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2020

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Articles 18901 - 18930 of 20660

Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences

Bond Of Resin Cements Through Three Ceramics At Varying Thickness, Po-Hsu Chen Jan 2020

Bond Of Resin Cements Through Three Ceramics At Varying Thickness, Po-Hsu Chen

All ETDs from UAB

The purpose of this study was to determine the bond strength of a light cured resin when cured through 3 different types of dental ceramics (traditional zirconia with 3 mol% yttria, translucent zirconia with 5 mol% yttria, and lithium disilicate) at 2 different thicknesses. A total of 135 specimens were prepared from traditional zirconia (IPS e.max ZirCAD LT, Ivoclar Vivadent, Liechtenstein), translucent zirconia (IPS e.max ZirCAD MT, Ivoclar Vivadent, Liechtenstein), and lithium disilicate (IPS e.max CAD LT, Ivoclar Vivadent, Liechtenstein) into a plate shape, but in different thicknesses (1mm and 1.5mm). Ceramic buttons were fabricated by pressed lithium disilicate (IPS …

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Contribution Of Adaptive Immune Responses In Chronic Lung Diseases, Thi Kim Tran-Nguyen Jan 2020

Contribution Of Adaptive Immune Responses In Chronic Lung Diseases, Thi Kim Tran-Nguyen

All ETDs from UAB

Immune dysregulation is a hallmark of various chronic lung diseases such as Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases (COPD) and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF). Previous studies in our lab have shown evidences of autoimmunity such as increases in autoantibodies, abnormal T cell profile, immune complex deposition and the presence of ectopic lymphoid structures in the lung of these patients. This thesis consolidates two separate projects about various aberrant immune responses in these diseases. The first project identified Glucose-Regulated-Protein 78 (GRP78) as the common autoantigen in COPD and characterized how GRP78 autoantibodies may increase COPD mortality via its atherogenic effects. I demonstrated that …

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Understanding Financial Hardship In Women With Breast Cancer, Courtney Williams Jan 2020

Understanding Financial Hardship In Women With Breast Cancer, Courtney Williams

All ETDs from UAB

Individuals with cancer are at risk of material, psychological, and behavioral financial hardship due to costly new treatments, increasing time on treatment, and longer survival. Breast cancer is an ideal environment to study financial hardship. Treatment options for metastatic breast cancer are heterogeneous due to differences in patient characteristics, disease biology, and because it has the largest number of treatment options of any metastatic cancer. In early stage breast cancer, treatment options include multimodality treatments, including surgery, radiation, and medical therapy (chemotherapy, hormone therapy, targeted therapy), with the choice for each modality being dependent on the other modality decisions. Despite …

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Prevalence And Types Of Incivility In Occupational Therapy Fieldwork, Deborah J. Bolding, Travis Dudley, Adrienne Dahlmeier, Lauren Bland, Aimee Castro, Adrianna Covarrubias Jan 2020

Prevalence And Types Of Incivility In Occupational Therapy Fieldwork, Deborah J. Bolding, Travis Dudley, Adrienne Dahlmeier, Lauren Bland, Aimee Castro, Adrianna Covarrubias

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Civility between health professions students and fieldwork educators enhances positive learning outcomes, while incivility can lead to stress, loss of confidence, mistakes, disengagement, and decreased patient outcomes. A survey of recent graduates of occupational therapy programs (N = 247) explored the prevalence and types of incivility and bullying experienced during their Level II fieldwork experiences. Respondents reported that incivility in fieldwork education was widespread, with more severe experiences of bullying reported by 16% of respondents. Occupational therapy programs and fieldwork educators must take an active role in prevention and management of uncivil behaviors, and promote positive academic and patient care …

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Assessment Of Emergency Department High Utilizer Program In Public Health System Setting, Michael Malaise Jan 2020

Assessment Of Emergency Department High Utilizer Program In Public Health System Setting, Michael Malaise

All ETDs from UAB

is study examined whether a case management model designed to reduce emergency department utilization among patients described as super-utilizers in a public health system could also reduce the per patient cost of those super-utilizers. The setting for this study was a large public health system in a major metropolitan area. The study focused on a low-income, urban population. Given the program’s stated desire to improve the self-efficacy of patients over time so that they could take more ownership of their own health status, this study reviewed the program within the framework of self-efficacy theory. This research predicted that the case …

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Impact Of Ncqa Pcmh-Level On Low Income Diabetics In Louisiana, Michael G. Griffin Jan 2020

Impact Of Ncqa Pcmh-Level On Low Income Diabetics In Louisiana, Michael G. Griffin

All ETDs from UAB

While past studies have examined the relationship between safety-net provider sites that are certified as Patient Centered Medical Homes (PCMH) and quality health care outcomes, no previous studies have evaluated the relationship between NCQA PCMH certification levels at primary care sites and quality health care outcomes. NCQA is the largest national certification program for PCMH, and for 10 years was the only national program that offered a tiered level of certification based on provider level of patient engagement and deployed resources. The Donabedian Model, which focuses on structure, process, and outcomes, was used to develop the theoretical framework to address …

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Hospital Charge And Ricing Transparency, Kunal N. Patel Jan 2020

Hospital Charge And Ricing Transparency, Kunal N. Patel

All ETDs from UAB

Hospital pricing is not uniformly disclosed to patients up-front before the delivery of healthcare. Moreover, pricing is not commonly understood by consumers and researchers, because the information was largely unavailable due to the lack of a federal policy mandate to make the information publicly available up until recently. The federal government instituted a series of regulations that initially began to take effect in 2019 in order to increase hospital pricing transparency with the aim of bending the healthcare cost curve. In this dissertation, hospital response, hospital standard charge variation, and healthcare management and policy expert opinion surrounding the implementation of …

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Effect Of Patient-Level Characteristics On Fluoroquinolone Susceptibility, Jeffrey Alan Franks Jan 2020

Effect Of Patient-Level Characteristics On Fluoroquinolone Susceptibility, Jeffrey Alan Franks

All ETDs from UAB

Antimicrobial stewardship programs are becoming more widespread to combat antibiotic resistance. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of patient-level characteristics on fluoroquinolone susceptibly among five gram-negative isolates to help better their implementation. We performed a retrospective analysis of patients over the age of 18 for five gram-negative isolates (Acinetobacter species, Enterobacter cloacae, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa). We utilized Cox proportional hazards to determine the risk of patient-level characteristics, for both hospital and community-acquired infections, on fluoroquinolone resistance between 2016 and 2019. The population sample consisted of 8,285 patients receiving fluoroquinolones for at least one of the …

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Locus Coeruleus Degeneration In Alzheimer’S Disease And Its Effect On Beta-Adrenergic Signaling In The Hippocampus, Bethany Langner Jan 2020

Locus Coeruleus Degeneration In Alzheimer’S Disease And Its Effect On Beta-Adrenergic Signaling In The Hippocampus, Bethany Langner

All ETDs from UAB

Locus coeruleus (LC) degeneration in Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) and loss of noradrenergic (NA) innervation in hippocampus contributes to learning and memory deficits. Recently, a novel rat model (TgF344-AD) has been created that allows for a more thorough investigation into these mechanisms due to its similarity to human AD pathology. The McMahon lab has recently demonstrated heightened long-term potentiation (LTP) and a ‘supersensitivity’ of -adrenergic receptors (-ARs) at excitatory synapses in the dentate gyrus (DG) in TgF344-AD rats. These mechanisms could be responsible for maintaining learning and memory during buildup of AD pathology. The first goal of this Master’s thesis was …

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Impact Of Different Human Coronaviruses (Hcovs) On Pediatric Patients At A Tertiary Pediatric Hospital – Retrospective Study, Abdulsalam Alsulami Jan 2020

Impact Of Different Human Coronaviruses (Hcovs) On Pediatric Patients At A Tertiary Pediatric Hospital – Retrospective Study, Abdulsalam Alsulami

All ETDs from UAB

Background: Human Coronaviruses (HCoV) are important pathogens associated with respiratory disease in humans and animals. The majority of HCoVs are emerging human pathogens with 7 known types causing human disease and 5 being identified in the last 2 decades. Methods: We performed a retrospective review of all encounters with known HCoV at a tertiary pediatric hospital from January 2015 until January 2018. Electronic medical records (EMRs) were reviewed for demographic data, HCoV type, viral copathogens, time to testing, admission, need for increased intensity of care (HLC), requirement for supplemental oxygen, radiographic findings suggestive lower respiratory tract disease (LRT) when available …

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The Role Of Neutrophils In Chronic Heart Failure, Sergey Antipenko Jan 2020

The Role Of Neutrophils In Chronic Heart Failure, Sergey Antipenko

All ETDs from UAB

Acute myocardial infarction (MI) produces massive, sudden cardiomyocyte death, triggering an inflammatory and healing response that initially leads to scar formation and ultimately may induce progressive ischemic cardiomyopathy and heart failure (HF). Scar formation and left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy occur in response to MI to stabilize injury compensating for lost myocardial function. Over time, heart function can become decompensated due to neuroendocrine dysfunction and adverse LV remodeling, ultimately leading to HF. Adverse remodeling is characterized by continued dysregulated collagen deposition, cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, and increased inflammation. Studies have documented a resurgence in inflammatory cytokines and infiltrating leukocytes after resolution of the …

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Molecular Regulation Of Glioblastoma Spatial Heterogeneity And Therapeutic Resistance, Soniya Bastola Jan 2020

Molecular Regulation Of Glioblastoma Spatial Heterogeneity And Therapeutic Resistance, Soniya Bastola

All ETDs from UAB

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a highly invasive, highly vascularized, and heterogeneous malignant tumor of the brain. Due to the highly infiltrative phenotype of GBM, surgery often leaves behind residual tumor cells. In many cases, recurrence occurs close to the surgical margin suggesting the role of these remaining cells in promoting tumor aggressiveness. Rapidly growing tumor creates subsequent hypoxic, and hypovascular core due to limited nutrients, whereas tumor cells in the leading edge have access to nutrients from vasculature enriched microenvironment. Studies have identified the cellular and molecular heterogeneity between the tumors in core and edge. Still, their mechanisms of intercellular …

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Tau-Dependent Regulation Of Network Hyperexcitability By Alzheimer’S Disease Risk Gene Bin1, Yuliya Voskobiynyk Jan 2020

Tau-Dependent Regulation Of Network Hyperexcitability By Alzheimer’S Disease Risk Gene Bin1, Yuliya Voskobiynyk

All ETDs from UAB

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the leading neurodegenerative disorder that affects an astonishing 5.8 million Americans, a number projected to reach 14 million by the year 2050. While only about 1% of all AD cases are caused by mutations in APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2, the cause of sporadic AD remains unknown. Variations in several risk genes have been proposed to contribute to the development of sporadic AD cases. Since, currently, there are no disease-modifying therapies for families affected by AD and multiple anti-amyloid-beta therapies failed in clinical trials, determining how these risk genes contribute to the development of AD is crucial …

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Gene–Environment Interaction In Parkinson Disease: The Gut Microbiome, Zachary D. Wallen Jan 2020

Gene–Environment Interaction In Parkinson Disease: The Gut Microbiome, Zachary D. Wallen

All ETDs from UAB

GENE–ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION IN PARKINSON DISEASE: THE GUT MICROBIOME ZACHARY D. WALLEN GENETICS, GENOMICS, AND BIOINFORMATICS ABSTRACTParkinson disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease with no cure. Majority of cases are idiopathic, and the cause is unknown. Studies have been conducted in human and animals to identify PD risk factors, resulting in a list of genetic and environmental factors that modestly increases risk of PD. Still, no individual risk factor fully explains the cause of PD, and neither has the combination of these factors. Additional avenues of research are being investigated to find potential triggers of PD, and factors that might …

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The Mir-23a Cluster Controls An Epigenetic Axis In Osteoblast Development During Bone Formation, Benjamin J. Wildman Jan 2020

The Mir-23a Cluster Controls An Epigenetic Axis In Osteoblast Development During Bone Formation, Benjamin J. Wildman

All ETDs from UAB

Differentiation of pre-osteoblasts is critical to controlling in-vivo development and growth of bone. Recent studies highlight the importance of epigenetic regulation in directing osteoblast commitment and function. Here we show that the microRNA-23a cluster (miR-23a, 27a, and 24-2) controls bone mass in-vivo through a previously unknown epigenetic mechanism. MiR-23a cluster knockdown increased the intensity of Alkaline Phosphatase staining in MC3T3-E1 cells. Additionally, it upregulated mRNA expression of osteogenic marker genes such as Runx2 and Osteocalcin. Micro-CT analysis of 2-month and 6-month femurs showed that trabecular bone volume and trabecular number significantly increased in miR-23aClZIP mice as compared to controls. Histological …

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The Role Of The Viral Envelope Protein Gpul132 In Assembly Compartment Formation And Virion Production: Intracellular Lipids And/Or Cholesterol, Hui Wu Jan 2020

The Role Of The Viral Envelope Protein Gpul132 In Assembly Compartment Formation And Virion Production: Intracellular Lipids And/Or Cholesterol, Hui Wu

All ETDs from UAB

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a ubiquitous pathogen that infects over 50% of the world’s population. HCMV infection is asymptomatic in healthy individuals, however can cause severe morbidity and mortality in individuals with compromised innate or adaptive immunity. As a complex virus that has been known for about 70 years, we are still in search of vaccines or effective treatments against it. HCMV genome encodes over 175 open reading frames with the function of majority proteins remains to be defined. A unique feature of HCMV among herpesvirus is the reorganization of cellular secretory pathway and membranes to form assembly compartment (AC). …

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Race, Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus And Vertebral Fragility Fractures: A Cross-Sectional Analysis From Nhanes, Yuchen At Xiao Jan 2020

Race, Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus And Vertebral Fragility Fractures: A Cross-Sectional Analysis From Nhanes, Yuchen At Xiao

All ETDs from UAB

IntroductionThis study examined the association between race and bone health, and if T2DM modifies this association in a diverse sample of adults. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study using the 2013-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examine Survey (NHANES) data. Bone health outcomes included lumbar spine BMD (lowered BMD based on T-scores <-1), and vertebral deformities, assessed via vertebral fracture assessment (VFA), including presence, number of deformities, and severity ratio of deformities. T2DM status and other demographic, lifestyle, and health characteristics were self-reported via questionnaire data. To assess if T2DM modifies the association between race and bone health outcomes, we conducted stratified analyses using logistic regression for dichotomous outcomes, Poison regression for count outcomes, and linear regression for continuous outcomes. Results Non-Hispanic (NH) Blacks have significantly less odds of being lowered BMD and osteoporosis comparing to NH-Whites in the crude model and significantly less odds of having vertebral deformities comparing to NH-White in both crude and adjusted model for non-diabetic participants. Such differences are not observed in diabetic groups. Participants in Other race group have significantly more odds of being lowered BMD comparing to NH-Whites in the adjusted model for both diabetic and non-diabetic groups. And have significantly more odds of having vertebral deformities in the diabetic group, crude and adjusted, yet the differences are not significant in non-diabetic groups. Similar results were seen in the number of deformities and total bone loss ratio. The potential modification effect of T2DM was not significant in these models. Conclusions In our national evaluation, bone health differs not only by race and ethnic group but also by T2DM status. The protective vertebral fragility effects observed among NH-Blacks was no longer present among those with diabetes. Likewise, among participants in other racial and ethnic groups, T2DM seemed to magnify the association of worse vertebral fragility. Such trends indicate a potential modifying effect of participants’ T2DM status and should be noted clinically, yet more studies are required for more precise results.

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Circadian Control Of Blood Pressure And Renal Electrolyte Excretion, Dingguo Zhang Jan 2020

Circadian Control Of Blood Pressure And Renal Electrolyte Excretion, Dingguo Zhang

All ETDs from UAB

Many physiological processes, including blood pressure (BP) regulation, follow specific rhythms tied to a 24-h cycle. This is largely because circadian genes operate in virtually every cell type in the body. In healthy individuals, BP during nighttime is 10-20% lower compared to daytime, a phenomenon known as “nocturnal dipping”. It is acknowledged that the dipping of BP is essential in maintaining normal cardiovascular and renal function. However, it remains unclear as to what factors contribute to nocturnal dipping. The purpose of this dissertation is to elucidate mechanisms underlying the circadian rhythm of BP. Bmal1 is one of the core circadian …

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Exploring The Mechanism Of Cleavage And Secretion Of The Major Sperm Protein (Msp) Domain Of The Vapb/Vpr-1 Protein, Hala Zein-Sabatto Jan 2020

Exploring The Mechanism Of Cleavage And Secretion Of The Major Sperm Protein (Msp) Domain Of The Vapb/Vpr-1 Protein, Hala Zein-Sabatto

All ETDs from UAB

VAPB is one of three mammalian VAP proteins. It is a type-II ER transmembrane protein whose N-terminal major sperm protein domain (MSPd) is cleaved and secreted. Since the MSPd faces the cytosol, rather than the ER lumen, how it is cleaved and secreted is not yet known. In humans, P56S is a substitution mutation within the VAPB protein that segregates with cases of familial Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) and prevents the secretion of VAPB MSPd. The work described in this thesis uses C. elegans to study how the N-terminal MSPd of VAPB is proteolytically processed, secreted, and regulated. C. elegans …

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Toward The Mechanism Underlying Latanoprost- And Benzalkonium Chloride-Induced Meibomian Gland Dysfunction In Patients Treated For Glaucoma, Jillian Ziemanski Jan 2020

Toward The Mechanism Underlying Latanoprost- And Benzalkonium Chloride-Induced Meibomian Gland Dysfunction In Patients Treated For Glaucoma, Jillian Ziemanski

All ETDs from UAB

Once thought to be no more than a vexing eye condition, ocular surface disease (OSD) is now being viewed as a differentiating factor between sight and no sight. In the setting of glaucoma, OSD can interfere with treatment success, potentially allowing the visually devastating pathology of glaucoma to plow onward with little restraint. Compounding the clinical challenge is the growing awareness that glaucoma-associated OSD appears to be iatrogenically induced by topical ophthalmic medications. Daily, topical instillation of preserved prostaglandin analogs (PGAs), the most common first-line treatment for glaucoma, has been linked to a variety of OSD subtypes, including meibomian gland …

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Lim Transcriptional Complexes That Impact Endocrine Pancreas Development And Function, Maigen Bethea Jan 2020

Lim Transcriptional Complexes That Impact Endocrine Pancreas Development And Function, Maigen Bethea

All ETDs from UAB

The Ldb1:Isl1 LIM transcriptional complex is critical for endocrine pancreas development as well as b-cell terminal differentiation. These complexes have been shown to interact with various proteins to elicit transcriptional regulation in other tissues, yet few interactors have been identified in b-cells. Therefore, the objective of this dissertation was to identify interactors of Ldb1 and Isl1 and assess their contributions to endocrine pancreas development and function. Using a reversible crosslink immunoprecipitation (ReCLIP) and mass spectrometry (MS) strategy to isolate endogenous Ldb1 and/or Isl1 interacting protiens, SSBP3, Rnf20, and Rnf40 (E3 ubiquitin ligases) coregulators were identified. SSBP3 was found to interact …

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Transcriptional, Translational, And Enzymatic Metabolic Regulation By L-2 Hyroxyglutarate, Garrett Brinkley Jan 2020

Transcriptional, Translational, And Enzymatic Metabolic Regulation By L-2 Hyroxyglutarate, Garrett Brinkley

All ETDs from UAB

Recent studies have identified elevated levels of a small metabolite, L-2 Hydroxyglutare (L-2HG), which curiously has no known metabolic roles. Renal tumors, hypoxia as well as larval development, specifically in Drosophila, all have been identified to have high levels of L-2HG. These broad categories suggest L-2HG has a physiological role. This work uncovers the impact of elevated levels of L-2HG in altering normal kidney and renal tumors. With structural similarity to α-Ketoglutarate (αKG), L-2HG acts as a competitive inhibitor to enzymes that utilize αKG as substrates or co-factors. L-2HG is known to be metabolized by L-2HG dehydrogenase (L2HGDH). Loss of …

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Restless Legs Syndrome And Multiple Sclerosis: The Possible Role Of Physical Activity For Managing Symptoms, Katie Cederberg Jan 2020

Restless Legs Syndrome And Multiple Sclerosis: The Possible Role Of Physical Activity For Managing Symptoms, Katie Cederberg

All ETDs from UAB

Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is an idiopathic neurological disorder characterized by unpleasant sensations in the legs that affects 26% of persons with multiple sclerosis (MS). The current pharmacological treatments for RLS are associated with a number of side effects, including the worsening of symptoms (i.e., augmentation). Physical activity represents a promising, behavioral approach for managing symptoms of RLS in MS. To date, physical activity has demonstrated tremendous benefits for managing many consequences of MS, but there is no evidence on its efficacy for managing RLS in MS. This dissertation described the current literature regarding physical activity and RLS in adults …

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Distinct Tissue Specific Functions Of Bone Marrow Regulatory T Cells, And Their Therapeudic Applications In Myeloid Neoplasms, Virginia Camacho Jan 2020

Distinct Tissue Specific Functions Of Bone Marrow Regulatory T Cells, And Their Therapeudic Applications In Myeloid Neoplasms, Virginia Camacho

All ETDs from UAB

In the bone marrow, Regulatory T cells (Tregs) constitute nearly 30% of CD4+ T cells, a significantly higher ratio than other tissues. Although a few of the mechanisms by which Tregs regulate normal hematopoiesis have been elucidated, our understanding of this process during leukemogenesis is ex-tremely limited. In this work, we define how Tregs maintain and support the bone marrow microenvironment. We propose that the role of Tregs extends be-yond their canonical immuno-suppressive function and that these cells are re-quired to maintain healthy hematopoiesis. We have defined tissue-specific roles for Tregs in the bone marrow including the maintenance of hematopoietic …

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Abnormalities In The Akt-Mtor Signaling Pathway In The Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex In Schizophrenia, Radhika Chadha Jan 2020

Abnormalities In The Akt-Mtor Signaling Pathway In The Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex In Schizophrenia, Radhika Chadha

All ETDs from UAB

Schizophrenia (SZ) is a complex and heterogeneous mental illness in which myriad changes across multiple neurotransmitter systems (dopamine, serotonin, GABA, glutamate, and others) have been reported. Numerous regulatory mechanisms have been explored in SZ research and rather than being a disorder of one specific neurotransmitter pathway, SZ may instead be a disturbance of intracellular signaling processes that underlie the regulation of these systems. The AKT-mTOR signaling cascade plays an important role in core cellular processes of cell growth, metabolism and survival and is one such potential candidate. Abnormalities in AKT expression and activity have been consistently implicated in SZ pathophysiology …

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From Pathology To Circuits: Loss Of Pink1 Function In Parkinson’S Disease, Rose Berthe Creed Jan 2020

From Pathology To Circuits: Loss Of Pink1 Function In Parkinson’S Disease, Rose Berthe Creed

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Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the most common neurogenerative motor disorder, affecting over 10 million people worldwide. Clinically, PD is diagnosed by presentation of hypokinetic movements such as bradykinesia, rigidity, and resting tremor. Additionally, PD patients have non-motor symptoms that include anosmia, constipation, and hypophonia. Current therapeutics have been successful in treating many of the locomotor symptoms, however no therapies stop or slow disease progression and the effectiveness of current medications diminishes as the symptoms invariably become more severe over the course of many years. Histopathologically, PD diagnosis is confirmed postmortem by two pathological hallmarks: 1. loss of dopaminergic neurons in …

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Impact Of Diet And Meal Timing On Time-Of-Day Dependent Hippocampal Function, Jennifer Davis Jan 2020

Impact Of Diet And Meal Timing On Time-Of-Day Dependent Hippocampal Function, Jennifer Davis

All ETDs from UAB

Circadian rhythms are biological processes that cycle every ~24 hours and have allowed life to adapt for optimal function across the day. These rhythms are present in all tissues in the body and are coordinated to the light/dark cycle by the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) in the hypothalamus. Along with active-rest cycles, cognitive performance fluctuates across the course of the day, peaking during the active phase. In addition to the light cycle, food and meal timing can provide signaling cues to extra-SCN tissues. Food access only during the inactive phase results in weight gain and memory impairment. High fat diet protocols …

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Alabama's Acute Care Registered Nurse Workforce: A Study In Supply And Demand, Tracey Dick Jan 2020

Alabama's Acute Care Registered Nurse Workforce: A Study In Supply And Demand, Tracey Dick

All ETDs from UAB

Background/Significance: Nurses comprise the largest sector of the total health care workforce. Acute care hospitals have historically been major employers of registered nurses (RNs). What is currently known about Alabama’s acute care RN workforce supply is limited. Additionally, a paucity of data is available to describe employer demand. Alabama’s aging population, chronic disease burden, and health care system reforms suggest that the demand for RNs will continue to grow. Data are needed to provide a greater understanding of current and future RN supply and demand to inform workforce planning, educational investment, and state health policy. Purpose: To characterize the current …

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Structural Studies Of Rna Synthesis Machinery In Vesicular Stomatitis Virus, Joseph Ryan Gould Jan 2020

Structural Studies Of Rna Synthesis Machinery In Vesicular Stomatitis Virus, Joseph Ryan Gould

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Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) is a member of the order Mononegavirales, which is comprised of viruses with genomes of non-segmented negative sense RNA. Many fundamental insights into the molecular biology of mononegaviruses were first made in VSV, such as the unique viral RNA synthesis template comprised of the nucleocapsid (N) protein and genomic RNA and the distinctive large (L) protein which contributes all enzymatic activities of RNA synthesis and transcript maturation. The L protein performs its enzymatic functions in concert with the phosphoprotein (P), a flexible, charged, and phosphorylated cofactor. The goal of the research presented in this dissertation was …

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Mechanisms Of Virtual Reality To Improve Walking And Reaching Behavior In Individuals With Chronic Low Back Pain, Rebecca Hennessy Jan 2020

Mechanisms Of Virtual Reality To Improve Walking And Reaching Behavior In Individuals With Chronic Low Back Pain, Rebecca Hennessy

All ETDs from UAB

Chronic low back pain (cLBP), low back pain persisting longer than three to six months, is a prevalent condition that can greatly interfere with movement quality. Specifically, cLBP can result in slower walking speeds and negatively affect reaching movements. Virtual reality (VR) encompasses a variety of technologies which may potentially improve therapeutic interventions for individuals with cLBP by presenting users with fun, distracting, and engaging challenges that align with their rehabilitative goals. While VR systems have become more accessible to everyday users, there is limited research which specifically examines VR mechanisms to improve walking and reaching quality. This dissertation presents …

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