Communication Sciences and Disorders Commons^™

A Study Of The Effects Of The Concepts “Same” And “Different” Upon The Speech Sound Discrimination Test Performances Of Children Of Various Ages, Barbara Beving

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

Training in speech sound discrimination may be an important part of some speech therapy and language development programs. In order to determine the nature of the training required, it is necessary to evaluate an individual's ability to discriminate between speech sounds. A variety of tests have been designed for this purpose. A review of the tests indicates that in one type of test the responses are based on the concepts "same" and "different". Recent studies suggest that the ability of an individual to perform at these tests may be affected by the use of the concepts. This study explored the …

A Study Of Personality Problems And Vocal Nodules In Children, William Lee Glassell

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

The investigator found several children with vocal nodules in the schools he served. A review of the literature revealed that vocal abuse is the commonly considered etiology of vocal nodules. Vocal abuse did not fit several of the children who tended to be quiet and withdrawn. A further review of the literature was instituted in an attempt to find some feature of commonality between quiet children and noisy children which could explain why quiet children develop vocal nodules. Several authors discussed functional voice disorders as the result of personality problems. Few, however, related their conclusions directly to vocal nodules. The …

Non-Metric Scaling Of Loudness, Alan M. Richards

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Determination of loudness scales for 1000 Hz stimuli by conventional ratio scaling methods have yielded loudness functions which grow as approximately the 0.54 power of sound pressure. Thus, two-fold loudness differences are equivalent to approximately 10 dB across the auditory continuum. The unidimensional representation of loudness ss a power function of sound intensity implies that if A is twice as loud as B, which, in turn, is twice as loud C, the A will be four times as loud as C. In order to test this implication across the auditory continuum loudness ratio estimates were obtained from four 7x7 matrices …

The Generalization Of Cognate Sounds During Speech Therapy, Marilyn Ginther

Master's Theses or Doctor of Nursing Practice

Two primary areas are investigated in this study; 1) a single subject replication of Shelton and Elbert (1967 a&b), in which generalization from a voiceless sound /s/ to its voiced cognate /z/ is tested; 2) a reversal of the Shelton and Elbert (1967 a&b) procedure with a single subject to determine if training on a voiced phoneme /z/ will generalize to its voiceless cognate /s/. A third area of interest will be to see if any change will occur on the phoneticallydissimilar sound /r/ in either subject.

Oral Stereognosis And Two-Point Discrimination Ability Of Anterior Tongue Thrusters And Normal Swallowers, Lawrence Jay Friedman

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

The present study was designed to determine whether differences exist between frontal tongue thrusters and normal swallowers on tasks or oral stereognosis and two-point discrimination.

Comparison Of Articulation Severity Ratings Of /S/ And /R/ By Lower-, Middle-, And Upper Socioeconomic Groups, Stephen R. Alcorn

Masters Theses

No abstract provided by author.

Differential Effects Of Various Language Sampling Procedures On Children's Verbal Output, Wanda G. Webb

Masters Theses

The purpose of this investigation was to determine whether differences exist among four dlfferent language sampling procedures as to measures of communicative competence. Specifically, three questions were posed:

1. Do statistically significant differences exist among obtained LCI scores for the following procedures for evoking child language samples: (1) Toys, (2) Verbal Directives, (3) Child-generated Pictures, and (4) Radio Telemetry.
2. If differences exist, are they manifested in: (1) Noun Phrase One, (2) Verb Phrase One, (3) Noun Phrase Two.
3. What is the frequency of occurrence of the obtained grammatical structures for the sampling procedure yielding the highest LCI scores?

PROCEDURE. Four language …

Stuttering Tremor; An Exploration Of Methodologies For Recording And Analysis, James J. Welsh

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

Comparison Of Amounts Of Verbal Response Elicited By A Speech Pathologist In The Clinic And A Mother In The Home, Joan Mathis

Dissertations and Theses

Language assessment of children is an essential task of the speech clinician and many studies have been concerned with the validity of the data gathered. Few studies, however, have investigated examiner variability as a possible source of deviation in language assessment. This study was designed to evaluate and compare the amount of verbal output which children with normal language use when examined by two different examiners when the examiners are in their most comfortable setting.

Six children, four years of age, were examined by a speech pathologist in the clinic and the mother in the home and the 12 fifteen-minute …

The Rhetorical Invention Of Roy Wilkins In Selected Civil Rights Speeches, Thomas Johnson

Speech and Hearing Sciences ETDs

Roy Wilkins, Executive Director of the National Asso­ciation for the Advancement of Colored People, has been in the foreground of the Civil Rights Movement since 1923, when he was secretary of the St. Paul NAACP and a delegate to his first national NAACP convention in Kansas City. He has delivered speeches in every state in the United States and many foreign countries. He has received numerous awards for his services, including the Medal of Freedom, the coun­try's highest civil honor. The purpose of this investigation was to study the rhetorical invention of Roy Wilkins to determine to what extent this …

Development And Fabrication Of A Linguapalatometer, William H. Grisham

Speech and Hearing Sciences ETDs

This thesis study was the design and fabrication of a prototype linguapalatometer as a basic research tool in speech physiology. The system was designed to have maximum flexibility and to be capable of measuring linguapalatal articulation during continuous speech with high temporal and spatial resolution. Specifically, the study was an attempt to:

1. Design and fabricate a prototype artificial palate and electrode array of optimum thickness, complexity and materials of construction for accurate observation of linguapalatal speech physiology.

2. Design and fabricate a prototype amplifier and signal conditioner unit that permits discrimination between linguapalatal contact and physiologic “noise” such as …

Demographic, Personality And Nonverbal Perception Correlates Of Communication Sensitivity, William Patrick Neal

Speech and Hearing Sciences ETDs

The general purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of demographic, personality and nonverbal perception variables to communication sensitivity. The examination concerned the relative linearity or non-linearity and the statistical significance of each relationship. The specific purpose of this study was to establish the concurrent validity of the UNM Conversation Self-Report Inventory. The Conversation Inventory was used as the measure of communication sensitivity in this study. The demographic variables were measured by the Demographic Questionnaire designed by this author. The Questionnaire provided demographic information ranging from age, sex, etc. to attitude toward the future and political beliefs. Three …

The Relationship Of Three Tests Of Visual Synthesis To Lipreading Ability In A Hearing-Impaired Sample, Nicki M. Mulford

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

The Effect Of Self-Directed Structure Versus Adult-Directed Structure In The Learning Of Articulation Skills In First And Second Grade Boys And Girls, Doris Elaine Haley

All Master's Theses

The comparative effectiveness of two speech correction approaches was studied in the therapeutic situation (within the program and the setting of the public school). The Van Riper adult-directed auditory stimulation method, used by many speech therapists today, was compared with a self-directed and modified Backus and Beasley approach to sound correction. The problem resolved was: Which method will be most effective in helping first and second grade children acquire adequate articulation skills?

A Comparative Analysis Of The Untrained Lip Reading Ability Of Mothers Of Young Hard Of Hearing Children Versus Mothers Of Young Normal Hearing Children, Janet Andrews Boileau

Dissertations and Theses

This paper provides a brief history of attitudes toward the deaf and the evolution of teaching and instruction of the deaf. It then discusses a pilot study that probed the acquisition of lip reading skills and the influence of mothers in the process.

An Electromyographic Comparison Of Muscle Action Potentials Of Listeners Presented Time-Compressed And Normal Speech Stimuli, Barbara S. Moon

Dissertations and Theses

Speech compression is a method of electromyographically reducing the speech signal, resulting in a decrease in the time required for presentation of a message by increasing the number of words per minute. Research in the area of speech compression has to this time been focused on determining the listener response by means of comprehension testing. While comprehension testing uncovers the individual's ability to resolve, organize, and recall a message at accelerated rates, it gives no information about the listener's psychophysical response to compression. Does the individual find listening to compression to be tension-provoking or stressful? Or can a listener accommodate …

A Comparison Of Object Dropping And Echoic Vocalizing As Response Modes To Pure Tone Stimuli Among Mentally Retarded Children, Elton L. Stewart

Dissertations and Theses

Mentally retarded children demonstrate an abnormally high incidence of hearing impairment, and many, particularly those with IQs below 40, are difficult for audiologists to test. Consequently, there is great need among this population for investigating response modes and conditioning of responses to auditory stimuli. A review of the literature reveals no studies of echoic vocalization as a conditioned response mode to pure tone stimuli among the retarded.

In this study, a heterogenous sample of 13 moderately and severely retarded children ranging in age from 7 years 7 months to 16 years 3 months were compared on two response modes to …

A Dissonance Approach To Persuasion, Robert Wayne Norton

Speech and Hearing Sciences ETDs

What moves is the essence of persuasion theory. Consequently, motivation theories interest the theorist examining persuasion theory. The theory of cognitive dissonance, in particular, suggests a meaningful approach to persuasion which offers both pragmatic and theoretical insights. Festinger’s theory of cognitive dissonance holds that when a person has two cognitions or “knowledges” which are inconsistent with on another, a state of dissonance or psychological discomfort occurs. The existence of the discomfort motivates the person to attempt to alleviate the inconsistency in order to restore the organism to a state of equilibrium or consonance. A dissonance approach to persuasion has two …

Construct Validity Of The Length-Complexity Index (Lci), Martha Morrill Hon

Masters Theses

No abstract provided by author.

The Experimental Use Of Operant Procedures With Language Delayed Children, Scott W. Nielsen

All Master's Theses

It was the purpose of this study: (1) To compare the amount of vocalization produced by each child before the experiment with the amount of vocalization during and after the application of operant conditioning techniques. (2) To compare the variations in the vocalization produced by the children. (3) To explore the possibility of shaping those vocalizations into meaningful words. The study sought to verify the following statement: Utilization of operant conditioning principles will increase the amount and variety of vocalization in language delayed children.

An Experimental Study To Determine The Effect Of Creative Dramatics Upon A Public School Speech Therapy Program, Sharon Lee Balyeat

All Master's Theses

The intent of the study was to determine the effect of creative dramatics upon the attitudes and language skills of a group of children participating in a public school speech correction program.

A Validation Study Of The Predictive Screening Test Of Articulation, Stanley G. Kibbey

All Master's Theses

The primary purpose of this study will be to conduct a test of the validity of the Predictive Screening Test of Articulation. Does the PSTA identify first grade children who will master their articulation errors without speech therapy by the time they enter third grade? Conversely, does the PSTA identify first grade children who will not master their articulation errors without speech therapy by the time they enter third grade? In short, does the PSTA predict as expected? Secondary purposes of this study include the assessment of the possible effects of sex, age, intellectual functioning and socioeconomic status on the …

The Relationship Of Reading Achievement And The Speech Problems Of Four Children Attendng C.W.S.C. Speech Clinic, Wanda Lee Raap

All Master's Theses

This study attempts to find a relationship between speech problems and reading difficulties. This was accomplished by giving reading achievement and reading diagnostic tests to the children at the C.W.S.C. speech and hearing clinic. The results of the reading tests were analyzed and, by the use of the speech records, related to their speech problems. This study attempted to find the relationship between speech problems and reading difficulties using four children, their speech records and their reading tests.

A Comparison Of Three Psychological Scaling Methods For Evaluating Voice Quality, George C. Dudley

Masters Theses

No abstract provided by author.

A Study Of The Relative Contributions Of Orally And Nasally Emitted Signals To Hyper-Nasal Speech, Milo Ellis Bishop

Speech and Hearing Sciences ETDs

The validity of The Oral Nasal Acoustic Ratio (Tonar) System as a means of obtaining data relevant to perceived nasality was established by comparing forward and backward play scale values with nasal/oral acoustic ratios computed by Tonar.

The acoustic characteristics of orally and nasally emitted signals and their relative contributions to the total speech signal were analyzed and considered within the framework of oral and nasal acoustic masking.

A passage free of nasal phonemes was read by 20 subjects with surgically repaired palatal clefts. A specially designed instrumentation system (Tonar) was used to separate the signals emerging from the oral …

The Criteria Used In The Selection Of Children For Group Or Individual Speech Correction In The Public Schools Of The State Of Washington, Susan Irene Williams

All Master's Theses

It was the purpose of the study to determine what criteria are used by public school speech clinicians in the state of Washington to select students for group or individual speech correction.

Investigation Of The Effectiveness Of A Speech Improvement Program For Preschool Children, Blanche S. Rathbun

All Master's Theses

It was the purpose of this study to investigate the effectiveness of a speech improvement program for preschool children.

Narrow Band Modification For Speech Testing Of The Cochlear Reserve By Threshold Shift, Michael F. Seidemann

Communication Disorders & Special Education Theses & Dissertations

No abstract.

A Survey Of Speech Therapy Programs In The Public Schools In The State Of Washington, Audrey Goodman

All Master's Theses

It was the purpose of this study (1) to determine the current status of the speech therapy programs in the public schools of the eastern half of the state of Washington; (2) to evaluate changes that have occurred since their initiation and (3) to estimate future goals insofar as possible.

The Differential Effects Of Unilateral Versus Bilateral Cerebral Lesions On Performances Involving Comparable Visual And Auditory Tasks, Michael G. Johnson

Speech and Hearing Sciences ETDs

The present research was directed toward gaining a clearer understanding of the relationships between the location of brain injury and relative auditory and visual input abilities of adults by submitting selected subjects to comparable procedures requiring the auditory and the visual input of stimuli. Two tests, the Geometric Figures Test (GFT) and the Token Test (TT), were developed as a means of obtaining measures of auditory input ability and visual input ability. Each test contains separate auditory and visual batteries. The two batteries of each test are similar in all respects except for the mode of input used for each …