Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Evaluation Of 'Ckd-Epi Pakistan' Equation For Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (Egfr): A Comparison Of Egfr Prediction Equations In Pakistani Population, Sibtain Ahmed, Lena Jafri, Ayesha Habib Khan

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Objective: To evaluate the results of 24-hour urinary creatinine clearance (CrCl) with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI), CKD-EPI Pakistan (CKD-EPI Pak), Cockcroft Gault (CG) and 4-variable Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) equations.
Study Design: Descriptive, cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Section of Clinical Chemistry, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Aga Khan University, Karachi, from June to October 2013. Methodology: Laboratory data of subjects ≥18 years ordering 24-hour urinary CrCl from June to October 2013 was retrieved. Statistical comparison of eGFR using CKD-EPI, CKD-EPI Pak, CG and …

Practice Of Endodontic Re-Treatment In Four Cities Of Pakistan, Sana Ehsen Nagi, Farhan Raza Khan, Munawar Rahman

Section of Dental-Oral Maxillofacial Surgery

Background: Root canal re-treatment is the procedure of choice when the primary root treatment fails but patient is inclined toward salvage of the tooth. The re-treatment is often a challenging procedure owing to lack to the predictability in the outcomes. Since, there is a no single way of planning and executing such procedure, a study was planned to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice regarding endodontic re-treatment among Pakistani dentists. The effect of clinical experience on the re-treatment planning was also determined.
Methods: A survey was conducted by distributing a questionnaire among 240 dentists practicing in four major cities of …

State Requirements For Childhood Vaccination Exemption Forms In The United States, Katherine Elizabeth Hill

Theses and Dissertations

In the United States, children must be vaccinated in order to attend school, although parents also have the right to request a vaccine exemption. The type of vaccine exemption varies by state but can include exemption for religious, philosophical, medical, and temporary medical reasons. The purpose of this research was to identify the use of provider signature requirements and fees in states during the vaccine exemption process. A questionnaire was sent to immunization managers in the 50 United States, District of Columbia, the United States Indian Health Service, and eight United States territories. The managers were asked if their states …

Divergence Of Camp Signalling Pathways Mediating Augmented Nucleotide Excision Repair And Pigment Induction In Melanocytes, Erin M. Wolf Horrell, Stuart G. Jarrett, Katharine M. Carter, John A. D'Orazio

Markey Cancer Center Faculty Publications

Loss‐of‐function melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) polymorphisms are common in UV‐sensitive fair‐skinned individuals and are associated with blunted cAMP second messenger signalling and higher lifetime risk of melanoma because of diminished ability of melanocytes to cope with UV damage. cAMP signalling positions melanocytes to resist UV injury by upregulating synthesis of UV‐blocking eumelanin pigment and by enhancing the repair of UV‐induced DNA damage. cAMP enhances melanocyte nucleotide excision repair (NER), the genome maintenance pathway responsible for the removal of mutagenic UV photolesions, through cAMP‐activated protein kinase (protein kinase A)‐mediated phosphorylation of the ataxia telangiectasia‐mutated and Rad3‐related (ATR) protein on the S435 …

Medicaid Savings Continue In The Year After End Of Participation In The Program, Money Follows The Person, Glenn Landers, Kristi Fuller, Mei Zhou

Journal of the Georgia Public Health Association

Background: The aim of this analysis was to compare Georgia’s Medicaid expenditures for participants in the Money Follows the Person (MFP) six months before, 12 months during, and 12 months after MFP participation.

Methods: Differences in Medicaid expenditures for three populations of MFP participants (individuals with developmental disabilities, individuals with physical disabilities, and older adults) were compared by use of repeated measures t-tests.

Results: Per-member per-month Medicaid expenditures were lower across the three populations when comparing six months prior to transition from an institution to 12 months after leaving the MFP program.

Conclusions: The incorporation of features from programs such …

A Clinical Trial To Increase The Identification, Genetic Counseling Referral And Genetic Testing Of Women At Risk For Hereditary Breast And/Or Ovarian Cancer, Ceceilia Bellcross, Christine Stanislaw, April Hermstad, Christine Tallo, Chelsea Leonard

Journal of the Georgia Public Health Association

Background: Approximately 1/300 individuals in the general population are at risk for hereditary breast and ovarian cancer due to an inherited mutation in the BRCA1/BRCA2 genes. BRCA mutations are associated with dramatically increased risks for breast cancer, especially at younger ages, in addition to ovarian cancer. Enhanced screening and risk reduction strategies can significantly reduce associated morbidity and mortality. The United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommends identifying women at-risk for BRCA mutations for receipt of genetic counseling and if appropriate, testing. The Breast Cancer Genetics Referral Screening Tool (B-RST) is a validated screen endorsed by USPSTF to facilitate …

Breast Cancer Screening In Patients With Newly Diagnosed Lung And Colorectal Cancer: A Population-Based Study Of Utilization, Gelareh Sadigh, Ruth C. Carlos, Kevin C. Ward, Jeffrey M. Switchenko, Renjian Jiang, Kimberly E. Applegate, Richard Duszak Jr.

Radiology Faculty Publications

Purpose—To assess breast cancer screening utilization in Medicare beneficiaries with colorectal and lung cancer versus cancer-free controls.

Methods—Female fee-for-service Medicare beneficiaries who were ≥ 67 years old and diagnosed with lung or colorectal cancer between 2000 and 2011 and who reported to a Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) registry (case group) were followed for 2 years after their diagnoses, unless death, a diagnosis of breast cancer, or the end of 2013 came first. A similar number of cancer-free controls were individually matched to cases by age, race, registry region, and follow-up time. Screening utilization was defined as …

Effects Of Synthetic Cannabinoid Use, Susan H. Davide

Publications and Research

Synthetic Cannabinoid Use: Oral health professionals need to be aware of the systemic and oral health effects of the substances in this class of drugs.

Maternal Distraction During Breast- And Bottle Feeding Among Wic And Non-Wic Mothers, Alison K. Ventura, Simone Teitelbaum

Kinesiology and Public Health

Objective: To explore the prevalence and correlates of maternal distraction during infant feeding within a sample of mothers enrolled or not in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Woman, Infants, and Children (WIC).

Design: Mothers kept diaries of their infants’ feeding patterns.

Participants: Mothers (n = 75) with infants aged ≤6 months.

Main Outcome Measures: Within the diaries, mothers recorded what else, if anything, they did during the feeding. Mothers also completed questionnaires on demographics, feeding styles, and infant temperament and eating behaviors.

Analysis: Mothers’ responses were coded into thematic categories. Feedings were classified as distracted when the mothers reported …

Student Involvement In Curriculum Development Enhances Medical Education, Jacline Griffeth, Alexandra Sawyer, Nolan Johnson, Osama Hashmi, Neha Gupta, Sarah Swartz, Kathryn Martin, Carol Nichols

Journal of the Georgia Public Health Association

Background: During the 2014 annual review of the curriculum for first year medical students at the Medical College of Georgia, the public health module was noted as an area that needed improvement. To address this concern, a Public Health Curriculum Workgroup was formed for the purpose of identifying specific areas to improve and developing a more robust and integrative curriculum. A small cohort of medical students with public health backgrounds were invited to be members of this workgroup and participate in the development and delivery of public health content to the next cohort of first year medical students. We hypothesized …

The Association Between Nutrition, Physical Activity, And Weight Status Among Adults In Georgia, Trang Nguyen, Janani R. Thapa, Donglan Zhang, Elizabeth Pullekines

Journal of the Georgia Public Health Association

Background: Obesity is classified as having a body mass index (BMI) greater than 30 and is associated with higher risks of type 2 diabetes, coronary heart diseases, hypertension, and other adverse health outcomes. In 2015, the prevalence of self-reported obesity among adults in Georgia was 30.7. The present study focused on how, in 2015, lifestyle factors, specifically nutrition and physical activity levels, related with weight status in Georgia.

Methods: The dataset used for this analysis was from the 2015 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. The association between weight status (as measured by BMI) and nutrition and physical activity levels was …

Emphysematous Pyelonephritis With Renal Artery Pseudoaneurysm, Kevin Koo, Elias S. Hyams

Dartmouth Scholarship

Emphysematous pyelonephritis is an acute infection of the renal parenchyma and perinephric tissues caused by gas-forming microorganisms, resulting in the radiographic presence of gas in the kidney, collecting system, and surrounding spaces. Here we present a case of severe emphysematous pyelonephritis in the setting of Klebsiella urosepsis. Surgical exploration of the flank revealed infectious disintegration of the renal parenchyma into a large phlegmon. The post-operative course was complicated by renal artery pseudoaneurysm and cutaneous fistualization of a perinephric fluid collection. Despite the high rate of mortality associated with this condition, the patient survived and has remained clinically well.

The Choose H2o Challenge #Ich2oose: Piloting A Health Communication Campaign To Encourage Teens In Rural New Mexico To Drink More Water, Emily A. Lilo

Communication ETDs

This dissertation explains the process of designing, implementing, and evaluating a two-tiered health campaign on social media and in a rural New Mexico high school. The Choose H2O Challenge was an 8-week contest to engage youth in examining their beverage consumption habits, to increase awareness about the health risks of sugary beverages, the benefits of water, and the influence of beverage marketing on their choices. The goals were to change the culture of beverage consumption at the school by making it fun to drink more water, and to encourage teens to become health messengers to their families and friends. This …

Intimate Partner Violence Among Hiv Infected And Uninfected Pregnant Women Delivering At A National Hospital In Tanzania: Using A Modified Screening Tool, Hussein Kidanto, Andrew H. Mgaya, Birgitta Essen

Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa

Background: Worldwide Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) is a major public health problem, affecting all women and vulnerable groups such as HIV-infected women. This study aimed to test the applicability of assessment of IPV using a simple screening tool, among women giving birth at Muhimbili National Hospital in Tanzania, to estimate the prevalence and severity of IPV among HIV-infected and uninfected pregnant women, and to assess the odds of IPV among both groups of women.

Methods: A questionnaire including screening questions was applied to women delivered at Muhimbili National Hospital to identify those that experienced IPV. Demographics, HIV status, male partner’s …

Effect Of Medicaid Status On Up-To-Date Vaccination Rates Among Two-Year-Old Children In Georgia, 2015, Fabio R. Machado, Jessica Tuttle, Cherie Drenzek

Journal of the Georgia Public Health Association

Background: The annual Georgia Immunization Study (GIS) employs a retrospective cohort design to determine the up-to-date (UTD) immunization rate of 24-month-old children in Georgia. Previous results have shown lower vaccination rates in the second year of life, particularly for DTaP. We sought to determine if a discontinuation of Medicaid coverage after the infant year contributed to lower immunization rates in the second year.

Methods: A stratified random sample of 2,002 Georgia children born in January 2013 was drawn from electronic birth records. Immunization history and Medicaid status were obtained from the Georgia Registry of Immunization Transactions and Services (GRITS). Parents …

Invited Article, Prabha Adhikari Dr

Manipal Journal of Nursing and Health Sciences

No abstract provided.

Effect Of Laughter Yoga On Morale Of Old Age Home Residents, Beena Mathew Bhasan Dr

Manipal Journal of Nursing and Health Sciences

Introduction: The elderly population is increasing in the world and some of them are forced to stay in old age homes. Low morale, which is a sign of depression, can result from overlooking their medical and social problems as a part of normal ageing. Objectives: The objectives of the study were to find out the effect of “laughter yoga” on the morale of the elderly living in old age homes of Kottayam district and to identify the relationship between selected baseline variables and morale. Methods: Study participants were 153 elderlies, above 60 years of age, from randomly selected old age …

Tobacco Prevention: Knowledge And Attitude Of Oncology Nurses In A Tertiary Care Hospital Of The National Capital Of India, Jithin Thomas Parel Mr, Deepika C. Khaka Ms, Y Ps Balhara

Manipal Journal of Nursing and Health Sciences

Introduction: Tobacco use has alarmingly increased over the years across the world. Nurses have a pivotal role in facilitating comprehensive care in tobacco prevention. It ensures to curb the mortality and morbidity of tobacco related diseases including cancer. Therefore, the knowledge and attitude of nurses is an indispensable ingredient in delivering effective health education especially in oncology settings. Methods: A descriptive survey was undertaken on a sample of 45 nurses working in the Department of Medical Oncology of All India Institutes of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi after obtaining institutional ethical clearance. The subjects were assessed using self-developed knowledge questionnaire …

Supervisory Support Received By The Female Health Workers And Their Level Of Satisfaction With Supervision In Selected Phcs Of Mangalore Taluk, Dakshina Kannada District, India, Melanie Lewis Ms, Leena K. C Dr

Manipal Journal of Nursing and Health Sciences

Introduction: A public health care worker is the most vital component of the public health care system. Today’s health care worker is inflamed with smaller financial plans, greater responsibilities, time pressure and limited coworkers. Poor staff supervision, the absence of support and poor working domain have long been identified as bottle necks in the path of effective and efficient delivery of public health services in India due to the widespread crisis in the health workforce. The main objective of the study was to assess the supervisory support received by the Female Health Workers (FHW) and their satisfaction with supervision. Methods: …

Effectiveness Of Skill Training Program On Cpr Among Adolescents In Selected Colleges, Guwahat, Chingangbam Sonia Devi Ms, Nirmali Gogoi Ms, Pallabi Chetia

Manipal Journal of Nursing and Health Sciences

Introduction: Basic life support is an emergency procedure which is performed in order to return life of a person who has come across cardiac arrest. Resuscitation measures can be the lifesaving procedure for children and adults who experience cardiac arrest or respiratory failure. Objectives: The objectives of the study were to find out the effectiveness of Skill Training Program on knowledge and skill regarding Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and to determine whether there is any association between knowledge and skill regarding CPR with demographic variables. Methods: Pre-experimental one group pre-test post-test design was adopted and 40 adolescents were selected through stratified …

Effect Of Structured Activity Program On Subjective Wellbeing Of Patients With Chronic Mental Illness, Binu Sadanandan

Manipal Journal of Nursing and Health Sciences

Objectives: The present study aimed to determine the effect of structured activity program (SAP) on subjective well-being (SWB) of patients with chronic mental illness and its association with selected variables. Methods: One group pre-test post-test experimental design was used. Sixty patients with mental illness between the age group of 31-60 years were selected using purposive sampling technique. Tools used were semi structured interview schedule on socio demographic datasheet, Mini Mental Status Examination (MMSE) to screen the mentally ill patients and to exclude those with cognitive impairment and a modified subjective well-being inventory to assess the SWB of selected patients. Initially …

Effectiveness Of Foot Reflexology On Anxiety Among Primigravid Mothers In A Selected Rural Area At Mangalore, Nijina K. V, Vinish V Mr

Manipal Journal of Nursing and Health Sciences

Introduction: All women consider pregnancy as a special time in their lives. Many changes occur in a woman’s body during this time, her emotions, and during different events in the life of the woman. All these changes lead to stress and anxiety in pregnant women. Reflexology is one of the most effective techniques for reducing the severity of anxiety. Objectives: The objectives of the study were to determine the anxiety level on primigravid mothers and to find the effectiveness of Foot Reflexology on anxiety. Methodology: Quantitative evaluative approach with a quasiexperimental two group pre-test – post-test design was used for …

A Study To Determine The Effectiveness Of Mental Health Promotion Program (Mhpp) Among Students Of Selected Pre-University Colleges Of Udupi District, Bhavyashri, Tessy Treesa Jose Dr, Shalini Devendra Nayak Ms

Manipal Journal of Nursing and Health Sciences

Adolescence is the phase of transition between the childhood and adulthood, which leads to changes in physiological and psychological aspects. The present study pointed out the effectiveness of mental health promotion program on pre-university students. It brings positive outlook in their future life in various aspects. Objectives: Determine the knowledge of Pre-university students on mental health promotion and evaluate the effectiveness of Mental Health Promotion Program (MHPP) among pre-university students. Materials and Methods: Research design adopted in this study was quasi experimental pre-test and post-test control group design with an intervention to assess the effectiveness of program. Data was collected …

Effectiveness Of Aerobic Exercises On Depression: An Experimental Study On Old Age At Mangalore, Sooraj K Mr, Vinish V Mr

Manipal Journal of Nursing and Health Sciences

Introduction: Old age homes have taken up the traditional role of family for the security of elderly people. Studies have proved that prevalence rate of depression were high among institutionalized elderly. Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the depression status among the inmates, evaluate the effectiveness of aerobic exercises on depression among elderly and to find association between depression score among elderly with selected demographic variables. Methodology: Quantitative evaluative approach with quasi-experimental one group pre-test post-test design was used. Convenience-sampling technique was used to select 50 people above the age of 60 years, residing at a selected …

Study To Assess The Knowledge Of Registered Nurses Regarding Bioethics In Selected Setting, Mangaluru, Vaiana Khongshei Ms, Marita Sharal Pinto Ms, Sharilang Khriam Ms, Sr Deepa Peter Sr

Manipal Journal of Nursing and Health Sciences

Introduction: Ethics is the application of values and moral rules to human activities. The term can also be used to deal with the life-related ethical issues, especially when there is an unavailability of medical resources. Objective: The study was conducted to assess the level of knowledge on bioethics among registered nurses and to find the association between the knowledge score and selected baseline variables. Materials and Methods: A descriptive survey design was adopted for this study, using a convenient sampling of 150 registered nurses. A validated structured knowledge questionnaire was used to assess the knowledge of the registered nurses regarding …

Use Of Flipped Classroom Methods In Nursing Education: A Narrative Review Of Literature, Shanthi Ramasubramaniam Ms, Vijayalakshmi Gopalan Nair Ms, Jayanthi Radhakrishnan Dr

Manipal Journal of Nursing and Health Sciences

Introduction: Deployment of flipped lecture room techniques in undergraduate nursing program can be a very useful tool in increasing the student’s attention and learning process. It brings in a lot of accountability for selflearning among nursing students. Aim: The main aim of this review was to identify studies that have been conducted in nursing education using flipped classroom methods or techniques, to identify the benefits achieved by students and faculty members, to describe the current practice from studies reviewed and to develop a feasible model for practice. Materials and methods: The review was done using the electronic data bases including …

Breathe A Breath: Dawn Of A New Beginning, Sushmitha R. Karkada Ms, Parvati Bhat Dr, Shashikala K. Bhat Dr, Judith A. Noronha Dr

Manipal Journal of Nursing and Health Sciences

Pregnancy is a special feeling and special time for the mother-to-be, where she should take special care for her body as every action of hers will affect her baby. Every woman experiences pregnancy differently with a mixture of stressful and joyful moments that come along with it. Childbirth is a life-changing event for the woman and her family. Women should be safe during labour and birth. The birthing environment influences the feeling of safety and satisfaction in childbirth. The paper presents a paradigm shift that envisions how childbirth methodology has advanced, with a view to bring about a stereotype shift …

Moyamoya Disease: A Case Report, Latha T Ms, Girish Menon R Dr

Manipal Journal of Nursing and Health Sciences

Moyamoya disease is a rare cause for hemorrhagic stroke in adults. The authors present the case of a 39 years old man, who presented with features of intracerebral hemorrhage secondary to Moyamoya disease. He was a known case of diabetes mellitus, hypertension and had a past history of ischemic stroke. Left temporoparietal craniotomy and encephaloduroarteriomyosynangiosis (EDAM’S) was performed for the same. Patient got discharged on fifth postoperative day without any complication. The etiopathogeneses, clinical features, and management are discussed in this paper

Intravitreal Melphalan For Treatment Of Primary Vitreoretinal Lymphoma: A New Indication For An Old Drug., Carol L. Shields, Kareem Sioufi, Arman Mashayekhi, Jerry A. Shields

Wills Eye Hospital Papers

No abstract provided.

Non-Adherence To Eye Care In People With Diabetes, Ann P. Murchison, Lisa A. Hark, Laura T. Pizzi, Yang Dai, Eileen Mayro, Philip P. Storey, Benjamin E. Leiby, Julia A. Haller

Wills Eye Hospital Papers

Objective Evaluate individual factors that impact adherence to eye care follow-up in patients with diabetes. Design and methods A 4-year retrospective chart review was conducted for 1968 patients with diabetes over age 40 from an urban academic center. Data collected included demographics, insurance, visual acuity, smoking status, medications, dates of dilated fundus examinations (DFE), and reported hemoglobin A1C and blood glucose levels. The primary outcome was timely DFE follow-up adherence following the initial eye exam visit. Results Overall, 41.6% of patients adhered to initial follow-up eye care recommendations. Multivariable analysis demonstrated that patients with severe diabetic retinopathy (DR) were more …