Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

The Face Of Cancer In Montgomery County Ohio: A Look At The Population At Risk, Chika E. Okere

Master of Public Health Program Student Publications

The purpose of this study was to identify the population in Montgomery County Ohio who are at the greatest risk for cancer based on age, sex, and race/ethnicity, family history and demographics. The research will also look at modifiable behaviors such as use of tobacco products, physical inactivity, obesity, poor nutrition and heavy drinking of alcohol that increase the risk and identify areas of improvement in data collection for reporting purposes. During 1996-2006, cancer was the second-leading cause of death for residents of Montgomery County.

Methods: Age, sex, race/ethnicity of people in Montgomery County with cancer were examined and using …

Role And Effectiveness Of Community Health Workers Among Underserved Us Populations, Hibo H. Noor

Master of Public Health Program Student Publications

The role of the Community Health Workers (CHWs) in the health care system has great value both domestically and internationally. CHWs have training in healthcare; they are members of the community in which they serve. They have in depth understanding of the barriers to health care the community faces; they can speak the same language, and can promote and improve health status, quality of care and assist managing chronic disease. This paper focuses on the role and documented effectiveness of CHWs in terms of quality, health care services, cost health services, as well as health behaviors and knowledge about the …

Integration Of Premature Infants Into Family Life, Karen Herzing, Rosalie Mainous Phd.

Explorations – The Journal of Undergraduate Research, Scholarship and Creativity at Wright State

Purpose: To analyze family interactions in the present day of families whose babies were preterm and to determine where possible parental knowledge deficits exist on infant care after hospital discharge in order to develop appropriate nursing interventions.

Background: Many studies reflect that parents who experience prolonged separation from their infant must overcome several obstacles to achieve bonding and attachment. Studies that follow preterm infants also show incidences of poor growth, lower intelligence, rejection of the child by parents, and even at times child abuse. According to the Health Department, almost 900 babies, or 12% of total births, are born …

Generating Forensic Dna Profiles, Dan E. Krane

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Statistical Weights Of Single Source Dna Profiles, Dan E. Krane

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

The Role Of Misoprostol In The Reduction Of Maternal Deaths In Low Resource Settings: A Systematic Review With Recommendations For Action, Melissa Anne Mcmillian

Master of Public Health Program Student Publications

Objective: The purpose of this systematic review is to determine the role misoprostol currently plays in the reduction of maternal deaths and implications for the future reduction of maternal deaths in low resource settings.

Methods: A comprehensive review of the literature was performed using the following databases: The Cochrane Database, Ebsco, MEDLINE, PubMed, and Electronic Journal Center (EJC). Articles were excluded based upon date published, overt data changes since publication, and setting of misoprostol interventions in tertiary or referral centers that have access to oxytocin. A total of 61 articles were included from 2002-2012 and demonstrated several methodologies and study …

Flight Physician - December, 2012, Civil Aviation Medical Association

Browse all Civil Aviation Medical Association Newsletters

A sixteen page newsletter of the Civil Aviation Medical Association. The newsletter provided news about civil aviation medicine and information related to the organization.

The Dental Safety Net In Montgomery County: A Status Report, Sequoia Y. Butcher

Master of Public Health Program Student Publications

Background: Adult oral health has been identified as a major public health problem by the United States Surgeon General. A substantial number of adults between the ages of 20 and 64 have untreated tooth decay. There are limited treatment options for adults without dental insurance. Low-income adults must turn to free/low cost clinics, or private dentists that accept Medicaid to receive dental care. However, these resources are often limited. When the resources are not available these adults are left to deal with untreated tooth decay which can lead to worsening conditions and other health issues.

Methods: Eleven key-informant interviews were …

Situation Analysis Of Somalia’S 2011 Famine, Ahmed Mohamed Askar

Master of Public Health Program Student Publications

This CE examined the contributing factors of famine in Somalia and developed a situation analysis of Somalia’s 2011 famine. The situational analysis was developed using health and famine indicators. Data from geographic information system (GIS) was also used to supplement analysis to look for trends and patterns of the famine. I predicted that conflict was the leading factor in Somalia’s 2011 famine. I concluded that conflict exacerbated the famine situation in the south of Somalia but in the north (Somaliland) famine was due to climate and lack of permanent rivers and water sources.

What Can Go Wrong With Dna Profiling, Dan E. Krane

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Observer Effects In Dna Profiling, Dan E. Krane

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Artifacts And Noise In Dna Profiling, Dan E. Krane

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Implications Of Database Searches For Dna Profiling Statistics, Dan E. Krane

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Statistical Weights Of Mixed Dna Profiles, Dan E. Krane

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Presentation recording from December 2012 can be found at http://youtu.be/daRBTopFA1A.

Part of the Forensic DNA Profiling Video Series.

Dna Technology In Court, Dan E. Krane

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Transfusion Of Cxcr4-Primed Endothelial Progenitor Cells Reduces Cerebral Ischemic Damage And Promotes Repair In Db/Db Diabetic Mice, Ji Chen, Jianying Chen, Shuzhen Chen, Cheng Zhang, Liangqing Zhang, Xiang Xiao, Avik Das, Yuhui Zhao, Bin Yuan, Mariana Morris, Bin Zhao, Yanfang Chen

Pharmacology and Toxicology Faculty Publications

This study investigated the role of stromal cell-derived factor-1α (SDF-1α)/CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) axis in brain and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), and explored the efficacy of CXCR4 primed EPCs in treating ischemic stroke in diabetes. The db/db diabetic and db/+ mice were used in this study. Levels of plasma SDF-1α and circulating CD34+CXCR4+ cells were measured. Brain SDF-1α and CXCR4 expression were quantified at basal and after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). In in vitro study, EPCs were transfected with adenovirus carrying null (Ad-null) or CXCR4 (Ad-CXCR4) followed with high glucose (HG) treatment for 4 days. For pathway block …

Primary Care Survival Skills In An Age Of Reform, Therese M. Zink, Peter Harper, Nancy Arnston, Jean Jansen

Family Medicine Faculty Publications

The Triple Aim - improved outcomes/quality of care, improved patient experience, and reduced cost - is driving health care reform in Minnesota and nationally. Minnesota is among those states moving quickly to new payment models that reward practices for meeting these three goals and is gradually reducing payments based only on increased volume of services. Primary care is growing into a new leadership role to meet these new demands while managing the reality that full funding for population based care is developing more slowly than the rhetoric. There are many encouraging signs, including an expanding interest in primary care medical …

The Cutting Edge Fall 2012, Wright State University Department Of Surgery

The Cutting Edge Newsletter

An eight page newsletter created by the Department of Surgery documenting current affairs of the department. This issue highlights the arrival of two new faculty members, upcoming special lectures, alumni news, and more.

A Descriptive Study Of Childhood Cancer Statistics: Montgomery County, Jamie L. Hartig

Master of Public Health Program Student Publications

Objective: This research describes childhood cancer and identifies variances in childhood cancer statistics in the United States, Ohio, and Montgomery County.

Methods: This is a descriptive analysis of childhood cancer statistics using the Ohio Cancer Incidence Surveillance System (OCISS) (Ohio Department of Health, 2010) and CDC Wonder database (United States Department of Health and Human Services [USDHHS], Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], & National Cancer Institute [NCI], 2008 & 2011.) Cancer incidences between white children and black children were compared for the years 1999-2009. The OCISS database was also used to compare vital status by race, cancer stage …

Epidemiology Of Tuberculosis In Ohio, Usha Bala Vayuvegula

Master of Public Health Program Student Publications

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a global infectious disease often associated with HIV. Study of the distribution and epidemiologic trends may help target prevention and control measures towards high risk areas and groups.

Objective: To determine TB trends in four counties in Ohio, i.e. Franklin, Cuyahoga, Hamilton and Montgomery counties, and to explore differences in distribution of cases across gender, age groups and races.

Methods: TB surveillance data was collected from the Ohio Department of Health website for 12 years (1999-2011). Mean TB rates across gender were compared using the two sample t-test. One way ANOVA was used to compare means …

Infliximab Dose Rounding Pratices In Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Kelly C. Sandberg, Benjamin H. Shpeen, Sally J. Eder, Muhammad Dhanani, Sarah J. Clark, Gary L. Freed, Jeremy Adler

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

Infliximab (IFX) is commonly used to treat Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). IFX is supplied in 100mg vials and remains expensive. Dosing usually starts at 5mg/kg, and is commonly rounded up or down. The scope of dosing practices is unknown. Under-dosing may place patients at risk for exacerbation of IBD. Over-treatment potentially carries increased risk of infectious and malignant complications. We aimed to characterize IFX dosing practices among pediatric IBD practitioners participating in the ImproveCareNow Network.

Human Endometrial Stromal Stem Cells Differentiate Into Megakaryocytes With The Ability To Produce Functional Platelets, Jinju Wang, Shuzhen Chen, Cheng Zhang, Samantha Stegeman, Teresa Pfaff-Amesse, Ying Zhang, Wenfeng Zhang, Lawrence Amesse, Yanfang Chen

Pharmacology and Toxicology Faculty Publications

Human endometrium is a high dynamic tissue that contains endometrial stromal stem cells (hESSCs). The hESSCs have been differentiated into a number of cell lineages. However, differentiation of hESSCs into megakaryocytes (MKs) has not yet been investigated. The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of MK generation from hESSCs and subsequent production of functional platelets (PLTs). In our study, hESSCs were cultured from endometrial stromal cells as confirmed by positive stromal cell specific markers (CD90 and CD29) and negative hematopoietic stem cell markers (CD45 and CD34) expression. Then, hESSCs were differentiated in a medium supplemented with thrombopoietin …

Are Maternal Child Health Outcomes Affected By Adequacy Of Prenatal Care In Montgomery County, Oh?, Amy Rouse

Master of Public Health Program Student Publications

Background: Prenatal Care has been recommended by the World Health Organization for all pregnant women in order to improve health outcomes of the mother and the child. However, recommendations for the number of visits required to provide adequate health care and improve outcomes continue to be debated. Understanding if adequate prenatal care is improving maternal child outcomes is essential before making these recommendations. This research aims to determine if in Montgomery County, OH the adequacy of prenatal care influenced gestational age at birth, birth weight, breastfeeding rate, rate of cesarean sections, and smoking cessation rates.

Methods: De-indentified birth data was …

Gray, Bobbe Interview For The Miami Valley College Of Nursing And Health Oral History Project, Donna M. Curry, Natasha Clinton, Bobbe Gray

Wright State University - Miami Valley College of Nursing and Health Oral History Project

Donna Miles Curry and Natasha Clinton interviewed Bobbe Gray about the history of the Doctor of Nursing Practice program at Wright State University. In the interview Dr. Gray recalls her education and experiences in addition to the history of the DNP program.

Food Deserts And Their Association With Obesity And Diabetes In Ohio, Alexis Holmes, Detra Thompson

Master of Public Health Program Student Publications

Objective- The purpose of this study was to explore the association of food access, and availability, on prevalence of diabetes and obesity in Ohio census tracts designated as food deserts.

Methods- County and census tract-level data were combined from the USDA Food Environment Atlas and USDA Food Desert Locator respectively. Statistical analysis was conducted using IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Non-normally distributed variables were assessed using the Mann-Whitney nonparametric U-test and Spearman’s correlation coefficient. Significance was considered at the p

Results- The mean rate of obesity and diabetes in Ohio in food deserts are 29.5% and 10.7%, when …

Antioxidant Rescue Of Nf1/Ras-Induced Myelin And Vasculature Dysfunction, Debra A. Mayes, Tilat A. Rizvi, Shyra J. Miller, Rachel Oberst, Anat Stemmer-Rachamimov, Nancy Ratner

Neuroscience, Cell Biology & Physiology Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Foodborne Illness Outbreak Response: A Snapshot Of Ohio, Calen Wherry

Master of Public Health Program Student Publications

Biosurveillance is one of the primary roles of local Public health offices. As the all-hazards (biological, chemical, and radiation emergencies) approach adds to the responsibilities already performed in foodborne illness outbreak response, it is crucial to assess the capabilities and robustness of the local public health Foodborne Illness (FBI) response. By surveying the most populated counties in Ohio with a checklist based on the 2009 Council for Improvement of Foodborne Outbreak Response (CIFOR) guidelines, it was possible to obtain a snapshot of the current outbreak response capabilities. Though only one county reported 100% compliance with the checklist, the overall average …

Exploring The Barriers And Opportunities For Building Social Support Among Burundians And Americans: Dayton, Oh, Colleen Quinlan Saxen

Master of Public Health Program Student Publications

No abstract provided.

Molecular Genetic Studies And Delineation Of The Oculocutaneous Albinism Phenotype In The Pakistani Population, Thomas J. Jaworek, Tasleem Kausar, Shannon M. Bell, Nabeela Tariq, Muhammad I. Maqsood, Asma Sohail, Muhammad Ali, Furhan Iqbal, Shafqat Rasool, Saima Riazuddin, Rehan S. Shaikh, Zubair M. Ahmed

Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty Publications

Background: Oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) is caused by a group of genetically heterogeneous inherited defects that result in the loss of pigmentation in the eyes, skin and hair. Mutations in the TYR, OCA2, TYRP1 and SLC45A2 genes have been shown to cause isolated OCA. No comprehensive analysis has been conducted to study the spectrum of OCA alleles prevailing in Pakistani albino populations.

Methods: We enrolled 40 large Pakistani families and screened them for OCA genes and a candidate gene, SLC24A5. Protein function effects were evaluated using in silico prediction algorithms and ex vivo studies in human melanocytes. The effects of splice-site …

Vital Signs, Summer 2012, Boonshoft School Of Medicine

Vital Signs

A forty-eight page newsletter created by the Boonshoft School of Medicine to document the current affairs of the school. This issue includes a variety of feature articles, a research spotlight, alumni notes, and more.