Periodontics and Periodontology Commons^™

Probing Bone Level Measurements For Determination Of The Depths Of Class Ii Furcation Defects, Youngil Suh

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Background: Probing bone measurements as an alternative to open bone measurements to evaluate regenerative procedures in furcation defects do not seem to have been used as of yet. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the reliability of probing bone measurements in such defects.

Methods:15 patients scheduled for surgical treatment of a total of 30 mandibular 1st or 2nd molars with buccal or lingual class II furcation defects were studied. During treatment, duplicate vertical and horizontal recordings of probing attachment levels, probing bone levels and open bone levels were taken by independent examiners. Results: Deviations of both …

Factors Considered By New Faculty In Their Decision To Choose Careers In Academic Dentistry, Harvey A. Schenkein, Al M. Best

Periodontics Publications

To determine the characteristics of new dental faculty and what factors influenced them to choose academic careers, a survey was sent to deans at all U.S. dental schools to be distributed to faculty with length of service of four years or less. Responses were received from 240 individuals. About half of the respondents had been in private practice for an average of eight years, and 20 percent had military experience averaging almost sixteen years. A majority had postgraduate training and 60 percent had specialty training. Nearly 32 percent of new faculty were female and 80 percent were U.S. citizens. Analyses …

Kinetic Characterization Of Tetracycline Binding And Release By Demineralized Bone - Dfdba, Orner Kabil

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

The microbial etiology of periodontal diseases has led to widespread research in the development of methods and local delivery systems to increase the efficacy of antibiotic therapy. Several drug delivery systems employing biodegradable and nonbiodegradable carriers have been shown to release antibiotics directly into periodontal pockets. The purpose of this study was to determine the binding and release kinetics of tetracycline by demineralized bone. Further aspects of the study include in vitro evaluation of DFDBA (demineralized freeze-dried bone allografts) as a tetracycline carrier system for periodontal therapy. Experiments were performed which employed different tetracycline concentrations with constant amounts of bone …

Dna-Dna Checkerboard Hybridization To Identify Bacteria In Human Plaque Samples, Jasan Lee Zimmerman

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Previous research has shown that using DNA probes to identify the presence of specific bacteria in human plaque samples is superior to the commonly used anaerobic cultural procedures. Some periodontal pathogens are either uncultivable or very difficult to grow, such as Prevotella intermedia, P. nigrescens, and Eubacterium brachy. Digoxygenin probes were prepared for 15 oral bacteria. These probes were used with a checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization scheme to analyze whether human plaque samples contained any of the 15 bacterial species. Our results have shown that this method is successful in identifying bacterial DNA present in the subgingival patient plaque …

Regeneration In Periodontal Defects With Rhbmp-2 : A Dosage Study, Paola Guglielmoni

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) have been shown to induce bone formation in ectopic and orthotopic sites. This inductive capability has led to their evaluation as possible adjuncts in periodontal reconstructive therapy. Indeed, studies have reported periodontal regeneration following surgical implantation of recombinant human BMP-2. This study evaluated regeneration of alveolar bone and cementum following periodontal reconstructive surgery including implantation of a construct consisting of sterile lyophilized rhBMP-2 in buffer adsorbed onto an absorbable collagen sponge. Critical size mandibular supra-alveolar periodontal defects were surgically created, and an incomplete block design was used to evaluate the regenerative potential of rhBMP-2 at 0.05, …

The Oral Health Status Of Individuals On Renal Dialysis, Kimberley Naugle

Dental Hygiene Theses & Dissertations

The purpose of this investigation was to perform oral assessments on individuals undergoing renal dialysis in Hampton Roads health care facilities to determine their oral health status. A purposive sample was identified via the Sentara Health System in Hampton Roads, from which individuals on renal dialysis who agreed to participate in the study were selected.

Three subgroups of the population were studied: those who have been on renal dialysis for less than a year, individuals on renal dialysis for one to three years and those on renal dialysis for longer than three years.

The Periodontal Disease Index by Ramfjord (1967) …

Periodontal Repair In Dogs : Effect Of Recombinant Human Transforming Growth Factor Beta-1 On Guided Tissue Regeneration, Saghi Shayan Razi

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The objective of this study was to evaluate bone and cementum regeneration in the critical size, supraalveolar, periodontal defect model following surgical implantation of recombinant human transforming growth factor beta-1 (rhTGFß-1) in conjunction with guided tissue regeneration (GTR). Five male beagle dogs were used in a split-mouth design. Alternate jaw quadrants in consecutive animals received GTR with rhTGFß-1 in a resorbable calcium carbonate carrier. Contralateral jaw quadrants received GTR with carrier only (control). The healing interval was 4 weeks. Clinical healing was generally uneventful, however, minor membrane exposures were observed for both treatments with limited gingival inflammation. All defects with …

Bone Morphogenetic Proteins And Periodontal Repair, Michael B. Lee

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

For over thirty years now, research has been carried out to isolate and purify bone morphogenetic protein (BMP), a substance which has been shown to induce heterotopic bone formation in various animal species. Recent advances in the fields of developmental biology, molecular biology and genetics, have shown that the BMPs not only are responsible for postfetal bone induction (including normal bone remodeling, healing and repair), but are also critical during embryogenesis - not only in regards to the skeletal system, but quite possibly in the morphogenesis and pattern formation of other tissues and organs as well.

Due to their bone …

Alveolar Bone And Cementum Regeneration Following Periodontal Reconstructive Therapy : A Review Of Histologic Observations In Man And Experimental Animals, Karen E. Rodden

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Periodontal regeneration includes the formation of both alveolar bone and cementum. Studies reporting histologic evidence of healing following periodontal reconstructive therapy were reviewed to determine whether regeneration of these structures improves with increasing healing interval, and whether they regenerate independently or whether regeneration of one structure is dependent upon regeneration of the other. Additionally, the review addresses whether specific reconstructive modalities predictably yield increased amounts of regeneration. Differences in regenerative potential between humans, nonhuman primates, and canines were also examined. Results of over a decade of studies of periodontal reconstructive therapy were tabulated by family (human, nonhuman primate, and canine) …

Periodontal Repair In Dogs : Evaluation Of Rhbmp-2 Carriers, Lauralee Nygaard

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

This study evaluated candidate carriers for recombinant human bone morphogenic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) in periodontal reconstructive surgery.

Canine demineralized bone matrix (DBM), bovine inorganic crystallene bone matrix (Bio-Oss), bovine derived microfibrillar collagen matrix (Helistat), poly (D,L-lactide-coglycolide) micropaiticles (PLGA), and polylactic acid granules (Drilac) were used with rhBMP-2 (20 (µg/100 µl implant volume) in routine critical size canine supraalveolar periodontal defects. Contralateral defects in six beagle dogs were randomly assigned to receive: DBM/rhBMP-2, DBM-control, Bio-Oss/rhBMP-2, Helistat/rhBMP-2, PLGA/rhBMP-2, or Drilac/rhBMP-2, all with autologous blood except for Helistat and PLGA. Animals were sacrificed eight weeks post-surgery and block sections of the defects were processed …

Experimental Peri-Implant Tissue Breakdown In Rhesus Monkeys, Oliver Hanisch

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The aim of this investigation was to characterize peri-implant tissue breakdown following ligature-induced plaque accumulation around osseointegrated implants in the rhesus monkey. Two hydroxyapatite-coated cylindrical implants were inserted bilaterally in the second premolar and first molar region of both mandible and maxilla in four non-human primates (Macaca mulatto). The implants were left submerged to osseointegrate for one year. Eight weeks after healing abutment connection, a two-month plaque control program was initiated. At the end of this period, clinical and radiographic recordings were carried out, and peri-implant subgingival microbial samples were obtained (baseline). Subsequently, cotton ligatures were placed around …

Effectiveness Of Dna Probe Technology In Distinguishing Among Gingival Health, Mild-Moderate Periodontitis, And Severe Periodontitis In Human Oral Sites, Juliana J. Kim

Dental Hygiene Theses & Dissertations

The purpose of this investigation was to determine if there is a difference in the type of microorganisms found in oral sites classified as gingival health, mild-moderate periodontitis, or severe periodontitis as measured by the DMDx* Test. A purposive sample of one hundred oral sites was selected from adult patients. Subjects were excluded from the study based on: the presence of any systemic disorders, communicable diseases, diabetic conditions, blood dyscrasias, congenital heart disease, rheumatic heart disease, pregnancy, history of periodontal surgery, prosthetic joint replacement, hypertensive heart disease, or any medications that might alter the gingival tissues (e.g. antibiotics, hormonal therapy, …

Healing Following Periodontal Reconstructive Surgery : Surgical Implantation Of A Collagen Matrix Or Demineralized Freeze-Dried Bone Allograft, Seong Yong Choi

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Healing following periodontal reconstructive surgery including surgical implantation of a collagen matrix or demineralized freeze-dried bone allograft (DFDBA) was evaluated in a preclinical (collagen) and a clinical (DFDB A) study.

Contralateral periodontal fenestration defects in 7 beagle dogs were used to evaluate the effect of a collagen matrix on periodontal healing. The defects (6x4 mm) were created through the buccal cortical plates of the maxillary canine teeth following elevation of mucoperiosteal flaps. The collagen was fitted to the defects on one side, while contralateral defects served as controls. Raps were repositioned and sutured. Dogs were sacrificed 4 weeks after surgery …

Periodontal Repair In Dogs : Part I : Evaluation Of The Natural Disease Model ; Part Ii : Eptfe Barrier Membranes Support Wound Stabilization And Enhance Bone Regeneration, James Marc Haney

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Animal models are frequently consulted for histometric analysis of reconstructive periodontal therapy. Statistical analysis of induced lesion defects and surgically created defects from our laboratory suggest defect size homogeneity is critical for the model to discriminate treatment effects. This study characterizes natural disease defects in beagle dogs. Buccal-lingual histologic sections from the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th mandibular premolar teeth (P2, P3, P4) from 6 aged beagle dogs with natural disease defects were evaluated for variation in defect height between pair matched tooth types, and jaw quadrants, as well as estimated confidence intervals for treatment differences between left and right pair …

Reproducibility Of Periodontal Probing, Su-Fang Wang

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

This study evaluated reproducibility of periodontal probing by conventional manual and automated force-controlled electronic probes. A total of 1206 sites (6 sites per tooth including maxillary and mandibular incisor/canine, premolar, and molar sites) in 15 patients with history of moderate or advanced chronic periodontal disease were examined. Probings included probing pocket depths (PD), as well as probing attachment levels (PAL) from a reference stent. Measurements were recorded to the nearest 0.5 mm with both methods. Patients were examined twice, 7 to 10 days apart. At each visit, all sites were probed first with the conventional probe and then with the …

Transforming Growth Factor-Beta 1 Expression In Developing Ovine Teeth As Visualized By In Situ Hybridization, Søren Jepsen

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Recently we demonstrated that human dentin contained relatively high amounts of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-ß) and proposed that dentin TGF-ß originated from odontoblasts. Because of the suggested role of TGF-ß in mediating cellular interactions in dental cell development by paracrine mechanisms, we studied the expression of TGF-ß message in developing teeth by in situ hybridization. 5 µm serial sections of neonatal sheep mandibular third molars that had been fixed in glutaraldehyde and paraffin-embedded were used for in situ analysis. An [³⁵S]-labeled cRNA probe, complementary to TGF-ß1 mRNA, was constructed from human TGF-ß1 cDNA. Northern analysis of total …

The Periodontal Intraosseous Defect Following Root Conditioning With Citric Acid And Wound Closure Including A Ptfe Membrane : An Experimental Study, Betty Glaser Kersten

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Treatment of the intrabony or intraosseous periodontal defect has rendered much attention over the last few decades. Numerous approaches have been advocated; however, overall comparisons between treatments do not exist. This review summarizes and discusses outcomes of therapeutic modalities in the intrabony periodontal lesion from controlled clinical studies. The modalities reviewed include scaling and root planning, gingival flap surgery, gingival flap surgery including wound closure with interdental denudation, root-biomodification, placement of autologous, allogenic, or xenogeneic bone grafts, placement of alloplastic grafts, and placement of tissue guiding barrier membranes. In addition histologic observations of healing in the intrabony periodontal lesion are …

An In Vitro Evaluation Of Commercially Available Disposable Prophylaxis Angles, Caren M. Barnes, Lisa S. Fleming, Carl M. Russell

College of Dentistry: Faculty Publications

Although a number of manufacturers are marketing disposable prophylaxis angles, no literature exists regarding the mechanical efficacy and efficiency of these products. It was the purpose of this in vitro evaluation to compare and evaluate five brands of commercially available disposable prophylaxis angles for vibration, noise, heat rise, and torque. Random samples of each brand of disposable prophylaxis angle were utilized. Vibration was measured with a height gauge and running motor; noise was measured with a sound meter and heat rise was measured from 68°F on the head and body of the disposable prophylaxis angles, and torque required to destroy …

Short-Term Effects Of The PoliswabR On Supramarginal Bacterial Plaque Removal And Gingival Health In A Spinal Cord Unit Population, Beth Elaine Mckinney

Dental Hygiene Theses & Dissertations

The purpose of this investigation was to determine the short-term efficacy of a mechanical device (Poliswab^R) on supramarginal bacterial plaque removal and gingival health. The sample consisted of 15 residents in a spinal cord unit at the Hampton Veterans' Affairs Medical Center. A single blind, split-mouth, pretest-posttest design was used in the study with each subject serving as his own control. Over a two week period, each participant had his teeth cleaned once daily by a dental hygienist using a Poliswab^R containing sodium bicarbonate and dentifrice on one side of the mouth and a toothbrush without dentifrice …

Occurrence Of Rheumatoid Factor And Hla-Dr4 Within Periodontal Patients And Controls, Steven L. Howard

Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

The Effect Of An Anti-Osteoclastic Agent And A Collagen Sponge On Root Resorption Following Regenerative Periodontal Surgery In The Dog, Rudolf Hahn

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Previous studies indicate that root resorption is a frequent sequela to significant amounts of periodontal repair following experimental regenerative periodontal surgical procedures in animal models. To study if root resorption can be reduced or prevented, periodontal repair was evaluated in large horizontal circumferential defects in the dog in the absence of influence from the oral environment. Diphosphonate (Cl₂ MDP) applied topically to the root surfaces prior to wound closure as well as the use of a collagen sponge membrane (Helistat®) draped over the root surfaces and a control with no additional treatment after defect creation were the modalities employed. …

Treatment Of Periodontal Furcation Defects, Michael Martin, Bernard Gantes

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

[Note: Three parts in one.]

I. Review of the Literature and Description of a Regeneration Surgical Technique

This report provides an abbreviated review of the literature on treatment and prognosis of periodontal furcation lesions. In addition, it describes a surgical technique designed to accomplish bone regeneration in class II furcation defects, together with the rationale for the development of this procedure. Results of treatment of 30 defects with this technique are presented in a subsequent report (Gantes et al. 1987).

II. Bone Regeneration in Mandibular Class II Defects

A total of 30 mandibular, buccal class II furcation defects were treated …

Effects Of Oral Hygiene Measures On Clinical And Microbiological Parameters Of Periodontal Disease, Bruno Loos

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The effects of a 12-week period of oral hygiene alone on gingival conditions and subgingival microflora in 15 patients with severe periodontitis were investigated. In addition, subgingival microsamples were compared during this oral hygiene phase with those obtained 1 week after debridement. Clinical measurements and subgingival samples from selected sites were taken at week 0 (baseline), week 6, and week 12. Microbial samples were also taken at week 13, that is, one week following debridement. At week 0 the patients were instructed in supragingival plaque control and at week 6 the hygiene regimen was supplemented with the subgingival use of …

Treatment Of Periodontal Furcation Defects, Bernard Gantes

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

This report provides an abbreviated review of the literature on treatment and prognosis of periodontal furcation lesions. In addition, it describes a surgical technique designed to accomplish bone regeneration in class II furcation defects, together with the rationale for the development of this procedure. Results of treatment of 30 defects with this technique are presented in a subsequent report (Gantes et al. 1987).

Effectiveness Of A Hydrogen Peroxide, Sodium Chloride, Sodium Bicarbonate Dentifrice Upon Microbiota Associated With Periodontitis, Jill M. Modi

Dental Hygiene Theses & Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of a hydrogen peroxide, sodium chloride, sodium bicarbonate dentifrice upon quantitative changes in the sulcular microbial species Bacteroides melaninogenicus and in the gingival condition and plaque accumulation associated with periodontitis. Fifteen subjects from the Hampton Veteran's Administration Medical Center w e r e selected according to a standard criteria. Split mouth experimental design was used. One arch of each patient was assigned randomly to periodontal instrumentation. Half the mouth then was assigned randomly an experimental or a control dentifrice to be utilized once daily. culture analysis, the Gingival Index and …

Clinical Effectiveness Of ListerineR And ViadentR Mouthrinses On Bacterial Plaque And Gingivitis, Debra Pizzola Powell

Dental Hygiene Theses & Dissertations

The purpose of this investigation was to determine the effects of two commercial mouth rinses, Listerine^R and Viadent^R, on bacterial plaque and gingivitis. over a sixweek period, 24 adults, ages 18-41, were examined for the amount of bacterial plaque and level of gingivitis using Silness and toe's Plaque Index (PLI) and Gingival Index (GI). At the beginning of each two week period, subjects were examined for the amount of plaque and level of gingivitis and given a different mouthrinse: appointment one--viadent^R (mouthrinse A), appointment two--placebo mouthrinse (mouthrinse B), and appointment three--Listerine^R (mouthrinse C). Additionally, subjects …

Clinical Effectiveness Of Hydrogen Peroxide-Sodium Bicarbonate Paste On Human Periodontitis Treated With And Without Scaling And Root Planing, Sylvia M. Lyne

Dental Hygiene Theses & Dissertations

The purpose of this investigation was to determine the main and interaction effects of two oral hygiene regimens and periodontal instrumentation on the periodontal health status of subjects between the ages of 18 and 70 over a two-month period. The sample consisted of 16 subjects with moderate periodontitis. A split-mouth design was used; subjects brushed with fluoridated toothpaste on one side of the mouth and brushed with a hydrogen peroxide-sodium bicarbonate paste on the contralateral side. For each treatment, scaling and root planing were randomly assigned to one arch. At two-week intervals, the periodontal health status was measured using the …

Predictions Of The Effects Of Nonsurgical Periodontial Therapy : Prospective And Retrospective Identification Of Deteriorating Sites, Rik Achille Vanooteghem

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Clinicians rely mostly on clinical signs of disease and radiographic information to evaluate the periodontal condition of patients before and after initial, nonsurgical periodontal therapy. The results of their evaluations lead to decisions that determine the need for further periodontal therapy, often surgical, and may also provide guidelines for subsequent dental restorative treatment.

Thirteen subjects with moderate to advanced periodontal disease received oral hygiene instruction and one single episode of root planing. Three experienced clinicians made made[sic] independent predictions in individual tooth sites of the outcome of this initial therapy. They identified sites that in their opinion probably would not …

A Histologic Bioassay Of The Effect Of Endotoxin Of Escherichia Coli 0111:B4 Strain Injected Into Guinea Pig Oral Mucosa, Juan Jose De Obarrio

Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

Pedodontists' Attitudes Toward Pit And Fissure Sealants As A Preventative Oral Service, Kathern Rheanice Hamlin

Dental Hygiene Theses & Dissertations

The purpose of this survey was to assess periodontists' attitudes toward pit and fissure sealants as an oral health service. A self-designed, 43-item questionnaire and a letter of transmittal were mailed to a random sample of periodontists belonging to the American Academy of Periodontics (N=S00). Data were obtained from 288 returned questionnaires (58 percent).

Data analysis suggested that periodontists' attitudes have changed over the past nine years in that: (1) more periodontists are assigning a high value of pit and fissure sealants in preventing dental caries, (2) more periodontists are using pit and fissure sealants to prevent dental caries, and …