Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Detection And Molecular Status Of Isospora Sp. From The Domestic Pigeon (Columba Livia Domestica)., Ryuma Matsubara, Yasuhiro Fukuda, Fumi Murakoshi, Osamu Nomura, Toru Suzuki, Chika Tada, Yutaka Nakai

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Faculty Papers

The domestic pigeon, Columba livia domestica, is reared for meat production, as a pet, or for racing. Few reports have characterized the parasitic protists from the genus Isospora isolated from Columbiformes. We detected Isospora-like oocysts from C. livia reared for racing. The oocyst contained two sporocysts, and each sporocyst included four sporozoites. The sporulated oocysts (n=4) were spherical; their mean diameters were 25.6 (24.0-27.2)×24.7 (23.4-26.0) μm. Micropyles, polar granules, and oocyst residuum were absent. The mean length and width of the sporocysts (n=8) were 19.5 (18.5-20.5) and 11.2 (10.2-12.1) μm, respectively. Stieda and sub-Stieda bodies were observed. Single-oocyst PCR revealed …

Development Of Field-Applicable Tests For Rapid And Sensitive Detection Of Candidatus Phytoplasma Oryzae, Lillian Wambua, Bernd Schneider, Allan Okwaro, Joseph Odhiambo Wanga, Olive Imali, Peninah Nduku Wambua, Lavender Agutu, Cassandra Olds, Chris Stephen Jones, Daniel Masiga, Charles Midega, Zeyaur Khan, Joerg Jores, Anne Fischer

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Napier grass Stunt Disease (NSD) is a severe disease of Napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum) in Eastern Africa, caused by the leafhopper-transmitted bacterium Candidatus Phytoplasma oryzae. The pathogen severely impairs the growth of Napier grass, the major fodder for dairy cattle in Eastern Africa. NSD is associated with biomass losses of up to 70% of infected plants. Diagnosis of NSD is done by nested PCR targeting the phytoplasma DNA, which is difficult to perform in developing countries with little infrastructure. We report the development of an easy to use, rapid, sensitive and specific molecular assay for field diagnosis of NSD. The …

Myocardial Infarction In The Wisconsin Longitudinal Study: The Interaction Among Environmental, Health, Social, Behavioural And Genetic Factors, Tina K. Gonzales, James A. Yonker, Vicky Chang, Carol L. Roan, Pamela Herd, Craig S. Atwood

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Objectives:

This study examined how environmental, health, social, behavioural and genetic factors interact to contribute to myocardial infarction (MI) risk.

Design:

Survey data collected by Wisconsin Longitudinal Study (WLS), USA, from 1957 to 2011, including 235 environmental, health, social and behavioural factors, and 77 single- nucleotide polymorphisms were analysed for association with MI. To identify associations with MI we utilized recursive partitioning and random forest prior to logistic regression and chi-squared analyses.

Participants:

6198 WLS participants (2938 men; 3260 women) who (1) had a MI before 72 years and (2) had a MI between 65 and 72 years. …

An Integrative Study Of Motivation And Goal Regulation Processes In Subclinical Anxiety, Depression And Hypomania, Joanne M. Dickson, Sheri Johnson, Christopher Huntley, Peter Taylor

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Research has implicated motivation and goal regulation in susceptibility to mood disorders. We studied for the first time key facets of motivation and goal regulation concurrently in relation to affective symptoms. The cross-national sample comprised 510 university students from the United States (n = 279) and United Kingdom (n = 231). Participants completed self-report measures of motivation, conditional goal setting, urgency, depression, anxiety, and mania risk. Structural Equation Modeling results found that behavioral activation system scores correlated negatively with depression and positively with mania risk, but were unrelated to anxiety. High conditional goal setting correlated uniquely with higher …

Perceived Stress Levels May Impact Upper Extremity Function Among Women Treated For Breast Cancer, Mary Insana Fisher, Anne Fleischer, Kimbery Parent, Renee Roberts, Megan Mcclure, Lynn Hendricks

EKU Faculty and Staff Scholarship

Women treated for breast cancer report ongoing disability in their involved upper extremity, however, often objective measures do not appear to explain the level of perceived dysfunction. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between perceived stress level, fear of physical activity and self-reported upper extremity function among women treated for breast cancer.

Utilization Of Lung Cancer Screening And Molecular Testing To Improve Lung Cancer Outcomes, Jennifer Lynne Ersek

Theses and Dissertations

Despite progress in detection and treatment, lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States. The United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommends adults at high risk for lung cancer undergo annual low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening, however, lung cancer screening (LCS) uptake remains low. Qualitative research on family physician (FP) perceptions and experiences with LCS has been limited since USPSTF publication and Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) decision memo. We conducted a qualitative study to assess FP knowledge and perceptions of LCS and gain insight into their current experiences with LDCT. A …

The Role Of Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 8 In Vascular Disease, Desiree Leach

Theses and Dissertations

In response to injury, mature vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) undergo dedifferentiation, also known as phenotype modulation or switch. This process is characterized by a downregulation or loss of expression of contractile genes and concomitant with an increase in cell proliferation, migration, and extracellular matrix production, thereby leading to vascular lesion formation. However, the underlying molecular mechanism is not fully understood. The objective of my study was to determine whether cyclin-dependent kinase 8 (CDK8), a transcription-regulating kinase, plays a mediator role in vascular SMC dedifferentiation and lesion formation. Our results from immunochemical staining and Western blot revealed that CDK8 expression …

Sophoraflavenone G Restricts Dengue And Zika Virus Infection Via Rna Polymerase Interference, A Sze, D Olagnier, S Hadj, X Han, X Tian, H Xu, Long Yang, Q Shi, Penghua Wang, M Wainberg, J Wu, R Lin

NYMC Faculty Publications

Flaviviruses including Zika, Dengue and Hepatitis C virus cause debilitating diseases in humans, and the former are emerging as global health concerns with no antiviral treatments. We investigated Sophora Flavecens, used in Chinese medicine, as a source for antiviral compounds. We isolated Sophoraflavenone G and found that it inhibited Hepatitis C replication, but not Sendai or Vesicular Stomatitis Virus. Pre- and post-infection treatments demonstrated anti-flaviviral activity against Dengue and Zika virus, via viral RNA polymerase inhibition. These data suggest that Sophoraflavenone G represents a promising candidate regarding anti-Flaviviridae research.

Project Echo: A Telementoring Program For Cervical Cancer Prevention And Treatment In Low-Resource Settings, Melissa S Lopez, Ellen S Baker, Andrea M Milbourne, Rose M Gowen, Ana M Rodriguez, Cesaltina Lorenzoni, Catherine Mwaba, Susan Citonje Msadabwe, José Humberto Tavares, Georgia Fontes-Cintra, Gustavo Zucca-Matthes, Donato Callegaro-Filho, Danielle Ramos-Martin, Icaro Thiago De Carvalho, Robson Coelho, Renato Moretti Marques, Thiago Chulam, Mila Pontremoli-Salcedo, Fernanda Nozar, Veronica Fiol, Mauricio Maza, Sanjeev Arora, Ernest T Hawk, Kathleen M Schmeler

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Cervical cancer incidence and mortality rates are significantly higher in low- and middle-income countries compared with the United States and other developed countries. This disparity is caused by decreased access to screening, often coupled with low numbers of trained providers offering cancer prevention and treatment services. However, similar disparities are also found in underserved areas of the United States, such as the Texas-Mexico border, where cervical cancer mortality rates are 30% higher than in the rest of Texas. To address these issues, we have adopted the Project ECHO (Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes) program, a low-cost telementoring model previously proven …

The Interprofessional Academy Of Educators: Inclusive, Collaborative, Innovative, Tanya M. Custer, Kim Michael

Posters and Presentations: Medical Imaging & Therapeutic Sciences

Issue to be addressed: To elevate the educational mission of the institution, UNMC established the Interprofessional Academy of Educators in 2016. Designed by educators for educators, this interprofessional community strives to improve health professions education by encouraging curricular innovation, supporting educational scholarship & offering mentorship for early career and seasoned educators.

Method: The inaugural class included a unique blend of medical scholars from 8 Colleges, 2 Institutes, Academic Affairs, IT Services, and Library Sciences. Members span a 500-mile wide campus. Eight SIGs foster interprofessional collaboration & scholarship. An academically diverse leadership team of five oversees the Academy.

The Mediating Effects Of Positive Thinking And Social Support On Suicide Resilience Among Undergraduate Students, Denise Marie Matel-Anderson

Dissertations (1934 -)

Suicide has been the 2nd leading cause of death for 18-24-year-olds in the US since 2011. The stress experienced by undergraduate college students has the potential to increase ones’ risk for suicide. Resilience theory was used as a theoretical framework to examine the interplay between risk and protective factors. A cross-sectional and correlational design was used to assess the mediating effects of positive thinking and/or social support on suicide resilience in 131 college students 18-24 years old who completed an online survey. An indirect effect of self-esteem on suicide resilience was found through positive thinking and social support indicating that …

Muscle Coordination Contributes To Function After Stroke; Proprioception Contributes To Control Of Posture, Movement, Maria Bengtson

Dissertations (1934 -)

More than half of stroke survivors experience persistent upper extremity motor impairments that can negatively impact quality of life and independence. Effective use of the upper extremity requires coordination of agonist/antagonist muscle pairs, as well as coordination of multiple control actions for stabilizing and moving the arm. In this dissertation, I present three studies in which I recorded isometric torque production, single joint movement and stabilization, and clinical measures of function and impairments after stroke to evaluate the extent to which changes in coordination of agonist/antagonist muscles and of sequential control actions contribute to deficits after stroke. In Aim 1, …

Motivational And Intervention Systems And Monitoring With Mhealth Tools, Golam Mushih Tanimul Ahsan

Dissertations (1934 -)

Use of mobile and telecommunication technologies has become widespread in the last decade. With this development, use of mobile devices in healthcare (mHealth) is also increasing. Mobile phones, smartphones, and other mobile devices are affordable tools for different health-related services. In my research, with my research team, I have helped to develop several mHealth tools to address the quality of life of cancer survivors, cancer patients, and individuals at increased risk for cancer. Tobacco smoking is the major cause of several types of often-fatal cancers and cardio-respiratory diseases. Optimally, we hypothesize that the most effective mHealth tools should be customized …

Motion Artifact Evaluation Of Coronary Ct Angiography Images, Hongfeng Ma

Dissertations (1934 -)

The objective of this dissertation was to develop and validate an automated algorithm to quantify motion artifact level on coronary CT angiography (CCTA) images. Unlike existing motion artifact reduction techniques that evaluate the relative level of motion artifacts within one exam, this dissertation aims to quantify the absolute level of motion artifacts across exams from varying patients. The ability to quantify absolute motion artifact level enables several potential applications, for example, assessing and comparing two motion artifact reduction techniques. This dissertation includes three specific aims. Aim 1 investigated the absolute motion artifact quantification effectiveness of six motion artifact metrics using …

Health-Related Quality Of Life Variations By Sociodemographic Factors And Chronic Conditions In Three Metropolitan Cities Of South Asia: The Carrs Study, Kavita Singh, Dimple Kondal, Roopa Shivashankar, Mohammed K. Ali, Rajendra Pradeepa, Vamadevan S. Ajay, Viswanathan Mohan, Muhammad Masood Kadir, Mark Daniel Sullivan, Nikhil Tandon, K M Venkat Narayan, Dorairaj Prabhakaran

Community Health Sciences

Objectives: Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is a key indicator of health. However, HRQOL data from representative populations in South Asia are lacking. This study aims to describe HRQOL overall, by age, gender and socioeconomic status, and examine the associations between selected chronic conditions and HRQOL in adults from three urban cities in South Asia.
Methods: We used data from 16 287 adults aged ≥20 years from the baseline survey of the Centre for Cardiometabolic Risk Reduction in South Asia cohort (2010-2011). HRQOL was measured using the European Quality of Life Five Dimension-Visual Analogue Scale (EQ5D-VAS), which measures health status …

Modeling The Influence Of Early Skin-To-Skin Contact On Exclusive Breastfeeding In A Sample Of Hispanic Immigrant Women, Ana Maria Linares, Karen Wambach, Mary Kay Rayens, Amanda Wiggins, Elizabeth Coleman, Mark B. Dignan

Nursing Faculty Publications

Using data from a longitudinal study of breastfeeding in Hispanics, this study evaluated the influence of early skin-to-skin contact (SSC) on initiation and sustained exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) at 1 month postpartum. Two-thirds of the women in the sample participated in early SSC. At discharge, over half of the women were EBF; this proportion decreased to one-third at 1 month postpartum. Controlling for demographic and clinical variables in the model, participation in early SSC was associated with a greater than sevenfold increase in the odds of EBF at discharge (p = .005) but was not predictive of EBF at 1 …

Brain Candy: Wayne State University School Of Medicine Journal Of Arts And Culture, Fall 2017 Edition, Wayne State University School Of Medicine Writing Workshop, Wayne State University School Of Medicine Gold Humanism Honor Society

Gold Humanism Honor Society

Brain Candy collects poetry, nonfiction essays, short fiction, photographs, and drawings to shed light on the creative process in medicine, the city of Detroit, and the experiences of health care providers. Features submissions from medical students, physicians, and School of Medicine staff.

"I'Ve Got My Mind Made Up": How Judicial Teleology In Cases Involving Biologically Based Evidence Violates Therapeutic Jurisprudence, Michael L. Perlin

Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice

The article critiques the teleological reasoning employed by judges in cases involving biologically-based evidence, particularly in mental disability law. It argues that judges often prioritize pre-determined outcomes over evidence, leading to decisions that neglect valid scientific data and violate the principles of therapeutic jurisprudence.

The Double-Edged Sword: A Mixed Methods Study Of The Interplay Between Bipolar Disorder And Technology Use, Mark Matthews, Elizabeth Murnane, Jaime Snyder, Shion Guha Phd, Pamara Chang, Gavin Doherty, Geri Gay

Health Services and Informatics Research

Human behavior is increasingly reflected or acted out through technology. This is of particular salience when it comes to changes in behavior associated with serious mental illnesses including schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Early detection is crucial for these conditions but presently very challenging to achieve. Potentially, characteristics of these conditions’ traits and symptoms, at both idiosyncratic and collective levels, may be detectable through technology use patterns. In bipolar disorder specifically, initial evidence associates changes in mood with changes in technology-mediated communication patterns. However much less is known about how people with bipolar disorder use technology more generally in their lives, …

A Longitudinal Study Of The Effects Of Cognitive Awareness Training On Transaction Processing Accuracy: An Introduction To The Ace Theoretical Construct, John Townsend

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This study examines the impact of Cognitive Awareness training on transaction processing accuracy rates within the US Financial Services Industry. Grounded in the theories of Inattentional Blindness and Error Management Culture, this paper supports and extends both theories through the development of a new theoretical construct. The ACE Construct is a novel approach that combines cognitive science, organizational development, and operational efficiency practices into a single approach designed to improve transaction processing accuracy. The study involved the design and implementation of a novel training program, with performance data observations sampled over seven months, to evaluate the impact of Cognitive Awareness …

Effects Of A Collaborative Care For Depression Intervention On Health Service Utilization And Depression Severity, Girlyn Arganza Cachaper

Health Services Research Dissertations

Depression is the leading cause of disability worldwide, disproportionately affecting the Medicaid population. Collaborative care programs for depression are transforming primary care to increase access and coordinate physical and behavioral health services. Understanding the relationships between components of collaborative care programs, characteristics of participants, and their effect on outcomes can maximize program effectiveness. A pilot collaborative care for depression program within a Medicaid managed care organization was evaluated using administrative claims and case management data. Participants (n=444) included adults with prior Medicaid coverage and a comparison group identified using one-to-one propensity score-matching. Multivariate logistic regression models estimated the odds of …

Multicenter Handoff Collaborative, Philip E. Greilich, Joseph R. Keebler

Publications

Communication and team-based care are at the heart of patient safety. As anesthesia professionals, we witness this at its very best and worst when transferring patients to and from the operating room (see article by Dr. Lorinc on types of transfers in this issue). In response, we have an opportunity to take a leading role in redesigning the most ubiquitous teaming event in hospitals in a manner that promotes team-based behaviors. The impact of unreliable handoffs on communication failures and medical errors is well known. To combat this issue, mandates by The Joint Commission (TJC) in 2006 and the American …

Hmgb1 Redox During Sepsis, Wasan Abdulmahdi, Devika Patel, May Rabadi, Tala Azar, Edson Jules, Mark Lipphardt, Rameen Hashemiyoon, Brian B. Ratliff

NYMC Faculty Publications

During sepsis, the alarmin HMGB1 is released from tissues and promotes systemic inflammation that results in multi-organ damage, with the kidney particularly susceptible to injury. The severity of inflammation and pro-damage signaling mediated by HMGB1 appears to be dependent on the alarmin's redox state. Therefore, we examined HMGB1 redox in kidney cells during sepsis. Using intravital microscopy, CellROX labeling of kidneys in live mice indicated increased ROS generation in the kidney perivascular endothelium and tubules during lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced sepsis. Subsequent CellROX and MitoSOX labeling of LPS-stressed endothelial and kidney proximal tubule cells demonstrated increased ROS generation in these cells as …

Long-Term Detection Of Atrial Fibrillation With Insertable Cardiac Monitors In A Real-World Cryptogenic Stroke Population., Paul D Ziegler, John D Rogers, Scott W Ferreira, Allan J Nichols, Mark Richards, Jodi L Koehler, Shantanu Sarkar

Heart and Vascular Articles

BACKGROUND: The long-term incidence of atrial fibrillation (AF) in cryptogenic stroke (CS) patients has been explored in carefully controlled clinical trials but real-world data are limited. We investigated the two-year incidence of AF in real-world clinical practice among a large cohort of patients with an insertable cardiac monitor (ICM) placed for AF detection following CS.

METHODS: Patients in the de-identified Medtronic Discovery™ Link database who received an ICM (Reveal LINQ™) for the purpose of AF detection following CS were included and monitored for up to 2years. All detected AF episodes (≥2min) were adjudicated. We quantified the AF detection rate using …

Complete Genome Sequence Of A Colistin-Resistant Escherichia Coli Strain Harboring Mcr-1 On An Inchi2 Plasmid In The United States, V Gilrane, S Lobo, Weihua Huang, J Zhuge, Changhong Yin, Donald Chen, K Alvarez, Alexandra Budhai, I Nadelman, Nevenka Dimitrova, John Fallon, Guiqing Wang

NYMC Faculty Publications

We report here the incidental detection and complete genome sequence of a urinary Escherichia coli strain harboring mcr-1 and resistant to colistin in a New York patient returning from Portugal in 2016. This strain, with sequence type 1485 (ST1485), was a non-extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) and non-carbapenemase producer and carried the mcr-1 gene on an IncHI2 plasmid.

Peptidyl-Prolyl Isomerase 1 Regulates Ca(2+) Handling By Modulating Sarco(Endo)Plasmic Reticulum Calcium Atpase And Na(2+)/Ca(2+) Exchanger 1 Protein Levels And Function, V Sacchi, B Wang, D Kubli, A Martinez, J Jin, R Alvarez, N Hariharan, C Glembotski, T Uchida, J Malter, Y Yang, P Gross, C Zhang, S Houser, Marcello Rota, M Sussman

NYMC Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Aberrant Ca(2+) handling is a prominent feature of heart failure. Elucidation of the molecular mechanisms responsible for aberrant Ca(2+) handling is essential for the development of strategies to blunt pathological changes in calcium dynamics. The peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase peptidyl-prolyl isomerase 1 (Pin1) is a critical mediator of myocardial hypertrophy development and cardiac progenitor cell cycle. However, the influence of Pin1 on calcium cycling regulation has not been explored. On the basis of these findings, the aim of this study is to define Pin1 as a novel modulator of Ca(2+) handling, with implications for improving myocardial contractility and potential for …

Nuclear Gene 33/Mig6 Regulates The Dna Damage Response Through An Atm-Dependent Mechanism, C Li, S Park, X Zhang, Leonard Eisenberg, Hong Zhao, Zbigniew Darzynkiewicz, Dazhong Xu

NYMC Faculty Publications

Gene 33 (Mig6, ERRFI1) is an adaptor protein with multiple cellular functions. We recently linked Gene 33 to the DNA damage response (DDR) induced by hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)], but the molecular mechanism remains unknown. Here we show that ectopic expression of Gene 33 triggers DDR in an ATM serine/threonine kinase-dependent fashion and through pathways dependent or not dependent on ABL proto-oncogene 1 non-receptor tyrosine kinase (c-Abl). We observe clear presence of Gene 33 in the nucleus and chromatin fractions of the cell. We also found that the nuclear localization of Gene 33 is regulated by its 14-3-3 binding motif (14-3-3BD) …

Economic Impact Of Pharmacist Participiation In The Neurocritical Care Unit., Keithan Sivakumar Md, Shweta Varade Md, Jason Laskosky Pharmd, Bcps, Adam Edwards Md, Preet Varade Md

Department of Medicine

No abstract provided.

Resveratrol Increases Cathelicidin Expression And Offers A Novel Approach To Combat Staph Aureus Invasion., Shivtaj Mann Do, Kyle Kreitman Do

Department of Medicine

No abstract provided.

Outcomes Of Pulmonary Embolism In A Tertiary Setting., Nicole Stansbury, James K. Wu Md

Department of Surgery

No abstract provided.