. By co-labeling CA1 pyramidal neurons with voltage and calcium indicators, we simultaneously measured somato-dendritic and electro-calcium coupling at multiple dendritic sites. We characterized isolated dendritic spikes and distance-dependent backpropagation of naturally occurring and photostimulation-evoked bursts and single spikes. We found that bursts backpropagated more reliably than single spikes, validated that somato-dendritic coupling decreases with distance from soma, …

A Review Of Robotic Vnotes Surgery: Current Applications, Advantages, And Future Directions, Daniel Y Lovell, Qiannan Yang, Xiaoming Guan

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Over the past 500 years, the convergence of three distinct paths - vaginal surgery, laparoscopy, and robotic technologies - has enabled the development of robot-assisted vaginal natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (RA-vNOTES). The ongoing evolution of vaginal surgery has led to contemporary procedures such as hysterectomy, myomectomy, sacrocolpopexy, adnexal interventions, and oncologic operations, applicable to a wide range of diagnoses and pathologies. This approach offers patients significant benefits, including superior cosmetic outcomes, less pain, lower infection rates, and faster recovery of baseline quality of life. Surgeons benefit from improved ergonomics, better visualization, the ability to use multiple instruments, and enhanced …

Relaxation Activities And The Effects Of Sleep Quality On High-Achieving Females, Kaitlynn Cusipag

InnovateHER Meeting 2026

The overall goal of this study was to help improve the sleep quality of high-achieving female high school students. This study’s goal was to determine whether the difficulty of crossword puzzles and coloring pages had an impact on sleep quality and stress levels. Sleep is crucial for the well-being and daily performance of teenagers

Empowering Women: Understanding Neurological Changes In The Aging Brain, Joy Mckenzie

InnovateHER Meeting 2026

Women tend to have more neurological changes than men as they age starting in their mid-30s (Mosconi, 2024). While aging is a natural process, the neurological changes can impact a woman’s personal and professional quality of life (Faubion et al., 2023; Gravini, 2023). For years, women’s neurological symptoms have been ignored by being told that their experiences are normal and just a part of life (Haver, 2025). That narrative is starting to shift with the increased awareness of changes specific to women. There are resources to assess cognitive changes such as memory, processing speed, and word finding and strategies to …

Association Of Polygenic Risk Scores With Aortic Valve Calcium: The Multi-Ethnic Study Of Atherosclerosis, Seamus P Whelton, Jie Yao, Clary Clish, Alexis C Wood, Kent D Taylor, Michael J Blaha, Matthew Budoff, Natalie Marrero, George Thanassoulis, Wendy S Post, Xiuqing Guo, Jerome I Rotter

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Aortic valve calcification (AVC) is the primary process leading to aortic stenosis. We examined whether polygenic risk scores (PRS) are associated with AVC beyond traditional atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk factors.

Methods: We included 6812 participants in MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis) with computed tomography-measured AVC at Visit 1. Using previously published PRS we calculated weighted PRS, standardized within each ancestry group. The cross-sectional association per 1 SD higher PRS with AVC >0 was examined using multivariable logistic regression modeling with Bonferroni correction. The mean age was 62 years old, 53% were female, and 913 (13.4%) had AVC >0 at …

Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Discourse And Sentiment On Reddit Before And After Covid-19: Mixed Methods Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study, Marcin Marciniak, Sean A Setzen, Deeya Bhattacharya, Jamie Masliah, Robin Powszok, Erich M Sturgis, Vanessa C Stubbs, Mihir K Bhayani

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a sexually transmitted virus that causes various oropharyngeal and anogenital cancers. The HPV vaccine provides protection against several strains of HPV and is a key preventative tool against HPV-related cancers; however, vaccination rates remain suboptimal in the United States due to variable state mandates and misperceptions of vaccine efficacy and risks. As social media becomes an increasingly popular avenue for health discussions, platforms such as Reddit offer opportunities to understand public vaccine discourse, particularly among underrepresented groups. Furthermore, vaccine hesitancy and mistrust generally increased during the COVID-19 pandemic, potentially impacting HPV vaccination rates.

Objective: This …

Latest In Resuscitation Research: Highlights From The 2025 American Heart Association's Resuscitation Science Symposium, Caleb T Suh, Clark G Owyang, Lindsay Shepard, Betty Yang, Ryan W Morgan, Daniel M Rolston, Catherine R Counts, Tommaso Scquizzato, James Horowitz, Tatyana Shvilkina, Katherine Berg, Sam Parnia, Sanam Alilou, Catherine Swarts, Ryan A Coute, Lama A Ammar, William C Herring, Thomas Lederer, Joaquin Araos, Benjamin S Abella, Cameron Dezfulian, Sarah M Perman, Felipe Teran

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

No abstract provided.

Deep-Learning Endomicroscope With Large Field-Of-View And Depth-Of-Field For Real-Time In Vivo Imaging Of Epithelial Cancer Hallmarks, Huayu Hou, Jimin Wu, Jinyun Liu, Vivek Boominathan, Argaja Shende, Karthik Goli, Jennifer Carns, Richard A Schwarz, Ann M Gillenwater, Preetha Ramalingam, Mila P Salcedo, Kathleen M Schmeler, Tomasz S Tkaczyk, Jacob T Robinson, Ashok Veeraraghavan, Rebecca R Richards-Kortum

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

In vivo microscopy (IVM) has shown great promise to improve early detection of epithelial precancer, but it suffers from fundamental trade-offs that limit the resolution, field-of-view (FOV) and depth-of-field (DOF). Here, we present PrecisionView, a compact, deep learning-enabled endomicroscope that breaks these constraints and achieves 20 mm2 FOV and 500 µm DOF with 4 µm resolution, representing approximately 5× increase in FOV and 8× larger DOF compared to conventional IVM with similar resolution. PrecisionView integrates a deep learning-optimized phase mask and real-time reconstruction, enabling rapid in vivo assessment of two key hallmarks of cancer: epithelial cell nuclear morphology and subsurface …