Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Missing The Forest For The Bamboo: Three Decades Of Back Pain In An African American Man, Riyad N H Seervai, Md, Phd, Meera Jain, Md

Poster Presentations

No abstract provided.

Klebsiella Liver Abscess Syndrome: Asian Ethnicity Is A Risk Factor, Tho Nguyen, Md, Mari Kai, Md

Poster Presentations

No abstract provided.

Incidence And Prognosis Of Cranial Neuropathies In Children With Covid-19: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Priyanka Bisarya

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Objective:In addition to experiencing classic respiratory symptoms, pediatric COVID-19 patients have presented with neurological manifestations including cranial nerve dysfunction. The evidence regarding these presentations has yet to be synthesized, and the aim of this work was to determine how commonly cranial neuropathies are associated with pediatric COVID-19 cases and what the prognosis is for these children. Methods: A systematic review was conducted using a comprehensive search strategy of OVID Medline, OVID Embase, and Web of Science databases. The inclusion criteria were research articles that described pediatric COVID-19 patients with cranial nerve involvement. Results: The search yielded 5497 articles. Thirty-four (34/5497) …

The Real Cause Of The Broken Rib: Developments In Pediatricians' Approach To Child Abuse; 1960 - 2020, Sofia Charania

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

In 1962, C. Henry Kempe published his landmark work, The Battered Child Syndrome, and set into motion a new discourse on child abuse within the American pediatrics community. This paper discusses the tension pediatricians felt between longstanding assumptions of parental virtue and the implications of the emerging conversation on child abuse started by Kempe. It also discusses the resistance shown by some pediatricians to accepting the reality of abuse and the slow process by which that resistance was overcome, aided by factors such as pediatricians’ involvement in adoption procedures. As pediatricians began confronting and understanding child abuse more deeply, their …

Identification Of Circulating Plasma Ceramides As A Potential Sexually Dimorphic Biomarker Of Pancreatic Cancer-Induced Cachexia., Jeffery M Chakedis, Mary E Dillhoff, Carl R Schmidt, Priyani V Rajasekera, David C Evans, Terence M Williams, Denis C Guttridge, Erin E Talbert

Oncology Articles

BACKGROUND: Cancer patients who exhibit cachexia lose weight and have low treatment tolerance and poor outcomes compared to cancer patients without weight loss. Despite the clear increased risk for patients, diagnosing cachexia still often relies on self-reported weight loss. A reliable biomarker to identify patients with cancer cachexia would be a valuable tool to improve clinical decision making and identification of patients at risk of adverse outcomes.

METHODS: Targeted metabolomics, that included panels of amino acids, tricarboxylic acids, fatty acids, acylcarnitines, and sphingolipids, were conducted on plasma samples from patients with confirmed pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) with and without cachexia …

The Prevalence Of And Factors Associated With Anxiety And Depression Among Working-Age Adults In Mainland China At The Early Remission Stage Of The Coronavirus 2019 Pandemic, Haixia Xie, Xiaowei Huang, Qi Zhang, Yan Wei, Xuheng Zeng, Fengshui Chang, Shuyin Wu

Community & Environmental Health Faculty Publications

Background: The Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak has led to a considerable proportion of adverse psychological symptoms in different subpopulations. This study aimed to investigate the status of anxiety and depression and their associated factors in the adult, working-age population in Mainland China at the early remission stage of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: An online study was conducted among 1,863 participants in 29 provinces in Mainland China from March 23 to 31, 2020. Their mental health was evaluated by the generalized anxiety disorder scale (GAD-7) and the patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9). Descriptive analysis, Chi-square, and multiple logistic regressions were applied.

Results: …

Sleep Duration, Sleep Quality, Excessive Daytime Sleepiness, And Chronotype In University Students In India: A Systematic Review, Christen Dunn, Octavia Goodman, Mariana Szklo-Coxe

Community & Environmental Health Faculty Publications

Introduction: Optimal sleep is an important aspect of academic performance and mental health. However, poor sleep health is often present among university students due to their lifestyle and academic requirements. University students in India have been shown to have poor sleep health. Though self-reported sleep issues have been evaluated among university students in India, these results have not been synthesized to date. We aimed to identify factors that may be associated with poor sleep health among university students in India from January 2010 to April 2021, inclusive. As a secondary aim, we sought to evaluate factors associated with sleep among …

Response And Rebuttal To "Comment On: Risk Factors For Workplace Encounters With Weapons By Hospital Employees" In Public Health In Practice; 3 (2022) 100256 By Chidinma Okani And Carmen Black, James D. Blando, Chalsie Paul, Mariana Szklo-Coxe

Community & Environmental Health Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Effectiveness Of Wechat-Group-Based Parental Health Education In Preventing Unintentional Injuries Among Children Aged 0-3: Randomized Controlled Trial In Shanghai, Yuheng Feng, Xueqi Ma, Qi Zhang, Ruo Jiang, Jun Lu, Kaiyue Chen, Huiping Wang, Qinghua Xia, Jicui Zheng, Jingwei Xia, Xiaohong Li

Community & Environmental Health Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Unintentional injuries to children are a major public health problem. The online social media is a potential way to implement health education for caregivers in online communities. Using WeChat, a free and popular social media service in China, this study evaluated the effectiveness of social online community-based parental health education in preventing unintentional injuries in children aged 0-3.

METHODS: We recruited 365 parents from two community health centers in Shanghai and allocated them into intervention and control groups randomly. Follow-up lasted for one year. The intervention group received and followed their WeChat group and a WeChat official account for …

Sex Differences In The Association Of Sibship Size And Position In Sibship With Lipid Profile During Adolescence: A Cross-Sectional Study, Ali H. Ziyab, Mohammad Almari, Anwar Mohammad, Abdullah Al-Taiar, Wilfried Karmaus

Community & Environmental Health Faculty Publications

Background. Epidemiologic studies have reported associations of sibship size and position of the child in the sibship with multiple health outcomes, including adiposity and diabetes. However, little is known about sibling effects on lipids. Hence, this study sought to evaluate associations of the number of total, older, and younger siblings with lipid profile among adolescents. Methods. In a cross-sectional study among high school students aged 14 to 19 years, lipid levels were measured in capillary blood. Parents reported the number of siblings (total, older, and younger). Geometric means of lipids were calculated, and linear regression was used to estimate the …

Antioxidant Biomarkers And Nutraceutical Therapeutics In Neurodegeneration And Neurotrauma, Lilia A. Koza

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), yielding a Glascow Coma Scale of 13-15, is the most commonly occurring severity of TBI. Pathology from mTBI consists of blood brain barrier disruption, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, excitotoxicity, mitochondrial dysfunction, protein aggregation, axonal degeneration, and resulting neuronal death. These processes deplete the body’s endogenous antioxidant system. We report a retrospective analysis of antioxidant blood biomarkers in patients with a history of mTBI from a local sports medicine clinic, Resilience Code. We found persistent sex-specific antioxidant depletions in mTBI patients associated with worsened symptomology.

Certain populations, such as athletes, are at high risk for repetitive mTBI …

Organellar Zn2+ Homeostasis And The Role Of Trpml Channels In Neuronal Lysosome Physiology And Axonal Transport, Taylor Franklin Minckley

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Zinc (Zn²⁺) is crucial for proper cellular function, and as such it is important to measure and track Zn²⁺ dynamics in living cells. Fluorescent sensors have been used to estimate Zn²⁺ content of subcellular compartments, but little is known about endolysosomal Zn2+ homeostasis. Similarly, although numerous sensors have been reported, it is unclear whether and how Zn²⁺ can be released from intracellular compartments into the cytosol due to a lack of probes that can detect physiological dynamics of cytosolic Zn²⁺. My dissertation started with comparing and characterizing different Zn²⁺ sensors including the …

Integrated Care Coordination: A 10-Year Journey Of Care Management Across A Health System, Brooke Griffiths Msw, Lsw, Victoria Chestnut Dnp, Mba, Rn, Ccctm

Population Health

No abstract provided.

The Impact Of Covid-19 On Healthcare Professionals' Occupational Lives, Javed A. Mohammed, Ronald Kevin Dela Cruz

OCCUPATION: A Medium of Inquiry about Health through Occupation

The COVID-19 pandemic has created a period of instability for billions of people around the world. Healthcare systems have been severely strained by the influx of infected patients, placing much of that hardship on healthcare professionals (HCPs). Occupational therapists, physical therapists, speech-language pathologists, doctors, nurses, respiratory therapists, and other essential personnel—individuals who will be inclusive of the term “HCPs”—continue to struggle with frequent occupational disruption. This paper examines the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the occupational lives of HCPs at the national and international levels. The COVID-19 pandemic has drastically increased work-related stress leading to anxiety, depression, burnout, and …

“I Can’T Catch My Breath’...The Use Of Noninvasive Ventilation As Adjunct Therapy To Reduce The Need For Intubation., Erika Meza Rodriguez

Cohort X

Noninvasive ventilation (NIV) is currently used as an adjunct therapy for treatment of respiratory failure with or without hypoxia. NIV is use a support for patients with severe is used acute respiratory failure) associated with Coronavirus-19, exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, acute cardiopulmonary edema and hypercapnia as well as to avoid reintubation of patients who were recently extubated. Published evidence that supports the use of noninvasive ventilation was collected from a comprehensive search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed, Cumulative Index Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) and Cochrane databases. The purpose of the quality improvement (QI) project was to implement …

The Bipolar Crash: Treating Bipolar Depression, Juan E. Anzures

Cohort X

Bipolar Disorder (BD), in the depressive phase is among the most common mental disorder diagnosed in patient’s I treated based on the insight gained after completing a 10-day reflective practice log at Emergence Health Network, outpatient services. In my clinical practice, I noticed that when patients with bipolar depression were on certain antipsychotics, i.e., Aripiprazole, their bipolar disorder, depressive phase symptoms were not improving. Bipolar depression is a debilitating mental disorder and if effective treatment is not implemented, the disease can provoke a suicide death. After an intensive literature review, I found the following guidelines for the effective treatment of …

Virginia Dental Journal (Vol. 99, No. 2, 2022)

Virginia Dental Journal

No abstract provided.

Virginia Dental Journal (Vol. 99, No. 3, 2022)

Virginia Dental Journal

No abstract provided.

2022 Apothecary, Southwestern Oklahoma State University

Apothecary

It is with great honor we present the 2022 Apothecary issue. This year’s Apothecary was made possible by the provision of generous financial contributions from many stores, businesses, and Southwestern College of Pharmacy alumni. We greatly appreciate and thank you for your continued support.

Violence Prevention Task Force: A Health System’S Journey Towards Zero, Lisa Davis, Denise Holyoak

VCU Health Nursing

VCU Health's mission is to be the safest most caring hospital with zero events of preventable harm to patients, team members, and visitors. Our goal cannot be achieved if our staff suffer from workplace violence injuries thus, our executive leaders sponsored a Violence Task Force in 2017 comprised of leaders and bedside staff from all disciplines to implement evidence-informed strategies to aid in the prevention, response or recovery to a violent event. Review of data and measures of our outcomes are based on our worker's compensation, behavioral rapid response, and safety culture surveys. Event drill-downs are achieved by our post-assault …

Gosnell, Katherine - Covid-19 Journal, Katherine Gosnell

Personal Journals

No abstract provided.

Prone Versus Supine Position For Breast Cancer Treatment, Alexis Wychock

Student Research Poster Presentations 2022

This project explains the two most common positions to treat breast cancer: prone and supine. Radiation therapy, breast cancer, complications of radiation therapy to the breast, and the new set-up for prone positioning called Crawl Couch are also discussed on the poster. Breast cancer is the second most common cancer in women in the United States. Men can also develop breast cancer, but it is less common. Supine is performed utilizing deep inspiration breath hold and the prone is completed using free breathing. Prone and supine are the two positions used but some researchers found a better way to treat …

External Beam Radiation Therapy For Wilms Tumor, Alyssa Galdi

Student Research Poster Presentations 2022

This project explains Wilms tumor cancer and the role radiation therapy can play in treating patients who have the disease. General statistics, symptoms, cancer severity, contributing factors, imaging options, and treatment options are also discussed. Wilms tumor is a type of childhood cancer that starts in the kidneys. It is the most common type of kidney cancer in children. About 9 of 10 kidney cancers in children are Wilms tumors. Treatment for Wilms' tumor involves surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. The type of radiation therapy used for Wilms tumor is external beam radiation therapy. There are five stages of Wilms …

The Effects Of Neuronal Growth Factors On Lps-Activated Schwann Cells, Caitlyn E. Henry, Peyton Kimmel, Angela Asirvatham Ph.D.

Student Research Poster Presentations 2022

Schwann cells (SCs) are the principal support cells of neurons in the peripheral nervous system, that both myelinate axons for the rapid conduction of electrical impulses as well as assist in axonal repair during nerve injury. During nerve injury, SCs secrete tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α)^1,5,6 and other proinflammatory mediators^1,6, attracting macrophages to the site of injury to induce inflammation and clear myelin debris.^1,6 Once the debris is cleared, the neuron stimulates SC proliferation by secreting neuronal mitogens, such as heregulin^3,4, and an unknown factor that activates the cAMP pathway³, an important …

Mapping Pulmonary Emboli With Varying Computed Tomography (Ct) Applications, Megan Lightner

Student Research Poster Presentations 2022

This project explains different computed tomography (CT) applications that aid in the detection of pulmonary emboli. Pulmonary emboli are blood-clots that form elsewhere in the body and travel to the heart and lungs, increasing the risk of blocked arteries. CT has become the primary tool in detecting pulmonary emboli and offers different applications to which iodine map technology can be applied. These applications include multidetector computed tomography (MDCT), dual-energy computed tomography angiography (DECTA), and subtraction CT. Iodine maps detect irregular blood flow induced by pulmonary emboli. Comparisons between iodine maps derived from the different CT applications are discussed. Iodine concentration …

Functional Mri Brain Scan, Miranda Bohn

Student Research Poster Presentations 2022

This project explains a functional MRI (fMRI) brain scan and the role magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can play in helping patients receive diagnoses and prepare for surgery. The purpose, contraindications, outcomes, methods, and common task performed are also discussed. A functional MRI records different areas of the brain that are active when the patient performs different tasks. Some of the different tasks that are done during task-based fMRI are sentence completion, finger tapping, verb generation and word generation. There are also times during the scan when the patient just lays still known as a resting-state fMRI. This brain scan has …

The Effect Of Creatine On Immortalized Schwann Cell Proliferation, Peyton Kimmel, Caitlyn Henry, Angela Asirvatham

Student Research Poster Presentations 2022

Creatine is an important component of the high-energy phosphate transfer to regulate cellular levels of ATP. The functions of creatine supplementation are well studied in the muscular and skeletal system, however the impact of creatine in the nervous system, specifically Schwann cells, is relatively unknown. Schwann cell growth in vitro is facilitated by heregulin, a neuron secreted growth factor, and forskolin, a pharmacological agent that activates cAMP. In peripheral nervous system injuries, recovery time is based around Schwann cell’s ability to proliferate and differentiate, and it is unknown what role creatine plays in this process. It was hypothesized that increasing …

Simulation Of An Inflammatory Model Using Schwann Cells, Caitlyn Henry, Peyton Kimmel, Angela Asirvatham

Student Research Poster Presentations 2022

During peripheral nerve injury, the myelin surrounding the neuronal axons is damaged, initiating an inflammatory response to remove myelin debris. Once myelin debris is cleared, Schwann cells acquire a proliferating phenotype which allows them to grow and divide so that remyelination can occur. The neuron stimulates Schwann cell division by secreting growth factors, like heregulin, and an unknown growth factor that activates the cAMP pathway. Although the role of cAMP in axonal regeneration is well-known, not much has been explored about its function in Schwann cells during nerve injury and inflammation. To simulate an inflammatory environment, the S16 Schwann cell …

Hdr Cylinder Treatment For Endometrial Cancer, Colette Southerton

Student Research Poster Presentations 2022

ABSTRACT

HDR Cylinder Treatment for Endometrial Cancer

Colette Southerton

Dr. Gina Capitano, Ed.D., R.T. (R)

Michael Niggli B.S., R.T. (R) (T)

Dale and Frances Hughes Cancer Center

Brachytherapy is a type of treatment in which radioactive material is place inside one’s body to treat cancer. High Dose Rate (HDR) Cylinder Treatment is an invasive type of brachytherapy that is commonly used to treat endometrial cancer. This treatment aims to reduce the risk of local recurrence of cancer by first placing a cylindrical applicator inside the patient’s vaginal canal. An Iridium-192 radioactive source is placed inside of the applicator at specific …

The Benefits Of Gender-Affirming Healthcare, Emily Lunny

Student Research Poster Presentations 2022

No abstract provided.