Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

A Review Of Treatment Programs For Offenders With Co-Occurring Addictive And Mental Disorders: Support For Booster Interventions, Annette T. Maruca, Deborah Shelton

Journal for Evidence-based Practice in Correctional Health

Background: Treatment interventions are essential in supporting psychosocial skills, health promotion and successful reintegration to community living for incarcerated persons. Booster interventions are presumed to be important methods for maintaining the effects of treatment effects for persons with addiction and mental disorders, but there has been remarkably little empirical attention to this assumption. Objectives: This review aims are: (1) to describe existing literature on treatment programs for offenders with addiction and mental disorders in the reentry process, and, (2) to add to the literature on this topic by evaluating the impact of booster interventions upon maintenance of treatment effects and …

A Novel Micro Cold Atmospheric Plasma Device For Glioblastoma Both In Vitro And In Vivo., Zhitong Chen, Hayk Simonyan, Xiaoqian Cheng, Eda Gjika, Li Lin, Jerome Canady, Jonathan H Sherman, Colin Young, Michael Keidar

Pharmacology and Physiology Faculty Publications

: Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) treatment is a rapidly expanding and emerging technology for cancer treatment. Direct CAP jet irradiation is limited to the skin and it can also be invoked as a supplement therapy during surgery as it only causes cell death in the upper three to five cell layers. However, the current cannulas from which the plasma emanates are too large for intracranial applications. To enhance efficiency and expand the applicability of the CAP method for brain tumors and reduce the gas flow rate and size of the plasma jet, a novel micro-sized CAP device (µCAP) was developed …

Inside Out: 2017 Issue Now Available, Daniel G. Kipnis, Msi

Jefferson Digital Commons News

The editors of Jefferson’s literary arts journal, Inside Out, have just released the 2017 issue. Readers can pick up free copies of the journal at various campus locations, including Scott Memorial Library, or download a copy from the Jefferson Digital Commons.

Introduction To Systematic Reviews And Meta Analysis Php ###, Joanna Burkhardt

Library Impact Statements

No abstract provided.

Characteristics Of Therapeutic Alliance In Musculoskeletal Physiotherapy And Occupational Therapy Practice: A Scoping Review Of The Literature, Folarin Babatunde, Joy Macdermid, Norma Macintyre

Bone and Joint Institute

© 2017 The Author(s). Background: Most conventional treatment for musculoskeletal conditions continue to show moderate effects, prompting calls for ways to increase effectiveness, including drawing from strategies used across other health conditions. Therapeutic alliance refers to the relational processes at play in treatment which can act in combination or independently of specific interventions. Current evidence guiding the use of therapeutic alliance in health care arises largely from psychotherapy and medicine literature. The objective of this review was to map out the available literature on therapeutic alliance conceptual frameworks, themes, measures and determinants in musculoskeletal rehabilitation across physiotherapy and occupational therapy …

Emergence Of Livestock-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Bloodstream Infections In Denmark., Jesper Larsen, Andreas Petersen, Anders R Larsen, Raphael N Sieber, Marc Stegger, Anders Koch, Frank M Aarestrup, Lance B Price, Robert L Skov

Environmental and Occupational Health Faculty Publications

Background

Livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus clonal complex 398 (LA-MRSA CC398) is causing an increasing number of skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) in Denmark and other European countries with industrial pig production. Yet, its impact on MRSA bloodstream infections (BSIs) has not been well studied.

Methods

We investigated the clinical epidemiology of all human cases of LA-MRSA CC398 BSI during 2010–2015. Cases of LA-MRSA CC398 BSI were compared to cases of BSI caused by other types of MRSA and cases of SSTI caused by LA-MRSA CC398. Whole-genome sequence analysis was used to assess the phylogenetic relationship among LA-MRSA CC398 isolates …

Impact Of Deep Versus Awake Laryngeal Mask Airway Removal On Airway Complications In Spontaneously Breathing Adult Patients Following Isoflurane General Anesthesia., Ronald Ombaka

Master of Medicine in Anaesthesiology

Background: The Laryngeal Mask Airway (LMA) is one of several supra-glottic airway management devices used in anaesthesia. The scope of use of the LMA is progressively expanding to areas previously contraindicated, for instance laparoscopy and prone position surgery. Certain aspects of LMA use remain unsettled. Whether to remove the LMA when a patient is “awake” vs “deep” following anaesthesia is one such area. The manufacturer Ambu® recommends that the AuraOnce™ LMA be removed once the patient is fully awake and protective airway reflexes are active. Despite this, several studies have shown benefit in removal of the LMA while a patient …

Internal Hernia Of The Greater Omentum: Cadaveric Findings Of A Previously Unreported Variant., Andrea Andrea, Vy Tran, Cameron K Schmidt, Christian Fisahn, Joe Iwanaga, Rod J Oskouian, R Shane Tubbs

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

Transomental hernias (TOHs) are a rare finding, constituting a fraction of all intestinal hernias. Here, we report the cadaveric discovery of a spontaneous TOH involving the sigmoid colon in an 82-year-old female and discuss the relevant literature. To our knowledge, a TOH involving the sigmoid colon has not been previously reported.

Johann Gaspar Spurzheim: A Life Dedicated To Phrenology., Mohammad Bilal, Bryan Edwards, Marios Loukas, Rod J Oskouian, R Shane Tubbs

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

Loved for his empathetic nature but admired for his analytical mind, Gaspar Spurzheim (1776-1832) was a prominent contributor to phrenology, a field of neuroscience focused on studying the shapes of the skulls in relation to the activity levels of certain functional areas of the brain. This curiosity about the connection between physical characteristics and brain function was seeded in the young mind of Spurzheim when he observed that classmates with seemingly superb memories also appeared to have bright eyes. It launched Spurzheim on a journey to study the shape and function of the brain, which eventually led him to his …

Seroprevalence Of Antibodies Against Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Among Hiv-Negative People In China, Tiejun Zhang, Zhenqiu Liu, Jun Wang, Veenu Minhas, Charles Wood, Gary M. Clifford, Na He, Silvia Franceschi

Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications

Background: Little information on the prevalence of Kaposi’s sarcoma associated herpesvirus (KSHV) among HIV-negative individuals is available from Asia.

Methods: In the present study, we report findings from a new survey of KSHV in 983 HIV-negative male migrants from Shanghai and their combination with previous similar surveys of 600 female migrants, 600 female sex-workers (FSW), 1336 sexually transmitted infection (STI) clinic male patients, 439 intravenous drug-users (IVDU), and 226 men having sex with men (MSM) from China. KSHV-specific antibodies against latent and lytic antigens were assessed using Sf9 and BC3 monoclonal immunofluorescence assay. Age-adjusted prevalence ratios (PR) and 95% confidence …

Prevalence Of Double Myc/Bcl2 Expression And The Cell Of Origin In Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphomas Diagnosed At A Tertiary Level Referral Laboratory, Jonathan Wawire

Master of Medicine in Anatomic Pathology

Introduction: Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most commonly diagnosed non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma in adults worldwide. In Kenya DLBCL accounts for 64% of all non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas diagnosed in adults. It is a heterogeneous disease and patients show varying outcomes despite standard treatment. This variability is attributed to the differences in the biology and molecular pathogenesis of DLBCL. The five most important prognostic factors for DLBCL include scores for the revised international prognostic index (R-IPI), the cell of origin (COO), presence of myelocytomatosis (MYC) and B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL2) gene rearrangements by fluorescent in situ hybridisation (FISH) or standard cytogenetics, the …

A Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing The Proportion Of Hypoxia In Sedated Adults Undergoing Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Using Target Controlled Infusion Of Propofol Versus Intermittent Boluses., Catherine Ndosi

Master of Medicine in Anaesthesiology

Background: A wide variety of sedation techniques are employed to facilitate various invasive diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. Increasingly, propofol is emerging as the preferred sedative agent. Traditionally, it has been administered as intermittent boluses to achieve deep sedation to facilitate gastrointestinal endoscopy. Propofol target controlled infusion can be employed to provide suitably conducive conditions for this purpose. Objective: The primary objective sought to compare the proportion of hypoxia between the study group receiving intermittent boluses of propofol at 0.25mg/kg as needed, and the other receiving target-controlled infusion of propofol at 2.5mcg/ml during upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. The secondary objectives were to …

Dance & Down Syndrome: Parental Perceptions On Dance And Movement-Based Interventions, Ami A. Parke, Cara J. Murray, Rebecca D. Need, Kathryn Edick

Pediatrics

This qualitative phenomenological study was designed to identify parent or guardian perceptions on the benefits of dance and movement-based interventions for their child who has Down syndrome. Individuals with Down syndrome face limitations in social-emotional skills, physical skills, and life skills, and research on the benefits of dance and movement-based interventions demonstrated some evidence of improvements in these skills. Researchers utilized a parent focus group in order to gain insight into how dance impacts their children with Down syndrome. A number of themes emerged from the data analysis process including improved movement, psychological well-being, and routine and retention. The theme …

Health & Kinesiology News, Georgia Southern University

Health Sciences & Kinesiology: News & Publications (2015-2023)

• Getting Physical

Association Between Female Sexual Dysfunction And Fertility Among Women Of Reproductive Age At The Aga Khan University Hospital, Nairobi., Felix Mwembi Oindi

Master of Medicine in Obstetrics and Gynecology

Introduction: Sexual function plays an essential role in the bio-psychosocial wellbeing and quality of life of women and disturbances in sexual functioning often result in significant stress. Sexual dysfunction in women is a highly prevalent condition affecting up to 43% of women. Subfertility being a common problem affecting up to 20% of the population, causes significant psychosocial distress which might adversely affect sexual functioning and vice versa. However, despite the high prevalence of both conditions, little has been studied on the effects of subfertility on sexual functioning especially in sub-Saharan Africa. Objectives: This study primarily compared the prevalence of female …

Validation Of The Iief - 5 Questionnaire In A Clinic Population At Aga Khan University Hospital, Nairobi, Denis Otim

Master of Medicine in General Surgery

Background: Men with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are at risk of erectile dysfunction (ED) and other co - morbidities. The clinical assessment of ED is unreliable and the International Index of Erectile Function – 5 (IIEF – 5) a widely used tool is not validated in our setting. We aimed to validate the IIEF – 5 as a screening tool for ED in men with LUTS visiting the outpatient services. Methodology: In the study, 99 men above 40 years with LUTS attending the urology clinics were consecutively enrolled, administered with the IIEF – 5 and assigned an ED status. …

Can Exercise Suppress Tumour Growth In Advanced Prostate Cancer Patients With Sclerotic Bone Metastases? A Randomised, Controlled Study Protocol Examining Feasibility, Safety And Efficacy, Nicolas H. Hart, Robert Newton, Nigel Spry, Dennis Taaffe, Suzanne K. Chambers, Kynan Feeney, David Joseph, Andrew D. Redfern, Tom Ferguson, Daniel A. Galvao

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Introduction

Exercise may positively alter tumour biology through numerous modulatory and regulatory mechanisms in response to a variety of modes and dosages, evidenced in preclinical models to date. Specifically, localised and systemic biochemical alterations produced during and following exercise may suppress tumour formation, growth and distribution by virtue of altered epigenetics and endocrine–paracrine activity. Given the impressive ability of targeted mechanical loading to interfere with metastasis-driven tumour formation in human osteolytic tumour cells, it is of equal interest to determine whether a similar effect is observed in sclerotic tumour cells. The study aims to (1) establish the feasibility and safety …

Diagnostic Value Of Complementary Strain Elastography In The Classification Of Breast Masses, Sarah Muthoni Wambui

Master of Medicine in Imaging and Diagnostic Radiology

Background: Breast cancer is the commonest cancer in women. Ultrasound has a high sensitivity but low specificity in the classification of benign and malignant breast masses. Strain elastography has the potential of increasing the specificity of breast ultrasound in classifying malignant and benign breast masses and reducing the number of benign breast biopsies performed. The diagnostic value of breast elastography in African women is not known. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the additive diagnostic value of strain elastography to conventional ultrasound in the classification of malignant and benign breast masses in an African population. Materials and …

Diagnostic Accuracy Of Hba1c Test In Diagnosis Of Diabetes And Prediabetes In A Multiethnic Population At Aga Khan University Hospital, Nairobi., Francis Kiigu Wathigo

Master of Medicine in Clinical Pathology

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycaemia secondary to impaired insulin secretion, impaired insulin action or both. In Kenya, an estimated 750,000 people are diabetic with more than 50% estimated to be unaware of their status. Conventionally, diagnosis has been based on plasma glucose levels. In 2010, Haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) was approved by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and World Health Organisation (WHO) for diagnosis of diabetes. However, different studies have shown variations in diagnostic performance of HbA1c. Research question: What is the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of HbA1c in diagnosis of diabetes and prediabetes at Aga …

Environmental Health News, Georgia Southern University

Biostatistics, Epidemiology & Environmental Health Sciences: News & Publications (2011-2018)

• Georgia Southern Collaborates on Mosquito Surveillance in Response to Zika Virus

College Of Public Health News, Georgia Southern University

College of Public Health: News & Publications

• Georgia Southern Assesses Child Body Mass Index Perceptions
• Georgia Southern Collaborates on Mosquito Surveillance in Response to Zika Virus

Cortico-Striatal Coordination Disrupted In Behaviorally Inflexible Moderate Prenatal Alcohol Exposed Mice, Kristin L. Marquardt

Biomedical Sciences ETDs

Up to 61% of adolescent school aged children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) have been suspended or expelled. Executive function deficits, like dis-inhibition and cognitive inflexibility, have been proposed to be better predictors of behavioral problems then IQ score, which qualifies these individuals for developmental disability and special school programs. Reversal learning, a widely used behavioral paradigm for assessing cognitive flexibility across species, has been shown to be impaired in rodent models of prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE). Here we show that a mouse model with daily maternal drinking, resulting in a BAC of 85 mg/dl throughout gestation, results in …

May 2017, Randy Curry, Cindy Brooks

RURAL ROCKS

Rural Rocks, the Rural Health Network newsletter by the SWOSU College of Pharmacy

Community Health News, Georgia Southern University

Health Policy & Community Health: News & Publications (2011-2018)

• Georgia Southern Assesses Child Body Mass Index Perceptions

Join The Facebook Live Event (Soon!) On Pope Francis's Historic Audience With Huntington's Disease Families, Kenneth P. Serbin

At Risk for Huntington's Disease

No abstract provided.

What's Happening: May 29, 2017, Maine Medical Center

What's Happening

No abstract provided.

Gathering Qualitative Feedback And Demonstrating Value For An Institutional Repository (Ir), Daniel G. Kipnis, Msi

Academic Commons and Scott Memorial Library Staff Papers and Presentations

Objective:

To gather qualitative feedback demonstrating value for assets discovered in institutional repository from researchers across the globe.

Poster presented at 117th Medical Library Association Annual Conference in Seattle, Washington.

Health Sciences Libraries To The Rescue: Bolstering The Library's Role With Repository And Publishing Services, Daniel G. Kipnis, Msi

Academic Commons and Scott Memorial Library Staff Papers and Presentations

Panel discussion sponsored by Bepress showcasing repositories and how they can increase the visibility and relevance of the health sciences library by providing crucial services. Attendees will come away with a concrete sense of how they can identify needs on campus, reach out to various stakeholders, and get support from strategic partners.

Median Nerve Palsies Due To Injections: A Review., Andrea Andrea, Jocelyn R Gonzales, Joe Iwanaga, Rod J Oskouian, R Shane Tubbs

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

Injection nerve palsy (INP) in the median nerve is an iatrogenic peripheral nerve injury that can be inflicted by a faulty intramuscular injection in the median nerve area. The literature reports a 2% incidence of INP among all peripheral nerve injuries. The incidence of INP in developed countries has decreased significantly during the past decade, but the injury appears to remain prevalent in developing countries. A deep understanding of the anatomy of the peripheral nerves, and a precise intramuscular injection technique, have been shown to be vital for preventing INP in the median nerve. Debates continue regarding what, if any, …

Call A Vegetable A Vegetable: Perceptions And Taste Ratings, Janel Reeves, Sharon Thompson, Alexandria Floyd

Public Health

Background: Research is mixed regarding how nutritional value of food can influence perceptions about taste, particularly among children. This study examined children’s perceptions of vegetable-enhanced snacks and milk substitutes prior to and after tasting. Methods: Two taste tests were performed with two groups of elementary age children (n = 29 and n=22). Prior to each tasting, they were made aware of the food being tasted. Participants provided perceptions of taste prior to sampling and also after tasting. Data were analyzed with paired two sample t-tests. In Taste Test #1, children gave spinach brownies higher ratings after tasting (prior: M=2.24; after: …