Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Improved Growth Performance By Type 2 Porcine Reproductive And Respiratory Syndrome Virus (Prrsv)-Based Modified Live Vaccine In A Herd With Concurrent Circulation Of Type 1 And Type 2 Prrsv, Ikjae Kang, Hei Suk Kang, Jiwoon Jeong, Changhoon Park, Seeun Kim, Kyuhyung Choi, Su-Jin Park, Sung-Min Hwang, Beomseok Oh, Sung-Hoon Kim, Byunghak Kang, Chanhee Chae

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The objective of this study was to evaluate type 2 porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV)-based modified live vaccine in a herd with concurrent circulation of type 1 and type 2 PRRSV. Type 2 PRRSV-based modified live vaccine improved average daily gain by 48.24 grams/pig/day (631.17 grams/pig/day in the vaccinated group vs 582.93 grams/pig/day in the unvaccinated group; P < 0.05). Pathological examination indicated that the vaccination effectively reduced microscopic lung lesions compared with the control animals. The protection of this vaccine against type 1 and type 2 PRRSV provides clinical control of co-infection with both genotypes under field conditions.

Sequencing Characterization And Expression Analysis Of Interferon Gamma (Ifn-Γ) In Rusa Deer (Rusa Timorensis) And Thai Cervidae, Sirinart Chaichanathong, Worawidh Wajjwalku, Manakorn Sukmak, Boripat Siriaroonrat, Tarasak Nipanunt, Nikorn Thongtip

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

To date, the interferon gamma (IFN-γ) assay has become an important diagnostic tool which is applied alternatively to define infection of intracellular pathogens. In this study, the molecular characteristics of IFN-γ in Rusa deer (Rusa timorensis), Hog deer (Axis porcinus), Sambar deer (Rusa unicolor) and Eld’s deer (Rucervus eldii) were determined. Among the cervid family, the analysis of IFN-γ cDNA sequences indicated 5 polymorphism nucleotide positions. Deduced IFN-γ amino acid compositions among the cervid group were negligibly different (98-100% homology). Preliminary quantification of IFN-γ mRNA expression in the cervidae by reverse transcription quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was demonstrated. …

Localized Histiocytic Sarcoma In A Captive Capybara (Hydrochoerus Hydrochaeris), Saralee Srivorakul, Kittikorn Boonsri, Thewarach Vechmanus, Pinich Boonthong, M. Gerard O’Sullivan, Kidsadagon Pringproa

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

An irregular, subcutaneous mass (2x3x2 cm) located between the first and second digits of the left hindlimb of a nine-year-old, male, captive capybara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) was biopsied. Microscopically, the mass scattered throughout the dermis. The neoplastic cells were arranged in solid-sheet patterns and comprised of pleomorphic histiocytic cells with pleomorphic nuclei and abundant eosinophillic cytoplasm. Mitotic figures were 2-3 cells/HPF. Numerous, multinucleated, giant cells, up to 10 nuclei/cells, were also prominently observed and found scattered throughout the mass. Immunohistochemically, the neoplastic cells were strongly positive for vimentin and ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba-1), while immunoreactivity for cytokeratin was negative. …

What Is Your Diagnosis?, Chutimon Thanaboonnipat, Nan Choisunirachon

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

Relationship Of Temperature-Humidity Index With Milk Production And Feed Intake Of Holstein-Frisian Cows In Different Year Seasons, Tibor Könyves, Nebojša Zlatković, Nurgin Memiši, Dragomir Lukač, Nikola Puvača, Milan Stojšin, Andras Halász, Branislav Miščević

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The objective of this study was to assess the relationship of temperature-humidity index (THI) with milk production, feed intake and feed efficiency of Holstein-Frisian cows in different seasons of the year. Five hundred and sixty three cows were monitored in spring, 557 cows in summer, 594 cows in autumn and 567 cows in winter, for a total period of two years. In contrast to the spring, autumn and winter periods, the summer period was characterized by heat stress conditions. Average T and THI exceeded the 25°C and 72 critical points, respectively, on all, 90% and 93% of test days for …

Antiviral Activity Of Thymus Vulgaris And Nepeta Cataria Hydrosols Against Porcine Reproductive And Respiratory Syndrome Virus, Kraijak Kaewprom, Yu-Hsin Chen, Chuen-Fu Lin, Ming-Tang Chiou, Chao-Nan Lin

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is characterized by reproductive failure of sows and respiratory problems of nursery and growing pigs. Current management strategies mainly focus on preventing PRRS virus (PRRSV) infection through vaccination. However, the currently available modified live vaccines are not sufficient to eradicate the virus and do not provide complete immunity from infection. In search of agents that may be proven clinically effective against North American PRRSV (NA-PRRSV or US-PRRSV) infection, 42 natural herb hydrosols were purified and subjected to screening of their antiviral activity against two US-PRRSV strains in MARC-145 cells. Based on results obtained from …

Presence Of Enterobacteria Producing Extended-Spectrum Β-Lactamases And/Or Carbapenemases In Animals, Humans And Environment In India, Fateh Singh, S.D. Hirpurkar, Sanjay Shakya, Nidhi Rawat, Prashant Devangan, Foziya Farzeen Khan, Sunil Kumar Bhandekar

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The objective of this study was to isolate antimicrobial resistant bacteria from animals, humans and environment, and to characterize them based on phenotypic attributes of resistance. A total of 521 samples were collected from animals (284), humans (69) and environment (168) which resulted in isolation of 615 non-duplicate resistant isolates (to either amoxycillin-clavulanate, ceftazidime, cefixime, meropenem, or imipenem). Antimicrobial susceptibility test (AST) revealed the highest rate of resistance to cefixime (49.3%) followed by ceftazidime (45%), meropenem (38.1%), amoxicillin-clavulanate (35.3%), and imipenem (13%). Identification recorded Escherichia coli (54.6%), Klebsiella spp. (17%), Citrobacter spp. (7.5%), Enterobacter spp. (6.7%), Acinetobacter spp. (3.0%), Serratia …

Molecular Characteristics Of Vp2 Gene From Wild-Type Infectious Bursal Disease Viruses (Ibdvs) In Saudi Arabia, Mahmoud H A Mohamed, Mahmoud M. Ismail, Ibrahim M. El-Sabagh, Abdul-Rahman S. Al-Ankari

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is caused by a virus related to the family Birnaviridae. The virus is a worldwide pathogen and causes immunosuppression and great losses in broiler flocks. In this study, molecular characterization of two Saudi Arabian IBDVs (IBD01/14/SA and IBD02/14/SA) was carried out by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and partial sequence of hypervariable region of VP2 gene. Nucleotide sequences of 740-bp PCR product of the Saudi Arabian isolates were compared with the corresponding nucleotide sequence of 56 reported IBDVs representing different pathotypes from different continents. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the Saudi Arabian isolates were split from …

Treatment Outcomes Of Canine Nasal Tumor Irradiation, Thitsana Ingkasri, Wuttiwong Theeraphun, Waraporn Aumarm

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

This study aimed to determine the treatment response of canine nasal tumor treated with only linear accelerated radiation therapy (LINAC) using volumetric measurement criteria at Kasetsart University Veterinary Teaching Hospital between May 2013 and August 2015. Medical records of the patients including age, breed, sex, histopathological diagnosis, clinical stage, types of radiation therapy and complications of treatment were recorded. All 20 dogs were irradiated with total dose ranging from 36 to 54 Gray (Gy). Computed tomography was performed with all dogs before and three months after treatment in order to evaluate tumor volume change. Results revealed that median survival time …

Relationships Between Transferrin And Transferrin Receptor (Tfr) Expression In Dogs With Malignant Oronasal Tumors, Sekkarin Ploypetch, Anudep Rungsipipat, Prapruddee Piyaviriyakul, Nan Choisunirachon, Pussadee Makoom, Chanin Kalpravidh

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Malignant cells require a large amount of iron for cell growth. Transferrin transfers iron from blood to cells by reacting with transferrin receptor (TfR). In humans, transferrin and transferrin receptor correlate with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC); however, the association with canine oral tumor has not been studied. This study aimed to investigate saliva and serum transferrin and tissue transferrin receptor in canine OSCC and oral melanoma (OM). Saliva and serum transferrin samples were collected pre- and 14 days post-operation, compared with healthy control and evaluated by a sandwich ELISA assay. Serum transferrin concentration in the experimental group both before …

Effects Of Ivabradine On Left Ventricular Function In Dogs With Congestive Heart Failure, Sajika Sri-Ngam, Soontaree Petchdee

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Ivabradine is an essential drug administered in current standard therapy for human heart failure and is expected to be beneficial to congestive heart failure dog. Ivabradine is a selective If Channel inhibitor. It reduces cardiac pacemaker activity and slows heart rate. There are a few reports of ivabradine in veterinary applications. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of ivabradine on left ventricular function in dogs with congestive heart failure. Thirteen client-owned dogs with systolic and/or diastolic heart failure were included in this study. The dogs were assigned to two groups: (i) the active control group, given …

Effects Of The Higher Parity And Litter Size On Piglet Birth Weight And Survival Rate Of Later Born Piglets, Supatee Kitkha, Alongkot Boonsoongnern, Nattavut Ratanavanichrojn, Pichai Jirawattanapong, Anuchai Pinyopummin

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of higher parity and litter size (LS) on piglet birth weight (BW) and to compare the BW and survival rate of piglets born in different birth orders (BO). The study was conducted at a commercial pig farm in Thailand. Data from 230 sows and 3,500 piglets were analyzed including parity, litter size (LS), average birth weight (AvBW), coefficient of variation of piglets’ BW (%CV), standard deviation of piglets’ BW (SD), percentage of small piglets (%Small), individual piglet’s BW, piglet birth order (BO; 1-10, 11-16, 17-25), sex and characteristics at birth …

Effect Of Tlr4 Antagonist On Immune Responses Of Bovine Endometrial Cells, Sroisuda Chotimanukul, Theerawat Swangchan-Uthai, Junpen Suwimonteerabutr, Mongkol Techakumphu

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Bovine endometritis is one of the most common reproductive diseases and causes important economic losses. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Gram-negative bacteria is recognized by Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). Binding of LPS and TLR4 mediates the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines. This study aimed to access the effect of TLR4 antagonist (RsLPS) on the immune responses of bovine endometrial cells. Primary culture of bovine endometrial cells were challenged with LPS (100 ng/ml) after treated with and without RsLPS (5000 ng/ml). Endometrial cells without RsLPS and LPS treatment served as control. The mRNA expression of TLR4, CD14, TNF, IL1B and IL8 were …

Detection Of Elephant Endotheliotropic Herpesvirus 4 In Captive Asian Elephants (Elephas Maximus) In Thailand, Benjaporn Bhusri, Parut Suksai, Chalisa Mongkolphan, Ekasit Tiyanun, Parntep Ratanakorn, Kridsada Chaichoun, Ladawan Sariya

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Elephant endotheliotropic herpesviruses (EEHVs) can cause fatal hemorrhagic disease in elephants, especially young captive Asian elephants (Elephas maximus). Currently, seven EEHV types have been reported. In this study, EEHVs were examined in whole-blood samples derived from 56 captive Asian elephants from eight provinces in Thailand by nested PCR using primers specific to the viral DNA polymerase gene in an attempt to monitor EEHV elephant cases. After EEHV testing, one sample (1.78%) was positive and found to be closely related to EEHV4 with 99% amino acid identity. This sample was from a three-year-old female Asian elephant with no clinical signs. These …

Endoscopic Ultrasound (Eus)-Directed Transgastric Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography Or Eus: Mid-Term Analysis Of An Emerging Procedure, Amy Tyberg, Jose Nieto, Sanjay Salgado, Kristen R. Weaver-Toedtman Phd, Acnp, Anp, Prashant Kedia, Reem Z. Sharaiha, Monica Gaidhane, Michel Kahaleh

Publications

Background/Aims: Performing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in patients who have undergone Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) is challenging. Standard ERCP and enteroscopy-assisted ERCP are associated with limited success rates. Laparoscopy- or laparotomy-assisted ERCP yields improved efficacy rates, but with higher complication rates and costs. We present the first multicenter experience regarding the efficacy and safety of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-directed transgastric ERCP (EDGE) or EUS. Methods: All patients who underwent EDGE at two academic centers were included. Clinical success was defined as successful ERCP and/or EUS through the use of lumen-apposing metal stents (LAMS). Adverse events related to EDGE were separated from …

Improving Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence In Resource-Limited Settings At Scale: A Discussion Of Interventions And Recommendations, Jessica E. Haberer, Lora Sabin, K. Rivet Amico, Catherine Orrell, Omar Galarraga, Alexander C. Tsai, Rachel C. Vreeman, Ira Wilson, Nadia A. Sam-Agudu, Terrence F. Blaschke, Bernard Vrijens, Claude Mellins, Robert H. Remien, Sheri D. Weiser, Elizabeth Lolwenthal, Michael J. Stirratt, Papa Salif Sow, Bruce Thomas, Nathan Ford, Edward Mills, Richard Lester, Jean B. Nachega, Bosco M. Bwana, Fred Ssewamala, Lawrence Mbuagbaw, Paula Munderi, Elvin H. Geng, David Bangsberg

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

INTRODUCTION:

Successful population-level antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence will be necessary to realize both the clinical and prevention benefits of antiretroviral scale-up and, ultimately, the end of AIDS. Although many people living with HIV are adhering well, others struggle and most are likely to experience challenges in adherence that may threaten virologic suppression at some point during lifelong therapy. Despite the importance of ART adherence, supportive interventions have generally not been implemented at scale. The objective of this review is to summarize the recommendations of clinical, research, and public health experts for scalable ART adherence interventions in resource-limited settings.

METHODS:

In …

Erratum: A Randomized Comparative Trial In The Management Of Alcohol Dependence: Individualized Homoeopathy Versus Standard Allopathic Treatment, Ccrh Ccrh

Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy

No abstract provided.

Competent For Unsupervised Practice: Use Of Pediatric Residency Training Milestones To Assess Readiness, Su-Ting T. Li, Daniel J. Tancredi, Alan Schwartz, Ann P. Guillot, Ann E. Burke, R. Franklin Trimm, Susan Guralnick, John D. Mahan, Kimberly A. Gifford

University Faculty and Staff Publications

Purpose

To describe clinical skills progression during pediatric residency using the distribution of pediatric milestone assessments by subcompetency and year of training and to determine reasonable milestone expectations at time of graduation.

Method

Multi-institutional cohort study of the milestones reported to the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education for all 21 pediatric subcompetencies. Most subcompetencies were measured using five milestone levels (1 = novice, 2 = advanced beginner, 3 = competent, 4 = proficient, 5 = master); 3 subcompetencies had only four levels defined.

Results

Milestone assessments for 2,030 pediatric residents in 47 programs during academic year 2013–2014 were obtained. …

The Host Microbiome Regulates And Maintains Human Health: A Primer And Perspective For Non-Microbiologists, Sunil Thomas, Jacques Izard, Emily Walsh, Kristen Batich, Pakawat Chongsathidkiet, Gerard Clarke, David A. Sela, Alexander J. Muller, James M. Mullin, Korin Albert, John P. Gilligan, Katherine Diguilio, Rima Dilbarova, Walker Alexander, George P. Prendergast

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

Humans consider themselves discrete autonomous organisms, but recent research is rapidly strengthening the appreciation that associated microorganisms make essential contributions to human health and well being. Each person is inhabited and also surrounded by his/her own signature microbial cloud. A low diversity of microorganisms is associated with a plethora of diseases, including allergy, diabetes, obesity, arthritis, inflammatory bowel diseases, and even neuropsychiatric disorders. Thus, an interaction of microorganisms with the host immune system is required for a healthy body. Exposure to microorganisms from the moment we are born and appropriate microbiome assembly during childhood are essential for establishing an active …

Foxo3 Increases Mir-34a To Cause Palmitate-Induced Cholangiocyte Lipoapoptosis, Sathish Kumar Natarajan, Bailey A. Stringham, Ashley M. Mohr, Cody J. Wehrkamp, Sizhao Lu, Mary Anne Phillippi, Duygu Dee Harrison-Findik, Justin L. Mott

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) patients have elevated plasma saturated free fatty acid levels. These toxic fatty acids can induce liver cell death and our recent results demonstrated that the biliary epithelium may be susceptible to lipotoxicity. Here, we explored the molecular mechanisms of cholangiocyte lipoapoptosis in cell culture and in an animal model of NASH. Treatment of cholangiocytes with palmitate (PA) showed increased caspase 3/7 activity and increased levels of cleaved poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase and cleaved caspase 3, demonstrating cholangiocyte lipoapoptosis. Interestingly, treatment with PA significantly increased the levels of microRNA miR-34a, a pro-apoptotic microRNA known to be elevated in NASH. …

Evaluation Of The Parasight Platform For Malaria Diagnosis, Yochay Eshel, Arnon Houri-Yafin, Hagai Benkuzari, Natalie Lezmy, Mamta Soni, Malini Charles, Jayanthi Swaminathan, Hilda Solomon, Pavithra Sampathkumar, Zul Premji, Caroline Mbithi, Zaitun Nneka, Simon Onsongo, Daniel Maina, Sarah Levy-Schreier, Caitlin Lee Cohen, Dan Gluck, Joseph Joel Pollak, Seth J. Salpeter

Pathology, East Africa

The World Health Organization estimates that nearly 500 million malaria tests are performed annually. While microscopy and rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) are the main diagnostic approaches, no single method is inexpensive, rapid, and highly accurate. Two recent studies from our group have demonstrated a prototype computer vision platform that meets those needs. Here we present the results from two clinical studies on the commercially available version of this technology, the Sight Diagnostics Parasight platform, which provides malaria diagnosis, species identification, and parasite quantification. We conducted a multisite trial in Chennai, India (Apollo Hospital [n = 205]), and Nairobi, Kenya …

Outpatient Parenteral Antimicrobial Therapy In Pediatric Medicaid Enrollees., Jennifer Goldman, Troy Richardson, Jason G. Newland, Brian R. Lee, Jeffrey S. Gerber, Matt Hall, Matthew Kronman, Adam L. Hersh

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Background: Outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (OPAT) is overused in cases where highly bioavailable oral alternatives would be equally effective. However, the scope of OPAT use for children nationwide is poorly understood. Our objective was to characterize OPAT use and clinical outcomes for a large population of pediatric Medicaid enrollees treated with OPAT.

Methods: We analyzed the Truven MarketScan Medicaid claims database between 2009 and 2012. An OPAT episode was identified by capturing children with claims data indicating home infusion therapy for an intravenous antimicrobial. We characterized OPAT use by describing patient demographics, diagnoses, and antimicrobials prescribed. We categorized an antimicrobial …

Every Child, Every Time: Universal Child Abuse Screening Increases Awareness And State Reporting (Poster)., Lauren Dudas Md, Gwenda L. Petrohoy, Debra Esernio-Jenssen Md, Cheryl Lansenderfer Bsn, Joseph J. Stirparo Md, Michele Dunstan, Marybeth Browne Md

Department of Surgery

No abstract provided.

Students Can Be Important Link Between Academia And Practice, Jason W. Marion, Charles D. Treser

EKU Faculty and Staff Scholarship

Editor’s Note: In an effort to promote the growth of the environmental health profession and the academic programs that fuel that growth, NEHA has teamed up with the Association of Environmental Health Academic Programs (AEHAP) to publish two columns a year in the Journal. AEHAP’s mission is to support environmental health education to ensure the optimal health of people and the environment. The organization works hand in hand with the National Environmental Health Science and Protection Accreditation Council (EHAC) to accredit, market, and promote EHAC-accredited environmental health degree programs. AEHAP focuses on increasing the environmental health workforce, supporting students and …

Ecg Quiz, Chollada Buranakarl, Saikaew Sutayatram

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

Ophthalmology Snapshot, Nalinee Tuntivanich

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

The Effects Of A Brief Yoga Intervention On Psychologic And Physiologic Measures In Women Recovering From Substance Abuse Disorders, Robi C. Hopp

DNP Projects

Women are the fastest-growing population experiencing substance use disorders (SUDs) in the United States. Multiple barriers e.g., mental health disorders, reduced self-efficacy, lack of social support have been identified and negatively impact acute and sustainable recovery efforts. The aim of this project was to evaluate the effects of yoga on mood status, biometrics, and self-efficacy toward yoga in a cohort at The Next Door, a substance abuse treatment center for women only. This was a quasi-experimental research approach with 14 women completing a total of 8 weekly yoga sessions over a ten-week period. Appropriate demographic data was collected. Measurements were …

The Role Of Functional, Social, And Mobility Dynamics In Facilitating Older African Americans Participation In Clinical Research, Eve T. Shapiro, Jay T. Schamel, Kimberly A. Parker, Laura A. Randall, Paula M. Frew

Environmental & Global Health Faculty Research

Purpose: Older African Americans experience disproportionately higher incidence of morbidity and mortality related to chronic and infectious diseases, yet are significantly underrepresented in clinical research compared to other racial and ethnic groups. This study aimed to understand the extent to which social support, transportation access, and physical impediments function as barriers or facilitators to clinical trial recruitment of older African Americans. Methods: Participants (N=221) were recruited from six African American churches in Atlanta and surveyed on various influences on clinical trial participation.

Anaesthetic Management In A Child With Goldenhar Syndrome, Waqas Ahmed Khan, Bushra Salim, Ausaf Ahmed Khan, Shakaib Chughtai

Department of Anaesthesia

Goldenhar syndrome is a congenital disorder involving deformities of the face. It usually affects one side of the face only and poses significant challenges in the airway management. We herein, report an 8-year boy, known case of Goldenhar syndrome, who presented to our radiology suite for a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain, followed by a computed tomography (CT) scan brain. The boy had various features of Goldenhar syndrome, e.g. cleft palate, absent right eye and ear, right mandibular hypoplasia, micrognathia, and preauricular tags. His developmental milestones were delayed. Airway evaluation showed Mallampati class II with limited movements of head and …

Can Individualized Music Reduce Agitation And Increase Meaningful Communication In Dementia Center Clients?, Catherine Pinas

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.