Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

School Of Nursing News, Georgia Southern University

Nursing: News & Publications (2013-2023)

• Embrey Elected to Serve on International Governance Committee

Task-Invariance And Reliability Of Anticipatory Postural Adjustments In Healthy Young Adults, Jo Armour Smith, Niklas König Ignasiak, Jesse V. Jacobs

Physical Therapy Faculty Articles and Research

Background

Anticipatory postural adjustments (APAs) occur in the trunk during tasks such as rapid limb movement and are impaired in individuals with musculoskeletal and neurological dysfunction. To understand APA impairment, it is important to first determine if APAs can be measured reliably and which characteristics of APAs are task-invariant.

Research question

What is the test-retest reliability of latency, amplitude and muscle activation patterns (synergies) of trunk APAs during arm-raise and leg-raise tasks, and to what extent are these APA characteristics invariant across tasks at the individual and group levels?

Methods

15 young adults (mean age: 23.7 (±3.2) years) performed six …

Relief And Recovery Activities Conducted By The Better Research, Better Life Foundation (Brblf) In Collaboration With The Caribbean Primate Research Center (Cprc), John L. Vandeberg, B. Predovich, M. I. Rodriguez, C. A. Sariol, M. Khan

School of Medicine Publications

BRBLF, a 501(c)(3) non‐profit organization, is dedicated to the advancement of global preclinical research while focusing on the responsible use of nonhuman primates. Its goal is to optimize the contribution of nonhuman primates to biomedical and behavioral research by fostering innovative collaborations, education, training, and outreach. Immediately after Hurricane Maria, BRBLF and CPRC leadership initiated an emergency plan and began to develop and implement disaster relief and research continuity solutions for Cayo Santiago and the Sabana Seca Field Station. The initial action was to provide satellite phones, which enabled CPRC staff to re‐establish stable communication with the mainland and to …

Pluronic Polymer-Based Ormeloxifene Nanoformulations Induce Superior Anticancer Effects In Pancreatic Cancer Cells, Neeraj Chauhan, Amber Kruse, Hilary Newby, Meena Jaggi, Murali M. Yallapu, Subhash C. Chauhan

School of Medicine Publications

Utilization of safe cytotoxic agents with precise anticancer activity is considered as the prime focus of cancer therapeutics research. A greater incentive for such agents arises from the molecules/drugs that are already being used for other indications. Ormeloxifene (ORM) is a nonsteroidal, nonhormonal selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), which has been in human use for contraception purposes. Although in the recent past, many reports have suggested its emerging role as an anticancer agent, no significant attention was paid toward generating simple and safe nanoformulation( s) for improved therapeutic activity and tumor cell-specific delivery. Our aim is to develop nanoformulation(s) of …

The Monarch Initiative In 2019: An Integrative Data And Analytic Platform Connecting Phenotypes To Genotypes Across Species., Kent A Shefchek, Nomi L Harris, Michael Gargano, Nicolas Matentzoglu, Deepak Unni, Matthew Brush, Daniel Keith, Tom Conlin, Nicole Vasilevsky, Xingmin Aaron Zhang, James P Balhoff, Larry Babb, Susan M. Bello, Hannah Blau, Yvonne Bradford, Seth Carbon, Leigh Carmody, Lauren E Chan, Valentina Cipriani, Alayne Cuzick, Maria D Rocca, Nathan Dunn, Shahim Essaid, Petra Fey, Chris Grove, Jean-Phillipe Gourdine, Ada Hamosh, Midori Harris, Ingo Helbig, Maureen Hoatlin, Marcin Joachimiak, Simon Jupp, Kenneth B Lett, Suzanna E Lewis, Craig Mcnamara, Zoë M Pendlington, Clare Pilgrim, Tim Putman, Vida Ravanmehr, Justin Reese, Erin Riggs, Sofia Robb, Paola Roncaglia, James Seager, Erik Segerdell, Morgan Similuk, Andrea L Storm, Courtney Thaxon, Anne Thessen, Julius O B Jacobsen, Julie A Mcmurry, Tudor Groza, Sebastian Köhler, Damian Smedley, Peter N Robinson, Christopher J Mungall, Melissa A Haendel, Monica C Munoz-Torres, David Osumi-Sutherland

Faculty Research 2020

In biology and biomedicine, relating phenotypic outcomes with genetic variation and environmental factors remains a challenge: patient phenotypes may not match known diseases, candidate variants may be in genes that haven't been characterized, research organisms may not recapitulate human or veterinary diseases, environmental factors affecting disease outcomes are unknown or undocumented, and many resources must be queried to find potentially significant phenotypic associations. The Monarch Initiative (https://monarchinitiative.org) integrates information on genes, variants, genotypes, phenotypes and diseases in a variety of species, and allows powerful ontology-based search. We develop many widely adopted ontologies that together enable sophisticated computational analysis, mechanistic discovery …

Mouse Phenome Database: A Data Repository And Analysis Suite For Curated Primary Mouse Phenotype Data., Molly A. Bogue, Vivek M. Philip, David O Walton, Stephen C. Grubb, Matthew H Dunn, Georgi Kolishovski, Jake Emerson, Gaurab Mukherjee, Timothy M Stearns, Hao He, Vinita Sinha, Beena Kadakkuzha, Govindarajan Kunde-Ramamoorthy, Elissa J Chesler

Faculty Research 2020

The Mouse Phenome Database (MPD; https://phenome.jax.org) is a widely accessed and highly functional data repository housing primary phenotype data for the laboratory mouse accessible via APIs and providing tools to analyze and visualize those data. Data come from investigators around the world and represent a broad scope of phenotyping endpoints and disease-related traits in naïve mice and those exposed to drugs, environmental agents or other treatments. MPD houses rigorously curated per-animal data with detailed protocols. Public ontologies and controlled vocabularies are used for annotation. In addition to phenotype tools, genetic analysis tools enable users to integrate and interpret genome-phenome relations …

Frontotemporal Dementia Nonsense Mutation Of Progranulin Rescued By Aminoglycosides, Lisha Kuang, Kei Hashimoto, Eric J. Huang, Matthew S. Gentry, Haining Zhu

Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry Faculty Publications

Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is an early onset dementia and is characterized by progressive atrophy of the frontal and/or temporal lobes. FTD is highly heritable with mutations in progranulin accounting for 5-26% of cases in different populations. Progranulin is involved in endocytosis, secretion and lysosomal processes, but its function under physiological and pathological conditions remains to be defined. Many FTD-causing nonsense progranulin mutations contain a premature termination codon (PTC), thus progranulin haploinsufficiency has been proposed as a major disease mechanism. Currently, there is no effective FTD treatment or therapy.

Aminoglycosides are a class of antibiotics that possess a less known function …

Generation Of In-Frame Gene Deletion Mutants In Pseudomonas Aeruginosa And Testing For Virulence Attenuation In A Simple Mouse Model Of Infection, Meagan E. Valentine, Brandon D. Kirby, Hongwei D. Yu

Biomedical Sciences

Microorganisms are genetically versatile and diverse and have become a major source of many commercial products and biopharmaceuticals. Though some of these products are naturally produced by the organisms, other products require genetic engineering of the organism to increase the yields of production. Avirulent strains of Escherichia coli have traditionally been the preferred bacterial species for producing biopharmaceuticals; however, some products are difficult for E. coli to produce. Thus, avirulent strains of other bacterial species could provide useful alternatives for production of some commercial products. Pseudomonas eruginosa is a common and well-studied Gram-negative bacterium that could provide a suitable alternative …

Sevoflurane Pre-Conditioning Ameliorates Diabetic Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury Via Differential Regulation Of P38 And Erk., Dina Xie, Jianli Zhao, Rui Guo, Liyuan Jiao, Yanqing Zhang, Wayne Bond Lau, Bernard Lopez, Theodore Christopher, Erhe Gao, Jimin Cao, Xin-Liang Ma, Yajing Wang

Department of Emergency Medicine Faculty Papers

Diabetes mellitus (DM) significantly increases myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury. During DM, cardioprotection induced by conventional pre-conditioning (PreCon) is decreased due to impaired AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling. The current study investigated whether PreCon with inhaled anesthetic sevoflurane (SF-PreCon) remains cardioprotective during DM, and identified the involved mechanisms. Normal diet (ND) and high-fat diet (HFD)-induced DM mice were randomized into control and SF-PreCon (3 cycles of 15-minute period exposures to 2% sevoflurane) groups before MI/R. SF-PreCon markedly reduced MI/R injury in DM mice, as evidenced by improved cardiac function (increased LVEF and ±Dp/dt), decreased infarct size, and decreased apoptosis. To determine …

Doctor, I'M Seeing Two Of Everything., Alex Davis, Christopher M Lloyd

Ambulatory and Primary Care Articles

Acute diplopia is a rare chief complaint with a broad differential diagnosis; key historical and physical characteristics aid with emergency management. This case report discusses the important findings, imaging, and multidisciplinary interaction between emergency medicine, ophthalmology, and neurology regarding the approach to addressing acute painless vertical diplopia. A 51-year-old male presented to the emergency department (ED), reporting that he was seeing 'two of everything,' since awakening. Although the patient had a history of ischemic stroke, he had never experienced this sensation of diplopia. His ED workup was essentially unremarkable; he was admitted for evaluation of the possibilities of a fourth …

A New Regulatory Mechanism Of Protein Phosphatase 2a Activity Via Set In Acute Myeloid Leukemia., Elena Arriazu, Carmen Vicente, Raffaella Pippa, Irene Peris, Elena Martínez-Balsalobre, Patricia García-Ramírez, Nerea Marcotegui, Ana Igea, Diego Alignani, José Rifón, María C. Mateos, María L. Cayuela, Angel R. Nebreda, María D. Odero

Department of Medical Oncology Faculty Papers

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an aggressive hematologic malignancy. Although novel emerging drugs are available, the overall prognosis remains poor and new therapeutic approaches are required. PP2A phosphatase is a key regulator of cell homeostasis and is recurrently inactivated in AML. The anticancer activity of several PP2A-activating drugs (e.g., FTY720) depends on their interaction with the SET oncoprotein, an endogenous PP2A inhibitor that is overexpressed in 30% of AML cases. Elucidation of SET regulatory mechanisms may therefore provide novel targeted therapies for SET-overexpressing AMLs. Here, we show that upregulation of protein kinase p38β is a common event in AML. We …

Highly Efficient Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Reprogramming Of Cryopreserved Lymphoblastoid Cell Lines, Satish Kumar, Joanne E. Curran, Erika C. Espinoza, David C. Glahn, John Blangero

School of Medicine Publications

Tissue culture based in-vitro experimental modeling of human inherited disorders provides insight into the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved and the underlying genetic component influencing the disease phenotype. The breakthrough development of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology represents a quantum leap in experimental modeling of human diseases, providing investigators with a self-renewing and thus unlimited source of pluripotent cells for targeted differentiation into functionally relevant disease specific tissue/cell types. The existing rich bio-resource of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) immortalized lymphoblastoid cell line (LCL) repositories generated from a wide array of patients in genetic and epidemiological studies worldwide, many of them …

Building Bodies, Building Minds, Lis Regula

Learning Teaching Forum

Kennedy Union 211

Majors level Human Anatomy has long been taught as a gatekeeping class for medical schools of graduate schools, and has been highly professionalized due to this. It has also been constructed historically in a very hierarchical paradigm that has multiple oppressions supporting both the study of anatomy and the anatomy classroom. Besides these social issues around anatomy, there are the pedagogical issues of treating this material as something to just memorize and not understand that can cause problems for a student of anatomy. Disrupting these processes can be a very powerful force for anti-racism, anti-sexism, and hopefully …

Medicine And The Museum: An Experiential Case Study In Art History Pedagogy And Practice, Marcia Brennan

Art History Pedagogy & Practice

This article brings three scholarly and professional perspectives to bear on museum-based learning experiences for undergraduate pre-medical and STEM students. In the first section, Marcia Brennan describes the seminar on “Medicine and the Museum: Clinical Aesthetics and the Museum of Fine Arts, Houston” that she teaches at Rice University. Brennan is a modernist art historian, and her discussion focuses on the ways in which classes such as this can contribute meaningfully to undergraduate pre-medical and STEM education. Brennan collaborated with Joshua Eyler, who served as Executive Director of Rice University’s Center for Teaching Excellence. In the second section, Eyler discusses …

Investigating The Potential And Pitfalls Of Ev-Encapsulated Micrornas As Circulating Biomarkers Of Breast Cancer, Brian M. Moloney, Katie E. Gilligan, Doireann P. Joyce, Clodagh P. O'Neill, Killian P. O'Brien, Sonja Khan, Claire L. Glynn, Ronan M. Waldron, Ciarán M. Maguire, Emma Holian, Erin Naughton, Mohamed Elhadi, Andrea B. Grealish, Carmel Malone, Emma Mcdermott, Peter Dockery, Thomas Ritter, Adriele Prina-Mello, Michael J. Kerin, Róisín M. Dwyer

Forensic Science Publications

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) shuttle microRNA (miRNA) throughout the circulation and are believed to represent a fingerprint of the releasing cell. We isolated and characterized serum EVs of breast tumour-bearing animals, breast cancer (BC) patients, and healthy controls. EVs were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), protein quantification, western blotting, and nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA). Absolute quantitative (AQ)-PCR was employed to analyse EV-miR-451a expression. Isolated EVs had the appropriate morphology and size. Patient sera contained significantly more EVs than did healthy controls. In tumour-bearing animals, a correlation between serum EV number and tumour burden was observed. There was no significant relationship …

Immune-Mediated Genetic Pathways Resulting In Pulmonary Function Impairment Increase Lung Cancer Susceptibility, Linda Kachuri, Mattias Johansson, Sara R. Rashkin, Rebecca E. Graff, Yohan Bossé, Venkata Manem, Neil E. Caporaso, Maria Teresa Landi, David C. Christiani, Paolo Vineis, Geoffrey Liu, Ghislaine Scelo, David Zaridze, Sanjay S Shete, Demetrius Albanes, Melinda C. Aldrich, Adonina Tardón, Gad Rennert, Chu Chen, Gary E. Goodman, Jennifer A. Doherty, Heike Bickeböller, John K. Field, Michael P Davies, M. Dawn Teare, Lambertus A. Kiemeney, Stig E. Bojesen, Aage Haugen, Shanbeh Zienolddiny, Stephen Lam, Loïc Le Marchand, Iona Cheng, Matthew B. Schabath, Eric J. Duell, Angeline S. Andrew, Jonas Manjer, Philip Lazarus, Susanne M. Arnold, James D. Mckay, Nima C. Emami, Matthew T. Warkentin, Yonathan Brhane, Ma'en Obeidat, Richard M. Martin, Caroline Relton, George Davey Smith, Philip C. Haycock, Christopher I. Amos, Paul Brennan, John S. Witte, Rayjean J. Hung

Markey Cancer Center Faculty Publications

Impaired lung function is often caused by cigarette smoking, making it challenging to disentangle its role in lung cancer susceptibility. Investigation of the shared genetic basis of these phenotypes in the UK Biobank and International Lung Cancer Consortium (29,266 cases, 56,450 controls) shows that lung cancer is genetically correlated with reduced forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV₁: r_g = 0.098, p = 2.3 × 10^-8) and the ratio of FEV₁ to forced vital capacity (FEV₁/FVC: r_g = 0.137, p = 2.0 × 10^-12). Mendelian randomization analyses demonstrate that …

Deliver On Your Own: Disrespectful Maternity Care In Rural Kenya, Adelaide Lusambili, Violet Naanyu, Terrance J. Wade, Lindsay Mossman, Michaela Mantel, Rachel Pell, Angela Ng'etich, Kennedy Mulama, Lucy Nyaga, Jerim Obure, Marleen Temmerman

Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa

Background: Under the Free Maternity Policy (FMP), Kenya has witnessed an increase in health facility deliveries rather than home deliveries with Traditional Birth Attendants (TBA) resulting in improved maternal and neonatal outcomes. Despite these gains, maternal and infant mortality and morbidity rates in Kenya remain unacceptably high indicating that more needs to be done.

Aim: Using data from the Access to Quality Care through Extending and Strengthening Health Systems (AQCESS) project’s qualitative gender assessment, this paper examines women’s experience of disrespectful care during pregnancy, labour, and delivery. The goal is to promote an improved understanding of the actual care conditions …

Cryo-Em Structure Of Nucleotide-Bound Tel1atm Unravels The Molecular Basis Of Inhibition And Structural Rationale For Disease-Associated Mutations, Luke A Yates, Rhys M Williams, Sarem Hailemariam, Rafael Ayala, Peter Burgers, Xiaodong Zhang

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Yeast Tel1 and its highly conserved human ortholog ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) are large protein kinases central to the maintenance of genome integrity. Mutations in ATM are found in ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T) patients and ATM is one of the most frequently mutated genes in many cancers. Using cryoelectron microscopy, we present the structure of Tel1 in a nucleotide-bound state. Our structure reveals molecular details of key residues surrounding the nucleotide binding site and provides a structural and molecular basis for its intrinsically low basal activity. We show that the catalytic residues are in a productive conformation for catalysis, but the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-related …

Musical Expertise Generalizes To Superior Temporal Scaling In A Morse Code Tapping Task, Matthew A. Slayton, Juan L. Romero-Sosa, Katrina Shore, Dean V. Buonomano, Indre Viskontas

Psychology

A key feature of the brain’s ability to tell time and generate complex temporal patterns is its capacity to produce similar temporal patterns at different speeds. For example, humans can tie a shoe, type, or play an instrument at different speeds or tempi—a phenomenon referred to as temporal scaling. While it is well established that training improves timing precision and accuracy, it is not known whether expertise improves temporal scaling, and if so, whether it generalizes across skill domains. We quantified temporal scaling and timing precision in musicians and non-musicians as they learned to tap a Morse code sequence. We …

What's Happening: January 6, 2020, Maine Medical Center

What's Happening

No abstract provided.

Working Memory In Collegiate Athletes And Non-Athletes: A Comparison Of Team-Sports Athletes, Solo-Sports Athletes, Frequent Exercisers And Infrequent Exercisers, Tara T. Lineweaver, Suneeta Kercood, Elyse B. Morgan, Shelby L. Rampone, Colleen C. Frank, Scott A. Mcluckie

Scholarship and Professional Work - LAS

Past research suggests that exercise is associated with improved working memory (WM) abilities, and that athletes have better executive functioning and WM skills than non-athletes. However, no studies to date have separated the effects of exercise from the effects of athletic participation when examining WM. This study had three primary goals: (1) to determine whether amateur college athletes have better auditory and visual WM than their non-athlete peers who exercise frequently and whether non-athlete frequent exercisers have better WM than non-athlete infrequent exercisers (2) to determine whether amateur participation in particular types of sports (team-based versus solo sports) corresponds to …

Exploring The Experiences Of The Older Adults Who Are Brought To Live In Shelter Homes In Karachi, Pakistan: A Qualitative Study, Laila Akber Cassum, Keith Cash, Waris Qidwai Dr, Samina Vertejee

School of Nursing & Midwifery

Background: The traditional joint family system in a culturally diverse Pakistani society shows great respect and care for older population by the families and their generations. However, in the recent years the phenomenon of population ageing in Pakistan is rapidly increasing due to demographic shift influencing life expectancy, along with changes in socio-cultural values. This transition has resulted in institutionalization of the elderly as an emerging shelter alternative. The aim of this study was to explore the experiences of the elderly people and to identify the reason which compelled them to reside in these shelter homes.
Method: A …

Ada News - 01/06/2020, American Dental Association, Publishing Division

ADA News

Established in 1970 as the official newspaper of the American Dental Association, the ADA News serves practicing dentists and others allied to the dental profession in the U.S. and internationally. It is the No. 1 source of news and information about the many benefits and services the ADA delivers to members daily as well as timely information on scientific, social, political and economic developments affecting dentistry and health care.

The Operative Management In Bariatric Acute Abdomen (Oba) Survey: Long-Term Complications Of Bariatric Surgery And The Emergency Surgeon's Point Of View., Belinda De Simone, Luca Ansaloni, Massimo Sartelli, Yoram Kluger, Fikri M. Abu-Zidan, Walter L. Biffl, Arianna Heyer, Federico Coccolini, Gian Luca Baiocchi, Oba Trial Supporters

Student Papers, Posters & Projects

Background: The number of bariatric procedures is increasing worldwide. No consensus or guidelines about the emergency management of long-term complications following bariatric surgery are currently available. The aim of this study is to investigate by a web survey how an emergency surgeon approaches this unique group of patients in an emergency medical scenario and to report their personal experience.

Method: An international web survey was sent to 197 emergency surgeons with the aim to collect data about emergency surgeons' experience in the management of patients admitted in the emergency department for acute abdominal pain after bariatric surgery. The survey was …

The Role Of Occupational Therapy For Homeless Women And Women At-Risk Of Homelessness, Kelcey Storkersen

Student Capstone Papers

This paper seeks to identify the occupational barriers and needs of homeless women and women at risk of homelessness. A qualitative research study was performed to learn more about the lived experience of two women at-risk of homelessness. Themes uncovered in this study are described in order to provide more understanding and advocacy for this population. A program proposal was delivered for future fieldwork students to provide occupational therapy students at this resource center.

Preoperative Maximization To Reduce Complications In Spinal Surgery, Sukanta Maitra, Christopher Mikhail, Samuel K. Cho, Michael D. Daubs

School of Medicine Faculty Research

Study design: Invited narrative review. Objectives: The aim of this review was to summarize current literature regarding risk factors that surgeons can optimize in the preoperative setting in the spinal surgery patient, in order to reduce complications and improve patient-reported outcomes. Methods: Review of the relevant literature by the authors. Results: Modifiable risk factors identified relative to the patient include obesity, malnutrition/nutrient deficiency, diabetes/hyperglycemia, preoperative anemia, vitamin D/DEXA (dual-energy radiograph absorptiometry), nicotine use/smoking, and opioid use/psychosocial factors. Conclusion: By maximizing a patient's physiological and psychological status prior to elective spine surgery, we may move closer to achieving the goals of …

Using Big Data To Promote Precision Oral Health In The Context Of A Learning Healthcare System, Joseph Finkelstein, Frederick Zhang, Seth A. Levitin, David Cappelli

Dental Medicine Faculty Research

There has been a call for evidence‐based oral healthcare guidelines, to improve precision dentistry and oral healthcare delivery. The main challenges to this goal are the current lack of up‐to‐date evidence, the limited integrative analytical data sets, and the slow translations to routine care delivery. Overcoming these issues requires knowledge discovery pipelines based on big data and health analytics, intelligent integrative informatics approaches, and learning health systems. This article examines how this can be accomplished by utilizing big data. These data can be gathered from four major streams: patients, clinical data, biological data, and normative data sets. All these must …

Tusm Faculty Appointments And Promotions 2019

Journal of Maine Medical Center

No abstract provided.

Reviewer Acknowledgement 2019

Journal of Maine Medical Center

No abstract provided.

Injection Drug Use And Care Charges For Infective Endocarditis, Verity N. Ramirez, Jenny L. Carwile, Kristina Rokas, Wendy Craig, Kinna Thakarar

Journal of Maine Medical Center

No abstract provided.