Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Sociocultural Predictors Of Perceived Sexism In Urban College Students, Jennifer M. Grant

Dissertations and Theses

No abstract provided.

The Role Of Rejection Sensitivity In Posttraumatic Stress Disorder; A Pilot Investigation, Grace Kiriakos

Dissertations and Theses

"The aim of this secondary data analysis is to explore the hypothetical relationship between rejection sensitivity (RS) level and PTSD symptom severity. We predicted that RS would be positively related to PTSD symptom severity. Pilot data from 39 individuals were analyzed to explore bivariate correlations on indices of RS, PTSD symptom severity, depression symptoms, and Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) feature endorsement. RS was positively related to PTSD symptom severity at the trend level. Participants were then divided into a group of trauma-exposed individuals and control individuals. Independent samples t-tests were conducted to evaluate mean differences between groups in terms of …

Using Debriefing For Meaningful Learning To Foster Development Of Clinical Reasoning In Simulation, Kristina Dreifuerst

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Debriefing is critical to learning from simulation experiences, yet the literature reports little research describing best practices within nursing. Debriefing for Meaningful Learning (DML) is a systematic process for debriefing in which teachers and students explicate different aspects of reflection and generate new meanings from simulation experiences. The purpose of this exploratory, quasi-experimental, pretest–posttest study was to test the relationship of DML on the development of clinical reasoning skills in prelicensure nursing students when compared with customary debriefing strategies and on students’ perception of quality of the debriefing experience. Analysis of data demonstrated a greater change in clinical reasoning skills …

Directive Versus Supportive Approaches Used By Midwives When Providing Care During The Second Stage Of Labor, Kathryn Osborne

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Introduction: Although the risks associated with using sustained and forceful maternal bearing‐down efforts during the second stage of labor have been well documented, most women who give birth in the United States bear down in response to direction from care providers about when and how to push rather than in response to their own physiologic urges. The purpose of this study was to describe the practices used by certified nurse‐midwives/certified midwives (CNMs/CMs) in response to maternal bearing‐down efforts when caring for women in second‐stage labor and to identify factors associated with the use of supportive approaches to second‐stage labor care. …

Biological Measurement In Intervention Research, Donna O. Mccarthy

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

Stages Of Change In The Trajectory Of Postpartum Weight Self-Management, Jennifer M. Ohlendorf

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Objective

To identify women's patterns of readiness to engage in weight self-management behaviors during the postpartum period.

Design

Prospective, longitudinal design with repeated measures, guided by the transtheoretical model of behavior change (TTM).

Setting

A tertiary perinatal center in an urban setting in the midwestern United States with approximately 3,000 births annually.

Participants

One hundred ninety-one (191) adult postpartum women.

Methods

Participants were surveyed in person during their postpartum hospitalizations, and by telephone at 4 and 8 weeks postpartum using the Stages of Change for Weight Management (SOCWM) and the Decisional Balance for Weight Management (DBWM) tools.

Results

There …

Weight-Management Information Needs Of Postpartum Women, Jennifer M. Ohlendorf, Marianne E. Weiss, Polly Ryan

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Purpose: To describe the weight loss information-seeking behaviors of postpartum women.

Study Design and Methods: The study is part of a larger longitudinal descriptive study of factors associated with women's self-management of their gestational weight loss after birth. Participants answered questions about weight loss information they planned to access, had received, wished they had received, and desired sources of information. A total of 250 women were enrolled during the postpartum hospital stay; 179 completed a 4-month follow-up.

Results: A large portion of the sample (53.3% of normal weight women, 79% of overweight women, and 81.4% obese women) identified plans to …

Challenges In Conducting Research After Family Presence During Resuscitation, Jane S. Leske, Natalie S. Mcandrew, Crystal-Rae Waltons, Annette E. Garcia, Karen J. Brasel

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Family presence during resuscitation (FPDR) is an option occurring in clinical practice. National clinical guidelines on providing the option of FPDR are available from the American Association of Critical-Care Nurses, American Heart Association, Emergency Nurses Association, and Society of Critical Care Medicine. The FPDR option currently remains controversial, underutilized, and not the usual practice with trauma patients. This article is based on the methodological and practical research challenges associated with an ongoing study to examine the effects of the FPDR option on family outcomes in patients experiencing critical injury after motor vehicle crashes and gunshot wounds. The primary aim of …

Normal Weight Is Associated With Significant Reductions In Cardiovascular Risk For Adults, Even In Those Who Were Overweight Or Obese As Children, Commentary On "Childhood Adiposity, Adult Adiposity, And Cardiovascular Risk Factors", Marilyn Frenn

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

Understanding Stress In The Operating Room: A Step Toward Improving The Work Environment, Robert V. Topp, Jill Berger, Anthony Vowels

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Job-related stress is an important factor predicting staff satisfaction and position turnover among nursing staff, particularly in the operating room. The purpose of this study was to examine the perceived amount of stress elicited by events in the perioperative environment, the frequency of those events, and the impact of those events on the perceived stress of operating room nurses (ORNs) and operating room technologists (ORTs). The Survey on Stress in the OR instrument, which was used to query the subjects, exhibited high internal consistency of all items. The findings indicated that the ORNs and the ORTs exhibited remarkable similarities between …

Complexities In The Diagnosis And Treatment Of Thyroid Cancer: Discussions, Observations, Research And Public Policy, Hannah V. Gordon

CMC Senior Theses

The impact of the increasing incidence of thyroid cancer presents an interesting case study in public health policy and resource allocation. During the last three decades, thyroid cancer cases have increased by more than 400%. As an illness that affects the lives of hundreds of thousands each year, the human and economic costs will be magnified in the next decade. It is estimated that approximately 13-67% of people will have thyroid nodules during their life of which approximately 5% will be malignant. The standard treatment, a thyroidectomy frequently followed by radioactive 131 iodine treatment, accordingly would seem to be a …

A Proposal To Test The Effects Of Factor Ecat1 On Pluripotency, From Reprogramming To Differentiation Of Human Somatic Cells, Vritti R. Goel

CMC Senior Theses

The field of stem cell research has been growing more because of the interest in using stem cells to cure diseases and heal injuries. Human embryonic stem cells, because of the controversy surrounding them—and subsequently the difficulties in acquiring samples of the existing aging cell lines—can only be used in limited capacities. While the development of induced pluripotent stem cells in the last decade has allowed the field to progress closer to medical treatments, the low efficiency of reprogramming a somatic cell to a pluripotent state, and the vast molecular and genomic differences between human embryonic stem cells and human …

Nine Months, Esther Lim

Dissertations and Theses

This is a collection of short stories that traces a chronological movement through one family's experience of the mother's illness. Each piece in the collection is meant to be an independent, free-standing short story. Each story is different, told from distinctive points-of-view, angles, and voices. However, every story covers a span of time within the nine months of the family's experience, in the presented order, as part of a collective movement toward the core. All together, the pieces hope to reflect a mosaic of sorts--one that tells a story that cannot otherwise be told.

Risk Factors For Homelessness Among Community Mental Health Patients With Severe Mental Illness, Rupert Talmage Van Wormer

Dissertations and Theses

The purpose of this study was to identify risk factors associated with homelessness, assess the relationship between housing status and consumption of costly publicly funded resources, to identify characteristics associated with service retention, and to evaluate whether length of treatment is associated with better outcomes. The target population was homeless and formerly homeless adults with SMI enrolled in community mental health services at the Downtown Emergency Service Center SAGE mental health program located in Seattle. The sample consisted of 380 SAGE patients who had continuous enrollment in 2005. These patients formed the cohort for the study. Agency records for these …

Momentum 2012, Bryce Linden

Momentum

A journal of undergraduate research

Consent Requirements For Pelvic Examinations Performed For Training Purposes, Elaine Gibson, Jocelyn Downie

Articles, Book Chapters, & Popular Press

In 2010, The Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada (SOGC) and The Association of Professors of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of Canada (APOG) released an updated policy statement regarding pelvic examinations performed on women under anesthesia. The updated statement, unlike the previous 2006 guideline that applied to “medical trainees” (explicitly including students and residents), for the most part only applies to “medical students”. Pelvic examinations conducted for training purposes presumably constitute a battery in law, subject to the defence of consent. Residents need to be covered by an SOGC and APOG policy statement regarding pelvic examinations for training purposes with …

African American Grandparents Raising Their Grandchildren In Rural Areas: A Phenomenological Investigation In South Georgia, Emmanuel Nii Okai Clottey

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

Grandparents are increasingly raising their grandchildren in the United States of America. Those grandparents who live in rural areas face limited resources to help them raise their grandchildren. This phenomenological study is an investigation of the phenomenon of African American grandparents raising their grandchildren in Southeastern rural Georgia and the resources available to them. It looked at what it will take to start a faith-based or community-based support group for these Africa American grandparents raising their grandchildren in a rural setting. The concept of phenomenology served as the theoretical foundation for the study with social ecological model and social support …

Noncardiac Chest Pain: The Use Of High Resolution Manometry As A Diagnostic Tool, Iman Hilal

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Chest pain is one of the most common symptoms responsible for emergency department and primary care office visits in the United States. Chest pain can be noncardiac and may be attributed to multiple causes. Esophageal disorders including reflux, motility and functional conditions, affect a large proportion of patients with NCCP and lead to significant morbidity. The use of HRM has changed the diagnostic approach to esophageal motility disorders. It is the most specific and sensitive test for diagnosing motor disorders and a promising procedure in detecting dysmotility disorders in patients with NCCP. Despite the increased sensitivity of HRM, the main …

The Role Of Local Food In Increasing Access To Healthy Food In Indianapolis, Indiana, Anna Hostetter

Capstone Collection

In the United States today, incidents of obesity are on the rise, currently more than one-third, or 35.7% of U.S. adults are considered obese, up from 30.5% in 2000. These startling numbers are causing news institutions and politicians to refer to it as the “obesity epidemic”.

Obesity is linked to multiple health problems including Type 2 diabetes, coronary heart disease, hypertension, and breast cancer (Aronne, L.J., 2002). There are numerous causes of obesity, including genetics, yet high rates of obesity have also been positively linked with a diet high in processed foods and low in fruits and vegetables (Drewnowski, A. …

Program And Proceedings: Nebraska Academy Of Sciences 1880–2012, 132nd Anniversary Year, One Hundred-Twenty-Second Annual Meeting

Nebraska Academy of Sciences: Programs and Proceedings

Program

Applied Science and Technology

Biological and Medical Sciences

Nebraska Wesleyan University Health and Sciences Graduate School Fair

Aeronautics and Space Science, Poster Session

Maiben Memorial Lecture: "The Status of Nebraska's Native Aspen," "Buffalo" Bruce McIntosh, Western Nebraska Resources Council

Aeronautics

Anthropology

Biological and Medical Sciences

Chemistry and Physics

Collegiate Academy: Biology

Collegiate Academy: Chemistry and Physics

Earth Science

History/Philosophy of Science

Junior Academy, Senior High Competition

Teaching of Science and Math

Junior Academy, Junior High Competition

American Society Of Interventional Pain Physicians (Asipp) Guidelines For Responsible Opioid Prescribing In Chronic Non-Cancer Pain: Part I--Evidence Assessment., Laxmaiah Manchikanti, Salahadin Abdi, Sairam Atluri, Carl C. Balog, Ramsin M. Benyamin, Mark V. Boswell, Keith R. Brown, Brian M. Bruel, David A. Bryce, Patricia A. Burks, Allen W. Burton, Aaron K. Calodney, David L. Caraway, Kimberly A. Cash, Paul J. Christo, Kim S. Damron, Sukdeb Datta, Timothy R. Deer, Sudhir Diwan, Ike Eriator, Frank J.E. Falco, Bert Fellows, Stephanie Geffert, Christopher G. Gharibo, Scott E. Glaser, Jay S. Grider, Haroon Hameed, Mariam Hameed, Hans Hansen, Michael E. Harned, Salim M. Hayek, Adam M. Kaye

School of Pharmacy Faculty Articles

Opioid abuse has continued to increase at an alarming rate since the 1990 s. As documented by different medical specialties, medical boards, advocacy groups, and the Drug Enforcement Administration, available evidence suggests a wide variance in chronic opioid therapy of 90 days or longer in chronic non-cancer pain. Part 1 describes evidence assessment. The objectives of opioid guidelines as issued by the American Society of Interventional Pain Physicians (ASIPP) are to provide guidance for the use of opioids for the treatment of chronic non-cancer pain, to produce consistency in the application of an opioid philosophy among the many diverse groups …

Application Of Default Rules To Address Financial Conflicts Of Interest In Academic Medical Centers, Joanna K. Sax

Faculty Scholarship

A recent report issued from the Institute of Medicine contains an extensive analysis of financial conflicts of interest (FCOIs) in biomedical science. In brief, an FCOI exists when a profit-seeking motive either unduly influences or appears to influence an academic scientist’s primary obligations. The cornerstone of current policy to address FCOIs at academic medical centers (AMCs) is disclosure; however, disclosure does not appear to appropriately regulate, manage, or eliminate FCOIs.

Although the relationships between intramural scientists and industry and extramural scientists and industry may be structurally different, they both can lead to FCOIs that threaten scientific integrity. Overall, the NIH …

Financial Conflicts Of Interest In Science, Joanna K. Sax

Faculty Scholarship

This article proposes that an analysis of behavior may be utilized to create an effective policy addressing financial conflicts of interest. Importantly, this article focuses on the academics that conduct basic science.

An understanding of the background of the public-private interaction is critical to fully appreciate the rise of the financial conflicts of interest in biomedical science. Part II of this Article describes the rise of financial conflicts of interest and the types of harms that can occur in the absence of effective policy to regulate financial conflicts of interest.

Part III describes the current system addressing conflicts of interest, …

How Fundamental Are Fundamental Movement Skills?, Beth P. Hands

Health Sciences Papers and Journal Articles

If you take the time to observe children playing in a playground you will notice some whose movements are fluid and graceful, who clearly experience the joy of successful movement and feel confident in their actions. Look further and you may notice some less confident children who may be hovering on the sidelines, causing fights with their peers, sitting quietly by themselves on the verandah or even hidden away in the library reading a book. These children find participation in playground games and many other physical activities challenging, tiring and even embarrassing. They are worried they will miss a ball …

Associations Between Anxious-Depressed Symptoms And Cardiovascular Risk Factors In A Longitudinal Childhood Study, Sandra Louise, Nicole Warrington, Pamela Mccuskie, Wendy Oddy, Stephen Zubrick, Beth P. Hands, Trevor Mori, Laurent Briollais, Sven Silburn, Lyle Palmer, Eugene Mattes, Lawrence Beilin

Health Sciences Papers and Journal Articles

Objective.To examine the influence of anxious/depressed scores on cardiovascular risk factors throughout childhood.

Methods. Data from the Western Australian Pregnancy Cohort (Raine) Study, a study of 2900 pregnancies recruited between 1989 and 1991, were used. Anxious-depressed scores (derived from the Childhood Behavior Checklist), body mass index (BMI) and blood pressure were measured at 5 (n=1681), 8 (n=1697), 10 (n=1575) and 14 (n=1386) years. At age 14 depressive symptom scores (Beck Depression Inventory for Youth), anxious-depressed scores (Youth Self-Report (YSR) and Teacher Report Form (TRF)) and fasting lipid, glucose and insulin were also available. Cross sectional and longitudinal analyses were conducted. …

Oral Contraceptive Use In Girls And Alcohol Consumption In Boys Are Associated With Increased Blood Pressure In Late Adolescence, Chi Le-Ha, Lawrence Beilin, Sally Burrows, Rae-Chi Huang, Wendy Oddy, Beth P. Hands, Trevor Mori

Health Sciences Papers and Journal Articles

Aims: Lifestyle behaviours established during adolescence may adversely affect blood pressure (BP) and contribute to gender differences in cardiovascular risk in adulthood. We aimed to assess the association of health behaviours with BP in adolescents, using data from the Western Australian Pregnancy (Raine) Study.

Methods: Cross-sectional analysis on 1248 Raine Study adolescents aged 17 years, to examine associations between lifestyle factors and BP.

Results: Boys had 8.97 mmHg higher systolic BP, as compared with girls. The 30% of girls using oral contraceptives (OC) had 3.27 and 1.74 mmHg higher systolic and diastolic BP, respectively, compared with non-users. Alcohol consumption in …

The Role Of Ubiquitin Ligases In The Control Of Organ Specific Autoimmunity, Gerard F. Hoyne

Health Sciences Papers and Journal Articles

Diabetes mellitus is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia caused by a deficiency in insulin action, insulin secretion or both. Type 1 diabetes is classified as the destruction of beta cells leading to a deficiency in insulin production. Type1 diabetes accounts for 5-10% of patients with diabetes and most commonly is caused by the autoimmune destruction of the beta cells in the pancreas. The adaptive immune system is composed of antigen specific T and B lymphocytes which play a central role in protecting the human body from infectious pathogens but occasionally autoreactive T and B cells can escape immune tolerance, become activated …

Adapted Stories: Creating Accessible Stories For Children With Complex Language Problems, Janet L. Dodd

Communication Sciences and Disorders Faculty Articles and Research

Many children with autism spectrum and other language impairing disorders present with complicated language problems (CLP; Franke & Durbin, 2011). These children exhibit delays across multiple domains of language and often benefit from narrative- and story-based interventions. However, many children’s stories—the vehicle often employed for these types of interventions—are often too complex for them. The purpose of this article is to introduce a strategy for making stories accessible, linguistically and cognitively, for children with CLP.

Barriers To Timely Administration Of Thrombolytics In Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients, Elizabeth Joseph

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Stroke is a leading cause of long term disability in the United States. The therapeutic benefits of intravenous thrombolytics is time dependent in an acute ischemic stroke patient and is an important determinant of 90 day and one year functional outcomes. This study investigated areas in the stroke alert process of a community based primary stroke care center that resulted in the delay of administration of thrombolytics within 60 minutes of an acute ischemic stroke patient's arrival to the emergency room. A retrospective descriptive design was utilized and chart reviews were done on 40 patients that received thrombolytics in the …

Predictors Of Immunosuppressant Adherence In Long-Term Renal Transplant Recipients, Sandra J. Galura

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

To sustain the health and viability of renal transplants, adherence to immunosuppressant therapy (IST) medications is critical. Studies continue to identify decreased adherence rates as time from transplant increases (Chisholm-Burns, Kwong, Mulloy & Spivey, 2008; Chisholm, Lance, Mulloy, 2005; Chisholm, Mulloy, & DiPiro, 2005; Nivens & Thomas, 2009). While previous research has explored the effect of variables known to influence IST adherence in adult renal transplant recipients, limited studies have explored these variables in a population of renal transplant recipients with longer time posttransplant intervals. The purpose of this study was to examine demographic variables, time posttransplant, immunosuppressive agents, health …