Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Pacemaker Patients' Perception Of Unsafe Activities: A Survey, Masooma Aqeel, Azam Shafquat, Nawal Salahuddin

Section of Cardiology

Background: Cardiac pacing is a recognized and widely used treatment for Patients presenting with bradycardia. Physicians expect Patients to return to normal activities almost immediately post implantation. However, Patients themselves may perceive interference to pacemaker function by various routine activities and devices, and hence continue to lead restricted, disabled lives. The aim of this study is to determine if routine activities are perceived by pacemaker Patients to interfere with their device function. Methods: A descriptive cross sectional survey was carried out on consecutive Patients at the pacemaker clinic at a public hospital in Karachi, Pakistan. A 47-question tool was developed …

Improving Outcomes In Infants Of Hiv-Infected Women In A Developing Country Setting, Francine Noel, Sapna Mehta, Yuwei Zhu, Patricia De Matteis Rouzier, Abdias Marcelin, Jian R. Shi, Claudine Nolte, Linda Severe, Marie Marcelle Deschamps, Daniel W. Fitzgerald, Warren D. Johnson, Peter F. Wright, Jean W. Pape

Dartmouth Scholarship

Background: Since 1999 GHESKIO, a large voluntary counseling and HIV testing center in Port-au-Prince, Haiti, has had an ongoing collaboration with the Haitian Ministry of Health to reduce the rate of mother to child HIV transmission. There are limited data on the ability to administer complex regimens for reducing mother to child transmission and on risk factors for continued transmission and infant mortality within programmatic settings in developing countries.

Methods and Findings: We analyzed data from 551 infants born to HIV-infected mothers seen at GHESKIO, between 1999 and 2005. HIV-infected mothers and their infants were given “short-course” monotherapy with antiretrovirals …

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa-Candida Albicans Interactions: Localization And Fungal Toxicity Of A Phenazine Derivative, Jane Gibson, Arpanah Sood, Deborah A. Hogan

Dartmouth Scholarship

Phenazines are redox-active small molecules that play significant roles in the interactions between pseudomonads and diverse eukaryotes, including fungi. When Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans were cocultured on solid medium, a red pigmentation developed that was dependent on P. aeruginosa phenazine biosynthetic genes. Through a genetic screen in combination with biochemical experiments, it was found that a P. aeruginosa-produced precursor to pyocyanin, proposed to be 5-methyl-phenazinium-1-carboxylate (5MPCA), was necessary for the formation of the red pigmentation. The 5MPCA-derived pigment was found to accumulate exclusively within fungal cells, where it retained the ability to be reversibly oxidized and reduced, and its …

Inaugural Conference Of The Mosakowski Institute For Public Enterprise- Program, Jim Gomes

Mosakowski Institute for Public Enterprise

Program for University Research and the American Agenda: Discovering Knowledge, Enabling Leadership. The Inaugural Conference of the Mosakowski Institute for Public Enterprise.

Molecular Characterisation Of A Bovine-Like Rotavirus Detected From A Giraffe, Emily Mulherin, Jill Bryan, Marijke Beltman, Luke O'Grady, Eugene Pidgeon, Lucie Garon, Andrew Lloyd, John Bainbridge, Helen O'Shea, Paul Whyte, Séamus Fanning

Department of Biological Sciences Publications

Background

Rotavirus (RV), is a member of the Reoviridae family and an important etiological agent of acute viral gastroenteritis in the young. Rotaviruses have a wide host range infecting a broad range of animal species, however little is known about rotavirus infection in exotic animals. In this paper we report the first characterisation of a RV strain from a giraffe calf.

Results

This report describes the identification and detailed molecular characterisation of a rotavirus strain detected from a 14-day-old Giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis), presenting with acute diarrhea. The RV strain detected from the giraffe was characterized molecularly as G10P[11]. …

Mrsa Usa300 Clone And Vref--A Us-Colombian Connection?, Cesar A Arias, Sandra Rincon, Shahreen Chowdhury, Ernesto Martínez, Wilfrido Coronell, Jinnethe Reyes, Sreedhar R Nallapareddy, Barbara E Murray

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

Transcriptome Analysis Identifies Novel Responses And Potential Regulatory Genes Involved In Seasonal Dormancy Transitions Of Leafy Spurge (Euphorbia Esula L.), David P. Horvath, Wun S. Chao, Jeffrey C. Suttle, Jyothi Thimmapuram, James V. Anderson

Cyber Center Publications

Dormancy of buds is a critical developmental process that allows perennial plants to survive extreme seasonal variations in climate. Dormancy transitions in underground crown buds of the model herbaceous perennial weed leafy spurge were investigated using a 23 K element cDNA microarray. These data represent the first large-scale transcriptome analysis of dormancy in underground buds of an herbaceous perennial species. Crown buds collected monthly from August through December, over a five year period, were used to monitor the changes in the transcriptome during dormancy transitions.

Klimowicz, Teresa Dolores (Fa 352), Manuscripts & Folklife Archives

Folklife Archives Finding Aids

Finding aid and full-text scan of paper (Click on “Additional Files” below) for Folklife Archives Project 352. Paper: "[Aerobics Class]" written by Teresa Dolores Klimowicz for a Western Kentucky University folk studies class.

Comparing Sexual-Minority And Heterosexual Young Women’S Friends And Parents As Sources Of Support For Sexual Issues, Elizabeth M. Morgan, Carly K. Friedman

Psychological Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

The present study provides a comparative analysis of sexual-minority and heterosexual emerging adult women’s experiences seeking support for sexual issues from parents and friends. Participants included 229 college women (88 sexual-minority women; 141 heterosexual women), ranging in age from 18 to 25 years of age, who provided written responses to an inquiry about a time they went to friends and parents for support for a issue related to their sexuality. Responses indicated that the majority of participants had sought support from either a parent or a friend and that mothers and female friends were more likely involved that fathers or …

Prevalence And Factors Associated With Intestinal Parasitic Infection Among Children In An Urban Slum Of Karachi., Vikram Mehraj, Juanita Hatcher, Saeed Akhtar, Ghazala Rafique, Mohammad Asim Beg

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Background:Intestinal parasitic infections are endemic worldwide and have been described as constituting the greatest single worldwide cause of illness and disease. Poverty, illiteracy, poor hygiene, lack of access to potable water and hot and humid tropical climate are the factors associated with intestinal parasitic infections. The study aimed to estimate prevalence and identify factors associated with intestinal parasitic infections among 1 to 5 years old children residing in an urban slum of Karachi Pakistan. Methods And Principal
Findings:A cross sectional survey was conducted from February to June 2006 in Ghosia Colony Gulshan Town Karachi, Pakistan. A simple random …

Predictors Of Gastrointestinal Lesions On Endoscopy In Iron Deficiency Anemia Without Gastrointestinal Symptoms, Shahid Majid, Mohammad Salih, Rozina Wasaya, Wasim Jafri

Section of Gastroenterology

Background:Iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) due to occult gastrointestinal (GI) blood loss usually remains unnoticed until Patient become symptomatic. There is sparse data in IDA Patients without gastrointestinal symptoms. This study was designed to find out the frequency and predictors of endoscopic lesions in IDA without gastrointestinal symptoms. Cross-sectional study performed on a convenience sample of consecutive subjects.

Methods: Ninety five consecutive Patients with laboratory based diagnosis of IDA having no gastrointestinal symptoms were interviewed and their clinical and biochemical variables were recorded. All the study Patients underwent esophago-gastroduodenoscopy (EGD) and colonoscopy. Endoscopic findings were documented as presence/absence of bleeding …

Differential Gene Expression Associated With Postnatal Equine Articular Cartilage Maturation, Michael J. Mienaltowski, Liping Huang, Arnold J. Stromberg, James N. Macleod

Veterinary Science Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Articular cartilage undergoes an important maturation process from neonate to adult that is reflected by alterations in matrix protein organization and increased heterogeneity of chondrocyte morphology. In the horse, these changes are influenced by exercise during the first five months of postnatal life. Transcriptional profiling was used to evaluate changes in articular chondrocyte gene expression during postnatal growth and development.

METHODS: Total RNA was isolated from the articular cartilage of neonatal (0-10 days) and adult (4-5 years) horses, subjected to one round of linear RNA amplification, and then applied to a 9,367-element equine-specific cDNA microarray. Comparisons were made with …

Crystallization And Structure Of A Plant Peptide Deformylase, Robert L. Houtz, David W. Rodgers, Lynnette M. A. Dirk, Mark A. Williams

Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry Faculty Patents

This invention relates to the crystal structure of a plant peptide deformylase polypeptide and methods of using the structure to design compounds that modulate the activity of the polypeptide.

Ada News - 11/03/2008, American Dental Association, Publishing Division

ADA News

Established in 1970 as the official newspaper of the American Dental Association, the ADA News serves practicing dentists and others allied to the dental profession in the U.S. and internationally. It is the No. 1 source of news and information about the many benefits and services the ADA delivers to members daily as well as timely information on scientific, social, political and economic developments affecting dentistry and health care.

Primary Care Physician Supply, Physician Compensation, And Medicare Fees: What Is The Connection?, Laura A. Dummit

National Health Policy Forum

Primary care, a cornerstone of several health reform efforts, is believed by many to be in a crisis because of inadequate supply to meet future demand. This belief has focused attention on the adequacy of primary care physician supply and ways to boost access to primary care. One suggested approach is to raise Medicare fees for primary care services. Whether higher Medicare fees would increase physician interest in primary care specialties by reducing compensation disparities between primary care and other specialties has not been established. Further, many questions remain about the assumptions underlying these policy concerns. Is there really a …

Selective Non-Peptide Mu-Opioid Receptor Antagonist: Design, Synthesis And Biological Studies, Lindsey Aschenbach

Theses and Dissertations

There are currently many opioid agonists available for clinical use as analgesics. However, many of these opioid agonists have notorious side effects including respiratory depression and may lead to addiction and dependence. Problems associated with these opioid agonists are determined to come from their interactions with the mu-opioid receptor. Opioid antagonists, such as naltrexone, have shown to aid in the treatment of opioid addiction. Although naltrexone has high affinity to the mu-opioid receptor, it lacks selectivity. Novel selective mu-opioid receptor antagonists were designed based on the identification of important pharmacophore elements in several known mu-opioid receptor agonists and antagonists. These …

Integrative Health Studies Newsletter, Ciis

Integrative Health Studies Newsletter

This is the November 2008 issue of the Integrative Health Studies Newsletter at CIIS.

Cost Of Lifetime Immunosuppression Coverage For Kidney Transplant Recipients., Timothy F. Page, Robert Woodward

Health Management & Policy

On January 1, 2000, Medicare extended the coverage of immunosuppression medications from 3 years to life for elderly and disabled kidney transplant recipients. This research estimates the impact of extending this lifetime coverage to all kidney transplant recipients on Medicare's cash flows. The study finds that extending coverage to all kidney transplant recipients would have increased Medicare's net cash outflows if the coverage were extended for patients of all income levels. There is evidence that extending coverage to only patients in the lowest income quartile could have resulted in a net cost savings to Medicare.

Medical Education Digest, Vol. 10 No. 6 (November/December 2008), Nova Southeastern University

Medical Education Digest

No abstract provided.

Information Interface - Volume 36, Issue 4 - November/December 2008, George Washington University, Himmelfarb Health Sciences Library

Information Interface (1976 - 2009)

News and information about Himmelfarb Health Sciences Library of interest to users.

Computerized Visually Presented Story Recall Tasks: Effects On Performance In Dementia, Nidhi Mahendra, Nisha Engineer, Susan Carroll

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Neuroendocrine Peptides Neuropeptide-Y (Npy) And Peptide-Yy (Pyy) Suppress Cl- Secretion And K+ Secretion In Guinea Pig Distal Colon Through Action At Y2-Receptors, Susan T. Halm, Jin Zhang, Dan R. Halm

Neuroscience, Cell Biology & Physiology Faculty Publications

Electrogenic Cl^– and K⁺ secretion in isolated mucosa from guinea pig distal colon measured as short-circuit current (I_sc) and transepithelial conductance (G_t) were stimulated by epinephrine (epi), prostaglandin-E₂ (PGE₂) and carbachol (CCh). neuropeptide-Y (NPY) and peptide-YY (PYY) inhibited by 60% Cl^– secretion activated by either PGE₂ or PGE₂+CCh with EC₅₀’s of 16nM and 6nM, respectively. Neither peptide markedly inhibited the transient component of the PGE₂+CCh response. Immunoreactivity (IR) for NPY was present in enteric ganglia and in proximity with crypts. Basolateral membranes of …

Behavioural Analysis Of A Nociceptive Event In Fish: Comparisons Between Three Species Demonstrate Specific Responses, Siobhan C. Reilly, John P. Quinn, Andrew R. Cossins, Lynne U. Sneddon

Sentience Collection

Nociception is the sensory mechanism by which potentially harmful stimuli are detected in animals and humans. The behavioural responses to noxious stimulation have been studied in two fish species thus far. However, since species-specific differences are seen in mammals, more species need to be examined to determine whether nociceptive responses are generic in fish. The present study investigated the behavioural and respiratory response to an acute noxious or potentially painful stimulus in common carp (Cyprinus carpio), zebrafish (Danio rerio) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Behavioural parameters such as frequency of swimming, use of cover and any anomalous behaviour were measured …

Testing Educational Strategies For Shaken Baby Syndrome, Todd W. Gress, Mary Bailey, Donna Bolden, Lisa Pfitzer

Internal Medicine

Shaken Baby Syndrome (SBS) occurs from the violent shaking of an infant, which may lead to brain damage or death. The goal of this study was to assess educational methods used to teach new mothers about SBS.

Evaluating Online Health Information: Beyond Readability Formulas, Gondy Leroy, Stephen Helmreich, James Cowie, Trudi Miller '08, Wei Zheng '08

CGU Faculty Publications and Research

Although understanding health information is important, the texts provided are often difficult to understand. There are formulas to measure readability levels, but there is little understanding of how linguistic structures contribute to these difficulties. We are developing a toolkit of linguistic metrics that are validated with representative users and can be measured automatically. In this study, we provide an overview of our corpus and how readability differs by topic and source. We compare two documents for three groups of linguistic metrics. We report on a user study evaluating one of the differentiating metrics: the percentage of function words in a …

Critical Care Nurse Personality And Methods Of Coping After A Critical Incident, Sandra Huggins

Graduate Research Projects

No abstract provided.

Referral In The Wake Of Conscientious Objection To Abortion, Carolyn Mcleod

Philosophy Publications

Currently, the preferred accommodation for conscientious objection to abortion in medicine is to allow the objector to refuse to accede to the patient's request so long as the objector refers the patient to a physician who performs abortions. The referral part of this arrangement is controversial, however. Pro-life advocates claim that referrals make objectors complicit in the performance of acts that they, the objectors, find morally offensive. McLeod argues that the referral requirement is justifiable, although not in the way that people usually assume.

What's Happening: November, 2008, Maine Medical Center

What's Happening

No abstract provided.

Toward Using National Cancer Surveillance Data For Preventing And Controlling Cervical And Other Human Papillomavirus-Associated Cancers In The Us, Mona Saraiya, Faruque Ahmed, Mary White, Herschel Lawson, Elizabeth R. Unger, Christie Eheman

United States Public Health Resources

This supplement, known as the ABHACUS (Assessing the Burden of HPV-Associated Cancers in the United States) supplement, contains 22 articles. Together, these articles provide a comprehensive snapshot of data related to the occurrence and control of multiple cancers that have been associated with the human papillomavirus (HPV). These analyses highlight the burden of HPV associated cancers in the US population as a whole and among vulnerable population subgroups. We anticipate that these findings will be an important resource for enhancing existing strategies for the prevention and control of HPV associated cancers.

HPV is estimated to be responsible for 5.2% of …

Surgical Management Of Blunt Pancreatic Trauma: A Modus Operandi Or Individualized Therapy?, Muhammad Rizwan Khan, Kiran Ejaz

Section of General Surgery

The overall rate of blunt pancreatic trauma observed in level one trauma centers is rather low compared to other injuries, with a reported prevalence of 0.4 per 100,000 hospital admissions. The situation may be further complicated by the presence of associated major visceral injuries in these patients. A number of previous reports indicate that blunt pancreatic trauma carries high morbidity and mortality rates, especially when diagnosis is delayed or inappropriate surgery is attempted. Many mandate prompt surgical explorations for organ-specific diagnosis on CT; however other literature and upcoming studies prove otherwise. Over the years, several technologic advances have increased the …