Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Understanding Deaths Of Despair In Us Counties Through Bourdieu's Theory Of Capital, Seulki Kim

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The overarching goal of this dissertation is to examine a recent rise in rates of deaths from suicide, alcohol, and drugs, labeled together as “deaths of despair” in the United States using Bourdieu’s theory of capital. Although the deaths of despair phenomenon is a product of a complex process related to various material and non-material factors, there is no theoretical framework that is able to account for different domains of predictors. Thus, this dissertation aims to fill this gap by drawing on Bourdieu’s theory of capital and systematically investigating the relationships of mortality rates attributed to suicide, alcohol, and opioid …

Treating Anonymous Patients : The Effectiveness, Costs, And Strategies Of Promoting The Use Of Expedited Partner Therapy, Andre Kiesel

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Despite decades of concerted efforts to prevent their spread, chlamydia andgonorrhea remain two of the most prevalent sexually transmitted infections in the United States (U.S.) — exacting a high toll in terms of human health and healthcare expenditure. Though easily cured with antibiotics, both infections may lead to damaging secondary health conditions – known as sequelae – if untreated, including infertility among females. However, treating diagnosed individuals (known as “index patients”) is not enough—it is critical to also care for their recent sex partners as well, lest they reinfect the treated patient. Partner referral is the traditional approach to partner …

U.S. Health Professionals' Perspectives On Orthorexia Nervosa : Clinical Utility, Measurement And Diagnosis, And Perceived Influence Of Sociocultural Factors, Christina Sanzari

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Purpose: The current study aimed to investigate United States (U.S.) health professionals’ perspectives on if and how Orthorexia nervosa (ON) should be classified, replicating and expanding upon a previous study in a U.S. sample. Method: Participants (n=100) were U.S. health professionals with experience working clinically with eating disorders, including trainees, Ph.D. psychologists, social workers and master’s level clinicians, and medical health professionals. After reviewing the proposed ON criteria, participants responded to questions regarding the clinical utility of ON, diagnosis and measurement of the proposed condition, and sociocultural influence on the emergence of ON. Views of ON as a useful diagnostic …

Implementation Of The Blunt Tip Cannula For Dermal Fillers To Decrease Adverse Events Intra And Post Treatment, Natalie Drone

Doctor of Nursing Practice Final Manuscripts

Abstract Title: Decreasing Adverse Events by Implementing Blunt Tip Cannula in the Administration of Dermal Fillers Intra and Post Treatment

Background: Dermal filler administration has become one of the most popular cosmetic procedures since dermal fillers were FDA approved in 1981. Although decreasing adverse events in dermal filler administration is a primary concern, aesthetic providers strive to provide patients with the most comfortable treatment experience possible without compromising aesthetic outcomes. Evidence has suggested that blunt tip cannulas provide a more comfortable delivery of dermal fillers and a lower risk of adverse events when compared with the standard practice …

Assessment Of Health Beliefs Related To Osteoporosis In A Sample Of Iraqi Populationa, Shaymaa Abdalwahed Abdulameer, Mohanad Naji Sahib

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

Osteoporosis is one of the most progressive metabolic bone diseases that affecting millions of people worldwide. The purpose of this study was to assess osteoporosis health beliefs using Osteoporosis Health Belief Scale- Arabic version (OHBS-A) among sample of Iraqi adult men. The study is crosssectional community based study design, involved 138 participants with different age groups. The results showed th0.e mean age of the participants was 40.78±13.05 years. The tool showed a good reliability with the Cronbach's alpha test 0.97 for the forty-two items in OHBS-A. For the test-retest reliability the results demonstrated an accepted reliability and stability with Pearson’s …

Diagnostic Utility Of Il-6 And Some Biomarker Correlated With The Diseases Severity Of Covid‐19 Patients, Ekhlas Saddam Falih, Suhad Hassan Obaid

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) SARS-2 is a respiratory tract infection with a newly recognized coronavirus thought to have originated as a zoonotic virus that has mutated or otherwise adapted in ways that allow human pathogenicity. This study describe the association between IL-6, D-dimer, C-reactive protein (CRP, Ferritin, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and hematological marker in a cohort of COVID-19 patients. The baseline characteristics of the studied samples according to age and gender with a comparison of significance in studied groups show that a total of 65 individuals were divided into three groups according to the severity of disease (17 milds, …

Antimicrobial Action Of Some Types Of Homemade And Commercial Oils Extracts Against Bacterial Clinical Isolates, Ali Shaker F. Hadad, Jaleel Samanje

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

The concentrated natural plant extracts are important sources of oils, which were proven to be good bioactive compound sources with antimicrobial and antioxidative characteristics. The current study aims to study the antimicrobial actions of public extracts of some commercial essential oils sold in market agaisnt a panel of some gram negative and positive clinicaly isolated bacteria. İn our study, fifteen types of commerical extracts were sold from local market and their antimicrobial action was tested against Pseudomonas. aeruginosa, Klebsiella. pneumoniae, Proteus. vulgaris, Escherichia. coli, Staphylococcus. aureus, Streptococcus. agalactiae and Enterococcus. faecalis. All the selected pathogens were tested for antibiotic senesitivty …

Study The Effect Of Harmful Radiation On Patients, Eyes From 15-25 Years During Using Smart Devices, Mundher Sameen Shuker, Zina Tariq Ali

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

The aim of this study was to assess the unsafe effects of harmful radiation, especially blue light and ultraviolet rays on patients' eyes aged (15-25) years during us exposure. It was carried out at the optics consulting clinic of the College of Health and Medical Technology in Baghdad/Iraq. In this research, (50) patients were enrolled, 28 males and 22 females, with their ages ranging from (15- 25) years. The smart devices are used by all patients for 2 to 5 hours daily. The majority of the patients were middle school and university students, accounting for 94 % of the patient …

Mini-Review Virtual Autism In Scientific Literature And The Difference From Classical Autism, Mustafa Fawzy Jaffar, Lamia Yaqoub Mohammed

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

This Mini-Review aims to look for the scientific basis of the newly observed phenomenon of autistic symptoms in IESE (Intensive Early Screen Exposure) children and the origin of the name Virtual Autism and the other effects of screen exposure on children. The overlap between classical Autism and virtual autism and the practical difficulty in implanting the off-screen test may be the cause of the rapid rise in Autism cases around the world these observations need solid community decision to support parents to live socially active lives with their children rather than leaving them to learn from the screens as the …

The Value Of Some Biochemical Parameters In The Prediction Of Kidneys Severity In Covid-19 Patients, Omar Sadik Shalal, Hanaa N. Abdullah, Othman Almahdawy

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

Severe infection with the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is currently associated with long hospital stay and high mortality; COVID-19 infection has pneumonia as one of its symptoms but can quickly progress to acute renal complication. It is, therefore, justifiable to determine the level of some potential biomarkers that could help in, early, rapid and effective identification of severe cases. Among the biomarkers that could aid in early diagnosis of mild and severe COVID-19 infections include the serum urea & creatinine levels, as well as serum conjugated bilirubin level. These serum biomarkers, especially serum urea and creatinine levels, reflect the glomerular filtration …

Estimation Of Oxidative Stress, Oxidized Ldl And Some Trace Element In Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Noor Kareem Abbas, Ahmed A. Mohsin, Humiash H. H., Muhammed M. Radhi

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

Oxidative stress is a physiological state in which high numbers of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and free radicals are produced. It has been demonstrated that oxidative stress plays a role in the development of diabetes. We aimed in this study to assists oxidative stress markers in diabetic patients, such as the oxidation-reduction process and OxLDL, as well as the relationship between OxLDL and the traditional risk factors for type 2 diabetes (LDL, FBS). In addition, various trace metals (copper, zinc, and chromium) were evaluated as antioxidants. The study was conducted at the Specialized Center for Endocrinology and Diabetes in Babylon …

Polymorphism With Bladder Cancer Risk And Staging, Saleh Ali Al-Qadoori, Farah A. Dawood

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

Telomerase-associated protein 1 is responsible ribonucleoprotein complex for telomerase activity, which catalyzes new telomeres on the chromosome ends. The presented work studied the impact of (TEP1) single nucleotide polymorphism on bladder CA risk. A total of sixty-two diagnosed by histopathologically with Transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) individuals and thirty-eight individuals as controls were implicated in the research. TEP1 rs222804 Polymorphism (C>T) was estimated by amplifying the gene with PCR and DNA sequencing methods. This study revealed that the polymorphic T allele related to TEP1 rs222804 Polymorphism has a considerable association in increase TCC risk with an odds ratio of 4.7. …

Measuring The Levels Of C5a In Induced Wound Infection With Staphylococcus Aureus, Athraa Hassan Al-Khafaji, Kifah Fadhil Al-Shabaa

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

Animal models are standard tools for studying a wide range of traumatic wound infections. This paper aims to study the effect of Staphylococcus aureus (SA) in the wound and how the innate immune system interacts with this infection, by measuring C5a, and there are roles on wound healing. Fiftyone (females) Albino Rats at the age 6-9 week. The animals were divided into three groups (17 animal in the group) Group I (healthy control), Group II (control wound), and Group III (infection contamination, wound group), To mimic clinically occurring infections caused by SA infection, excision wound was made on the dorsal …

Evaluation The Effect Of Microwave Disinfection On Soft Linear Hardness, Amaal Kadhim Alsaadi

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

The hardness of long-term soft-liner material was evaluated after disinfection by microwave irradiation. thirty specimens of the long-term soft liner were made and divided into three groups: the first two groups which are daily disinfected by microwave (5min .15min /650W) the third group control (without disinfection) hardness measurements were made after 15 days of disinfection differences between groups were analyzed using one-way Anova test (p<0.05). Result shows that a high mean value for the surface hardness of long term soft liner after exposing to microwave disinfection for 15 min, and a low mean value without exposing to microwave disinfection (control group). Hardness of long-term soft liner material was adversely affected by microwave disinfection.

Evaluation Of Il-6 And Tnfα In Iraqi Patients With Chronic Renal Failure, Athraa Zaidan Hassan, Najah Ali Moha

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major social health problem. CKD is ranked –5 rd amongst life threatening disease in Iraq, the death rate in 2015 of about 6879 patients because of renal failure according to the statistics of the Republic of Iraqi-Ministry of Health/Environment. We aimed to evaluated (IL-6 & TNF-α) in Iraqi patients with chronic renal failure and assess some biochemical parameters include (urea, creatinine, sodium, potassium and calcium).This study included 60 cases and classified as 30 patients with chronic renal failure, these patients with age range (15years and above) who were admitted to the Al-kadimyiah Teaching Hospital, …

Study The Effects Of Sleeve Gastroectomy On Il-8, Il-18, And Vitamin D3 Deficiencies, Mohammed Abbas Fadil, Raya Ezat Maroof, Moayed Abbas

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

Bariatric surgery is the most successful therapy for weight loss, Sleeve gastrectomy; part of the stomach is removed, reducing its capacity by about 85%. Reducing stomach size decreases the consumption of food. Obesity is measured based on their BMI, an estimate of body fat based on weight and height is to study the association between sleeve gastroectomy and some immune marker by estimation level of interleukin-8 (IL-8), interleukin-18 (IL-18), and vitamin D3 in sera patient and control groups, to determination the correlation between in markers; Body mass index (BMI) and their parameters. A total of thirty blood samples were obtained …

Relative Effects Of Self-Paced And Machine-Paced Learning Under Computer-Based Training, Eunju Choi

Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of a self-paced instruction versus machine-paced instruction using a computerized format. Instructional applications such as Programmed Instruction and Computer-Based Instruction have long touted the benefits of self-pacing (e.g., teaching machines, Personalized System of Instruction), but direct comparisons of different pacing types are lacking. Some preliminary research suggests that self-pacing may be prone to distraction by competing reinforcers and overall poor self-management of time. As such, it may be possible that machine-paced lessons (based on optimal timings) may foster better learning while retaining other beneficial features of CBI (interactivity, flexibility of …

Systematic Review Of Prevalence, Risk Factors, And Management Of Instability Following Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty, Jeffrey J. Olson, Michael D. Galetta, Rachel E. Keller, Luke S. Oh, Evan A. O'Donnell

Orthopedic Surgery Resident Research

Background

Since its approval for use, reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) has become the primary treatment for cuff tear arthropathy, with indications expanding more recently to include revision fracture, osteoarthritis with significant glenoid bone loss, tumor, and chronic instability. Instability is a well-described postoperative complication, occurring in 1to 31% of relatively small cohorts and case series. Given the relative infrequency of instability, there remains a need for a comprehensive review of instability with a focus on risk factors and management. Our goal of this systematic review is to describe the prevalence, risk factors, and management strategies for instability …

Early Colonoscopy In Hospitalized Patients With Acute Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding: A Nationwide Analysis., Kuldeepsinh P Atodaria, Samyak Dhruv, Joseph M Bruno, Brisha Bhikadiya, Shravya R Ginnaram, Shreeja Shah

Internal Medicine Resident Research

Background: Performing colonoscopy within 24 h of presentation to the hospital is the accepted standard of care for patients with an acute lower gastrointestinal bleed (LGIB). Previous studies have failed to demonstrate the benefit of early colonoscopy (EC) on mortality. In this study, we wanted to see if there was a change in inpatient deaths (primary outcome), length of stay (LOS), and hospitalization charges (TOTCHG) (secondary outcomes) with EC compared to previous studies.

Methods: Adults diagnosed with LGIB were identified using the International Classification of Disease 10th Revision codes from the National Inpatient Sample database for 2016 to 2019. EC …

Updated Estimates Of Sepsis Hospitalizations At United States Academic Medical Centers, Hei Kit Chan, Swapnil Khose, Summer Chavez, Bela Patel, Henry E Wang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objective: Sepsis is a major public health problem. Understanding the epidemiology of sepsis subtypes is important to quantify the magnitude of the problem and identify targets for system wide treatment strategies. We sought to describe the current national epidemiology of community-acquired (CAS), hospital-acquired (HAS) and healthcare-associated sepsis (HCAS) hospitalizations among academic medical centers in the United States using current discharge diagnosis taxonomies.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of patient discharge data from the Vizient Clinical Data Base/Resource Manager. We identified sepsis hospitalizations using four ICD-10 coding strategies: (1) "Martin" sepsis codes (21 ICD-10 codes), (2) "Angus" sepsis codes (ICD-10 infection + ICD-10 …

The Health Effects Of A Plant-Based Diet On The Human Gut Microbiome, Bryant T. Bell

Student Papers, Posters & Projects

The popularity of a plant-based diet is sweeping the western world. Markets and social media influencers are promoting and encouraging this dietary lifestyle. With people switching diets, research is needed to see how one’s gut microbiome and health are affected. In this review article, the health effect of a plant-based diet on the gut microbiota is evaluate. Over 15 articles contained research on the physiology of the gastrointestinal system, microbes in the gut, nutrition, and diets affecting health issues. It is concluded that a plant-based diet promotes good health and gut microbiome; however, there are some nutritional deficiencies that may …

Development Of A New Affinity Membrane For Rapidly Purifying Non-Antibody Proteins, Friendship Edioma

All Theses

This thesis project describes the modification and evaluation of a new affinity membrane for rapid chromatographic purification of non-antibody proteins. The affinity membrane utilizes Im7/CL7 coupling technology developed by Dr. Vassylyev's lab at the University of Alabama Birmingham (UAB), licensed by TriAltus Bioscience. The behavior of the membrane was evaluated using purified CL7-tagged Cas9 as my model protein for static and dynamic binding capacity analysis.

Chapter one provides an overview on biopharmaceutical drug production process development. I discuss how protein drugs are produced, isolated, and purified from the cell supernatant after upstream phases are completed. Despite increasing demands for biologics, …

A Comprehensive Review On The Use Of Herbal Dietary Supplements In The Usa, Reasons For Their Use, And Review Of Potential Hepatotoxicity, Adnan Khan, Kashyap Chauhan, Heather Ross, Natali Salinas, John Magagna, Makala Wang, Patrick Zhu, Ryan Erwin, Dina Halegoua-De Marzio

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

Herbal and dietary supplement (HDS) use has grown exponentially in the United States. Unfortunately, the incidence of HDS-related liver injury has proportionally increased. Despite the potential for certain HDSs to cause clinically significant liver injury, they are not regulated by the Food and Drug Administration. Recent efforts have been made to regulate HDSs but are far removed from the scrutiny of prescription medications. Scant literature exists on HDSs and their risks of causing liver injury. In this comprehensive review, we examine trends of HDS use in the United States and the pathophysiologic mechanisms of drug-induced liver injury (DILI) of certain …

Results Of A Multi-Site Pragmatic Hybrid Type 3 Cluster Randomized Trial Comparing Level Of Facilitation While Implementing An Intervention In Community-Dwelling Disabled And Older Adults In A Medicaid Waiver, Sandra Spoelstra, Monica Schueller, Viktoria Basso, Alla Sikorskii

Peer Reviewed Articles

Background: Evidence-based interventions that optimize physical function for disabled and older adults living in the community who have difficulty with daily living tasks are available. However, uptake has been limited, particularly in resource-constrained (Medicaid) settings. Facilitation may be an effective implementation strategy. This study’s aim was to compare internal facilitation (IF) versus IF and external facilitation (EF) on adoption and sustainability of an intervention in a Medicaid home and community-based waiver.

Methods: In a hybrid type 3 trial, waiver sites (N = 18) were randomly assigned to implement the intervention using a bundle of strategies with either IF or IF …

Trends And Expectations For Dentistry, Christopher J. Smiley Dds

The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association

The dental industry is experiencing significant changes, with the rise of Dental Support Organizations (DSOs) and corporate dentistry as a dominant model. Economic trends have attracted venture capitalists to invest in dentistry, leading to the growth of DSOs. While some practitioners worry about losing independence, the trend toward DSOs is driven by practice sales by retiring dentists, high educational debt for graduates limiting their ability to finance a traditional practice purchase, and the need for investment to modernize and achieve efficiencies. A desire for work-life balance may guide a clinician to choose this practice option. The number of solo practitioners …

Dentistry And The Law: Can Dental Plan Ratings Be Defamatory?, Dan Schulte Jd

The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association

This article discusses the legal implications of dental plan ratings for dentists. If a dental plan assigns a rating to dentists and publishes it to patients without providing specific information about the rating's basis or an opportunity for dentists to contest it, legal recourse may be limited. Currently, no statutory law regulates such ratings, leaving dentists potentially vulnerable to defamatory ratings. Under Michigan law, dentists could sue for defamation, but proving the rating's falseness and the resulting loss of patients may be challenging. Federal regulation is suggested to ensure fairness, transparency, and protection for dentists subjected to involuntary ratings.

Staff Matters: The Value Of Using Total Compensation Statements, Jodi Schafer Sphr, Shrm-Scp

The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association

Amid the challenges of a competitive job market and employee retention, offering a comprehensive view of compensation is crucial. While employees often focus solely on their direct wages, they may overlook the value of indirect benefits like healthcare and paid time off. Employers can bridge this gap by providing total compensation statements detailing direct and indirect compensation, demonstrating their investment in employees. Such transparency builds trust and allows employees to assess their compensation relative to other employers better. Employers should ensure consistent calculations and pay equity and emphasize the purpose of sharing this information to foster a positive work culture.

Local Broadcast Reporters Maintaining Social Responsibility And Mental Health While Serving A Community Under Lockdown, Mary-Morgan Ellis

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This study looks at local broadcast news reporters working in Northwest Arkansas before, at the start, and during the COVID-19 global pandemic. Research for this study includes a content study of the tweets and Twitter accounts of eleven local reporters. This study considers the social responsibility theory and examines how these eleven local reporters use the theory in their everyday work. Research found, though these reporters don’t credit the theory by name, they are still putting its guidelines into effect as a sort of moral compass when creating objective and representative news for their communities. The research also found that …

Histomonosis In Turkeys – Factors Influencing Transmission, Pathogenesis, And The Search For Prophylactic Or Therapeutic Compounds, Thainá Landim De Barros

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The incidence of histomonosis has been increasing in poultry since the ban of prophylactic and therapeutic compounds. Histomonosis is caused by the protozoa Histomonas meleagridis. The objective of this dissertation was to investigate factors impacting the pathogenesis and transmission of histomonosis and to evaluate compounds that could potentially prevent or reduce the severity of histomonosis in turkeys. In the first study, the effect of sodium chlorate and sodium nitrate on reducing histomonads growth was tested in vitro and added to a basal turkey diet. A decrease in the growth of histomonads in vitro was observed, but no in vivo effect …

The Effects Of Physical Function And Genetics On Cognition And Blood Biomarkers In Individuals At-Risk For Alzheimer’S Disease And Related Dementias, Joshua Louis Gills

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Alzheimer’s disease and related dementia (ADRD) rates are expected to triple by the year 2050. Early detection and specific mitigation efforts are warranted to blunt the alarming rate. Physical function (PF) declines with age, but higher physical function is associated with better cognitive functioning in middle-to- older age individuals. Moreover, greater physical activity (PA) is associated with better global cognition; however, Apoliporotein e4 carriers may not gain the same benefits with exercise. Additionally, plasma phosphorylated tau 217 (p-tau217) has been identified as a novel diagnostic ADRD biomarker which needs further research to examine associations with risk factors. Therefore, the aims …