Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Hepatitis C Virus And Nonliver Solid Cancers: Is There An Association Between Hcv And Cancers Of The Pancreas, Thyroid, Kidney, Oral Cavity, Breast, Lung, And Gastrointestinal Tract?, S Qadwai, T Rehman, Jonathan Barsa, Z Solangi, Edward Lebovics

NYMC Faculty Publications

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is known for its oncogenic potential and has been found to be associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. It has also been postulated that HCV may play a role in the development of other extrahepatic solid tumors of other organs of the body since it has been isolated from the vessel wall, kidney, and oral mucosa. In this article, we have reviewed epidemiological studies that have been done to look into the relationship of HCV with nonliver solid cancers of the pancreas, thyroid, renal, oral cavity, breast, and lung and nonpancreatic gastrointestinal cancers. Based …

Pulmonary Hypertension Management Challenges In Pediatric Age Group, Rajamma Mathew

NYMC Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Posterior Knee Pain In A Teenage Soccer Player., Elan L. Goldwaser Do

Department of Family Medicine

No abstract provided.

Himmelfarb Library Liaison Letter - May 2017, George Washington University, Himmelfarb Health Sciences Library

Himmelfarb Library Liaison Letters

No abstract provided.

Is Hyperuricemia An Independent Risk Factor For Cardiovascular Disease?, Kristine Gayda

Nursing Capstones

No abstract provided.

Validation Of Standard Operating Procedures In A Multicenter Retrospective Study To Identify-Omics Biomarkers For Chronic Low Back Pain, Concetta Dagostino, Manuela De Gregori, Christian Gieger, Judith Manz, Ivan Gudelj, Gordon Lauc, Laura Divizia, Wei Wang, Moira Sim, Iain K. Pemberton, Jane Macdougall, Frances Williams, Jan Vn Zundeert, Dragan Primorac, Yurii Aulchenko, Leonardo Kapural, Massimo Allegri

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is one of the most common medical conditions, ranking as the greatest contributor to global disability and accounting for huge societal costs based on the Global Burden of Disease 2010 study.

Large genetic and -omics studies provide a promising avenue for the screening, development and validation of biomarkers useful for personalized diagnosis and treatment (precision medicine). Multicentre studies are needed for such an effort, and a standardized and homogeneous approach is vital for recruitment of large numbers of participants among different centres (clinical and laboratories) to obtain robust and reproducible results. To date, no validated …

Nutrition Education Intervention In A Low-Income Middle School Increases Students’ Smart Beverage Choices, Liana Rodrigues

Honors Theses

Historically, the intake of fruits and vegetables by children is low, and children in low-income environments are even less likely to consume the recommended fruits and vegetables each day. Fruit and vegetable consumption is linked to obesity which leads to other detrimental diseases such as cardiovascular disease and type II diabetes mellitus. The purpose of this intervention was to evaluate the effects of an afterschool nutrition education in a low-income middle school setting. A pre-survey and post-survey were implemented to evaluate how the intervention impacted the participants’ general nutrition knowledge, open-mindedness to taste unfamiliar fruits and vegetables (FVs), and intake …

Reducing Tobacco-Related Health Disparities : Exploring The Barriers And Facilitators To Smoking Cessation Among Individuals Experiencing Homelessness., Bernadette Guzman Antoon

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Although the prevalence of smoking has declined in the U.S., vulnerable populations continue to suffer from tobacco-related health disparities. An estimated 68.0-80.0% of homeless adults are current cigarette smokers compared to 15.1% in the general population. The large gap in smoking rates suggests that current tobacco cessation programs designed to reduce smoking have little impact among individuals experiencing homelessness. The purpose of this study was to explore the barriers and facilitators to smoking cessation among the homeless. The second aim of this study was to explore if the barriers and facilitators to tobacco cessation differed among male smokers experiencing homelessness …

Trunk And Respiratory Motor Control In Typically Developing Children And Its Implications In Children With Chronic Spinal Cord Injury., Goutam Singh

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Independent sitting is a major milestone and is also a prerequisite for optimal performance of activities of daily living (ADLs). Development of sitting posture control is a dynamic process involving control of degrees of freedom of head and trunk. Traditionally, trunk has been modeled as a single unit (segment). However, recent studies have suggested that it is made up multiple spinal units, controlled by a combination of trunk muscles. During typical development, posture control of trunk is different for different trunk segments. This motor development of trunk control is a complex process due to constant interaction between the nervous system …

Prenatal Depression Screening Among A Diverse Healthy Start Population., Evangeline Pierce

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Prenatal depression has been associated with adverse outcomes for both pregnant women and infants. Data was studied from Healthy Start (n=1093). Healthy Start participants were screened for depression using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) during pregnancy. Data reported included birthweight, gestational length, ethnicity, and sociodemographic variables. No statistically significant association was found between a positive EPDS screen and birthweight-low/normal (OR 1.02 [95% CI 0.53, 1.70]), birthweight-abnormal (OR 1.02 [95% CI 0.53, 1.70], or gestation-preterm/term (OR 1.29 [95% CI 0.68, 2.45]). An association was observed between a positive screen and race, ethnicity by region of origin, immigrant status, English as …

Spontaneous Vocal Matching In Mothers And Their Hearing Impaired Infants With Cochlear Implants : A Quantitative Analysis., Lydia Doggett

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Vocal matching, the ability to imitate phonetic properties of speech, was examined in spontaneous interactions of sixteen dyads of mothers and their hearing-impaired (HI) infants with cochlear implants and age-matched normal-hearing (NH) infants. Mother-infant dyads came to three sessions at three, six, and 12 months post-implantation. Vocal matching was defined as an instance of perceptual and acoustic similarity of vowels and consonants between adjacent maternal and infant utterances. Vocal matching occurred in 25% to 50% of infant and in 17% to 64% of mother vocalizations across dyads. Both mothers and infants in the HI group produced fewer matches as compared …

The Particulars About Particulates : Metal Exposure And Self-Regulation Of Children Living Near Coal Ash., Clara G. Sears

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The use of coal combustion for electricity and the storage of coal combustion by-products known as coal ash occur across the United States and around the world. The most abundant type of coal ash, fly ash, contains small particles with metals, some of which are known neurotoxins. Fly ash is currently stored in open-air landfills and surface impoundments that allow fugitive dust to escape into surrounding communities, potentially exposing children to small neurotoxic particles. This dissertation uses preliminary data from a larger cross-sectional study to investigate the relationship between particulate matter exposure, metal exposure, and problems with self-regulation. Recruitment of …

Inhibition Of Chemotherapeutic-Induced Apoptosis In Esophageal Squamous Cancer Cells By The Keystone Periodontal Pathogen, Porphyromonas Gingivalis., Atul Kumar Agrawal

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Recent evidence has shown that P. gingivalis, a Gram-negative, anaerobic oral bacterium, is negatively associated with the presence and outcome of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). While potential underlying mechanisms are yet to be established, P. gingivalis infection is known to inhibit apoptosis in gingival epithelial cells. Therefore, we hypothesized that P. gingivalis may also inhibit of the induction of apoptosis in human ESCC cells exposed to the commonly employed anti-ESCC chemotherapeutic agent, cisplatin. The capacity of P. gingivalis, at variant multiplicities of infection, to suppress cisplatin-induced necrosis and apoptosis in EC9706 ESCC cells was established by lactate …

Combating Malignant Melanoma With The Multifaceted Soy-Dervied Peptide Lunasin., Christopher Paul Shidal

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Lunasin is a 44 amino acid peptide that has been shown to have cancer chemopreventative and chemotherapeutic properties. This study investigated the potential utility of Lunasin as a chemotherapeutic in melanomas. Studies showed that Lunasin had little activity against established melanoma cell lines using adherent culture methods; however, Lunasin’s in vitro activity was significantly higher in non-adherent colony-forming assays and oncosphere formation. These results led to the investigation of whether or not Lunasin has selective effects on cancer initiating cells (CIC) that are known to be present in melanomas. It was revealed that Lunasin selectively inhibited the proliferation of high-ALDH …

Review Of Best Practices To Help People Reduce Their Red And Processed Meat Consumption, Challsey F. Scallon

Nursing Capstones

No abstract provided.

Nutrinews Volume 28, May 2017, Department Of Nutrition And Dietetics, University Of North Florida

NutriNews

This issue features Scientific Mystery: Asparagus, Supplemental shelf: Matcha tea, Healthy Obese

A Guide For Assessing Older Adults’ Needs On Maine Islands, Beatrice Byrne

Muskie School Capstones and Dissertations

This template may help Maine island communities identify older adults’ needs and island resources, in order to allow older adults to age in the island communities.

Three interviews with island health leaders, one community conversation with older islanders, and one pilot test provided information about what to include in the template.

The template includes a demographic survey, guides for conducting semi-structured interviews and group conversations with older adults and caregivers, a guide and worksheet for analyzing the data, a guide for assessing community resources, a guide for dissemination, and a list of additional resources.

Cyclin B1 Mediates The Effect Of Uchl1 In Promoting Cell Cycle Progression In Uterine Papillary Serous Carcinoma, Suet Ying Kwan

Dissertations and Theses (Open Access)

Uterine papillary serous carcinoma (UPSC) is an aggressive form of endometrial cancer with poor survival rates and a high risk of recurrence. The rarity of UPSC poses challenges to the discovery of novel targeted therapies. Therefore, the purpose of this dissertation was to identify novel therapeutic targets that could aid in the management of UPSC. To do so, we began with the relatively large cohort of UPSC cases in the TCGA data set, which was used to identify differentially expressed genes between UPSC and low-grade endometrioid endometrial carcinoma (EEC) and normal tissue.

We identified Ubiquitin Carboxyl-Terminal Hydrolase L1 (UCHL1 …

Barriers To Expansion Of Supervision Networks At Genetic Counseling Training Programs, Jordan E. Berg

Dissertations and Theses (Open Access)

Job openings outpace new graduates due to exponential growth in genetic counseling, leading to a workforce shortage. Expanding training slots to meet this demand presumably is linked to the number of supervisors. Thus, there is a need to systematically review barriers to supervision. This study aimed to determine and compare barriers to expansion of supervision networks at genetic counseling training programs as perceived by current supervisors, non-supervisors, and Program Directors. Certified genetic counselors were recruited via National Society of Genetic Counselors e-blast with an invitation to complete an online survey; Program Directors were emailed personal letters of invitation. Twenty-three Program …

Clinical Applicability Of Proposed Algorithm For Identifying Individuals At Risk For Hereditary Hematologic Malignancies, Maggie Clifford

Dissertations and Theses (Open Access)

Over the past decade, more than 12 genes have been identified to cause hereditary predispositions to hematologic malignancies. These syndromes are characterized by an increased risk to develop myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), acute myeloid leukemia (AML), or aplastic anemia (AA) at young ages, with various phenotypic features including peripheral cytopenias, immune dysfunction and skeletal defects. In 2013, Churpek et al. proposed a referral algorithm which consists of certain criteria for identifying leukemia patients who may benefit from genetic assessment for these hereditary syndromes. These criteria assess personal history of cytopenias, skin or nail abnormalities, immune deficiencies/atypical infections, and other associated clinical …

Molecular Determinants Of Residual Disease In Ovarian Cancer, Kshipra M. Gharpure

Dissertations and Theses (Open Access)

The standard treatment for high grade serous ovarian cancer is primary cytoreductive surgery followed by adjuvant chemotherapy. Residual disease followed by surgery is associated with adverse overall and progression-free survival as well as poor response to adjuvant chemotherapy. Accurate identification of patients at high risk of residual disease will help avoid unnecessary surgeries and help in triaging these patients to neoadjuvant chemotherapy prior to interval surgical debulking. In this study, we address this clinical issue by identifying and validating molecular biomarkers that can predict the likelihood of residual disease in ovarian cancer patients. Using publically available databases and microarray datasets, …

Elevated Dna Oxidation And Dna Repair Enzyme Expression In Brain White Matter In Major Depressive Disorder, Attila Szebeni, Katalin Szebeni, Timothy P. Diperi, Luke A. Johnson, Craig A. Stockmeier, Jessica D. Crawford, Michelle J. Chandley Health Sciences, Liza J. Hernandez, Katherine C. Burgess, Russell W. Brown, Gregory A. Ordway

ETSU Faculty Works

Background: Pathology of white matter in brains of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) is well-documented, but the cellular and molecular basis of this pathology are poorly understood.

Methods:Levels of DNA oxidation and gene expression of DNA damage repair enzymes were measured in Brodmann area 10 (BA10) and/or amygdala (uncinate fasciculus) white matter tissue from brains of MDD (n=10) and psychiatrically normal control donors (n=13). DNA oxidation was also measured in BA10 white matter of schizophrenia donors (n=10) and in prefrontal cortical white matter from control rats (n=8) and rats with repeated stress-induced anhedonia (n=8).

Results:DNA oxidation …

A Phase Ib/Ii Study Of Cabozantinib (Xl184) With Or Without Erlotinib In Patients With Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer., Heather A Wakelee, Scott Gettinger, Jeffrey Engelman, Pasi A Jänne, Howard J. West, Deepa S Subramaniam, Joseph Leach, Michael Wax, Yifah Yaron, Dale R Miles, Primo N Lara

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

PURPOSE: Cabozantinib is a multi-kinase inhibitor that targets MET, AXL, and VEGFR2, and may synergize with EGFR inhibition in NSCLC. Cabozantinib was assessed alone or in combination with erlotinib in patients with progressive NSCLC and EGFR mutations who had previously received erlotinib.

METHODS: This was a phase Ib/II study (NCT00596648). The primary objectives of phase I were to assess the safety, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics and to determine maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of cabozantinib plus erlotinib in patients who failed prior erlotinib treatment. In phase II, patients with prior response or stable disease with erlotinib who progressed were randomized to single-agent …

The Development Of Theory Of Mind And Inhibitory Processing Among 7-11 Year Old Mexican And Mexican American Children, Daniela Kuri

Theses and Dissertations

The present study examined the relationships among demographic factors and aspects of social and cognitive development in 130 predominantly bilingual Mexican and Mexican-American 7-to-11-year-old children residing in Mexico and the United States. Measures assessed children’s WMLS-R Picture Vocabulary, inhibitory processing, visual-spatial problem solving, and theory of mind development. Demographic information was obtained from parents. Intercorrelations among age, WMLS-R Picture Vocabulary , inhibitory processing, visual-spatial problem solving, and theory of mind (ToM) revealed that ToM related to inhibitory processing, but not with visual-spatial problem solving skills, after controlling for age. Findings suggest that cultural and other individual factors might play an …

Quality Of Life In Individuals Surgically Treated For Congenital Hydrocephalus During Infancy: A Single-Institution Experience, Saad Akhtar Khan, Muhammad Faheem Khan, Saqib Kamran Bakhshi, Omar Irfan, Hamza Abdur Rahim Khan, Asad Abbas, Safia Awan, Muhammad Ehsan Bari

Section of Neurosurgery

Background: Congenital hydrocephalus (CH) is a frequently encountered birth anomaly that can hinder long-term neurologic maturity and social well-being of affected children. This study was undertaken to assess quality of life (QOL) 10-15 years after surgical treatment for primary CH during infancy at a tertiary care hospital in a developing country.
Methods: This retrospective cohort study included individuals who presented to Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan, between 1995 and 2005 at QOL.
Results: Of 118 patients, 90 patients participated in the study. Mean age at first admission was 6.2 months. Mean length of follow-up was 5.4 years. Of these, …

Global Immunizations: Health Promotion And Disease Prevention Worldwide, Janelle L. B. Macintosh, Lacey M. Eden, Karlen E. Luthy, Aimee E. Schouten

Faculty Publications

Background: Immunizations are one of the most important health interventions of the 20th century, yet people in many areas of the world do not receive adequate immunizations. Approximately 3 million people worldwide die every year from vaccine-preventable diseases; about half of these deaths are young children and infants. Global travel is more common; diseases that were once localized now can be found in communities around the world.

Problems: Multiple barriers to immunizations have been identified. Healthcare access, cost, and perceptions of safety and trust in healthcare are factors that have depressed global immunization rates.

Interventions: Several global organizations have focused …

A Description Of The Methods Of The Aspirin Supplementation For Pregnancy Indicated Risk Reduction In Nulliparas (Aspirin) Study, Matthew K. Hoffman, Shivaprasad S. Goudar, Bhalachandra S. Kodkany, Norman Goco, Marion Koso-Thomas, Menachem Miodovnik, Elizabeth M. Mcclure, Dennis D. Wallace, Jennifer J. Emingway-Foday, Antoinette Tshefu, Adrien Lokangaka, Carl L. Bose, Elwyn Chomba, Musaku Mwenechanya, Waldemar A. Carlo, Ana Garces, Nancy F. Krebs, K. Michael Hambidge, Sarah Saleem, Robert L. Goldenberg, Archana Patel, Patricia L. Hibberd, Fabian Esamai, Edward A. Liechty, Robert Silver, Richard J. Derman

Community Health Sciences

Background: Preterm birth (PTB) remains the leading cause of neonatal mortality and long term disability throughout the world. Though complex in its origins, a growing body of evidence suggests that first trimester administration of low dose aspirin (LDA) may substantially reduce the rate of PTB.
Methods: Hypothesis: LDA initiated in the first trimester reduces the risk of preterm birth. Study Design Type: Prospective randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded multi-national clinical trial conducted in seven low and middle income countries. Trial will be individually randomized with one-to-one ratio (intervention/control) Population: Nulliparous women between the ages of 14 and 40, with a …

Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial Comparing Efficacy Of Nonablative Fractional Photothermolysis Combined With Topical Calcipotriol For The Treatment Of Keloid And Hypertrophic Scar, Marisa Pongprutthipan, Nattaporn Rojarayanont

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Background : Nonablative fractional laser resurfacing has been shown to have sizereduction effect on hypertrophic scar with minimal side effects; andantifibrotic effect of vitamin D in keloid fibroblasts has been reportedin vitro. A combination of the two treatments should gain additional benefitsfrom facilitation of wound healing, transdermal drug delivery and recurrenceprevention.Objectives : To evaluate the efficacy of nonablative fractional laser resurfacing combinedwith topical calcipotriol for the treatment of keloid and hypertrophic scar.Methods : Subjects were treated with six fractional 1,550 nm Ytterbium/Erbium: fiberlaser treatment weekly for entire lesion. Each lesion was randomly treatedwith topical calcipotriol or white petrolatum twice daily. …

Agreement Of Bone Metastasis Detection Between Bone Scintigraphy And Whole Body-Mri In Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Wittawin Sakdapetsiri, Numphung Numkarunarunrote, Tawatchai Chaiwatanarat

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Background : Bone scintigraphy is generally accepted as the best imaging study for early detection of bone metastases. However, bone metastases from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), unlike other primary tumors, are largely osteolytic in nature and may be poorly visualized by bone scintigraphy (BS). Whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become feasible with recent developments, including fast image acquisition. So far, there has been no report of the performance of either imaging tool in the detection of bone metastasis from HCC.Objective : To study the agreement of bone metastatic detection by bone scintigraphy and whole-body MRI in hepatocellular carcinoma patients.Methods : …

แนวทางการสนทนาเพื่อเพิ่มคุณภาพการบริบาลผู้ป่วยระยะท้ายในหอผู้ป่วยไอซียู, กุลพิชฌาย์ เวชรัชต์พิมล

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

ผู้ป่วยระยะท้ายในหอผู้ป่วยไอซียูมักเป็นผู้ป่วยวิกฤต ที่มีภาวะการเจ็บป่วยของโรครุนแรงเฉียบพลัน คุกคามและเป็นอันตรายต่อการทำงานของอวัยวะสำคัญของร่างกาย จนร่างกายไม่สามารถปรับตัวต่อความล้มเหลวได้ และผู้ป่วยส่วนใหญ่เข้าสู่ระยะท้ายของชีวิตและตายในที่สุด ผู้ป่วยวิกฤตในหอผู้ป่วยไอซียูจะได้รับการดูแลแบบเต็มรูปแบบ (aggressive care) โดยใช้เครื่องมือและเทคโนโลยีทาง การแพทย์ขั้นสูงเพียงเพื่อยื้อหรือยืดชีวิตผู้ป่วยต้องอยู่กับความทุกข์ทรมาน สูญเสียคุณภาพชีวิตไม่ได้ทำในสิ่งที่ตนเองปรารถนาก่อนตาย ทำให้เกิดช่องว่างระหว่างการดูแลแบบเต็มรูปแบบในหอผู้ป่วยไอซียูกับความต้องการของผู้ป่วย แม้ว่าผู้ป่วยในหอผู้ป่วยไอซียูจะได้รับการดูแลอย่าใกล้ชิดแบบเต็มรูปแบบด้วยเทคโนโลยีขั้นสูงก็ตาม ทีมบริบาลยังขาดแนวทางสื่อสารเพื่อประสานการดูแลกับผู้ป่วยและครอบครัว ในเรื่องการประเมินความเข้าใจของโรค การให้ข้อมูลที่จำเป็นรวมถึงการให้ครอบครัวผู้ป่วยได้รับรู้ถึงลำดับการเปลี่ยนแปลงที่สำคัญการอธิบายทางเลือก และร่วมกำหนดเป้าหมายของการดูแลการลดความวิตกกังวล ความโดดเดี่ยวความกลัว และการค้นหาความต้องการในระยะท้ายของชีวิต โดยเฉพาะการชั่งน้ำหนักระหว่างการมีชีวิตที่ยาวขึ้นกับความทุกข์ทรมานแสนสาหัสที่ต้องเผชิญ การดูแลผู้ป่วยวิกฤติจนถึงระยะสุดท้ายจึงเป็นภารกิจสำคัญของทีมบริบาลในการจัดการต่อสภาพปัญหาดังกล่าว และเมื่อผู้ป่วยเข้าสู่ระยะท้ายของชีวิต กุญแจสำคัญของการบริบาล คือผู้ป่วยและญาติได้รับรู้ต่อสภาวะใกล้ตาย ดังนั้นแนวทางการสนทนาเพื่อค้นหาความต้องการและวางเป้าหมายของการดูแลผู้ป่วยระยะท้าย จึงเป็นสิ่งสำคัญที่ทีมบริบาลควรช่วยให้ผู้ป่วยและครอบครัวได้รับการดูแลตามความปรารถนาและคงไว้ ซึ่งการตายอย่างมีศักดิ์ศรี.