Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

A Rare Case Of Autoimmune Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein Astrocytopathy, A Dearden, J Doty, A Krishnan, J Fellows

Conference Presentation Abstracts

Purpose This is a 69-year-old male who presented with cognitive decline, hypophonia, dyspraxia, course tremor, myoclonic jerks, and gait dysfunction, all developing over 3-4 weeks. Initial head CT and MRI brain without contrast were negative. EEG demonstrated diffuse slowing. CSF analysis revealed elevated protein and elevated white blood cells (lymphocyte predominant). Given neurological worsening, MRI brain and cervical spine with contrast were performed and unique findings were identified, detailed below. The CSF autoimmune panel returned positive for Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP). The patient was started on steroids with rapid clinical improvement. Materials and Methods MRI brain with contrast 2 …

Neuroimaging Spectrum Of Compressive Non-Neoplastic Myelopathy, A Dearden, J Ghannam, A Wang, A Krishnan

Conference Presentation Abstracts

Purpose Compressive non-neoplastic spinal cord lesions represent a broad spectrum of neurologic disease processes contributing to back pain and neuropathy, including traumatic, inflammatory/infectious, degenerative, and metastatic etiologies. Compressive cord lesions are optimally evaluated with high-field strength magnet MRI with and without contrast. Differential diagnoses for cord lesions are inherently broad due to the nonspecific nature of increased intramedullary signal on T2-weighted images seen with many cord pathologies. However, differentiating features such as degree of cord expansion, enhancement characteristics, and extramedullary findings can provide additional information to refine the differential diagnosis. In this exhibit, we present representative cases of compressive non-neoplastic …

The Onus On The Conus: A Neuroimaging Spectrum Of Conus Medullaris Pathologies, A Dearden, J Ghannam, A Wang, A Krishnan

Conference Presentation Abstracts

Purpose The conus medullaris is the tapered, cone-shaped end of the distal thoracic spinal cord, normally terminating near the L1-2 intervertebral disc space. As a junction between the cord and the cauda equina nerve roots, the conus can present with common cord pathologies in atypical presentations, as well as present with unique, complex pathologies found nowhere else in the cord. The conus is optimally evaluated with MRI of the lumbar spine before and after the administration of contrast medium. Accurate diagnosis of lesions within the conus is complicated by the nonspecific nature of increased intramedullary signal on T2-weighted MRI imaging, …

Spontaneous Aneurysmal Subdural Hemorrhage: A Rare Entity, M Rizk, A Khan, J Ghannam, M Waheed

Conference Presentation Abstracts

Purpose 36-year-old female who presented to our emergency department for worsening headache and new onset left sided diplopia. Physical exam confirmed a left 3rd nerve palsy. A CT of the head was obtained which showed a subdural hemorrhage which ultimately resulted in coil embolization of a ruptured aneurysm. The patient tolerated the procedure well and was closely followed for vasospasm development with routine transcranial ultrasounds which were negative. Patient remained stable and reported resolution of her headache symptoms on discharge. However, she continued to have a left 3rd nerve palsy. Materials and Methods CT of the head was obtained which …

Effectiveness Of Mrna Vaccines Against Covid-19 Hospitalization By Age And Chronic Medical Conditions Burden Among Immunocompetent Us Adults, March-August 2021, Nathaniel M Lewis, Hilary M Babcock, Jennie H Kwon, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Vaccine effectiveness (VE) against COVID-19 hospitalization was evaluated among immunocompetent adults (≥18 years) during March-August 2021 using a case-control design. Among 1669 hospitalized COVID-19 cases (11% fully vaccinated) and 1950 RT-PCR-negative controls (54% fully vaccinated), VE was 96% (95% confidence interval [CI], 93%-98%) among patients with no chronic medical conditions and 83% (95% CI, 76%-88%) among patients with ≥ 3 categories of conditions. VE was similar between those aged 18-64 years versus ≥65 years (P > .05). VE against severe COVID-19 was very high among adults without chronic conditions and lessened with increasing comorbidity burden.

2022-05-15_Michiganoverview_Covidsymptoms, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services

Michigan COVID-19 Syndromic Surveillance System Data

The Syndromic Surveillance System Data report was obtained from Michigan's COVID-19 dashboard, from under the link "​Coronavirus Symptoms": https://www.michigan.gov/coronavirus/stats/coronavirus-symptoms. Data was compiled by the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services (MDHHS). The information was updated twice a week on Mondays and Thursdays.

Syndromic Surveillance System data is obtained from approximately 216 facilities participating in syndromic surveillance (139 Emergency Departments (ED), 77 Urgent Cares) across the State of Michigan. The reporting is based on individuals who present at EDs and may not be representative of the overall population. The coronavirus-like symptoms query searches visit free-text (chief complaint, triage notes, …

An Anti-Racist Introductory Seminar Outline To Combat The Interconnectedness Of Medical Racism And Maternal Morbidity And Mortality Rates Among Black Women In The United States., Alexandra Boatwright

Undergraduate Theses and Capstone Projects

Given the massive maternal morbidity and mortality crisis experienced by Black women in the United States, this thesis aims to combat one crucial aspect of this problem. Among the top eleven most developed countries in the world, the United States markedly surpasses them all as the leader in maternal mortality despite its leading advancements in biomedical technology. More specifically, the maternal mortality crisis disproportionately affects Black women in America as this population is much more likely to die of pregnancy-related causes than any other racial group in the United States. In response, researchers and organizations have published literature outlining their …

Cellular Automata: The Mathematical Theory Behind The Spread Of Covid-19 And Prediction Of Future Spread, Alison Drumheller

Undergraduate Theses and Capstone Projects

This thesis seeks to analyze the spread of the original COVID-19 strain and develop a mathematical model to predict the chances of being infected by this disease using a number of variables. This model is based on the mathematical theory of cellular automata, otherwise known as the theory of spread. The research uses real world data of COVID-19 which includes infection rate, death rate, vaccination rate, use of masks, and transmission rates. By using cellular automata, we predict that the more preventative measures an individual puts in place for themselves, the less likely they are to be infected by the …

Nsaid Use And Clinical Outcomes In Covid-19 Patients: A 38-Center Retrospective Cohort Study., Justin T Reese, Ben D Coleman, Lauren Chan, Hannah Blau, Tiffany J Callahan, Luca Cappelletti, Tommaso Fontana, Katie R Bradwell, Nomi L Harris, Elena Casiraghi, Giorgio Valentini, Guy Karlebach, Rachel Deer, Julie A Mcmurry, Melissa A Haendel, Christopher G Chute, Emily Pfaff, Richard Moffitt, Heidi Spratt, Jasvinder A Singh, Christopher J Mungall, Andrew E Williams, Peter N Robinson

Faculty Research 2022

BACKGROUND: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly used to reduce pain, fever, and inflammation but have been associated with complications in community-acquired pneumonia. Observations shortly after the start of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 suggested that ibuprofen was associated with an increased risk of adverse events in COVID-19 patients, but subsequent observational studies failed to demonstrate increased risk and in one case showed reduced risk associated with NSAID use.

METHODS: A 38-center retrospective cohort study was performed that leveraged the harmonized, high-granularity electronic health record data of the National COVID Cohort Collaborative. A propensity-matched cohort of 19,746 COVID-19 inpatients was …

An Open Access Resource For Functional Brain Connectivity From Fully Awake Marmosets, David J. Schaeffer, L Martyn Klassen, Yuki Hori, Xiaoguang Tian, Diego Szczupak, Cecil Chern-Chyi Yen, Justine C. Cléry, Kyle M. Gilbert, Joseph S. Gati, Ravi S. Menon, Cirong Liu, Stefan Everling, Afonso C. Silva

Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications

The common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) is quickly gaining traction as a premier neuroscientific model. However, considerable progress is still needed in understanding the functional and structural organization of the marmoset brain to rival that documented in longstanding preclinical model species, like mice, rats, and Old World primates. To accelerate such progress, we present the Marmoset Functional Brain Connectivity Resource (marmosetbrainconnectome.org), currently consisting of over 70 h of resting-state fMRI (RS-fMRI) data acquired at 500 µm isotropic resolution from 31 fully awake marmosets in a common stereotactic space. Three-dimensional functional connectivity (FC) maps for every cortical and subcortical gray matter voxel …

Acute Kidney Injury: Evaluating Risk Factors In Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Patients, Jennifer Tenley, Pamela Millin, Austyn Franklin

Nursing Masters Papers

Hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) patients are at risk to develop acute kidney injury during the transplant process. Acute kidney injury (AKI) can occur due to a multitude of insults related to nephrotoxic medications, hypoperfusion, and dehydration. Additionally, patients who present for HSCT may have risk factors that could pose an increased risk of developing AKI which include chronic kidney disease, hematologic disease, type of transplant, conditioning chemotherapy, and poor pretransplant renal testing. The purpose of this secondary analysis was to identify the contributing factors that may influence the development of AKI, understand the relationships between the variables, and identify …

Education For Patients And Caregivers To Reduce 30-Day Readmissions Into Acute Care, Tyler W. Taylor

Department of Occupational Therapy Entry-Level Capstone Projects

The purpose of this capstone project was to reduce 30-day readmissions of patients into the acute care setting by developing, enhancing, and implementing education materials for patients and their caregivers during occupational therapy treatment sessions. Patients who experience unplanned readmissions into acute care within 30 days are subjected to disruption in occupations, functional decline, occupational deprivation, and role strain and stress on caregivers and families. All patients with occupational therapy orders from a physician that matched certain criteria received this treatment. However, only readmission rates for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), heart failure (HF), pneumonia, and cerebrovascular accident …

An Observational Retrospective Study Of Adverse Events And Behavioral Outcomes During Pediatric Dental Sedation, Kawtar Zouaidi, Gregory Olson, Helen H Lee, Elsbeth Kalenderian, Muhammad F Walji

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine a university-based dental electronic health records (EHR) database to identify sedation-related adverse events (AEs) and assess patients' behavioral outcomes during routine pediatric dental sedations (PDSs) in a dental school clinic.

Methods: A database was screened for patients younger than 18 years old who had received dental sedation in 2019. The qualifying EHRs were then accessed and sedations were reviewed for AEs, which were categorized using a 12-point classification system and the Tracking and Reporting Outcomes of Procedural Sedation Tool. Patient behaviors were assessed using provider progress notes and categorized as presence/ …

Utilization Of The Nurse Practitioner Skillset In Partnership With The Medical Device Industry, Daniel C. Rowland

Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) Projects

BACKGROUND: Millions of nurse practitioners (NP), physician assistants (PA), and registered nurses (RN) are optimistic that their current employers will help them reach their full potential. One area that can add value to the hospital and empower employees to work to the full scope of their practice, and utilize the skillsets like that of an NP, is to train these providers to support medical device equipment in the operating room instead of relying on medical device representatives (MDRs) of medical device companies.

METHODS: Training NPs, PAs, or RNs how to support neurological medical device equipment will better utilize the skillset …

Reliability And Stability Challenges In Abcd Task Fmri Data, James T. Kennedy, Michael P. Harms, Ozlem Korucuoglu, Serguei V. Astafiev, Deanna M. Barch, Wesley K. Thompson, James M. Bjork, Andrey P. Anokhin

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Trait stability of measures is an essential requirement for individual differences research. Functional MRI has been increasingly used in studies that rely on the assumption of trait stability, such as attempts to relate task related brain activation to individual differences in behavior and psychopathology. However, recent research using adult samples has questioned the trait stability of task-fMRI measures, as assessed by test-retest correlations. To date, little is known about trait stability of task fMRI in children. Here, we examined within-session reliability and long-term stability of individual differences in task-fMRI measures using fMRI measures of brain activation provided by the adolescent …

The Associations Between Closeness To Residential Mother And Father During Adolescence And Young Adult Depressive Symptoms And The Corresponding Moderation Of Biological Sex, Mckenna Quinn Farley

Theses - ALL

Past research has suggested that adolescent parent-child relationships may have an impact on adolescent and young adult mental health. However, there are gaps in the previous research regarding relationships between these areas. The goal of the present study is to examine the relationship between an individual's closeness to their residential mother and father in adolescence and their depressive symptoms in young adulthood. The study also looks at how the biological sex of the individual moderates this relationship, and further examines if parental closeness has any significant role in the relationship on young adult depression above the effect of adolescent depression. …

Mental Health Service Use Disparities Among Latinx Communities: An Intersectional Examination Of The Role Of Skin Color, Acculturative Stress, Racial Discrimination, And Mental Health Literacy, Kirsis Allennys Dipre Montes De Oca

Dissertations - ALL

This study utilized logistic and hierarchical regression to examine the impact of skin color, acculturative stress, mental health literacy, and experiences of racial discrimination on the lifetime use of mental health services through an intersectional lens. More specifically, the current study examined the Latinx ethnic identity, US-born status, across the skin color spectrum to better understand mental health service use disparities. Participants' (n = 173) mental health service use was measured at two levels, first, the overall number of hours of sessions attended and second overall hours of sessions of specific types of mental health services attended. Results indicated skin …

Fibroblast Growth Factor 15/19 Expression, Regulation, And Function: An Overview, Greg Guthrie, Caitlin Vonderohe, Douglas Burrin

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Since the discovery of fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-19 over 20 years ago, our understanding of the peptide and its role in human biology has moved forward significantly. A member of a superfamily of paracrine growth factors regulating embryonic development, FGF19 is unique in that it is a dietary-responsive endocrine hormone linked with bile acid homeostasis, glucose and lipid metabolism, energy expenditure, and protein synthesis during the fed to fasted state. FGF19 achieves this through targeting multiple tissues and signaling pathways within those tissues. The diverse functional capabilities of FGF19 is due to the unique structural characteristics of the protein and …

Serving Queer And Trans Parent Families Through Research: A Conversation With Associate Editor Shain Wright, Shain L. Wright, Maika Yeigh

Northwest Journal of Teacher Education

Recently, NWJTE had the opportunity to sit down with Shain Wright, the Associate Editor of NWJTE and also doctoral candidate at Washington State University, in the Cultural Studies and Social Thought in Education program. Shain researches intersections between queer and trans families and social systems. Specifically, Shain explores the discursive erasure of queer and trans families in education, and familys’ resiliency, joy, and sense of community. With Shain’s work on the NWJTE, we wanted to showcase their cutting edge work and thought generating research that acknowledges and celebrates queer and trans parent families.

Assessing Provider Confidence Of Acute Otitis Media Diagnosis And Treatment With An Optical Coherence Tomography Device In The Urgent Care Setting, Meghan Weber, Susan Wolf

Doctor of Nursing Practice Projects

Acute otitis media (AOM) is one of the most common causes of pediatric infection worldwide at approximately 350 million visits per year, as well as one of the most challenging illnesses to diagnose for providers (Tong et al., 2018). This dilemma leads to antibiotics being inappropriately prescribed, at a rate of approximately 75% (Islam & Hassinger, 2018). This project sought to explore the impact of implementing an optical coherence tomography (OCT) device in an urgent care setting when assessing otalgia in patients 0 to 17 years of age. The three main objectives of the project were to increase provider confidence …

How To Survive The Apocalypse: Using Film, Television, And Video Games As Gateways To Self-Analysis, Braeden Raymer

Theses - ALL

This thesis serves as an investigation on the use of film, television, and video games as access points for personal analysis in imagined scenarios. When creating a fictional world, characters' motivations and behaviors are often based on real-life experiences. In the apocalypse genre, understanding how a character might behave in such an extreme circumstance can be difficult to predict, considering few have lived through comparable conditions. To supplement personal experiences and observations, a creator might use other stories as gateways to self-examination. The investigation begins in film, exploring how stories provide a viewer with new experiences that they can then …

Acute Response Of A Lower Extremity Mobility Routine On Arom, Sprint Time, And Vertical Jump Height In Flexible And Nonflexible Adults., Flinn Christian

Undergraduate Theses and Capstone Projects

Although previous studies have shown that stretching can increase range of motion and affect performance, the comparison of the effects on flexible and nonflexible adults is not clear. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine how flexible and nonflexible adults responded to a lower extremity mobility routine focusing on the hip and ankle joints. A randomized treatment experimental design was used in which subjects had their hip and ankle ranges of motion, lower body flexibility, countermovement vertical jump, and sprint performance assessed. They were then randomly assigned to one of two treatment orders for hip (n=9) or ankle …

Using Small Molecules To Combat Staph Infections, Anthony Ferris

Undergraduate Theses and Capstone Projects

No abstract provided.

Attitudes Toward Obesity In Undergraduate And Graduate Students Intending To Enter The Healthcare Field, Sloane E. Kelly

Undergraduate Theses and Capstone Projects

Weight bias is defined as negative weight-related attitudes toward an overweight or obese individual. Healthcare workers have the potential to exacerbate the prevalence of weight bias in American society. Harboring weight bias negatively influences providers’ thoughts and decision-making abilities, which can negatively impact their patient care. Consequently, patients experience a lower quality visit that decreases overall patient satisfaction and health improvement outcomes. Previous studies suggested viewing obesity as a disease lowers weight bias within providers. This study used a pre-test/post-test quasi-experimental design that examines the effect of perceiving obesity as a chronic disease on weight bias in undergraduate and graduate …

When Helping Becomes Hurting: Compassion Fatigue In Pediatric Nurses, Annabelle Nagy

Undergraduate Theses and Capstone Projects

Compassion fatigue is prevalent in all nursing settings; however, it is particularly important to consider in pediatric nursing because of the unique aspects of this nursing speciality. Compassion fatigue, comprised of burnout and secondary traumatic stress, is a risk to pediatric patients due to the nurse’s inability to care adequately secondary to the overwhelming feelings of physical and mental exhaustion contributing to nursing attrition and inadequate nurse-to-patient ratios. This thesis applies Jean Watson’s Theory of Human Caring to study the problem of compassion fatigue in pediatric nursing. Compassion fatigue must be recognized and managed, and the necessary interventions employed to …

Humanizing The Intensive Care Unit With Animal-Assisted Therapy, Amanda Pugh

Undergraduate Theses and Capstone Projects

This project serves as an exploration into the current research about animal-assisted therapy in the intensive care unit (ICU) population. Incorporating more holistic treatments into the healthcare field improves patient experiences and encourages patients to have an active role in their recovery journeys. Treating both the physical and emotional needs of patients is valuable to nurses because it helps them to better view patients with unique human dignity, improve the quality of care they perform, and make the healthcare system more centered around the patient as a whole. Patients in intensive care units are more susceptible to developing health complications …

Salience Coding In The Basal Forebrain And The Heterogeneous Underpinnings Underlying Novelty Computations, Kaining Zhang

McKelvey School of Engineering Graduate Student Theses & Dissertations

Humans and animals are consistently learning from the environment by interacting with it and getting feedback from their actions. In the environment, some objects are more important than others, because they are associated with reward, uncertainty, surprise, or novelty etc. These objects are salient to the animal. Salient objects attract attention and orientation, increase arousal, facilitate learning and memory, and affect reinforcement learning and credit assignment. However, the neural basis to support these effects is still not fully understood.We first studied how the basal forebrain, one of the principal sources of modulation of the neocortex, encodes salience events. We found …

Motivation, Daily Physical Activity Participation, And Depression Post-Stroke, Chun Lun Lau

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

Self-management is an important concept in stroke rehabilitation and has received increased recognition for its effectiveness in preventing stroke recurrence and post-stroke depression. Among different self-management strategies, staying physically active is purported to be most helpful by patients in their day-to-day management of depression. However, stroke survivors are largely sedentary and only 17% meet the recommended level of physical activity. Motivation is a strong, frequently reported, but far less studied facilitator for post-stroke physical activity participation. The purpose of this dissertation was to gather needed information to develop a mobile motivation-based self-management intervention to enhance daily physical activity participation and …

Let Them Play: A Prospective Study Of Postoperative Activity Restrictions In Children, Rachel Harvey, Diane Studzinsk, Angela England, Robert Morden, Nathan M. Novotny, Anthony Stallion, Begum Akay

Conference Presentation Abstracts

No abstract provided.

Identifying Contextual And Structural Factors Contributing To Organizational Sustainability In Pediatric Healthcare, Sara Malone

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

Every year, millions of children seek health care for acute and emergent needs. However, evidence-based care is not currently delivered to every child. Even when teams implement care discoveries designed to improve outcomes, they are often not sustained over time. All children should receive care that is in accord with current evidence-based guidelines, and those evidence-based practices must be effectively maintained over time. It is imperative to understand how to sustain care improvements in the clinical setting. Sustainability capacity allows us to understand the organizational factors that ensure care delivery over time. While there has been an increased focus on …