Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Ada Constitution & Bylaws (2017), American Dental Association

Constitution & Bylaws

The ADA Commons Constitution & Bylaws archival collection comprises printed issues of the American Dental Association's Constitution and Bylaws. The collection also includes the ADA Charter and the ADA Code of Ethics issued 1924-1946.

Different Not Less: An Evaluation Of The Autism Training Curriculum For The Kentucky Department Of Criminal Justice Training, Joseph Aaron Ellis

Online Theses and Dissertations

Autism spectrum disorder is one of the largest growing neurological behavioral disabilities in the United States, with a rise in diagnoses from 2012 (1 in 88) to present day (1 in 68). Studies have shown that individuals with disabilities are more likely to be victimized. Thus, the increasing diagnoses of ASD increases the chance that a victim of crime will have ASD. Police officers should have a working and growing knowledge of ASD from day one, for this reason. This exploratory study uses a literature review of autism spectrum disorder in order to develop an evaluation to analyze the curriculum …

Variation In Organ-Specific Pik3ca And Kras Mutant Levels In Normal Human Tissues Correlates With Mutation Prevalence In Corresponding Carcinomas, Barbara L. Parsons, Karen L. Mckim, Meagan B. Myers

United States Food and Drug Administration: Publications

Large-scale sequencing efforts have described the mutational complexity of individual cancers and identified mutations prevalent in different cancers. As a complementary approach, allele specific competitive blocker PCR (ACB-PCR) is being used to quantify levels of hotspot cancer driver mutations (CDMs) with high sensitivity, to elucidate the tissue-specific properties of CDMs, their occurrence as tumor cell subpopulations, and their occurrence in normal tissues. Here we report measurements of PIK3CA H1047R mutant fraction (MF) in normal colonic mucosa, normal lung, colonic adenomas, colonic adenocarcinomas, and lung adenocarcinomas. We report PIK3CA E545K MF measurements in those tissues, as well as in normal breast, …

Cyclosporine Exacerbates Ketamine Toxicity In Zebrafish: Mechanistic Studies On Drug–Drug Interaction, Bonnie L. Robinson, Melanie Dumas, Syed F. Ali, Merle G. Paule, Qiang Gu, Jyotshna Kanungo

United States Food and Drug Administration: Publications

Cyclosporine A (CsA) is an immunosuppressive drug commonly used in organ transplant patients to prevent allograft rejections. Ketamine is a pediatric anesthetic that noncompetitively inhibits the calcium-permeable N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptors. Adverse drug–drug interaction effects between ketamine and CsA have been reported in mammals and humans. However, the mechanism of such drug–drug interaction is unclear. We have previously reported adverse effects of combination drugs, such as verapamil/ketamine and shown the mechanism through intervention by other drugs in zebrafish embryos. Here, we show that ketamine and CsA in combination produce developmental toxicity even leading to lethality in zebrafish larvae when exposure began …

Detection Of Allergen Markers In Food: Analytical Methods, Girdhari M. Sharma, Sefat E. Khuda, Christine H. Parker, Anne C. Eischeid, Marion Pereira

United States Food and Drug Administration: Publications

Food allergens are proteins that are well tolerated by most, but can cause severe reactions in sensitive individuals. Since there is no cure for food allergy, strict adherence to an allergen-free diet is the only safe choice currently available for allergic consumers. Accurate food labeling can help consumers avoid foods containing an allergenic ingredient. Regulatory agencies have mandated the labeling of major food allergens on packaged foods to help with safe food choices. However, the inadvertent presence of an allergen in food due to cross-contact and labeling error can jeopardize consumer health. Analytical methods are developed for allergen detection and …

Current Analytical Techniques For Food Lipids, Cynthia T. Srigley, Magdi M. Mossoba

United States Food and Drug Administration: Publications

Thee analysis of food lipids presents significant challenges due to the wide variety of sample matrices, large range of total fat contents, and complex compositions of fatty acids. This is chapter reviews conventional analytical techniques for the quantification of total fat and fatty acids in foods and food ingredients, including the gravimetric determination of total fat, the calculation of fat and fatty acids using gas chromatography (GC), and the analysis of proximates content (i.e., fat, protein, carbohydrate, moisture, and ash) by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Current official methods of analysis are evaluated and the use of certified reference materials …

Multiple Imputation To Evaluate The Impact Of An Assay Change In National Surveys, Maya Sternberg

United States Food and Drug Administration: Publications

National health surveys, such as the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, are used to monitor trends of nutritional biomarkers. These surveys try to maintain the same biomarker assay over time, but there are a variety of reasons why the assay may change. In these cases, it is important to evaluate the potential impact of a change so that any observed fluctuations in concentrations over time are not confounded by changes in the assay. To this end, a subset of stored specimens previously analyzed with the old assay is retested using the new assay. These paired data are used to …

Rapid Testing Of Food Matrices For Bacillus Cereus Enterotoxins, Sandra M. Tallent, Jennifer M. Hait, Ann M. Knolhoff, Reginald W. Bennett, Thomas S. Hammack, Timothy R. Croley

United States Food and Drug Administration: Publications

Nine different food products frequently associated with Bacillus cereus outbreaks were chosen as representative matrices to be evaluated with end-point polymerase chain reaction (PCR), enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, lateral flow device and mass spectrometry for detection of enterotoxins associated with human illness. Testing was performed on food portions inoculated with a bacterial strain and incubated at 30C for either 5 h or 24 h. A screening end-point multiplex PCR targeting enterotoxin genes including the emetic toxin and three diarrheal toxins, hemolytic hemolysin BL (Hbl), nonhemoltyic enterotoxin (Nhe), and cytolysin K. Commercially available kits were used to determine the presence/absence of …

Antiemetic Use Among Pregnant Women In The United States: The Escalating Use Of Ondansetron, Lockwood G. Taylor, Steven T. Bird, Leyla Sahin, Melissa S. Tassinari, Patty Greene, Marsha E. Reichman, Susan E. Andrade, Katherine Haffenreffer, Sengwee Toh

United States Food and Drug Administration: Publications

Purpose To examine ondansetron use in pregnancy in the context of other antiemetic use among a large insured United States population of women delivering live births.

Methods We assessed ondansetron and other antiemetic use among pregnant women delivering live births between 2001 and 2015 in 15 data partners contributing data to the Mini-Sentinel Distributed Database. We identified live birth pregnancies using a validated algorithm, and all forms of ondansetron and other available antiemetics were identified using National Drug Codes or procedure codes. We assessed the prevalence of antiemetic use by trimester, calendar year, and formulation.

Results In over 2.3 million …

Food Safety Traceability, Yimin Wei, Boli Guo, Hongyan Liu, Shuai Wei, Jianrong Zhang

United States Food and Drug Administration: Publications

With globalized economics, it is becoming more frequent to trade food across country and regional borders, which leads to expanding and spreading of all kinds of food safety incidents and hazards. Mad cow disease, foot and mouth disease, avian flu and other zoonotic diseases pose a grave threat to food safety and human health, causing serious economic losses for food industries and causing social panic at the same time. In order to reduce the losses caused by such serious zoonotic diseases, as well as to ensure food safety, many countries have started to implement food safety traceability systems. The European …

Quality By Design: Process Trajectory Development For A Dynamic Pharmaceutical Coprecipitation Process Based On An Integrated Real‐Time Process Monitoring Strategy, Huiquan Wu, Mansoor A. Khan

United States Food and Drug Administration: Publications

Increasing prevalence of poorly water‐soluble drugs in pharmaceutical development provides notable risks of new products demonstrating low and erratic bioavailability. This dissolution‐limited bioavailability may have consequences for safety and efficacy, particularly for drugs delivered by the oral route of administration. Several novel drug delivery technologies have been developed to improve drug solubility, dissolution rates, and bioavailability. Among those are solid dispersion, nanotechnology, supercritical fluid technology, lipid‐based technology, and crystal engineering. Although these strategies are available for enhancing the bioavailability of drugs with low aqueous solubility, the success of these approaches is not yet guaranteed and is greatly dependent on the …

The Impact Of The Boxed Warning On The Duration Of Use For Depot Medroxprogesterone Acetate, Efe Eworuke, Joo-Yeon Lee, Lisa Soule, Vaishali Popat, David G. Moeny

United States Food and Drug Administration: Publications

Objective The objective of this study was to examine the impact of the Food and Drug Administration’s boxed warning on the utilization of depot medroxyprogesterone (DMPA).

Methods From the IMS Lifelink data (2001–2009), we identified DMPA and oral combined hormonal contraceptive (CHC) users without a prescription claim 6 months before and after the first and last claim. Episodes were defined as all contiguous claims with no more than 90- day DMPA or 30-day CHC between claims. Days’ supply (CHC) and 90-day duration (DMPA) was used to determine episodes. We used interrupted time series to evaluate changes in the mean episode …

Modeling And Statistical Issues Related To Salmonella In Low Water Activity Foods, Sofia M. Santillana Farakos, Michelle Danyluk, Donald Schaffner, Régis Pouillot, Linda J. Harris, Bradley P. Marks

United States Food and Drug Administration: Publications

The presence and survival of Salmonella in low water activity (a_w) foods continues to pose a challenge for the food industry. Peer‐reviewed literature data on prevalence and levels of contamination of Salmonella in low water activity foods in the United States are limited. Available published data include those on: Salmonella contamination on nuts and peanuts (Calhoun et al., 2013), almonds (Danyluk et al., 2007; Bansal et al., 2010), pecans (Brar, Strawn, and Danyluk, 2016), and walnuts (Davidson et al., 2015); prevalence and levels of Salmonella on spices (Van Doren et al., 2013); as …

Disparities In Hypertension And Cardiovascular Disease In Blacks: The Critical Role Of Medication Adherence, Keith C. Ferdinand, Kapil Yadav, Samar A. Nasser, Helene D. Clayton-Jeter, John Lewin, Dennis R. Cryer, Fortunato Fred Senatore

United States Food and Drug Administration: Publications

Blacks are two to three times as likely as whites to die of preventable heart disease and stroke. Declines in mortality from heart disease have not eliminated racial disparities. Control and effective treatment of hypertension, a leading cause of cardiovascular disease, among blacks is less than in whites and remains a challenge. One of the driving forces behind this racial/ethnic disparity is medication nonadherence whose cause is embedded in social determinants. Eight practical approaches to addressing medication adherence with the potential to attenuate disparities were identified and include: (1) patient engagement strategies, (2) consumer-directed health care, (3) patient portals, (4) …

Current Practices In Corrosion, Surface Characterization, And Nickel Leach Testing Of Cardiovascular Metallic Implants, Srinidhi Nagaraja, Matthew Di Prima, David Saylor, Erica Takai

United States Food and Drug Administration: Publications

In an effort to better understand current test practices and improve nonclinical testing of cardiovascular metallic implants, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) held a public workshop on Cardiovascular Metallic Implants: corrosion, surface characterization, and nickel leaching. The following topics were discussed: (1) methods used for corrosion assessments, surface characterization techniques, and nickel leach testing of metallic cardiovascular implant devices, (2) the limitations of each of these in vitro tests in predicting in vivo performance, (3) the need, utility, and circumstances when each test should be considered, and (4) the potential testing paradigms, including acceptance criteria for each test. In …

High Throughput Quantification Of Apolipoproteins A-I And B-100 By Isotope Dilution Ms Targeting Fast Trypsin Releasable Peptides Without Reduction And Alkylation, Bryan A. Parks, David M. Schieltz, Michael L. Andrews, Michael S. Gardner, John C. Rees, Christopher A. Toth, Jeffrey I. Jones, Lisa G. Mcwilliams, Zsuzsanna Kuklenyik, James L. Pirkle, John R. Barr

United States Food and Drug Administration: Publications

Purpose: Apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I) and apolipoprotein B-100 (ApoB-100) are amphipathic proteins that are strong predictors of cardiovascular disease risk. The traceable calibration of apolipoprotein assays is a persistent challenge, especially for ApoB-100, which cannot be solubilized in purified form.

Experimental design: A simultaneous quantitation method for ApoA-I and ApoB-100 was developed using tryptic digestion without predigestion reduction and alkylation, followed by LC separation coupled with isotope dilution MS analysis. The accuracy of the method was assured by selecting structurally exposed signature peptides, optimal choice of detergent, protein: enzyme ratio, and incubation time. Peptide calibrators were value assigned by isobaric tagging …

Abnormal Glycosylation In Joubert Syndrome Type 10., Megan S Kane, Mariska Davids, Michelle R Bond, Christopher J Adams, Megan E Grout, Ian G Phelps, Gilbert Vezina, +Several Additional Authors

Neurology Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: The discovery of disease pathogenesis requires systematic agnostic screening of multiple homeostatic processes that may become deregulated. We illustrate this principle in the evaluation and diagnosis of a 5-year-old boy with Joubert syndrome type 10 (JBTS10). He carried the OFD1 mutation p.Gln886Lysfs*2 (NM_003611.2: c.2656del) and manifested features of Joubert syndrome.

METHODS: We integrated exome sequencing, MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry analyses of plasma and cultured dermal fibroblasts glycomes, and full clinical evaluation of the proband. Analyses of cilia formation and lectin staining were performed by immunofluorescence. Measurement of cellular nucleotide sugar levels was performed with high-performance anion-exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric …

Hemiataxia: A Novel Presentation Of Anti-Nmda Receptor Antibody Mediated Encephalitis In An Adolescent., Greg D Phillips, Gillian N Jones, Maureen Callaghan, Marc P Difazio

Neurology Faculty Publications

Anti-NMDA receptor antibody associated encephalitis as a cause of new-onset neuropsychiatric manifestations in children and adults can represent a significant diagnostic challenge for clinicians. Clinical signs often include encephalopathy, new-onset psychosis, and movement phenomenon. Although orofacial dyskinesias were initially identified as a characteristic movement phenomenon in this type of encephalitis, an expanded range of abnormalities has recently been reported, including isolated ataxia. We report a case of isolated hemiataxia in a young adult with mild initial psychiatric manifestations. A personal and family history of preceding neuropsychiatric symptoms produced diagnostic confusion and resulted in a significant diagnostic and therapeutic delay. Our …

The Effect Of Hiv Infection And Hcv Viremia On Inflammatory Mediators And Hepatic Injury-The Women's Interagency Hiv Study., Sheila M Keating, Jennifer L Dodge, Philip J Norris, John Heitman, Stephen J Gange, Audrey L French, Marshall J Glesby, Brian R Edlin, Patricia S Latham, Maria C Villacres, Ruth M Greenblatt, Marion G Peters

Pathology Faculty Publications

Hepatitis C virus infection induces inflammation and while it is believed that HIV co-infection enhances this response, HIV control may reduce inflammation and liver fibrosis in resolved or viremic HCV infection. Measurement of systemic biomarkers in co-infection could help define the mechanism of inflammation on fibrosis and determine if HIV control reduces liver pathology. A nested case-control study was performed to explore the relationship of systemic biomarkers of inflammation with liver fibrosis in HCV viremic and/or seropositive women with and without HIV infection. Serum cytokines, chemokines, growth factors and cell adhesion molecules were measured in HIV uninfected (HIV-, n = …

How Leaders Market And Commercialize Healthcare Technology Innovation, Roxie Mooney, Rocky J. Dwyer Dr.

Walden Faculty and Staff Publications

This study investigates what strategies technology development marketing leaders utilized to commercialize a new product innovation in the healthcare market. Analysis of data generated 3 major themes: strategies implemented during the prelaunch phase, strategies implemented during the pilot customer phase, and strategies implemented in the broader market launch phase of the CoI process. Findings from this study may contribute to maximizing commercial success and the diffusion of new product innovations in healthcare, which might lead to better patient outcomes and enhanced ways of practicing medicine.

Occupational Therapy Program 2017, Nova Southeastern University

Health Professions Divisions Course Catalogs and Course Descriptions

No abstract provided.

Role Emerging Placements In Undergraduate Occupational Therapy Training: A Case Study, Martin Fitzgerald, Abigail Kate Smith, Nazman Rehman, Michelle Taylor

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Purpose: Role-emerging placements in occupational therapy training are contributing to professional and workforce development because of their strong occupational focus and placement of students in emerging practice. This manuscript explores how one role-emerging placement challenged and developed student theoretical and clinical skills, presented new ways of working at the recipient site, and enhanced service delivery. Methods: The background to role-emerging placements in occupational therapy is explored through the use of a case study which reflects on and analyses how the assessment and treatment of occupation enhanced service delivery at a local, non-traditional site. Eight students in England developed and …

Organizational Improvement Readiness Assessment (Oira) Tool Evaluation, Leslie Hough Falk

Doctor of Nursing Practice Projects

Background: Research shows that despite an increase in the number of organizational improvement initiatives there is a lack of consistent, sustained outcomes. Organizations struggle with how to reliably and accurately measure their readiness to drive and sustain outcomes. A search of the literature failed to identify a comprehensive, evidence-based tool that has been developed or evaluated to assess organizational improvement readiness. The objective of this project was to evaluate a newly developed Organizational Improvement Readiness Assessment (OIRA) Tool.

Project Design: Guided by two theoretical models, Delphi-Based Systems Architecting Framework (DB-SAF) and the Rogers Diffusion of Innovation Model, a 3-round, modified …

Creating A Rural Nursing Workforce, Heidi Johnston

Doctor of Nursing Practice Projects

Background: Nursing students living in rural areas often encounter barriers, real or perceived, to receiving education. These students may be unable to leave home to obtain higher education due to expectations, financial issues, and geography (Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, 2010), thus contributing to a shortage of qualified nurses in rural communities. Great Basin College (GBC) recently implemented synchronized distance education Synchronized Distance Education (SDE) for the (AAS) nursing program, and there was a need to conduct a program evaluation in order to maintain/improve program quality. One goal of Healthy People 2020 (2014) is improving access to comprehensive, quality healthcare services. …

Improving Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Skills Using Unit Based Simulation, Lesa R. Smith

Nursing Theses and Capstone Projects

The performance and quick interventions by nurses during a code blue event can have significant impact on patient outcomes. Code blue events can be stressful for nurses practicing in the medical surgical environment where, since the implementation of rapid response teams, the number of code blue events has decreased. The traditional basic life support (BLS) offering in the acute care settings offers nurses the opportunity to practice cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) with manikins and automatic external defibrillators (AED). However, the experience is lacking real working environment teams and equipment in which nurses practice every day. It is also well documented in …

Incorporating Caring Competencies In The Academic Setting Through Simulation, Rebecca Marie Cheyne Threatt

Nursing Theses and Capstone Projects

Teaching caring, caring science, and the importance of caring competencies incorporated throughout the academic curriculum is vital in healthcare education. The purpose of this project is to increase the focus and importance of caring through didactic, interactive activities, and simulation experiences to promote the modeling and incorporation of caring competencies throughout the curriculum. Boykin and Schoenhofer's Caring Theory (2001) framework makes the assumption all persons are caring, and notes the caring relationship between the nurse/provider and the patient takes place in both actual practice and the simulated environment. A convenience sample of 32 first year ADN students enrolled in a …

Telephone Follow-Up To Reduce The Readmission Rate In Gynecologic Oncology Surgery Patients, Karla Kenyon Fernandez

Nursing Theses and Capstone Projects

Unplanned hospital readmissions are commonly viewed as a marker of poor quality care and result in increased costs for both healthcare institutions and patients. Factors associated with readmission for gynecological oncology patients can be related to the radical surgical interventions required for the management of their disease, as well as complex comorbidity profiles, surgical complexity, cancer stage, and perioperative complications. The purpose of this study was to explore and examine the impact of nursing-led telephone follow up on the reduction of the readmission rate in gynecologic oncology abdominal surgery patients following initial discharge post-operatively. A cross-sectional research study was used …

Transformational Leadership Assessment Of Nurse Managers And Assistant Nurse Managers, Susan Braun Duggar

Nursing Theses and Capstone Projects

Transformational Leadership behaviors are essential to build and sustain a healthy work environment in healthcare. Nurse Managers who possess transformational leadership behaviors lead nursing teams with a higher degree of engagement, work satisfaction, and retention. The purpose of this project was to perform an assessment of transformational leadership characteristics among nurse managers and assistant nurse managers, develop an educational program to teach transformational leadership behaviors, and incorporate a transformational leadership assessment into the orientation onboarding process of new nurse managers and assistant nurse managers. The Full Range Leadership Model (FRLM) asserts leaders should use multiple leadership characteristics or behaviors to …

Assessing For Barriers To Shared Governance To Increase Employee Engagement, Cheryl Allison Motte

Nursing Theses and Capstone Projects

Empirical evidence supports the numerous benefits to an organization with engaged employees as well as benefits to those engaged employees. Never-the-less, over half of American workers are not engaged in their work. In healthcare, nurses score the lowest of all professional healthcare disciplines with engagement. Participation in shared governance has been shown to increase work engagement. The purpose of this MSN descriptive research is to assess for barriers to participation in shared governance and increase work engagement on a geriatric behavioral health unit. The study began with an online shared governance needs assessment questionnaire followed by the Utrecht Work Engagement …

Depression And Personal Depression Stigma Among Hospital Employed Nurses, Christy Herman Moose

Nursing Theses and Capstone Projects

Background. Nurses experience depression at twice the rate of the general public. Personal depression stigma may complicate the issue by creating a barrier to help-seeking behaviors. This study sought to determine if depressed nurses have a higher rate of personal depression stigma than non-depressed nurses. Method. This study used a quantitative study design and a convenience sampling method of nurses at a community hospital. Data was obtained using a web-based survey that included the Patient Health Questionnaire 9 item depression scale (PHQ-9) and the Depression Stigma Scale – personal (DSS – personal). The total depression score (TDS) was used to …