Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

All-Cause And Cause-Specific Mortality Among Medicaid-Insured Women With Preexisting Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Diagnosed With Breast Cancer : An Epidemiological Analysis Of Linked New York State Medicaid And Cancer Registry Data, Wayne Rashaan Lawrence

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Background: The present study investigated the influence preexisting type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and antidiabetic drugs have on all-cause and cause-specific mortality among Medicaid-insured women diagnosed with breast cancer by menopausal status.

Evaluation Of Efficacy And Safety Of Adult Diabetic Ketoacidosis (Dka) Treatment Protocol At A Tertiary Health Care Center, Kristina Chereshnieva

DNP Projects

BACKGROUND: Hypoglycemia can be a complication of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) protocols. This prolongs time to DKA resolution, increasing hospital stay and mortality risk. Does a revised DKA protocol reduce the incidence of hypoglycemia and reopening of the anion gap due to inappropriate transition to subcutaneous insulin? There is a lack of published data in the U.S. on factors affecting time to resolution of DKA and LOS in the ICU. This review was focused on evaluation of safety outcomes and protocol effectiveness by comparing hypoglycemia and hypokalemia events and instances of anion gap reopening for the duration of DKA treatment. …

Examining The Role Of Metabolic Pathways As Therapeutic Modalities For Triple Negative Breast Cancer, Jeremy Andrew Johnson

Theses and Dissertations--Toxicology and Cancer Biology

Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) comprises 15-20% of breast cancers, affects a younger patient population than other subtypes, and is very aggressive. TNBC is comprised of a diverse group of tumors that have proven refractory to targeted therapy and can be difficult to treat. Patients generally receive neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC), surgery, and radiotherapy. The standard of care for NAC includes a taxane, an anthracycline, and/or cyclophosphamide, and administration of NAC has resulted in pathological complete response (pCR) in 30-40% of patients. However, a majority of TNBC patients will not reach pCR and instead have residual disease (RD), which is associated …

Preparing Future Health Care Workers: An Assessment Of Undergraduate Student Integrative Pre-Health Education, Haley Bevza Brennan, Pamela Erickson

Undergraduate Papers

This paper analyzes the current state of, and demand for, integrative pre-health education in the undergraduate setting, specifically at the University of Connecticut. Students’ knowledge of, exposure to, and attitudes towards complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) are assessed through a web-based survey and semi-structured interviews. This paper compares this research with surveys conducted in undergraduate, medical school, and medical professional settings to gauge current efforts to provide a more holistic approach to educating health care workers in subjects such as mind-body therapies, lifestyle contributors to health such as diet and exercise, culturally competent care, and therapeutic techniques outside of the …

Telehealth: Advances In Alternative Payment Models, Mei Zhao, Hanadi Hamadi, D Rob Haley, Jing Xu, Cynthia White-Williams, Sinyoung Park

Department of Health Administration Faculty Publications

Introduction

Previous studies indicated that telehealth services may improve hospital performance. However, the extent to which these telehealth provisions would improve hospital total performance score under the hospital value-based purchasing (HVBP) programme is not clear. The aim of this study is to examine the association between telehealth provision and hospital performance.

Methods

We performed a retrospective analysis of the association between the provision of telehealth services and 2699 hospital’s total performance score (TPS) on the 2018 HVBP programme and its four domains. Multivariate regression models were used to analyse TPS and hospital performance on each domain. Telehealth services offered by …

Be Covid Safe, Opeyemi Akinrinsola, Abigail Corkum, Karyn Furcolo, Christina Gareis, Dorothy Tang

Foundations of Public Health - Infographics

No abstract provided.

Guide To Mask Wearing 101, Laiquannah Hason, Jeremiah Kinsey, Kevin O'Connor

Foundations of Public Health - Infographics

No abstract provided.

"I Don't Like Wearing A Mask", Priyanka Bhatt, Devesh Dajee, Neha Jha, Ruhi Shah

Foundations of Public Health - Infographics

No abstract provided.

The 3 W'S To Staying Safe On & Off Campus During Covid-19, Amanda Guth, Matthew Kermitz, Kate Minke, Raya Patel

Foundations of Public Health - Infographics

No abstract provided.

Controlling The Waves Of Covid-19, Joseph M. Callaghan, Emily Mcdermott, Sofia Mitro, Christopher Stuever

Foundations of Public Health - Infographics

No abstract provided.

Spread Holiday Cheer, Not Covid-19, Sameh Gomaa, Sana Khalid, Michelle St. Omer Roy

Foundations of Public Health - Infographics

No abstract provided.

It's Your Responsibility, Simon Chen, Devanshi Dash, Jaime Nassur

Foundations of Public Health - Infographics

No abstract provided.

Parent Readiness For Hospital Discharge Scale: Psychometrics And Association With Postdischarge Outcomes, Marianne E. Weiss, Stacee M. Lerret, Rachel Schiffman

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Introduction The purpose of this study is to validate the Readiness for Hospital Discharge Scale (RHDS) for use with parents of hospitalized children. PedRHDS is a structured tool for a discharge readiness assessment before pediatric discharge. Methods Using combined data from four studies with 417 parents, psychometric testing and item reduction proceeded with principal component analysis for factor structure delineation, Cronbach's alpha for reliability estimation, and regression analysis for predictive validity. Results A 23-item PedRHDS retained the a priori factor structure. Reliability ranged from 0.73 to 0.85 for the 23-item and 10- and 8-item short scales. PedRHDS (all forms) was …

Infant Illness Severity And Perinatal Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder After Discharge From The Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Kathryn J. Malin, Teresa S. Johnson, Sarah Mcandrew, Jacqueline Westerdahl, Jonathan Leuthner, Joanne Lagatta

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Background

Risk factors for perinatal posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among parents of an infant in the NICU have varied in previous literature. The relationships between perception of illness severity and objective measures of illness severity with PTSD are not well understood.

Aims

To determine if PTSD among parents after an infant NICU discharge can be predicted by 1) objective measures of infant illness severity or 2) perceptions of infant illness severity.

Study design

A prospective, observational study.

Subjects

Parent/infant dyads who were in the NICU for ≥14 days.

Outcome measures

Objective measures of illness severity were obtained from the electronic …

Clinical Nurses' Perspectives On Discharge Practice Changes From Participating In A Translational Research Study, Kathleen L. Bobay, Regina Conway-Philips, Ronda G. Hughes, Linda L. Costa, Sarah J. Bahr, Danielle M. Siclovan, Susan A. Nuccio, Marianne E. Weiss

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Aim

To describe clinical nurses' experiences with practice change associated with participation in a multi‐site nursing translational research study implementing new protocols for hospital discharge readiness assessment.

Background

Nurses' participation in translational research studies provides an opportunity to evaluate how implementation of new nursing interventions affects care processes within a local context. These insights can provide information that leads to successful adoption and sustainability of the intervention.

Methods

Semi‐structured focus groups from 30 of 33 participating study hospitals lead by team nurse researchers.

Results

Nurses reported improved and earlier awareness of patients' discharge needs, changes in discharge practices, greater patient/family …

Feasibility And Acceptability Of A Game-Based Symptom-Reporting App For Children With Cancer: Perspectives Of Children And Parents, Lauri Linder, Amy Rose Newman, Kristin Stegenga, Yin-Shun Chiu, Sarah E. Wawrzynski, Heidi Kramer, Charlene Weir, Scott Narus, Roger Altizer

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Background

Children with cancer have difficulty identifying and describing the multiple symptoms they experience during hospitalization and between clinical encounters. Mobile health resources, including apps, are potential solutions to support child-centric symptom reporting. This study evaluated the feasibility and acceptability of a newly developed game-based symptom-reporting app for school-age children with cancer.

Procedure

Nineteen school-age children (6–12 years of age) receiving treatment for cancer at a COG institution in the Intermountain West of the United States used a game-based symptom-reporting app between clinical visits. Feasibility was evaluated through a summary of actual days of app use and interaction with each …

Spatial Memory And Executive Functioning In The Goto-Kakizaki Rat Model Of Diabetes, Lorielle Dietze

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a disease that adversely affects cognitive function in areas extending to memory and executive functioning. The Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rat provides a model of type 2 diabetes that can illustrate the mechanisms by which this disease works. The present study compared hyperglycaemic GK rats and age-matched Wistar rats in the Morris water maze to assess spatial memory, and in a perceptual attentional set-shifting task to assess putative prefrontal-dependent executive functioning. Results showed there was no difference in path length during training trials, however, GK and Wistar rats differed in the path length travelled in the target …

A Qualitative Investigation Into The Influence Of A Mental Health Physical Activity Intervention On University Students, Heather M. Tunks

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Objective

Among the university student population, mental illnesses are highly prevalent. Adults aged 20-30 years have the highest rates of mood and anxiety disorders than any other age group, with approximately 12.0% diagnosed with an anxiety disorder and 7.0 to 9.0% experiencing clinical depression (Nunes et al., 2014; Pedrelli, Nyer, Yeung, Zulauf, & Wilens, 2015). Reducing or preventing the effects of mental illness among this population may have lifelong implications including improvements in coping and management of mental illness throughout the lifespan(Jaworska, DeSomma, Fonseka, Heck, & MacQueen, 2016). This research examines the lived experiences of volunteers and participants in a …

What Makes An Image Memorable? Effects Of Encoding On The Mechanism Of Recognition, Asiya Gul

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Memory is undoubtedly one of the most important processes of human cognition. A long line of research suggests that recognition relies on the assessment of two explicit memory phenomena: familiarity and recollection. Researchers who support the Dual Process Signal Detection (DPSD) model of recognition memory link the FN400 component (a negative ERP deflection peaking around 400 ms at frontal electrodes) with familiarity; however, it is currently unclear whether the FN400 reflects familiarity or implicit memory. Three event-related potentials (ERP) studies were conducted to determine whether implicit memory plays a role in setting up encoding strategies, and how these encoding strategies …

Well-Being, Discrimination, And Self-Management Among Racialized Lgbq+ Newcomers Living In Waterloo Region, Ontario, Emily Cox

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Racism and homo/biphobia may negatively impact the well-being of racialized LGBTQ+ newcomers. While current research focuses predominantly on negative aspects of well-being (e.g., distress, exclusion), research on resilience and positive aspects of well-being (e.g., positive affect) is limited. Although self-management strategies (i.e., activities and attitudes to improve one’s well-being) could be a key factor in promoting well-being, previous research has not addressed how racialized LGBTQ+ newcomers use self-management strategies. Further, there is limited research about the role service providers (e.g., settlement services, mental and physical health services) play in supporting these strategies. In this study, eight racialized LGBQ+ newcomers and …

The Influence Of Classroom Physical Activity Breaks At Different Times Of Day On On-Task Behaviour And Physical Activity Levels In Primary School Children, Abigail A. Broad

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Classroom physical activity breaks (CAB) are beneficial for increasing children’s physical activity (PA) levels as well as the amount of time spent being on-task within the classroom. This study examined the effect of CAB at different times within the school day on on-task behaviour and PA levels in primary school (grade 1-3) children. Thirty-five children participated in CAB in four different conditions (within-subject): morning (AM), afternoon (PM), both the morning and afternoon (BOTH), and no CAB (CTRL). PA levels were monitored via activPAL accelerometers for 24 h starting at the beginning of the school day. On-task behaviour was observed for …

Positive Wellbeing Among University Students From Diverse Communities: A Place-Based Approach, Kevin Bonnell

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Universities in Canada and across the globe are experiencing a significant diversification of their student population. However, there is a great need to understand how campus spaces can better support the wellbeing of diverse students, where supports have traditionally been built to support a privileged and homogenous group of students. The study builds on a multi-disciplinary theoretical framework (wellbeing, intersectionality, microaggressions, and the Psycho-environmental Potential Model) to explore a) the positive wellbeing of diverse students (i.e., racialized; lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer, and/or living with any type of mental health issue or physical disability) and b) how the physical …

Prognostic Impact Of Cdkn2a/B Deletion, Tert Mutation, And Egfr Amplification On Histological And Molecular Idh-Wildtype Glioblastoma, Sirui Ma, Soumon Rudra, Jian L Campian, Sonika Dahiya, Gavin P Dunn, Tanner Johanns, Michael Goldstein, Albert H Kim, Jiayi Huang

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: We aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes of molecular glioblastoma (mGBM) as compared to histological GBM (hGBM) and to determine the prognostic impact of

METHODS: IDH-wildtype GBM patients treated with radiation therapy (RT) between 2012 and 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. mGBM was defined as grade II-III IDH-wildtype astrocytoma without histological features of GBM but with one of the following molecular alterations:

RESULTS: Of the 367 eligible patients, the median follow-up was 11.7 months. mGBM and hGBM did not have significantly different OS (median: 16.6 vs 13.5 months, respectively,

CONCLUSION: Criteria for mGBM may require further refinement and validation.

The Prevalence Of Gastrointestinal Nematodes In Sheep (Ovis Aries) In The Central Andsouth-Eastern Regions Of Ukraine, Vitalii Melnychuk, Valentyna Yevstafieva, Tetiana Bakhur, Anatoliy Antipov, Diana Feshchenko

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The article investigates into the species composition of agents causing gastrointestinal tract nematodes in sheep. It determines the forms of nematodes communities. For this purpose, 710 sheep were examined, 79.58% of which were infected. The fauna of nematodes was represented by 15 species of helminths from 12 genera: Bunostomum, Oesophagostomum, Nematodirus, Chabertia, Cooperia, Trichostrongylus, Ostertagia, Haemonchus, Trichuris, Aonchotheca, Strongyloides, and Skrjabinema. The indicators of infestation intensity in sheep ranged from 1 to 93 specimens per animal, and the abundance index ranged from 0.01 to 16.96 specimens per animal. The most common nematodes are H. contortus (prevalence, 61.97%), O. circumcincta (59.58%), …

Carcass Traits, Meat Quality, And Sensory Attributes Of Fast-Growing Broilers Givenoutdoor Access At Different Ages, Muhammad Zaid, Jibran Hussain, Athar Mahmud, Khalid Javed, Muhammad Shabir Shaheen, Muhammad Usman, Abdul Ghayas, Sohail Ahmad

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study evaluated the effect of outdoor access offered to fast-growing broilers at different ages and its impact on meat quality attributes. A total of 200 straight-run broilers were arranged according to the completed randomized design and distributed into 4 treatment groups. The treatments were replicated 5 times; each replicate consisted of 10 birds. The treatment included age at exposure to outdoor access including day 21, day 28, and day 35, and a control group in which the birds were reared at an indoor facility for up to 56 days. Taste, flavor, juiciness, and overall acceptability of breast meat were …

Preparation And Optimization Of Rapid And Sensitive Coagglutination Test For Detection Ofinfectious Pancreatic Necrosis Virus (Ipnv), Kemal Pekmez, Gülnur Kalayci, Sai̇me İsmet Gürhan, Eli̇f Esi̇n Tuna

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this study is the development of a coagglutination test for rapid diagnosis of infectious pancreatic necrosis (IPN) virus which causes an acute infectious viral disease with high mortality in young salmonid fish. Serotypes Sp, Ab, WB of the IPNV were cultivated in BF-2 cells and purified by linear sucrose density gradient centrifugation. Hyperimmune sera against purified IPNV serotypes were collected from immunized guinea pigs. Coagglutination test conjugates were prepared by using sensitized S. aureus and hyperimmune sera. Cell culture derived salmonid pathogens such as infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV), viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHSV) and epizootic hematopoietic …

Tannic Acid Inhibits Lipid Metabolism And Induce Ros In Prostate Cancer Cells, Prashanth K.B. Nagesh, Elham Hatami, Pallabita Chowdhury, Shashi Jaun, Nirnoy Dan, Vivek Kumar Kashyap, Subhash C. Chauhan, Meena Jaggi, Murali M. Yallapu

School of Medicine Publications

Prostate cancer (PCa) cells exploit the aberrant lipid signaling and metabolism as their survival advantage. Also, intracellular storage lipids act as fuel for the PCa proliferation. However, few studies were available that addressed the topic of targeting lipid metabolism in PCa. Here, we assessed the tannic acid (TA) lipid-targeting ability and its capability to induce endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress by reactive oxygen species (ROS) in PCa cells. TA exhibited dual effects by inhibiting lipogenic signaling and suppression of lipid metabolic pathways. The expression of proteins responsible for lipogenesis was down regulated. The membrane permeability and functionality of PCa were severely …

Gabapentin Drug Misuse Signals: A Pharmacovigilance Assessment Using The Fda Adverse Event Reporting System, Rachel Vickers-Smith, Jiangwen Sun, Richard J. Charnigo, Michelle R. Lofwall, Sharon L. Walsh, Jennifer R. Havens

Computer Science Faculty Publications

Background: Although there have been increasing reports of intentional gabapentin misuse, epidemiological evidence for the phenomenon is limited. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there are pharmacovigilance abuse signals for gabapentin.

Methods: Using FDA Adverse Events Reporting System reports from January 1, 2005 to December 31, 2015, we calculated pharmacovigilance signal measures (i.e., reporting odds ratio, proportional reporting ratio, information component, and empirical Bayes geometric mean) for abuse-related adverse event (AR-AE)-gabapentin pairs. Loglinear modeling assessed the frequency of concurrent reporting of abuse-related and abusespecific AEs (AS-AEs) associated with gabapentin. Findings were compared to a positive (pregabalin) and …

Sail: Saliency-Driven Injection Of Aria Landmarks, Ali Selman Aydin, Shirin Feiz, Vikas Ashok, Iv Ramakrishnan

Computer Science Faculty Publications

Navigating webpages with screen readers is a challenge even with recent improvements in screen reader technologies and the increased adoption of web standards for accessibility, namely ARIA. ARIA landmarks, an important aspect of ARIA, lets screen reader users access different sections of the webpage quickly, by enabling them to skip over blocks of irrelevant or redundant content. However, these landmarks are sporadically and inconsistently used by web developers, and in many cases, even absent in numerous web pages. Therefore, we propose SaIL, a scalable approach that automatically detects the important sections of a web page, and then injects ARIA landmarks …

Rotate-And-Press: A Non-Visual Alternative To Point-And-Click, Hae-Na Lee, Vikas Ashok, I. V. Ramakrishnan

Computer Science Faculty Publications

Most computer applications manifest visually rich and dense graphical user interfaces (GUIs) that are primarily tailored for an easy-and-efficient sighted interaction using a combination of two default input modalities, namely the keyboard and the mouse/touchpad. However, blind screen-reader users predominantly rely only on keyboard, and therefore struggle to interact with these applications, since it is both arduous and tedious to perform the visual 'point-and-click' tasks such as accessing the various application commands/features using just keyboard shortcuts supported by screen readers.

In this paper, we investigate the suitability of a 'rotate-and-press' input modality as an effective non-visual substitute for the visual …