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2008

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Articles 2521 - 2550 of 3703

Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences

Toward Vocabulary Control For Chief Complaint, Stephanie W. Haas, Debbie Travers, Judith E. Tintinalli, Daniel Pollock, Anna Waller, Edward Barthell, Catharine Burt, Wendy Chapman, Kevin Coonan, Donald Kamens, James Mcclay Jan 2008

Toward Vocabulary Control For Chief Complaint, Stephanie W. Haas, Debbie Travers, Judith E. Tintinalli, Daniel Pollock, Anna Waller, Edward Barthell, Catharine Burt, Wendy Chapman, Kevin Coonan, Donald Kamens, James Mcclay

United States Public Health Resources

The chief complaint (CC) is the data element that documents the patient’s reason for visiting the emergency department (ED). The need for a CC vocabulary has been acknowledged at national meetings and in multiple publications, but to our knowledge no groups have specifically focused on the requirements and development plans for a CC vocabulary. The national consensus meeting ‘‘Towards Vocabulary Control for Chief Complaint’’ was convened to identify the potential uses for ED CC and to develop the framework for CC vocabulary control. The 10-point consensus recommendations for action were 1) begin to develop a controlled vocabulary for CC, 2) …

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An In Vitro Method Of Alcoholic Liver Injury Using Precision-Cut Liver Slices From Rats, Lynell W. Klassen, Geoffrey M. Thiele, Michael J. Duryee, Courtney S. Schaffert, Amy L. Deveney, Carlos D. Hunter, Peter Olinga, Dean J. Tuma Jan 2008

An In Vitro Method Of Alcoholic Liver Injury Using Precision-Cut Liver Slices From Rats, Lynell W. Klassen, Geoffrey M. Thiele, Michael J. Duryee, Courtney S. Schaffert, Amy L. Deveney, Carlos D. Hunter, Peter Olinga, Dean J. Tuma

United States Public Health Resources

Alcohol abuse results in liver injury, but investigations into the mechanism(s) for this injury have been hampered by the lack of appropriate in vitro culture models in which to conduct in depth and specific studies. In order to overcome these shortcomings, we have developed the use of precision-cut liver slices (PCLS) as an in vitro culture model in which to investigate how ethanol causes alcohol-induced liver injury. In these studies, it was shown that the PCLS retained excellent viability as determined by lactate dehydrogenase and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels over a 96-h period of incubation. More importantly, the major enzymes …

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Populations Receiving Optimally Fluoridated Public Drinking Water— United States, 1992-2006 Jan 2008

Populations Receiving Optimally Fluoridated Public Drinking Water— United States, 1992-2006

United States Public Health Resources

Water fluoridation has been identified by CDC as one of 10 great public health achievements of the 20th century. The decline in the prevalence and severity of dental caries (tooth decay) in the United States during the past 60 years has been attributed largely to the increased use of fluoride. Community water fluoridation is an equitable and cost-effective method for delivering fluoride to the community. A Healthy People 2010 objective is to increase to 75% the proportion of the U.S. population served by community water systems who receive optimally fluoridated water. To update and revise previous reports on fluoridation in …

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Self-Reported Falls And Fall-Related Injuries Among Persons Aged ≥65 Years–United States, 2006, J.A. Stevens, K.A. Mack, L.J. Paulozzi, M.F. Ballesteros Jan 2008

Self-Reported Falls And Fall-Related Injuries Among Persons Aged ≥65 Years–United States, 2006, J.A. Stevens, K.A. Mack, L.J. Paulozzi, M.F. Ballesteros

United States Public Health Resources

Problem: In 2005, 15,802 persons aged ≥65 years died from fall injuries. How many older adults seek outpatient treatment for minor or moderate fall injuries is unknown.
Method: To estimate the percentage of older adults who fell during the preceding three months, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) analyzed data from two questions about falls included in the 2006 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) survey.
Results: Approximately 5.8 million (15.9%) persons aged ≥65 years reported falling at least once during the preceding three months, and 1.8 million (31.3%) of those who fell sustained an injury that resulted …

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Uab Nursing - Winter 2008, University Of Alabama At Birmingham Jan 2008

Uab Nursing - Winter 2008, University Of Alabama At Birmingham

UAB Nursing magazine

No abstract provided.

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Reinventing Nursing For Future Generations, Connie A. Luedtke Jan 2008

Reinventing Nursing For Future Generations, Connie A. Luedtke

Theses and Graduate Projects

By 2020 the USA will experience a tremendous nursing shortage. Unfortunately the public does not know what nurses do nor the rewards associated with the profession of nursing. Nursing has had difficulty competing with other professions offering more pay, better schedules and promises of exciting careers. The purpose of this graduate integrative project is to describe a children's book written with the intention of educating and recruiting future generations for the profession of nursing. Background information will be provided to illustrate the need for such a book, including general information on the current nursing shortage, the disparity of men and …

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The Positive Energy Patrol: One Nursing Division's Approach To Address The Issue Of Morale In The Workplace, Mary Ann Ryan Jan 2008

The Positive Energy Patrol: One Nursing Division's Approach To Address The Issue Of Morale In The Workplace, Mary Ann Ryan

Theses and Graduate Projects

The purpose of this project is to develop an article for submission to a professional journal describing a staff led initiative to address employee morale in the hospital setting. It is well documented in professional nursing literature that the morale of a work environment has a direct effect upon the care provided to the patients and families served. Empowerment of staff, mutual respect, and transpersonal care as described by nursing theorist Jean Watson provide a healthy framework for a workplace where people want to engage and contribute. A morale initiative as trialed at one institution will be shared for consideration …

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Nursing Education To Minimize Anxiety For Patient And Family During Transfer From Intense Care To General Care, Renee L. Wilson Jan 2008

Nursing Education To Minimize Anxiety For Patient And Family During Transfer From Intense Care To General Care, Renee L. Wilson

Theses and Graduate Projects

The purpose of this project is to design an education module for nurses on the phenomenon of transfer anxiety so they are able to recognize patient and family behaviors manifested as a result of anxiety at the time of transfer from intensive to general care. Anxiety at the time of transfer can negatively impact patients' therapeutic response to health care as well as minimize the effectiveness of family members as needed support. The multifactorial causes of transfer anxiety are well documented in professional literature but not well known by nurses. Information from published literature that supports transfer anxiety as a …

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First Successful Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation In Pakistan, Tashfeen Ahmad, Masood Umer, Loay Lubbad, Riaz Hussain Lakdawala, Anwar Ali Siddiqui Jan 2008

First Successful Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation In Pakistan, Tashfeen Ahmad, Masood Umer, Loay Lubbad, Riaz Hussain Lakdawala, Anwar Ali Siddiqui

Section of Orthopaedic Surgery

Osteochondritis dissecans entails a hyaline cartilage defect of the articular surface causing pain and functional restriction in young adults, sometimes resulting in early degenerative arthritis. Conventional treatment methods such as abrasion chondroplasty and mosaicplasty have limitations in terms of quality of the resultant cartilage and donor site morbidity. A more recent technique, autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) results in hyaline cartilage formation and gives good long-term outcome, but requires a high-level cell culture facility and two surgical procedures. The patient was a young female with knee pain, intermittent locking and feeling of "joint mouse". MRI scan and arthroscopy showed a 2 …

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Splenic Abscess: Outcome And Prognostic Factors, Abdul Rehman Alvi, Shazia Kulsoom, Ghina Shamsi Jan 2008

Splenic Abscess: Outcome And Prognostic Factors, Abdul Rehman Alvi, Shazia Kulsoom, Ghina Shamsi

Section of General Surgery

Objective: To determine the spectrum of presentation, treatment outcome and prognostic factors of splenic abscess in a tertiary care hospital.
Study Design: Case-series.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of General Surgery, the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, from July 1988 to July 2007.
Methodology: The records of 27 patients with splenic abscess, diagnosed from 1988 to 2007, were retrieved through ICD-10 coding system. The demographic data, physical and radiological findings, treatment modalities, bacteriology reports, morbidity and mortality were collected on a proforma.
Results: There were 12 males and 15 females with a mean age of 43.52+/-17.49 years. Common symptoms …

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A Unique Variant Of Intestinal Tuberculosis, Abdul Rehman Alvi, Masooma Zaidi Jan 2008

A Unique Variant Of Intestinal Tuberculosis, Abdul Rehman Alvi, Masooma Zaidi

Section of General Surgery

Duodenum is a rare site of involvement in intestinal tuberculosis. We report a 19 years old boy who presented with nonbilious vomiting and weight loss. His workup showed stricture in ascending colon, multiple liver abscesses with pneumobilia on CT scan. Upper GI endoscopy revealed stricture in 2nd part of duodenum distally. He was operated and duodenojejunostomy with limited right hemicolectomy (for stricture in this part of gut) were done. Biopsy report was suggestive of tuberculosis. Antituberculous treatment was started. He responded well and gained 20 kg weight at 3 months follow-up.

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Animal-Side Serologic Assay For Rapid Detection Of Mycobacterium Bovis Infection In Multiple Species Of Free-Ranging Wildlife, K.P. Lyashchenko, R. Greenwald, J. Esfandiari, M.A. Chambers, J. Vicente, C. Gortazar, N. Santos, M. Correia-Neves, B.M. Buddle, R. Jackson, D.J. O’Brien, S. Schmitt, M. V. Palmer, R.J. Delahay, W.R. Waters Jan 2008

Animal-Side Serologic Assay For Rapid Detection Of Mycobacterium Bovis Infection In Multiple Species Of Free-Ranging Wildlife, K.P. Lyashchenko, R. Greenwald, J. Esfandiari, M.A. Chambers, J. Vicente, C. Gortazar, N. Santos, M. Correia-Neves, B.M. Buddle, R. Jackson, D.J. O’Brien, S. Schmitt, M. V. Palmer, R.J. Delahay, W.R. Waters

Michigan Bovine Tuberculosis Bibliography and Database

Numerous species of mammals are susceptible to Mycobacterium bovis, the causative agent of bovine tuberculosis (TB). Several wildlife hosts have emerged as reservoirs of M. bovis infection for domestic livestock in different countries. In the present study, blood samples were collected from Eurasian badgers (n = 1532), white-tailed deer (n = 463), brushtail possums (n = 129), and wild boar (n = 177) for evaluation of antibody responses to M. bovis infection by a lateral-flow rapid test (RT) and multiantigen print immunoassay (MAPIA). Magnitude of the antibody responses and antigen recognition patterns varied among the animals as determined by …

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Management Of Myelomeningocele, A Sattar M. Hashim, Shahid Ahmed, Rashid Jooma Jan 2008

Management Of Myelomeningocele, A Sattar M. Hashim, Shahid Ahmed, Rashid Jooma

Section of Neurosurgery

Objective: T To find out best possible protocol to provide productive life to children born with myelomeningocele.
Study design: Descriptive study.
Place & Duration of study: Department of Neurosurgery, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre Karachi from December 2001 to December 2006.
Patients and Methods: The medical record of 415 children with myelomeningocele operated at our center was reviewed retrospectively. The surgical & medical management protocol used for different sites of myelomeningocele was studied.
Results: The age of most of the patients at the time of myelomeningocele repair was between 25-30 days; however, children with ruptured myelomeningocele were consistently repaired early. All …

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Displaced And Dispossessed: Caring For The World’S Refugees, Shela Akbar Ali Hirani Jan 2008

Displaced And Dispossessed: Caring For The World’S Refugees, Shela Akbar Ali Hirani

School of Nursing & Midwifery

No abstract provided.

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The Relationship Of Suicide Death To Baker Act Examination, Client Characteristics And Service Use Patterns, Stephen Roggenbaum, Annette Christy, Amanda Leblanc, Mark Mccranie, Mary Rose Murrin, Yanen Li Jan 2008

The Relationship Of Suicide Death To Baker Act Examination, Client Characteristics And Service Use Patterns, Stephen Roggenbaum, Annette Christy, Amanda Leblanc, Mark Mccranie, Mary Rose Murrin, Yanen Li

Mental Health Law & Policy Faculty Publications

Suicide is the eleventh leading cause of death across all ages in the United States. Florida had the third highest number of suicide deaths among all states in 2005 with over 2,300 deaths (CDC WISQARS, 2008; Kung, Hoyert, Xu, & Murphy, 2008). In Florida, it was the tenth leading cause of death in 2005, ranking as high as the second leading cause of death for 25-34 year olds in the state (CDC WISQARS, 2008). Risk factors for death by suicide include being male, having a diagnosis of depression and/or a substance use disorder, and having made a previous suicide attempt …

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Validation Of A Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis Equation Predicting Body Composition Using Conductor Length Instead Of Height, Jessica Dawn Nye Jan 2008

Validation Of A Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis Equation Predicting Body Composition Using Conductor Length Instead Of Height, Jessica Dawn Nye

Undergraduate Honors Theses

Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is widely used in predicting body composition. Impedance of an electrical current that passes through the body is related to the composition of the body and the length of the conductor, conventionally estimated using height. The purpose of this study was to compare a BIA equation prediction fat-free mass (FFM) that utilized actual conductor length (Parsons) with a conventional BIA equation (NHANES), using hydrodensitometry as the reference method. Thirty-nine male and 53 female subjects were studied. For both sexes, FFM predicted by both Parsons and NHANES equations were equally and highly correlated with FFM measured using …

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The Metabolic Effects Of Epigallo Catechin Gallate On Females At Rest And Low Exertion, Bret Mcconaughy Rust Jan 2008

The Metabolic Effects Of Epigallo Catechin Gallate On Females At Rest And Low Exertion, Bret Mcconaughy Rust

Undergraduate Honors Theses

Green tea extract (GTE) containing catechin polyphenols is marketed widely as a dietary supplement intended to enhance weight loss. Epigallo Catechin Gallate (EGCG) is a polyphenol found in green tea that some studies have found to increase Energy Expenditure (EE) and to decrease Respiratory Quotient (RQ) in human subjects. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of two weeks of chronic supplementation of 540 mg of EGCG on anthropometric measurements, body composition, blood pressure, EE and RQ in adult women at rest and at low levels of exertion. Results trended toward reducing resting RQ (p=.098) but showed …

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The Basis Of A Comprehensive Regulatory Policy For Reduced Harm Tobacco Products, David Sweanor, Rachel C. Grunberger Jan 2008

The Basis Of A Comprehensive Regulatory Policy For Reduced Harm Tobacco Products, David Sweanor, Rachel C. Grunberger

Journal of Health Care Law and Policy

No abstract provided.

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The Uses Of Rickets: Race, Technology, And The Politics Of Preventive Medicine In The Early Twentieth Century, M. Allison Arwady Jan 2008

The Uses Of Rickets: Race, Technology, And The Politics Of Preventive Medicine In The Early Twentieth Century, M. Allison Arwady

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Rickets, the bone disease classically caused by Vitamin D deficiency, was one of the most common diseases of children 100 years ago. It has been recognized as a disease of urban living and linked to issues of race and culture for generations. This paper uses unpublished patient records from 1904 to 1909 and archival and published materials from multiple community-based trials, including the New Haven Rickets Study (1923-1926), to explore how the definition, diagnosis, and treatment of rickets shifted in the first decades of the twentieth century in the United States. Before 1910, as evidenced by patient records, neither the …

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Assessment Of Risk Factors For Hiv Infection Among Men Who Have Sex With Men In The Metropolitan Area Of Campinas City, Brazil, Using Respondent-Driven Sampling, Maeve De Mello, Adriana De Araujo Pinho, Magda Chinaglia, Waimar Tun, Aristides Barbosa Junior, Maria Cristina, F.J. Ilario, Paulo Reis, Regina C.S. Salles, Suzanne Westman, Juan Diaz Jan 2008

Assessment Of Risk Factors For Hiv Infection Among Men Who Have Sex With Men In The Metropolitan Area Of Campinas City, Brazil, Using Respondent-Driven Sampling, Maeve De Mello, Adriana De Araujo Pinho, Magda Chinaglia, Waimar Tun, Aristides Barbosa Junior, Maria Cristina, F.J. Ilario, Paulo Reis, Regina C.S. Salles, Suzanne Westman, Juan Diaz

HIV and AIDS

The Population Council, in collaboration with the Brazil Ministry of Health, the Municipal Program of STD/AIDS of Campinas, and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/Global AIDS Program/Brazil, conducted a study to characterize the sociodemographic, behavioral, and environmental factors associated with subgroups of MSM who are most at risk for HIV infection. This research is the first Brazilian study to provide population-based estimates for HIV, syphilis, and HIV-related risk behaviors using an innovative sampling technique to reach members of the target population. Our data suggest the importance for HIV prevention programs to address not only sexual risk reduction, but …

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Is It Feasible To Integrate Alcohol-Related Risk Reduction Counseling Into Vct Services? Findings From Kenya, Caroline Mackenzie, Karusa Kiragu, George Odingo, Rukia Yassin, Peter Shikuku, Patrick Angala, Nduku Kilonzo, William Sinkele, Melania Akinyi Jan 2008

Is It Feasible To Integrate Alcohol-Related Risk Reduction Counseling Into Vct Services? Findings From Kenya, Caroline Mackenzie, Karusa Kiragu, George Odingo, Rukia Yassin, Peter Shikuku, Patrick Angala, Nduku Kilonzo, William Sinkele, Melania Akinyi

HIV and AIDS

In Kenya, an estimated 30 percent of men report to be alcohol users which may be fueling the HIV pandemic, due to its association with high-risk sexual behavior and reduced inhibitions. The Population Council’s Horizons program collaborated on a study to improve screening of clients for alcohol use, provision of feedback of screening results, and referrals to care and support during voluntary testing and counseling (VCT) for HIV. Overall, the results indicate that it is feasible to integrate alcohol risk reduction counseling into VCT, and that it is generally accepted by providers and clients alike. This study therefore supports the …

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Promoting Gender Equity As A Strategy To Reduce Hiv Risk And Gender-Based Violence Among Young Men In India, Ravi K. Verma, Julie Pulerwitz, Vaishali Sharma Mahendra, Sujata Khandekar, A.K. Singh, S.S. Das, Sunil Mehra, Anita Nura, Gary Barker Jan 2008

Promoting Gender Equity As A Strategy To Reduce Hiv Risk And Gender-Based Violence Among Young Men In India, Ravi K. Verma, Julie Pulerwitz, Vaishali Sharma Mahendra, Sujata Khandekar, A.K. Singh, S.S. Das, Sunil Mehra, Anita Nura, Gary Barker

HIV and AIDS

The Horizons Program, CORO for Literacy, MAMTA, and Instituto Promundo developed, piloted, and scaled-up a behavior-change intervention in India to examine the effectiveness of interventions to improve young men’s attitudes toward gender roles and sexual relationships, and to reduce HIV risk behaviors and partner violence. The results of this study suggest that young men became less supportive of inequitable gender norms after participating in the interventions. Similarly, there were significant improvements among intervention participants in key outcome indicators, including condom use, partner communication, partner violence, and attitudes toward PLHIV. To maximize the chances of long-term sustainability of these positive changes, …

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Catalyzing Personal And Social Change Around Gender, Sexuality, And Hiv: Impact Evaluation Of Puntos De Encuentro´S Communication Strategy In Nicaragua, Irela Solorzano, Amy Bank, Rodolfo Pena, Henry Espinoza, Mary Ellsberg, Julie Pulerwitz Jan 2008

Catalyzing Personal And Social Change Around Gender, Sexuality, And Hiv: Impact Evaluation Of Puntos De Encuentro´S Communication Strategy In Nicaragua, Irela Solorzano, Amy Bank, Rodolfo Pena, Henry Espinoza, Mary Ellsberg, Julie Pulerwitz

HIV and AIDS

Somos Diferentes, Somos Iguales (SDSI) is a communication for social change strategy whose objective is to prevent future HIV infections in Nicaragua, through mass communication actions that include educational entertainment programs, strengthening of local capacity, and the development of alliances within the communities. This report presents the results of an interinstitutional evaluation to explore the impact of SDSI on gender equity, stigma reduction, personalization of risk perception, knowledge and use of services, interpersonal communication, HIV prevention practices, and individual and collective effectiveness for HIV prevention. The impact evaluation showed that the SDSI strategy made a great contribution in key aspects …

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Propiciando Cambio Personal Y Social Alrededor Del Género, Sexualidad Y Vih: Evaluación De Impacto De La Estrategia De Comunicación De Puntos De Encuentro En Nicaragua, Irela Solorzano, Amy Bank, Rodolfo Pena, Henry Espinoza, Mary Ellsberg, Julie Pulerwitz Jan 2008

Propiciando Cambio Personal Y Social Alrededor Del Género, Sexualidad Y Vih: Evaluación De Impacto De La Estrategia De Comunicación De Puntos De Encuentro En Nicaragua, Irela Solorzano, Amy Bank, Rodolfo Pena, Henry Espinoza, Mary Ellsberg, Julie Pulerwitz

HIV and AIDS

Somos Diferentes, Somos Iguales (SDSI) is a communication for social change strategy whose objective is to prevent future HIV infections in Nicaragua, through mass communication actions that include educational entertainment programs, strengthening of local capacity, and the development of alliances within the communities. This report presents the results of an interinstitutional evaluation to explore the impact of SDSI on gender equity, stigma reduction, personalization of risk perception, knowledge and use of services, interpersonal communication, HIV prevention practices, and individual and collective effectiveness for HIV prevention. The impact evaluation showed that the SDSI strategy made a great contribution in key aspects …

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Caring For Caregivers: An Hiv/Aids Workplace Intervention For Hospital Staff In Zambia—Evaluation Results, Karusa Kiragu, Mutinta Nyumbu, Thabale J. Ngulube, Panganani Njobvu, Chilufya Mwaba, Arthur Kalimbwe, Spike Bradford Jan 2008

Caring For Caregivers: An Hiv/Aids Workplace Intervention For Hospital Staff In Zambia—Evaluation Results, Karusa Kiragu, Mutinta Nyumbu, Thabale J. Ngulube, Panganani Njobvu, Chilufya Mwaba, Arthur Kalimbwe, Spike Bradford

HIV and AIDS

The Horizons Program collaborated on a Caring for Caregivers initiative in Zambia whose objective was to develop and test a risk-reduction workplace program for hospital staff. This was motivated by the recognition that hospital workers are often overlooked in HIV programming, and yet many are infected or affected by HIV. It was also motivated by the fact that hospital staff are heterogeneous, with both clinical and non-clinical staff having varying levels of understanding regarding HIV transmission. Caring for Caregivers was a peer education program targeted at hospital staff and implemented in two hospitals in Zambia, with a combined staff of …

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Repositioning Postnatal Care In A High Hiv Environment: Swaziland, Charlotte E. Warren, Rachel Shongwe, Allen Waligo, Mohammed Mahdi, Goldy Mazia, Indira Narayanan Jan 2008

Repositioning Postnatal Care In A High Hiv Environment: Swaziland, Charlotte E. Warren, Rachel Shongwe, Allen Waligo, Mohammed Mahdi, Goldy Mazia, Indira Narayanan

HIV and AIDS

This Horizons report from the Swaziland Ministry of Health and Social Welfare discusses findings from an intervention which aimed to reposition postnatal care within the context of a high HIV prevalence environment. The objectives were to determine if changes to the sexual and reproductive health guidelines on postnatal care would result in the timely and quality provision of key components of essential maternal and newborn care in the postnatal period, increase utilization of postnatal care services among all postpartum women, and improve the care and follow up of HIV-positive postpartum women and their infants. The study confirms that the introduction …

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Improving Hospital-Based Quality Of Care In Vietnam By Reducing Hiv-Related Stigma And Discrimination, Khuat Thi Hai Oanh, Kim Ashburn, Julie Pulerwitz, Jessica Ogden, Laura Nyblade Jan 2008

Improving Hospital-Based Quality Of Care In Vietnam By Reducing Hiv-Related Stigma And Discrimination, Khuat Thi Hai Oanh, Kim Ashburn, Julie Pulerwitz, Jessica Ogden, Laura Nyblade

HIV and AIDS

To address HIV-related stigma and discrimination, and improve the quality of care in the healthcare setting in Vietnam, the Institute for Social and Development Studies, the International Center for Research on Women, and the Horizons Program conducted intervention research in four hospitals. The study team conceptualized two fundamental causes of HIV-related stigma: 1) fear of casual transmission; and 2) negative values/social judgments and associations between HIV and certain behaviors and groups, such as sex workers and injecting drug users. Both intervention strategies successfully reduced stigma and discrimination toward HIV-positive patients in these healthcare settings. The findings show that addressing stigma …

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Assessment Of Risk Factors For Hiv Infection In Female Sex Workers And Men Who Have Sex With Men In Ciudad Del Este, Paraguay, Magda Chinaglia, Waimar Tun, Maeve Mello, Magdalena Insfran, Juan Diaz Jan 2008

Assessment Of Risk Factors For Hiv Infection In Female Sex Workers And Men Who Have Sex With Men In Ciudad Del Este, Paraguay, Magda Chinaglia, Waimar Tun, Maeve Mello, Magdalena Insfran, Juan Diaz

HIV and AIDS

Research conducted by the Population Council/Brazil, supported by the USAID-funded Horizons Project, documents findings from a study in Paraguay among men who have sex with men and female sex workers to estimate HIV and syphilis prevalence; examine knowledge, attitudes, and risk behaviors related to HIV and STIs; and describe the contextual and behavioral factors influencing HIV and STI transmission. Findings provide guidance to the development of HIV and STI prevention and care interventions and further operations research to test strategies and interventions to reduce the spread of HIV and STIs in these groups.

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School As A Workplace In Kenya: Evaluation Of The Teachers Matter Hiv/Aids Project, Karusa Kiragu, Caroline Mackenzie, Jennifer Weiss, Murungaru Kimani, Debbie Gachuhi Jan 2008

School As A Workplace In Kenya: Evaluation Of The Teachers Matter Hiv/Aids Project, Karusa Kiragu, Caroline Mackenzie, Jennifer Weiss, Murungaru Kimani, Debbie Gachuhi

HIV and AIDS

The Horizons program of the Population Council embarked on an operations research initiative in Kenya to test the feasibility of implementing a teacher-centered workplace program based in schools. The study was conducted in partnership with the Ministry of Education, the Kenya Institute of Education, the Teachers Service Commission, and UNICEF. Called Teachers Matter, the project’s main audience was primary and secondary school teachers. The purpose of the research was to assess whether such a program would improve teachers’ HIV-related knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors; increase the proportion of teachers seeking voluntary testing and counseling; and enhance their ability to cope with …

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Migration/Mobility And Vulnerability To Hiv Among Male Migrant Workers: Andhra Pradesh 2007-08, Niranjan Saggurti, Anrudh K. Jain, Saumya Ramarao, Hanimi Reddy Modugu, Ajay Kumar Singh, Suvakanta N. Swain, Ravi K. Verma Jan 2008

Migration/Mobility And Vulnerability To Hiv Among Male Migrant Workers: Andhra Pradesh 2007-08, Niranjan Saggurti, Anrudh K. Jain, Saumya Ramarao, Hanimi Reddy Modugu, Ajay Kumar Singh, Suvakanta N. Swain, Ravi K. Verma

HIV and AIDS

The Population Council, in collaboration with TNS India Pvt. Ltd., undertook a study in Andhra Pradesh, India, to examine the patterns of male migration and its links with HIV risk. The goal was to provide evidence to inform the design and implementation of HIV interventions for male migrant workers. The study documented the volume and patterns of mobility, including the social dynamics within the contract system that employs these men as laborers, and the sexual risk behaviors and addictive behaviors of male migrants. The results suggest a predominance of interdistrict movements of men within Andhra Pradesh with a strong positive …

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