Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Pilot Evaluation Of The Usability And Utility Of A Wearable Technology To Monitor And Evaluate Health Condition, Drew Nielsen, David Shipon, Md, Facc, Facp

Phase 1

Introduction: Cardiac rehabilitation programs have particularly poor attrition and rehospitalization from cardiac-related events is a large burden on the medical system, as 8.9% of patients who have acute MI are rehospitalized within one year. External barriers may exist that prevent patients from adequately completing in-house cardiac rehabilitation, which makes them strong candidates for a home-based rehab program (HBCR). Previous randomized trials have generated evidence that HBCR can achieve similar cardiac improvements in 3- 12-month clinical outcomes. With the large-scale adoption of wearable technologies, with an estimated 8.2 million devices owned by individuals over 55, we have an opportunity to incorporate …

Comparison Of Patient Satisfaction Between Telehealth And In-Clinic Post-Operative Visits, Bryan Renslo, Lillian Matthews, Deborah T. Glassman, Md

Phase 1

Introduction: Telehealth has the potential to be an efficient, affordable, and accessible means to give care. In the field of Urology, its use has large potential but has not been well studied. We hypothesize that the use of telehealth for post-op nephrectomy patients will maintain the same level of patient satisfaction. We also hypothesize that telehealth visits will take less time and save patients money by eliminating the need to travel.

Methods: From May through July 2019, post-nephrectomy patients who consented to the study were given either a telehealth or in-clinic post-operative visit. Outcome metrics and demographics information were obtained …

Smart Rooms Devices As A Modality Of Enhancing Patient Engagement, Daniel Campbell, Alison Romisher, Thomas Hurysz, Maia Ottenstein, Anna Marie Chang, Md

Phase 1

Introduction: Recent literature has demonstrated that increased patient engagement is linked to improved patient outcomes. As such, hospitals are currently attempting to increase patient engagement via use of digital tools. One potential digital tool is a Smart Rooms Device, a voiceassistant integrated into hospital rooms. The goal of this investigation is to identify modalities by which patients intend to engage with the Smart Rooms Device.

Methods: This is a prospective interview study conducted between 11/20/2019 and 12/17/2019, whereby patients from the TJU Observation Unit were asked pre-determined interview questions in order to ascertain potential device usages.

Results: 12 patients were …

An Investigation Of Infectious Etiologies Of Sporadic Inclusion Body Myositis, Tyler Kennedy, Michele Meltzer, Md

Phase 1

Introduction: Sporadic inclusion body myositis (sIBM) is a rare, debilitating disease that can significantly lower one’s quality of life. Unfortunately, there are no current effective treatments, as the underlying causes are still unknown. We hypothesize that preceding infections do not cause sporadic inclusion body myositis.

Methods: The study investigated patients with a diagnosis of inclusion body myositis, with a concurrent or previously documented infection. Men represented a larger proportion of the population as they have an increased preponderance of those affected. The primary objective was to discern which infection, if any, could induce the inflammatory and degenerative changes in muscle …

Equipping Early Childhood Educators To Manage "Behaviors That Challenge" In The Early Childhood Years, Shanna Scott

Doctor of Nursing Practice Projects

This scholarly project pursues the development, implementation, and evaluation of techniques to help improve the health and well-being of children ages 1-5, who have difficulties with challenging behaviors, to effectively manage stress and boost resilience through the incorporation of music and educational techniques of the early childhood educator.

This paper will discuss the positive or negative outcomes on external factors affecting child health, such as economic, judicial, societal, cultural, cognitive development, parental separation, and mental health concerns of all members of the family. It will also discuss the positive effects educational strategies and music can have on young children experiencing …

Evaluation Of The Coordinated Approach To Child Health (Catch) Program In Third Through Fifth Graders In Northern Illinois, Paulina Karecka

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

Background: The Coordinated Approach to Child Health (CATCH) is a school-based education program designed to improve dietary habits and increase physical activity among children and adolescents based on the Social Cognitive Theory (SCT). The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of CATCH program, delivered by dietetic interns and Northern Illinois University (NIU) students, to 3rd-5th graders in Northern Illinois, in increasing their nutrition knowledge and healthy choices behavior. Methods: In total, 167 elementary school children in grades 3-5 in Northern Illinois participated in a non-experimental program evaluation study. We delivered 6 CATCH lessons throughout the academic year …

Effects Of Dietary Sodium Intake On Blood Flow Regulation During Exercise In Salt Resistant Individuals, Kevin P. Decker, Morgan T. Kimmel, Hunter L. Reed, Alex H. Chiu, Austin C. Hogwood, Jennifer B. Weggen, Ashley M. Darling, Ryan S. Garten

Graduate Research Posters

PURPOSE: Dietary sodium intake guidelines is ≤2,300 mg/day, yet is exceeded by 90% of Americans. This study examined the impact of a high sodium diet on blood flow regulation during exercise. METHODS: Six males (25 ± 2 years) consumed dietary sodium intake guidelines for two weeks, with one week salt-capsule supplemented (HS: 6,900 mg/day of sodium) and the other week placebo-capsule supplemented (LS: 2,300 mg/day of sodium). At the end of each week, peripheral hemodynamic measurements [blood flow (BF), shear rate (SR), and flow mediated dilation (FMD)/SR)] of the brachial and superficial femoral artery were taken during handgrip (HG) and …

Prevalence Of Mental Health Disorder Symptoms And Rates Of Help-Seeking Among University-Enrolled, Black Men, Kofoworola D. A. Williams, Amy Adkins, Sally I-Chun Kuo, Jessica G. Larose, Shawn O. Utsey, Jeanine P. D. Guidry, Danielle Dick, Spit For Science Working Group, Kellie E. Carlyle

Graduate Research Posters

Background. Black men in college represent a subgroup of emerging adults who are at increased risk of developing mental health disorders (MHDs), such as anxiety and depression. Such risk has been attributed to disproportionate experiences with everyday racial discrimination and high levels of psychological distress. Despite being at higher risk, university-enrolled, Black men are not utilizing mental health or health resources at optimal rates. The current evidence base describing prevalence of MHDs and health services utilization among Black men in college is limited. The present study addresses this by examining mental health prevalence among university-enrolled, Black men and their rates …

The Effect Of Whole-Body Vibration On Thermographic Readings Of The Equine Back And Distal Forelimb, Megan Leclerc

Undergraduate Honors Thesis Projects

Modern horses are sophisticated athletes, which puts them at a high risk for injury. One therapy now being utilized is whole-body vibration. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of whole-body vibration on the distal forelimb and the back of the healthy horse using thermography.

Data were collected over a 30-day period. Test horses stood on the vibration plate (n=10) 3 days a week for 30-minute sessions with the plate vibrating at 30-40 Hz. The control horses (n=10) received no treatment during the study. Baseline thermographic images were taken for all horses, and post treatment images were …

Test–Retest Reliability Of The Friedreich’S Ataxia Rating Scale, Christian Rummey, Theresa A. Zesiewicz, Santiago Perez-Lloret, Jennifer M. Farmer, Massimo Pandolfo, David R. Lynch

Neurology Faculty Publications

The modified Friedreich Ataxia Rating Scale (mFARS) is a disease specific, exam-based neurological rating scale commonly used as a outcome measure in clinical trials. While extensive clinimetric testing indicates it’s validity in measuring disease progression, formal test–retest reliability was lacking. To fill this gap, we acquired results from screening and baseline visits of several large clinical trials and calculated intraclass correlation coefficients, coefficients of variance, standard error, and the minimally detectable changes. This study demonstrated excellent test–retest reliability of the mFARS, and it’s upright stability subscore.

Direct Oral Anticoagulant Failure In Stroke/Transient Ischaemic Attack: Neurologic And Pharmacokinetic Considerations, David Z. Rose, W. Scott Burgin

Neurology Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Implementing The Icelandic Model For Preventing Adolescent Substance Use, Alfgeir L. Kristjansson, Michael J. Mann, Jon Sigfusson, Ingibjorg E. Thorisdottir, John P. Allegrante, Inga Dora Sigfusdottir

Public and Population Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

This is the second in a two-part series of articles about the Icelandic Model for Primary Prevention of Substance Use (IPM) in this volume of Health Promotion Practice. IPM is a community collaborative approach that has demonstrated remarkable effectiveness in reducing substance use initiation among youth in Iceland over the past 20 years. While the first article focused attention on the background context, theoretical orientation, evaluation and evidence of effectiveness, and the five guiding principles of the model, this second article describes the 10 core steps to practical implementation. Steps 1 to 3 focus on building and maintaining community …

Opioid And Non-Opioid Prescribing Rates For Ankle Fractures In Emergency Departments Across The United States Between 2006 And 2015, Lucy C. Bowers, Kyle B. Kosik, Alejandro G. Villasante Tezanos, Matthew C. Hoch, Phillip A. Gribble

Posters-at-the-Capitol Presentations

This presentation describes the percentage of patients prescribed a controlled and non-controlled medication in an United States Emergency Department for a diagnosed ankle fracture.

Exploring The Influence Of Virtual Reality On Adults With Indications Of Early Stage Dementia, Nicole Chilivis

Doctor of Ministry Doctoral Projects

Virtual reality (VR) has the potential to transport people to compelling worlds and bring positive spiritual benefits to persons with dementia and their caregivers. The purpose of this qualitative phenomenological study was to understand the influence of VR on participants with indications of early stage dementia. This study explored how five elderly participants in a Seattle-based Program of All-Inclusive Care for the Elderly (PACE) program experienced immersive virtual reality by means of a Windows Mixed Reality headset. Using an episode from the 2016 VR series, theBlu—a colorful and immersive underwater experience with soothing audio accompaniment—each participant spent up to one …

Time Spent Exercising And Obesity: An Application Of Lewbel’S Instrumental Variables Method, Charles J. Courtemanche, Joshua C. Pinkston, Jay Stewart

Institute for the Study of Free Enterprise Working Papers

This paper examines the role physical activity plays in determining body mass using data from the American Time Use Survey. Our work is the first to address the measurement error that arises when time use during a single day—rather than average daily time use over an extended period—is used as an explanatory variable. We show that failing to account for day-to-day variation in activities results in the effects of time use on a typical day being understated. Furthermore, we account for the possibility that physical activity and body mass are jointly determined by implementing Lewbel’s instrumental variables estimator that exploits …

Identifying Factors Underlying The Decision For Genetic Carrier Screening Among Women In Montgomery County, Sowon Kim

Scholarship in Medicine - All Papers

As medical scientific technologies evolve, numerous medical tests help not only physicians with their clinical judgment, but also patients by empowering them with more knowledge of their own health. An example is Genetic Carrier Screening (GCS) [1-2]. Genetic Carrier Screening (GCS) is a genetic test that allows patients to find out if they carry genes for certain genetic disorders. The results of the test enable patients to make changes to their family planning decisions and prenatal care when appropriate and allow them the opportunity to seek further medical and social support [3]. The clinical utility of GCS is evident in …

Food Insecurity And Healthy Food Availability In The State Of Ohio, Yanley Sánchez

Scholarship in Medicine - All Papers

Objective: This research study aims to determine the impact of food insecurity and healthy food availability in the state of Ohio. It investigates how food insecurity in Ohio has changed between 2016 and 2020. It also investigates how food insecurity correlates with education level by looking at high school graduation rates. It also investigates how Ohio, a state with a high level of food insecurity, compares to California which has low levels of food insecurity. This study also compares how food insecurity differs in rural and urban counties throughout the state of Ohio.

Methods: ANOVA with posthoc will be conducted …

Understanding The Relationship Between Early Childhood Education And Long-Term Health And Quality Of Life Outcomes, Ryan Mcnulty

Scholarship in Medicine - All Papers

Education is widely understood to be beneficial with regard to social opportunity, health outcomes, and quality of life scoring. Society opinion and literature are in accordance with this understanding. Much of the current literature, however, focuses on how higher education provides many of these benefits, but little investigates how early childhood education correlates with such outcomes. The objective of this study is to investigate what relationships there are between early childhood education performance and long-term health and quality of life outcomes. This investigation will explore Ohio’s third grade reading and math scores on standardized exams as compared to a national …

Marijuana Use And Mental Health Among Emergency Department Patients, Megan Hanna

Scholarship in Medicine - All Papers

Background: According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), marijuana is the most commonly used illicit drug in the U.S. with an increasing number of users in recent years.

Objective: This study was undertaken to identify common reasons for marijuana use and any relationship between its use and mental health among Emergency Department (ED) patients. Methods: A total of 303 ED patients participated from the Miami Valley Hospital Emergency Department. Eligible participants included those with any marijuana use. Subjects were administered a survey which identified age of first use, reasons for use, and presence of anxiety and depression …

The Verbal Numeric Pain Scale: Ed Patient Understanding And Perspectives, Bracey Bayonnet

Scholarship in Medicine - All Papers

Objective: The objective of this study is to identify patient self-reported pain scores and understanding and perspectives of the Verbal Numeric Pain Scale. Methods: In this prospective survey study, eligible participants were interviewed by research assistants. Data collected included ED patients self-reported pain scores, previous painful experiences, and their understanding of the Verbal Numeric Pain Scale,

Results: Among 164 participants (92% response rate), the mean triage pain score was 6.4 (95% CI 6.0-6.9). Many participants had experienced significant painful experiences in the past, including major surgery (N = 113), broken bone (N = 102), childbirth (N = 89) and kidney …

The Role Of Mental Health Providers In Dual Diagnosis Substance Abuse Treatment, Sanuri Gunawardena

Scholarship in Medicine - All Papers

Objective: This research study aims to determine the impact of mental health provider ratio on drug overdose mortality. It also investigates how mental health provider ratio and the frequency of mental distress correlate. Additionally, the study examines how mental health provider ratios have changed in Ohio over time and how the Ohio drug overdose mortality rates compare to the rates in Michigan, another Midwestern state. Methods: Pearson/Spearman correlation tests were done to show how mental health provider ratio influences drug overdose mortality rate and how mental health provider ratio influences the frequency of mental distress. A paired samples t-test was …

Biogeographic Variation In Resistance Of The Invasive Plant, Alliaria Petiolata, To A Powdery Mildew Fungus And Effect Of Resistance On Competitive Dynamics, Don Cipollini, Sam Davisd, Deah Lieurance, Kendra Cipollini, Volker Bahn

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Garlic mustard is an invasive Eurasian biennial that has spread throughout the eastern United States and southern Canada. Populations of this plant vary in their susceptibility to Erysiphe cruciferarum, a causal agent of powdery mildew disease in Brassicaceous plants. We examined whether there were biogeographic patterns in the distribution of resistance in invasive North American and native European populations of this plant. We grew plants from 78 invasive and 20 native populations and screened them for powdery mildew resistance in the greenhouse. We found that populations were mostly monomorphic for either resistance or susceptibility but that some polymorphic populations …

Larval Performance Of A Major Forest Pest On Novel Hosts And The Effect Of Stressors, Donnie Lee Peterson, Don Cipollini

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Novel hosts lacking a coevolutionary history with herbivores can often support improved larval performance over historic hosts; e.g., emerald ash borer [Agrilus planipennis (Fairmaire) Coleoptera: Buprestidae] on North American ash (Fraxinus spp.) trees. Whether trees are novel or ancestral, stress on plants increases emerald ash borer preference and performance. White fringetree [Chionanthus virginicus (L.) Lamiales: Oleaceae] and olive [Olea europaea (L.) Lamiales: Oleaceae] are closely related non-ash hosts that support development of emerald ash borer to adulthood, but their relative suitability as hosts and the impact of plant stress on larval success has not been well …

On The Potential For Saturated Buffers In Northwest Ohio To Remediate Nutrients From Agricultural Runoff, Stephen J. Jacquemin, Gregory J. Mcglinch, Theresa Dirksen, Angela Clayton

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Nutrient loading from nonpoint source runoff in the Midwest has emerged as one of the largest threats to water quality as the frequency of harmful algal blooms, hypoxic zones, and issues associated with human-resource interactions have risen abruptly over the past several decades. In this study, a saturated buffer ~500 m in length located in the western basin of the Lake Erie watershed was evaluated for its potential to reduce edge of field runoff and nutrient loading. Saturated buffers reduce runoff by routing subsurface tile drainage water into the riparian zone, providing an opportunity for drainage volume as well as …

Concussion Experiences In New England Private Preparatory High School Students Who Played Sports Or Recreational Activities, Jill Daugherty, Dana Waltzman, Katherine P. Snedaker, Jason Bouton, Xinjian Zhang, David Wang

Athletic Training Faculty Publications

Background: Sports- and recreation-related (SRR) activities are a major cause of adolescent concussions. Most adolescent SRR concussion research has been conducted among public school students. As private schools are qualitatively different from public schools (eg, location, socioeconomic status, sports played), this study explores the concussion experiences of a large group of private high school students. Methods: We surveyed 2047 New England private preparatory high school students who played sports or engaged in a recreational activity in 2018 about the sports they played, and their self-reported concussion experiences (eg, age at first concussion, if concussions were sports- or recreation-related). Descriptive, bivariate, …

Understanding The Responder Experience: Trauma, Peer Support And Resilience, Diane L. Downie

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to understand the public health responder experience, especially related to managing deployment-related trauma in public health responders who were deployed to the Ebola Outbreak Response in West Africa (2014–2016). This study used a semi structured interview design grounded in the literature of peer support, trauma, and resilience with analysis and coding of the interview data led by emerging themes. In this study, public health responders perceived aspects of their shared organization and peer relationships as helpful when encountering difficult situations during deployment. The unique bond shared among responders may reduce responder stress and promote …

Aerosol And Surface Contamination Of Sars-Cov-2 Observed In Quarantine And Isolation Care, Joshua L. Santarpia, Danielle N. Rivera, Vicki L. Herrera, M. Jane Morwitzer, Hannah M. Creager, George W. Santarpia, Kevin K. Crown, David Brett-Major, Elizabeth R. Schnaubelt, M. Jana Broadhurst, James V. Lawler, St. Patrick Reid, John Lowe

Journal Articles: Epidemiology

The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) originated in Wuhan, China in late 2019, and its resulting coronavirus disease, COVID-19, was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization on March 11, 2020. The rapid global spread of COVID-19 represents perhaps the most significant public health emergency in a century. As the pandemic progressed, a continued paucity of evidence on routes of SARS-CoV-2 transmission has resulted in shifting infection prevention and control guidelines between classically-defined airborne and droplet precautions. During the initial isolation of 13 individuals with COVID-19 at the University of Nebraska Medical Center, we collected air …

Real-Time Public Health Communication Of Local Sars-Cov-2 Genomic Epidemiology, Chaney C. Kalinich, Cole G. Jensen, Peter Neugebauer, Mary E. Petrone, Mario Peña-Hernández, Isabel M. Ott, Anne L. Wyllie, Tara Alpert, Chantal B. F. Vogels, Joseph R. Fauver, Nathan D. Grubaugh, Anderson F. Brito

Journal Articles: Epidemiology

Genomic epidemiology can provide a unique, real-time understanding of SARS-CoV-2 transmission patterns. Yet the potential for genomic analyses to guide local policy and community-based behavioral decisions is limited because they are often oriented towards specially trained scientists and conducted on a national or global scale. Here, we propose a new paradigm: Phylogenetic analyses performed on a local level (municipal, county, or state), with results communicated in a clear, timely, and actionable manner to strengthen public health responses. We believe that presenting results rapidly, and tailored to a non-expert audience, can serve as a template for effective public health response to …

Acute Encephalopathy With Elevated Csf Inflammatory Markers As The Initial Presentation Of Covid-19, Shelli Farhadian, Laura R. Glick, Chantal B. F. Vogels, Jared Thomas, Jennifer Chiarella, Arnau Casanovas-Massana, Jing Zhou, Camila Odio, Pavithra Vijayakumar, Bertie Geng, John Fournier, Santos Bermejo, Joseph R. Fauver, Tara Alpert, Anne L. Wyllie, Cynthia Turcotte, Matthew Steinle, Patrick Paczkowski, Charles Dela Cruz, Craig Wilen, Albert I. Ko, Sean Mackay, Nathan D. Grubaugh, Serena Spudich, Lydia Aoun Barakat

Journal Articles: Epidemiology

BACKGROUND: COVID-19 is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome virus SARS-CoV-2. It is widely recognized as a respiratory pathogen, but neurologic complications can be the presenting manifestation in a subset of infected patients.

CASE PRESENTATION: We describe a 78-year old immunocompromised woman who presented with altered mental status after witnessed seizure-like activity at home. She was found to have SARS-CoV-2 infection and associated neuroinflammation. In this case, we undertake the first detailed analysis of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytokines during COVID-19 infection and find a unique pattern of inflammation in CSF, but no evidence of viral neuroinvasion.

CONCLUSION: Our findings …

Motor Vehicle Fatalities During Memorial Day Weekends, 1981-2016, Yuni Tang, Kendra Ratnapradipa, Henry Xiang, Motao Zhu

Journal Articles: Epidemiology

OBJECTIVE: Motor vehicle crashes are a leading cause of injury death in the United States, and Memorial Day weekend is one of six holiday periods with an increased number of motor vehicle fatalities in the United States. However, few motor vehicle fatality comparisons were made between Memorial Day weekend and non-holiday periods. Our aims were to determine which day(s) during the holiday had highest motor vehicle fatality risk compared to non-holiday travel and to identify potential risk factors.

RESULTS: Of 43,457 traffic fatalities studied, 15,292 (35%) occurred during the holiday, with Saturday being deadliest but Monday having highest odds of …