Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Crystal Structure Of Yersinia Pestis Virulence Factor Yfea Reveals Two Polyspecific Metal-Binding Sites, Christopher D. Radka, Lawrence J. Delucas, Landon S. Wilson, Matthew B. Lawrenz, Robert D. Perry, Stephen G. Aller

Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics Faculty Publications

Gram-negative bacteria use siderophores, outer membrane receptors, inner membrane transporters and substrate-binding proteins (SBPs) to transport transition metals through the periplasm. The SBPs share a similar protein fold that has undergone significant structural evolution to communicate with a variety of differentially regulated transporters in the cell. In Yersinia pestis, the causative agent of plague, YfeA (YPO2439, y1897), an SBP, is important for full virulence during mammalian infection. To better understand the role of YfeA in infection, crystal structures were determined under several environmental conditions with respect to transition-metal levels. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and anomalous X-ray scattering data show that …

Growing South Dakota (Summer 2017), College Of Agriculture &. Biological Sciences

Growing South Dakota (Publication of the College of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences)

This issue contains the 2016 SDSU Extension Annual Report.

Page] 2 From the Director
[Page] 3 WaterTouches Everything, Multi-State Network Strives to Enhance Water Stewardship
[Page] 6 From RubbleTo Renewal, Unique Art Project Helps Delmont Community Heal
[Page] 7 Future Focused, Community Development Program Helps Harness Ideas Into Action
[Page] 8 Health Help, Statewide Program Strives To Help Individuals Better Manage Chronic Health Condition
[Page] 10 Making An Impact, Master Gardener Program Helps Individuals & Communities Flourish
[Page] 12 Statewide Highlights & Happenings
[Page] 14 Outreach to Youth, Programs Foster Engagement With Diverse Youth Audiences
[Page] 17 A Look At …

Using Constant Time Delay And Ecoaching To Teach Employment Skills To Young Adults With Autism Spectrum Disorder And Intellectual Disability In A Community Work Environment, Annemarie L. Horn

Communication Disorders & Special Education Theses & Dissertations

The goal of secondary education is to prepare students for greater levels of independence, especially in the areas of continued education and community employment. However, despite underlying potential, young adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and comorbid intellectual disability (ID) are vastly underrepresented in the area of post secondary employment. This could be attributed to the unique characteristics and learning needs of these students, or it may be a function of the lack of effective, evidence-based teaching practices, implemented with fidelity.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness and participant perceptions of implementing the constant time delay …

Re-Tubularization Of Highly-Ischemic Anti-Mesenteric Border (Rehab): A Novel Bowel Preservation Technique In Complex Gastroschisis., Richard J. Hendrickson, Ashwini S. Poola, Katherine W. Gonzalez, Joel Lim, Tolulope A. Oyetunji

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Complex gastroschisis with bowel necrosis poses an operative challenge. Surgeons must weigh the decision between resection versus preservation of ischemic bowel. As one of the leading causes of short bowel syndrome, aggressive resection in complicated gastroschisis subjects children to prolonged dependence on parenteral nutrition and its attendant complications. Herein, we describe a novel technique aimed towards bowel preservation in complex gastroschisis patients with severe bowel ischemia with the ultimate goal for enteral autonomy.

Efficacy And Safety Of Sparsentan Compared With Irbesartan In Patients With Primary Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis: Randomized, Controlled Trial Design (Duet)., Radko Komers, Debbie S. Gipson, Peter Nelson, Sharon Adler, Tarak Srivastava, Vimal K. Derebail, Kevin E. Meyers, Pablo Pergola, Meghan E. Macnally, Jennifer L. Hunt, Alvin Shih, Howard Trachtman

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Introduction: Primary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is a leading cause of nephrotic syndrome and end-stage renal disease. There are no US Food and Drug Administration-approved therapies for FSGS, and treatment often fails to reduce proteinuria. Endothelin is an important factor in the pathophysiology of podocyte disorders, including FSGS. Sparsentan is a first-in-class, orally active, dual-acting angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) and highly selective endothelin Type A receptor antagonist. This study is designed to evaluate whether sparsentan lowers proteinuria compared with an ARB alone and has a favorable safety profile in patients with FSGS.

Methods: DUET is a phase 2, randomized, active-control, …

Effectiveness Of An Online Natural Family Planning Program For Breastfeeding Women, Richard J. Fehring, Mary Schneider, Thomas Bouchard

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Objective To analyze the effectiveness of an online, nurse-managed natural family planning (NFP) program among breastfeeding women and subgroups of these women. Design Longitudinal comparative cohort study. Setting A university-based online NFP education program and menstrual cycle charting system. Participants Women (N = 816) with a mean age of 30.3 years (standard deviation = 4.5) who registered to use the online NFP system and indicated they were breastfeeding. Methods Participants tracked their fertile times with an electronic hormone fertility monitor (EHFM), cervical mucus monitoring, or both. All unintended pregnancies were evaluated by professional nurses. Results The correct use pregnancy rates …

Parents’ Perspectives On Caring For Children After Solid Organ Transplant, Stacee M. Lerret, Norah L. Johnson, Kristin Haglund

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Purpose

To explore parents’ experiences of the transition from hospital to home and complex chronic illness management following their children's solid organ transplant (SOT).

Design and Methods

Qualitative component of a larger mixed methods longitudinal study. Parents of SOT recipients were interviewed three times following hospital discharge from five major pediatric transplant hospitals in the United States.

Results

Analysis of parent interviews (N = 48) resulted in three themes that characterized the phases of transition to home and complex chronic illness care. Three themes, corresponding to the three time periods of data collection, included “getting back to normal” at 3 …

Neuropsychiatric Aspects Of Infectious Diseases: An Update, Sahil Munjal, Stephen J. Ferrando, Zachary Freyberg

NYMC Faculty Publications

Among the critically ill, infectious diseases can play a significant role in the etiology of neuropsychiatric disturbances. All critical care physicians are familiar with delirium as a secondary complication of systemic infection. This article focuses on key infectious diseases that commonly and directly produce neuropsychiatric symptoms, including direct infection of the central nervous system, human immunodeficiency virus infection, and AIDS.

Dragon Score Predicts Functional Outcomes In Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients Receiving Both Intravenous Tissue Plasminogen Activator And Endovascular Therapy, Arthur Wang, N Pednekar, R Lehrer, Akira Todo, Ramandeep Sahni, Stephen Marks, Michael Stiefel

NYMC Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: The DRAGON score, which includes clinical and computed tomographic (CT) scan parameters, predicts functional outcomes in ischemic stroke patients treated with intravenous tissue plasminogen activator (IV tPA). We assessed the utility of the DRAGON score in predicting functional outcome in stroke patients receiving both IV tPA and endovascular therapy. METHODS: A retrospective chart review of patients treated at our institution from February 2009 to October 2015 was conducted. All patients with computed tomography angiography (CTA) proven large vessel occlusions (LVO) who underwent intravenous thrombolysis and endovascular therapy were included. Baseline DRAGON scores and modified Rankin Score (mRS) at the …

Emergence And Evolution Of Multidrug-Resistant Klebsiella Pneumoniae With Both Blakpc And Blactx-M Integrated In The Chromosome, Weihua Huang, Guiqing Wang, Robert Sebra, Changhong Yin, Maria E. Aguero-Rosenfeld, Nevenka Dimitrova, John T. Fallon

NYMC Faculty Publications

The extended-spectrum-β-lactamase (ESBL)- and Klebsiella pneumoniaecarbapenemase (KPC)-producing Enterobacteriaceae represent serious and urgent threats to public health. In a retrospective study of multidrug-resistant K. pneumoniae, we identified three clinical isolates, CN1, CR14, and NY9, carrying both bla_CTX-M and bla_KPC genes. The complete genomes of these three K. pneumoniae isolates were de novo assembled by using both short- and long-read whole-genome sequencing. In CR14 and NY9, bla_CTX-M and bla_KPC were carried on two different plasmids. In contrast, CN1 had one copy of bla_KPC-2 and three copies of bla_CTX-M-15 integrated in the chromosome, for which the bla …

Acute Presentation Of Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia Requiring Damage Control Laparotomy In An Adult Patient, S He, Irony Sade, Gary Lombardo, Kartik Prabhakaran

NYMC Faculty Publications

Congenital diaphragmatic hernias constitute an infrequent but potentially serious presentation of bowel obstruction in the adult patient. Herein, we present a rare case of an adult patient with strangulation of colon within a Morgagni's hernia where timely recognition and intervention were life-saving. An 18-year-old female presented with an acute abdomen, respiratory failure, and shock secondary to a strangulated, previously undiagnosed Morgagni hernia requiring emergency laparotomy, reduction of hernia contents and resection of non-viable colon. The patient underwent repair of the hernia with restoration of bowel continuity and reconstruction of her abdominal wall in sequential fashion. Although congenital diaphragmatic hernias have …

The Relationship Of Early Class Start Times On Sleepiness And Driving Behaviors In An Emerging Adult Population, Jessica L. Fry

Psychology Theses & Dissertations

Teenage driver sleepiness is a recent concern for preventing motor vehicle fatalities. Early school start times limit the amount of sleep teenage high school students acquire during the week and have been related to increased crash risk. The current study extends this finding to teenage and emerging adult college students. The author examined the link between sleepiness and teenage driving behaviors, including the relationship between school start times and sleepiness. In all, 536 participants were recruited to participate in an online survey assessing driving and sleep behaviors. Correlations and path analysis found that sleepiness fully mediated the relationship between early …

Himmelfarb Library Liaison Letter - July 2017, George Washington University, Himmelfarb Health Sciences Library

Himmelfarb Library Liaison Letters

No abstract provided.

Supporting Mothers With Mental Illness: Postpartum Mental Health Service Linkage As A Matter Of Public Health And Child Welfare Policy, Jesse Krohn, Msed, Jd, Meredith Matone, Drph, Mhs

Journal of Law and Health

Through our work in youth advocacy as, respectively, legal and public health professionals, we are all too aware of the high levels of health care fragmentation experienced during pregnancy and postpartum by poor, young mothers of color. Meredith Matone’s research highlights the heightened risk of fragmentation for girls with histories of child welfare involvement. For example, she found that 66.7% of young mothers who had resided in out-of-home placements and who had taken antipsychotic medication prior to becoming pregnant failed to fill prescriptions for antipsychotics in their first postpartum year. Put another way, two-thirds of these vulnerable young mothers—a far …

Germ-Line Gene Editing And Congressional Reaction In Context: Learning From Almost 50 Years Of Congressional Reactions To Biomedical Breakthroughs, Russell A. Spivak, J.D., I. Glenn Cohen, J.D., Eli Y. Adashi, M.D., M.S.

Journal of Law and Health

On December 18, 2015, President Obama signed into law a policy rider forestalling the therapeutic modification of the human germ line. The rider, motivated by the science’s potential unethical ends, is only the most recent instance in which the legislature cut short the ongoing national conversation on the acceptability of a developing science. This essay offers historical perspective on what bills were proposed and passed surrounding four other then-developing scientific breakthroughs—Recombinant DNA, in vitro fertilization, Cloning, Stem Cells—to better analyze how Congress is, and should, regulate this exciting and promising science.

Analysis Of The Proposed Tpp-Related Patent Linkage System In Taiwan, Ping-Hsun Chen

Journal of Law and Health

The Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) Agreement mandates member states to implement a patent linkage system vested in Article 18.53. To successfully join the TPP Agreement, Taiwan has begun the legislation of a patent linkage system by proposing an amendment for the Pharmaceutical Affairs Act. Article 18.53 requires a member either to adopt a notification mechanism under Paragraph 1 or to stay the issuance of marketing approval under Paragraph 2. But, Taiwan’s proposal includes both measures. Taiwan’s patent linkage system allows a pioneer drug company to register patents claiming (a) a material, (b) a combination or formula, or (c) pharmaceutical use. The …

Circling The Drain: Regulating Nutrient Pollution From Agricultural Sources, William Gutermuth

Journal of Law and Health

The 2014 Toledo, Ohio tap water ban has, at least temporarily, put a spotlight on United States water supplies. Consequently, many Americans have begun to take a closer look at the quality of the fresh water bodies being used to supply tap water to their homes. Therefore, this Note analyzes the problems currently threatening the lakes, rivers, and other surface waters that are the source of fresh drinking water for huge populations in the United States. Part II examines the problem of nutrient pollution and explains the harmful effects it has on human health. Part III provides an overview of …

Equine Arteritis Virus Has Specific Tropism For Stromal Cells And Cd8+ T And Cd21+ B Lymphocytes But Not For Glandular Epithelium At The Primary Site Of Persistent Infection In The Stallion Reproductive Tract, Mariano Carossino, Alan T. Loynachan, Igor F. Canisso, Richard Frank Cook, Juliana Roberta Campos, Bora Nam, Yun Young Go, Edward L. Squires, Mats H. T. Troedsson, Thomas W. Swerczek, Fabio Del Piero, Ernest F. Bailey, Peter J. Timoney, Udeni B. R. Balasuriya

Veterinary Science Faculty Publications

Equine arteritis virus (EAV) has a global impact on the equine industry as the causative agent of equine viral arteritis (EVA), a respiratory, systemic, and reproductive disease of equids. A distinctive feature of EAV infection is that it establishes long-term persistent infection in 10 to 70% of infected stallions (carriers). In these stallions, EAV is detectable only in the reproductive tract, and viral persistence occurs despite the presence of high serum neutralizing antibody titers. Carrier stallions constitute the natural reservoir of the virus as they continuously shed EAV in their semen. Although the accessory sex glands have been implicated as …

The Implications Of Eco-Evolutionary Processes For The Emergence Of Marine Plankton Community Biogeography, Boris Sauterey, Ben Ward, Jonathan Rault, Chris Bowler, David Claessen

Entomology Faculty Publications

Models of community assembly have been used to illustrate how the many functionally diverse species that compose plankton food webs can coexist. However, the evolutionary processes leading to the emergence of plankton food webs and their interplay with migratory processes and spatial heterogeneity are yet to be explored. We study the eco-evolutionary dynamics of a modeled plankton community structured in both size and space and physiologically constrained by empirical data. We demonstrate that a complex yet ecologically and evolutionarily stable size-structured food web can emerge from an initial set of two monomorphic phytoplankton and zooplankton populations. We also show that …

Brain Injury With Systemic Inflammation In Newborns With Congenital Heart Disease Undergoing Heart Surgery, R Pironkova, Joseph Giamelli, H Seiden, V Parnell, D Gruber, C Sison, K Ojamaa

NYMC Faculty Publications

The potential role of systemic inflammation on brain injury in newborns with congenital heart disease (CHD) was assessed by measuring levels of central nervous system (CNS)-derived proteins in serum prior to and following cardiac surgery. A total of 23 newborns (gestational age, 39±1 weeks) with a diagnosis of CHD that required cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) were enrolled in the current study. Serum samples were collected immediately prior to surgery and 2, 24 and 48 h following CPB, and serum levels of phosphorylated neurofilament-heavy subunit (pNF-H), neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and S100B were analyzed. Systemic inflammation was assessed by measuring …

Screening For Syphilis In Cases Of Suspected Gonorrhea And Chlamydia Infections, Kumara Nibhanipudi, K Cody

NYMC Faculty Publications

Background. In all cases of suspected sexually transmitted infections (STIs), it has been routine practice to screen for syphilis with a blood sample. The incidence of syphilis seems to be lower than that of commonly screened STIs. Objective. The objective of our study was to determine whether it is cost-effective to screen for syphilis with serological testing in cases of suspected gonorrhea and chlamydia infections. Hypothesis. Our hypothesis is that it is not cost-effective to screen for syphilis in cases of presumed gonorrhea and chlamydia infections. Methods. Our study is a New York Medical College institutional …

Othering In The Nursing Context: A Concept Analysis, Mary Lee A. Roberts, Martin Schiavenato

Nursing Faculty Scholarship

Aim

‘Othering’ is described as a social process whereby a dominant group or person uses negative attributes to define and subordinate others. Literature suggests othering creates exclusive relationships and puts patients at risk for suboptimal care. A concept analysis delineating the properties of othering was conducted to develop knowledge to support inclusionary practices in nursing.

Design

Rodgers’ Evolutionary Method for concept analysis guided this study.

Methods

The following databases were searched spanning the years 1999–2015: CINAHL, PUBMED, PsychINFO and Google. Search terms included “othering”, “nurse”, “other”, “exclusion” and “patient”.

Results

Twenty-eight papers were analyzed whereby definitions, related concepts and othering …

Connective Tissue, Glial And Neuronal Expressions In Testis Of The African Giant Rat (Cricetomys Gambianus), T. E. Falade, Matthew A. Olude, Oluwaseun A. Mustapha, Ejikeme F. Mbajiorgu, Amadi O. Ihunwo, F. E. Olopade, B. O. Oke

Brain and Mind Institute

Introduction:

This study was carried out to investigate the expression of connective tissue (Collagens I and III), glia and neuronal markers in the testis of the African giant rat using histology and immunohistochemistry techniques.

Materials and Methods:

Eight (8) apparently healthy wild male African giant rats were used for this experiment, divided into 2 groups (juvenile and adult) of 4 animals each. The testes were harvested following intracardial perfusion of the rats and histology was performed using Haematoxylin-Eosin stain and Mallory-Heideinhain rapid one- step staining for connective tissue. Immunohistochemical identification was achieved using the following antibodies: anti-collagen type …

Socio-Demographic And Clinical Characteristics Of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (Copd) Patients, Flavia Castelino Ms, Mukhyaprana Prabhu Dr, Mamatha Shivananda Pai Dr, Asha Kamath Dr

Manipal Journal of Nursing and Health Sciences

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a crucial health issue and ranks fifth in the global burden of disease. Even though the disease is identified by the symptoms of intensified respiratory manifestations and decline in functional status, exacerbation gives rise to the substantial threat for morbidity and early mortality. COPD also has a considerable influence on quality of life and is the noteworthy cause of health care associated expenses. This study is descriptive analysis of the socio-demographic and clinical variables among COPD patients in a tertiary referral hospital. Objective: The objective of this study is to assess the socio-demographic variables …

Quality Of Life Of Mothers Having Intellectually Disabled Children: A Systematic Review, Anjali K. G Ms, Tessy Treesa Jose Dr, Blessy Prabha Valsaraj Dr, Asha K. Nayak Ms

Manipal Journal of Nursing and Health Sciences

Introduction: Parents with children having intellectual disability experience more stress compared to their counterpart who have children with no intellectual disability. Disabilities of children may burden their family members, especially their parents, who are their long term caregivers. Mother act as the primary caregiver within the family. Purpose: This systematic review is intended to bring out pooled evidence on quality of life (QOL) of parents with children having the intellectual disability which will affect the rehabilitation of the affected child. Method: Databases such as CINAHL, Pub Med/Medline were searched to identify the potential studies. Results: A variety of survey methods …

Ellen White, Health, And The Third Angel’S Message: Part 2: Minimizing Non-Communicable Diseases, Warren A. Shipton

Journal of the Adventist Theological Society

"There have been remarkable changes in causes of human diseases identified in the last 150 years. Following the discovery of antibiotics and their widespread adoption since mid-last century and other advances in the field of microbiology, the incidence of contagious diseases has declined. Now the world is facing the danger of epidemics of non-communicable diseases that are related to life-style choices. Societies have invited and experienced these diseases for a long time, but they are now ravaging our health. In the times when Ellen White wrote, she laid a firm foundation for maintenance of physical health by anchoring her advice …

Relationship Between Weight Status, Demographic Variables And Health-Related Quality Of Life In New Mexico Adolescents, Ukeme Umoh

Biomedical Sciences ETDs

This study evaluated the relationship between weight status, demographic variables and HRQOL in New Mexico adolescents. This secondary analysis uses baseline data from 991 adolescents in the 9^th and 10^th grades enrolled in the ACTION PAC clinical trial. HRQOL was assessed using the validated Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory Version 4.0 (PedsQL 4.0). Body mass index (BMI) percentiles were calculated from anthropometric measurements, and demographic variables (age, sex, race/ethnicity and household income) were obtained via self-report. Obese adolescents (BMI ≥ 95^th percentile) had lower total (pthpercentile) adolescents. Males reported higher total (p

Trigger Warnings: From Panic To Data, Francesca Laguardia, Venezia Michalsen

Department of Justice Studies Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

Following a practice originated online, university faculty and staff have increasingly used “trigger warnings” to alert students to the possibility that they might be affected or even harmed by potentially traumatic material. This practice has led to a passionate debate about whether such warnings stifle or encourage student expression and academic freedom, and whether they are beneficial or detrimental to learning. In this article, we illustrate the history and current state of this debate, and examine the scientific support for the arguments for and against the use of such warnings. Specifically, we question the scientific basis for the suggestion that …

Critical Care Nurses’ Suggestions To Improve End-Of-Life Care Obstacles: Minimal Change Over 17 Years, Renea L. Beckstrand, Kacie Hart Hadley, Karlen E. Luthy, Janelle L. B. Macintosh

Faculty Publications

Background: Critical-care nurses (CCNs) provide end-of-life (EOL) care on a daily basis as 1 in 5 patients dies while in intensive care units. Critical-care nurses overcome many obstacles to perform quality EOL care for dying patients.

Objectives: The purposes of this study were to collect CCNs’ current suggestions for improving EOL care and determine if EOL care obstacles have changed by comparing results to data gathered in 1998.

Methods: A 72-item questionnaire regarding EOL care perceptions was mailed to a national, geographically dispersed, random sample of 2000 members of the American Association of Critical-Care Nurses. One of 3 qualitative questions …

Prevalence And Incidence Of Hypertension: Results From A Representative Cohort Of Over 16,000 Adults In Three Cities Of South Asia, Dorairaj Prabhakaran, Panniyammakal Jeemon, Shreeparna Ghosh, Roopa Shivashankar, Vamadevan S. Ajay, Dimple Kondal, Ruby Gupta, Mohammed K. Ali, Deepa Mohan, Viswanathan Mohan, Muhammad Masood Kadir, Nikhil Tandon, Kolli Srinath Reddy, K.M. Venkat Narayan

Community Health Sciences

Background: Despite high projected burden, hypertension incidence data are lacking in South Asian population. We measured hypertension prevalence and incidence in the Center for cArdio-metabolic Risk Reduction in South Asia (CARRS) adult cohort.
Methods: The CARRS Study recruited representative samples of Chennai, Delhi, and Karachi in 2010/11, and socio-demographic and risk factor data were obtained using a standard common protocol. Blood pressure (BP) was measured in the sitting position using electronic sphygmomanometer both at baseline and two year follow-up. Hypertension and control were defined by JNC 7 criteria.
Results: In total, 16,287 participants were recruited (response rate=94.3%) and two …