Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Abuzimi Me Substanca Psikotrope-Droga Dhe Alkooli Te Personat Mbi Moshë 20 Vjeqare, Urata Kollari

Theses and Dissertations

Sipas Raportit Kombëtar për Kosovën (2014) në mbarë botën, përdorimi i drogës dhe substancave të tjera psikotropike dhe psikoaktive paraqet një kërcënim serioz në shëndetin dhe zhvillimin shoqëroro-ekonomik të një komuniteti, veçanërsisht duke vënë më të rinjtë në shënjestër. Qëllimi i këtij studimi është të shohim më shumë rreth abuzimit të substancave subtropike-droga dhe alkooli dhe ndikimin e këtyre substamcave tek personat mbi moshenë 20 vjeçare. Studimi është realizuar gjatë muajit Gusht ku për shkak të pandemisë të krijuar nga COVID 19 pyetësori është shpërndarë në mënyrë elektronike në rrjetin social Facebook. Gjithsej në këtë studim ishin 85 pjesëmarrës

Të …

Stakeholders’ Expectations Of Graduates Of A Work-Study Nursing Upskilling Programme In East Africa, Sharon Brownie, Samwel Gatimu, Isabel Kambo, Joseph Mwizerwa, Eunice Ndirangu

School of Nursing & Midwifery, East Africa

Sound alignment of stakeholders’ expectations and graduate ability forms the reputational hallmark of a university’s education programmes. However, little is currently known about stakeholders’ expectations of graduates of work-study nursing upskilling programmes in low- and middle-income settings. Information is needed to ensure the quality and adequacy of curricula in such settings. The main aim of the current study was to explore the nursing stakeholders’ expectations of graduates of work-study nursing upskilling programmes. An exploratory qualitative study was conducted between March and October 2016 in three low- and middle-income countries in East Africa. Forty-two representatives of nursing employers, regulators and professional …

Caring For Vulnerable Populations During A Pandemic: Literature Review, Jennifer L. Marsh, Marilyn O'Mallon, Steven Stockdale, Danita R. Potter

Nursing Faculty Publications and Presentations

Vulnerable populations account for a substantial proportion of the United States population. The current COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the elderly and those with underlying health issues as having the highest risk of mortality. This literature review utilizes a matrix approach to explore the challenges to providing care for the vulnerable elderly, those with underlying health issues, with disabilities, with low income or homelessness, and those with mental health concerns in these extreme times. Appropriate care for vulnerable populations in times of crisis requires focus and planning in critical areas. This article discusses the critical areas of communications and trust, policies …

Guidance For Contemporary Use Of Biologics In Management Of Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps: Discussion From A National Institutes Of Health-Sponsored Workshop, Lauren T Roland, Timothy L Smith, Rodney J Schlosser, Zachary M Soler, Anju T Peters, Tanya M Laidlaw, Benjamin S Bleier, Vijay Ramakrishnan, Elina Toskala, David W Kennedy, Amber U Luong

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Biologic medications are emerging as options for treating chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). Several questions remain regarding patient selection, indications, clinical efficacy, and cost effectiveness.

METHODS: In November 2019, a group of physicians and scientists gathered to consider strategies for future studies regarding biologics. During the discussion, gaps in knowledge highlighted a need for a consensus on the present day use of biologics in polyp patients.

RESULTS: The goal of this guideline is to propose recommendations for the current use of biologics in CRSwNP as new evidence continues to emerge and inform practice.

CONCLUSION: We suggest that physicians …

Impact Of Humanities And Social Sciences Curriculum In An Undergraduate Medical Education Programme, Kulsoom Ghias, Kausar S. Khan, Rukhsana Ali, Shireen Azfar, Rashida Ahmed

Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences

Objective: To evaluate the impact of humanities and social sciences curriculum in an undergraduate medical education programme.
Methods: The qualitative study was conducted from May 2016 to May 2017 at a private medical college in Karachi where humanities and social sciences subject is an art of the undergraduate curriculum as a 6-week module at the start of Year 1 of the five-year programme. Focus group discussions were held with students from all the five years as well as with faculty related to humanities and social sciences, basic sciences and their clinical counterparts. The views of alumni of the undergraduate programme …

Brucellosis In Pakistan: A Neglected Zoonotic Disease, Meesha Iqbal, Zafar Fatmi, Mumtaz Ali Khan

Community Health Sciences

Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease; endemic but neglected in the South Asian countries including Pakistan. It causes economic loss to the livestock sector and leads to systemic infection in humans. Brucellosis was neglected in Pakistan since long. According to the Staged Tool for the Elimination of Brucellosis (STEB), Pakistan carries a grim landscape of the disease with no structured control activities. This article describes the five-year national brucellosis control strategic plan (2018-2023) formulated by the government of Pakistan using the one-health approach for the prevention and control of disease across the country. The plan incorporates components of surveillance, research, diagnostic …

What Will It Take To Implement Health And Health-Related Sustainable Development Goals?, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta, Sameen Siddiqi, Wafa Aftab, Fahad Javaid Siddiqui, Luis Huicho, Roman Mogilevskii, Qamar Mahmood, Peter Friberg, Fawad Akbari

Woman and Child Health

No abstract provided.

Foundations Of An Outpatient Antibiotic Stewardship Program, Brian Stello Md, Eric T. Young Md, Jarrod W. Kile Rphd, Timothy J. Friel Md, Grant M. Greenberg M.D., M.H.S.A., M.A., Tibisay Villalobos Md, Kristin M. Held-Wheatley Pharmd, Bcop, Katarzyna Jabbour Pharmd, Bcps, Kathryn Zaffiri Mph

Department of Family Medicine

No abstract provided.

Biomanufacturing Organized Collagen-Based Microfibers As A Tissue Engineered Device (Tend) For Tendon Regeneration, Yas Maghdouri-White, Nardos Sori, Stella Petrova, Hilary Wriggers, Nathan Kemper, Amrita Dasgupta, Kelly Coughenour, Seth Polk, Nick Thayer, Mario Rodriguez, Bill Simon, Anna Bulysheva, Kevin Bonner,, Steven Arnoczky, Samuel Adams, Michael Francis

Bioelectrics Publications

Approximately 800,000 surgical repairs are performed annually in the U.S. for debilitating injuries to ligaments and tendons of the foot, ankle, knee, wrist, elbow and shoulder, presenting a significant healthcare burden. To overcome current treatment shortcomings and advance the treatment of tendon and ligament injuries, we have developed a novel electrospun Tissue ENgineered Device (TEND), comprised of type I collagen and poly(D,L-lactide) (PDLLA) solubilized in a benign solvent, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). TEND fiber alignment, diameter and porosity were engineered to enhance cell infiltration leading to promote tissue integration and functional remodeling while providing biomechanical stability. TEND rapidly adsorbs …

Mapping Geographical Inequalities In Access To Drinking Water And Sanitation Facilities In Low-Income And Middle-Income Countries, 2000–17, Aniruddha Deshpande, Robert C. Reiner Jr, Veincent Christian F. Pepito, Arianna Maever L. Amit, Local Burden Of Disease Wash Collaborators, 665 Co-Authors

Ateneo School of Medicine and Public Health Publications

Background

Universal access to safe drinking water and sanitation facilities is an essential human right, recognised in the Sustainable Development Goals as crucial for preventing disease and improving human wellbeing. Comprehensive, high-resolution estimates are important to inform progress towards achieving this goal. We aimed to produce high-resolution geospatial estimates of access to drinking water and sanitation facilities.

Methods

We used a Bayesian geostatistical model and data from 600 sources across more than 88 low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) to estimate access to drinking water and sanitation facilities on continuous continent-wide surfaces from 2000 to 2017, and aggregated results to policy-relevant …

Racial Disparities In Air Pollution Burden And Covid-19 Deaths In Louisiana, Usa, In The Context Of Long-Term Changes In Fine Particulate Pollution, Kimberly A. Terrell, Wesley James

Faculty Publications

Black Americans in Louisiana are disproportionately dying from COVID-19, and environmental disparities may be contributing to this injustice. While Black communities in Louisiana's industrialized regions (e.g., Cancer Alley, Calcasieu Parish) have been overburdened with pollution for decades, this disparity has not been evaluated by using recent data. Here, we explore statewide relationships among air pollution burden, race, COVID-19 death rates, and other health/socioeconomic factors. Measures of pollution burden included satellite-derived particulate matter (PM2.5) concentrations and health risks from toxic air pollution (i.e., respiratory hazard [RH] and immunological hazard [IH], estimated by the Environmental Protection Agency). In addition, we evaluate changes …

Trainer Appropriation And Transfer Of A New Prevention Approach In Material Handling Based On Action Principles, Denys Denis, Maud Gonella, Marie Comeau, Martin Lauzier

Rapports de recherche scientifique

Mise en contexte et objectif

Prenant acte du constat d’échec des formations à la manutention axées sur l’enseignement exclusif de la technique sécuritaire « dos droit – genoux fléchis », une nouvelle approche d’intervention dite « stratégie intégrée de prévention en manutention » (SIPM) a été proposée en 2011. Son originalité repose, entre autres, sur l’utilisation de neuf principes d’action permettant de comprendre et de commenter la richesse des techniques de manutention utilisées naturellement par les manutentionnaires dans leur milieu de travail. L’étude a pour objectif central d’évaluer l’appropriation et le transfert de la SIPM par un groupe d’intervenants formés …

The Scoop, Vol. 7 Issue 6, September 2020, Health Sciences Library

Volume 7

Latest news and updates from the Health Sciences Library in our monthly newsletter for September 2020.

Nonrecurrent Early Post-Transplantation Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis., Momina M Ahmed, Massini A Merzkani, Matthew R D'Costa, Muhannad A Leghrouz, Mary E Fidler, Haraldur Bjarnason, Patrick G Dean, Fernando C Fervenza, Sanjit Reddy, Hatem Amer

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

No abstract provided.

Correction To: Medical Neglect As A Contributor To Poorly Controlled Asthma In Childhood., Barbara L Knox, Francois M Luyet, Debra Esernio-Jenssen

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1007/s40653-019-00290-0.].

Dean's Update, September 2020, Jerry L. Nadler

SOM Dean's Research Newsletter

No abstract provided.

An Intersectional Mixed Methods Approach To Understand American Indian Men’S Health, Ka‘Imi Sinclair, Kelly L. Gonzales, Claire Woosley, Tish Rivera Cree, Celina M. Garza, Dedra Buchwald

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

This study used a parallel, convergent, mixed-methods design with TribalCrit theory and intersectionality as analytical frameworks to identify how the identities of American Indian men intersect with broader structures and systems in shaping their eating and physical activity choices and behaviors, and in eliciting recommendations for a men’s lifestyle intervention. American Indian men were recruited in Minneapolis, Minnesota, and Portland, Oregon, between March and December 2017, and in Phoenix, Arizona, in December 2019 to participate in a survey and focus groups. The survey included questions on demographics and physical and cultural activities men engage in, perceived social support for lifestyle …

Four-Week Foundational Mindfulness Curriculum For Small Businesses, Madeleine Pizey

Mindfulness Studies Theses

Abstract

This creative thesis is for trained mindfulness instructors and facilitators to offer small businesses a curriculum to reduce burnout among their employees and strengthen their inner-resilience through a four-week mindfulness training in the workplace or virtually. This thesis contains a rationale paper which includes a literature review. The focus of this thesis is on offering a four-week foundational mindfulness training for small businesses of twenty-five or fewer employees. It will include the purpose of having this type of training and how it will be of service, the benefits of this type of training, the current epidemic of burnout occurring …

The Case For Coordinating Efforts To Establish Program Guidelines And Strengthen Physiology Undergraduate Degree Programs, Erica A. Wehrwein, Lisa C. Anderson, Anne R. Crecelius, Claudia I. Stanescu, James M. Poteracki, John R. Halliwill, Nancy M. Aguilar-Roca, Jennifer Rogers

Health and Sport Science Faculty Publications

Undergraduate degree programs named “Physiology” have existed for over 50 yr. The number of programs and enrolled students have been growing since ~2005 (5, 9). There are many thousands of students currently enrolled in physiology pro- grams across the United States and indeed across the world. Despite the long history and current popularity of the physiol- ogy major, there is no coordinated plan articulated for the design, administration, or assessment of degree programs in physiology at the undergraduate level.

Although several professional societies have invested in under- graduate physiology education in various ways, none has under- taken the task of …

Maternal And Perinatal Outcomes In Women With Eclampsia By Mode Of Delivery At Riley Mother Baby Hospital: A Longitudinal Case-Series Study, Philippe Amubuomombe Poli, Koech Irene, Richard Mogeni, Ann Mwangi, Andrew Cheruiyot, Elkanah Omenge

Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa

Background: Eclampsia, considered a serious complication of preeclampsia, remains a life-threatening condition among pregnant women. It accounts for 12% of maternal deaths and 16–31% of perinatal deaths worldwide. Most deaths from eclampsia occurred in resource-limited settings of sub-Saharan Africa. This study was performed to determine the optimum mode of delivery, as well as factors associated with the mode of delivery, in women admitted with eclampsia at Riley Mother and Baby Hospital.

Methods: This was a hospital-based longitudinal case-series study conducted at the largest and busiest obstetric unit of the tertiary hospital of western Kenya. Maternal and perinatal variables, such as …

Aluminum Reproductive Toxicity: A Summary And Interpretation Of Scientific Reports, Robert A. Yokel

Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

Publications addressing aluminum (Al)-induced reproductive toxicity were reviewed. Key details were compiled in summary tables. Approximate systemic Al exposure, a measure of bioavailability, was calculated for each exposure, based on the Al percentage in the dosed Al species, Al bioavailability, and absorption time course reports for the exposure route. This was limited to laboratory animal studies because no controlled-exposure human studies were found. Intended Al exposure was compared to unintended dietary Al exposure. The considerable and variable Al content of laboratory animal diets creates uncertainty about reproductive function in the absence of Al. Aluminum-induced reproductive toxicity in female mice and …

Methods For Using Nhanes For Exposure Estimates, Heather R. Campbell, Robert A. Lodder

Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) is a scheme of studies with the objective of measuring the health and nutritional status of adults and children in the United States. The survey is unique in that it has a clinical component (NCT00005154), and combines interviews and physical examinations into its data sets. NHANES is an important program of the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS). NCHS is a unit of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and has the responsibility for producing vital and health statistics for the United States. Data from the NHANES studies …

Covid-19 Welcome To University, Alan Hilliard

Reports

A short survey was undertaken among the Peer Mentor candidates in TU Dublin’s Bolton St. Campus. The Peer Mentors are second year students from eleven different courses and this initiative prides itself in being embedded in specific courses across the College of Engineering and Built Environment and other colleges across the University. During the academic year the mentors give inputs based on the unique challenges within the course that the first years have registered for. The results, while predictable, reveal challenges facing all involved in Third Level Education during the unique challenges of the Covid-19 pandemic.

'This is an important …

It's The Little Things: A Community Resource For Strengthening Social Connections, Caitlin Coyle, Shayna Gleason, Cindy Bui

Center for Social and Demographic Research on Aging Publications

Now, more than ever, it is imperative that we prioritize connection for ourselves and the people around us. The global COVID-19 pandemic and the national reckoning with systemic racism has made people more aware and appreciative of their relationships and has made some painfully aware of how distant and disconnected they are. While the evidence is clear that social isolation is bad for health and well-being, the evidence base of solutions is far less so. Thus, this report sought to harness the energy, creativity, and progressive thinking of cities and towns in Massachusetts by documenting their efforts to keep people …

Building Implementation Science In Nutrition, Andrea M. Warren, Edward A. Frongillo Jr., Rahul Rawat

Faculty Publications

The field of nutrition has been investing in the development of many nutrition-specific and -sensitive policies and programs aimed at improving population-level malnutrition in all its forms. When there is a need to learn about a new system, programmatic context, or target population to understand how to effectively deploy an intervention to help improve nutrition, it is important to be able to ask a broad range of questions, both in topic and in scope. Our aim is to provide a simple and conceptually clear definition and principles to elaborate the science of implementation for nutrition to distinguish it from other …

Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion And The Effects Of Physical Therapy In The Skilled Nursing Facility: A Case Study, Delany Faiman

Physical Therapy Scholarly Projects

Background and Purpose: Stroke is the leading cause of disability and fifth leading cause of death among adults in the Unites States. This case study evaluates the effectiveness of inpatient physical therapy following a right middle cerebral artery occlusion and the outcomes throughout the weeks of treatment.

Case Description: The patient was an 80-year-old male who received physical therapy within the hospital for six days before he was referred to a skilled nursing facility. The patient completed four total weeks of skilled physical therapy in the nursing home prior to discharge.

Intervention: The therapy provided to the …

Developing Interagency Collaboration To Address The Opioid Epidemic: A Scoping Review Of Joint Criminal Justice And Healthcare Initiatives, Andrea J Yatsco, Tiffany Champagne-Langabeer, Travis F Holder, Angela L Stotts, James R Langabeer

Library Staff Publications

BACKGROUND: With the current opioid epidemic impacting well over half of all counties across the United States, initiatives that encourage interagency collaboration between first responder organizations appear necessary to comprehensively address this crisis. Police, fire, and emergency medical services (EMS) are in a unique position to identify substance users and provide necessary resources to initiate treatment, yet there is not sufficient evidence of joint collaborative programs between law enforcement/first responders and healthcare providers.

METHODS: In this scoping review we examine the current state of joint criminal justice and healthcare interventions, specifically, opioid and substance use pre-arrest initiatives via emergency first …

Pseudo-Methemoglobinemia Induced By Phenazopyridine, A Diagnostic Challenge, John W. Fanta, Susan E. Fanta

Aesculapius Journal (Health Sciences & Medicine)

A 58 y/o female presented to her clinician with perioral and nailbed cyanosis. She denied any cardiopulmonary symptoms. She had been taking phenazopyridine daily for dysuria over the past two weeks. Pulse oximetry showed a saturation of 84% on room air. Basic laboratory analysis was unrevealing, and blood gas was normal, but methemoglobin (MetHb) levels were markedly elevated on CO-oximetry. Phenazopyridine was stopped, methylene blue therapy was initiated, and the patient was admitted for observation. Despite this intervention her reported levels of MetHb remained high. The patient remained asymptomatic and a blood specimen sent to a larger healthcare system showed …

Health Insurance Coverage In The Gulf Coast States After Affordable Care Act By Rural And Urban Area Between 2009 And 2017, Hosik Min, Kenneth Hudson

Florida Public Health Review

Background: Although health insurance coverage for adults in each of the Gulf Coast States and the rest of the country increased after implementing the Affordable Care Act, the coverage rates in the Gulf Coast region remained lower to rural residents, compared to those in the rest of the Nation. Purpose: This study aimed to update the changes of health insurance coverage in all states and the Gulf Coast states, confirm the significance of the health policy on insurance coverage by analyzing Louisiana, and examine the relationships between socio-demographic variables and rural/urban area by using interaction variables. Methods: …

Improving Reproductive Health And Family Planning Outcomes Among Out-Of-School Adolescents And Youth In The Philippines, Breakthrough Research, De La Salle University

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

Breakthrough RESEARCH, in collaboration with De La Salle University’s Social Development Research Center (DLSU-SDRC) in Manila, conducted a targeted qualitative research study to facilitate social and behavior change approaches for out-of-school ages 15 to 19 for positive reproductive health and family planning behavior change. Research in three regions of the Philippines generated evidence for the design of intervention approaches to be most effective for four priority behaviors: delay of sexual debut, use of modern contraceptive methods, care-seeking in the first trimester for pregnant youth, and birth spacing of three to five years to prevent short birth intervals.