Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Maternal Cocaine Administration In Mice Alters Dna Methylation And Gene Expression In Hippocampal Neurons Of Neonatal And Prepubertal Offspring, Svetlana I. Novikova, Fang He, Jie Bai, Nicholas J. Cutrufello, Michael S. Lidow, Ashiwel S. Undieh

College of Pharmacy Faculty Papers

Previous studies documented significant behavioral changes in the offspring of cocaine-exposed mothers. We now explore the hypothesis that maternal cocaine exposure could alter the fetal epigenetic machinery sufficiently to cause lasting neurochemical and functional changes in the offspring. Pregnant CD1 mice were administered either saline or 20 mg/kg cocaine twice daily on gestational days 8-19. Male pups from each of ten litters of the cocaine and control groups were analyzed at 3 (P3) or 30 (P30) days postnatum. Global DNA methylation, methylated DNA immunoprecipitation followed by CGI(2) microarray profiling and bisulfite sequencing, as well as quantitative real-time RT-PCR gene expression …

Healthnet News V.23:No.1 Spring 2008, Judith S. Kronick, Alberta Richetelle

Articles - Patient Care

A newsletter for public librarians and others interested in consumer health information services.

Expression And Function Of Dlx Genes In The Osteoblast Lineage, Haitao Li, Inga Marijanovic, Mark S. Kronenberg, Ivana Erceg, Mary Louise Stover, Dimitrios Velonis, Mina Mina, William B. Upholt, Ivo Kalajzic, Alexander C. Lichtler

UCHC Articles - Research

Our laboratory and others have shown that overexpression of Dlx5 stimulates osteoblast differentiation. Dlx5^−/−/Dlx6^−/− mice have more severe craniofacial and limb defects than Dlx5^−/−, some of which are potentially due to defects in osteoblast maturation. We wished to investigate the degree to which other Dlx genes compensate for the lack of Dlx5, thus allowing normal development of the majority of skeletal elements in Dlx5^−/− mice. Dlx gene expression in cells from different stages of the osteoblast lineage isolated by FACS sorting showed that Dlx2, Dlx5 and Dlx6 are expressed most strongly in less mature …

Roles Of Fgfr3 During Morphogenesis Of Meckel's Cartilage And Mandibular Bones, Bruce A. Havens, Dimitris Velonis, Mark S. Kronenberg, Alex C. Lichtler, Bonnie Oliver, Mina Mina

UCHC Articles - Research

To address the functions of FGFR2 and FGFR3 signaling during mandibular skeletogenesis, we over-expressed in the developing chick mandible, replication-competent retroviruses carrying truncated FGFR2c or FGFR3c that function as dominant negative receptors (RCAS-dnFGFR2 and RCAS-dnFGFR3). Injection of RCAS-dnFGFR3 between HH15−20 led to reduced proliferation, increased apoptosis, and decreased differentiation of chondroblasts in Meckel's cartilage. These changes resulted in the formation of a hypoplastic mandibular process and truncated Meckel's cartilage. This treatment also affected the proliferation and survival of osteoprogenitor cells in osteogenic condensations, leading to the absence of five mandibular bones on the injected side. Injection of RCAS-dnFGFR2 between HH15−20 …

The Effects Of Hiv On P300 Are Moderated By Familial Risk For Substance Dependence: Implications For A Theory Of Brain Reserve, Lance O. Bauer

UCHC Articles - Research

Abstract

Background

The goal of the study was to test the validity of additive versus synergistic versus underadditive versions of brain reserve theory within the context of HIV/AIDS. In addition, it tested the convergent validity of 2 operational definitions of premorbid reserve: verbal IQ (VIQ) and a family history (FH) of substance abuse or dependence.

Methods

Seventy HIV-1 seronegative and 115 HIV-1 seropositive male and female volunteers were assigned to 4 subgroups defined by the crossing of a VIQ score < versus ≥ 90 with the presence versus absence of a paternal history of alcohol, cocaine, or opiate abuse or dependence. The principal dependent measure was the P300 event related brain potential elicited during the Stroop color-word interference task.

Results

The principal finding was an underadditive effect of FH plus HIV/AIDS on P300 area over the frontal region: FH …

“We’Re Talking About Sex”: Young Adults And Sexual Health In Northern Ireland, Caroline Erin Morris

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

No abstract provided.

Com Outlook Spring 2008, College Of Osteopathic Medicine

COM Outlook

No abstract provided.

Predicting Physical Activity In Arab American School Children, Jeffrey J. Martin, Nate Mccaughtry, Bo Shen

Kinesiology, Health and Sport Studies

Theoretically grounded research on the determinants of Arab American children's physical activity is virtually nonexistent. Thus, the purpose of our investigation was to evaluate the ability of the theory of planned behavior (TPB) and social cognitive theory (SCT) to predict Arab American children's moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Children (N = 348, ages 10–14) completed questionnaires assessing the TPB and SCT constructs as well as MVPA. Using multiple regression analyses we were able to account for 9% of the variance in MVPA. Based on standardized beta-weights, variance accounted for, and the significance of F change, we concluded that SCT variables …

Parental Influences On Adolescent Girl's Goal Orientations, Perceived Competence, Sport Friendship Quality, And Enjoyment, Carla L. Paiffy, Jeffrey J. Martin

Kinesiology, Health and Sport Studies

The purpose of the present study was to examine the relationships among critical sport psychosocial perceptions of fathers (N=84), mothers (N=84), and daughters (N=84) in the same family (N=252). Athlete participants were young female soccer players ranging in age from 9 to 14 years. A canonical correlation analysis revealed a significant overall multivariate relationship (Wilks's λ = .485, p<.0001) and one significant function emerged (Rc = .64). The loadings suggested that athlete's perceptions of both mother and father created task involving and worry conducive climates all contributed to the multivariate relationship, predicting athlete's perceived competence, sport friendship …

Mid-Atlantic Ethics Committee Newsletter, Spring 2008

Mid-Atlantic Ethics Committee Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Santa Clara Magazine, Volume 49 Number 4, Spring 2008, Santa Clara University

Santa Clara Magazine

14 - LET THE SUN SHINE IN By Steven Boyd Saum. In the international Solar Decathlon competition, a team from Santa Clara blazed a dazzling trail from almost-ran to third in the world.

20 - VISIONS FROM THE SIXTIES By Lisa Taggart. It was art that broke all the rules. And now an exhibit at the de Saisset Museum, curated by Santa Clara scholar Andrea Pappas, captures the sense of optimism and energy when the only limits were imagination itself.

26 - JORMA'S JOURNEY By Mark Purdy. With Jefferson Airplane, he helped define the San Francisco sound. With Hot Tuna …

Stressors And Supports For Baccalaureate Nursing Students Completing An Accelerated Program, Marilyn L. Weitzel, Cheryl P. Mccahon

Nursing Faculty Publications

This study examined stressors and resources for nursing students in an accelerated program. The research questions asked what the stressors and coping strategies are for accelerated option students. It also asked which learning strategies help or hinder accelerated option students in meeting the program objectives. The sample included students from an accelerated nursing program in an urban Midwestern university school of nursing. Participants completed a quantitative questionnaire and an interview. Findings suggested that nearly half of the students preferred the lecture format for classroom presentations. Clinical experiences were perceived as the most important component of the program. Resources included peers, …

Why We Can't Sleep, Gayle Greene

Scripps Faculty Publications and Research

Can't sleep? Well you're not alone, especially among women. A 2007 poll by the National Sleep Foundation found that 67 percent of women frequently experience sleep problems and 29 percent use some type of sleep aid at least a few nights a week. Other surveys have consistently found that nearly half again as many women as men complain of insomnia.

Gender Differences In Cam Usage In Undergraduates, Mary E. Pritchard, Patt Elison-Bowers, Phares Book, Bobbie Birdsall

Psychological Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

The National Institutes of Health (NIH) recently opened a center for the study of the use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM). While the NlH has conducted a few random sampling studies, none have examined the knowledge and use of CAM among undergraduates and whether these differ by gender. 111 college students were asked about the usage of a variety of CAM techniques, as well as about beliefs and opinions about CAM techniques. Several gender differences emerged. Implications for college wellness centers will be discussed.

Gross Motor Development, Movement Abnormalities, And Early Identification Of Autism, Sally Ozonoff, Gregory S. Young, Stacy Goldring, Laura Greiss Hess, Andriana M. Herrera, Joel Steele, Suzanne Macari, Susan Hepburn, Sally J. Rogers

Collected Faculty Scholarship

Gross motor development (supine, prone, rolling, sitting, crawling, walking) and movement abnormalities were examined in the home videos of infants later diagnosed with autism (regression and no regression subgroups), developmental delays (DD), or typical development. Group differences in maturity were found for walking, prone, and supine, with the DD and Autism-No Regression groups both showing later developing motor maturity than typical children. The only statistically significant differences in movement abnormalities were in the DD group; the two autism groups did not differ from the typical group in rates of movement abnormalities or lack of protective responses. These findings do not …

Risk Of Childhood Cancers Associated With Residence In Agriculturally Intense Areas In The United States, Susan E. Carozza, Bo Li, Kai Elgethun, Ryan Whitworth

Public and Population Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

Background: The potential for widespread exposure to agricultural pesticides through drift during application raises concerns about possible health effects to exposed children living in areas of high agricultural activity.

Objectives: We evaluated whether residence in a county with greater agricultural activity was associated with risk of developing cancer in children < 15 years of age.

Methods: Incidence data for U.S. children 0–14 years of age diagnosed with cancer between 1995 and 2001 were provided by member registries of the North American Association of Central Cancer Registries. We determined percent cropland for each county using agricultural census data, and used the overall study distribution to classify …

The Effects Of Damage To The Central Thalamus On Learned Behaviors, Kimberly Voorhies

Inquiry Journal 2008

No abstract provided.

Sex Education In Amsterdam: What They Do And Why They Choose To Do It., Coral E. Hackler

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

Sex education in the Netherlands has been regarded by many as exemplary. Around the world the phrase “Double Dutch” is known as the term of using both the condom and the pill. The actual effectiveness of sexuality education in the Netherlands has rarely been studied. The teachers themselves must decide what they believe will be the most effective methods of sexuality education. This begs one to question why a teacher chooses the methods they have chosen and what makes them believe that these methods are effective. Because there is no research on how sexuality education is directly influencing students, teachers …

Surviving The War, Surviving The Peace: Supporting Women Survivors Of War-Rape And Domestic Violence In Medica Zenica, Zoë Brennan-Krohn

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

My research sought to examine the transition from war to post-war services provided in a women’s non-governmental organization, Medica Zenica, located in central Bosnia-Hercegovina. Opened in 1993, in the midst of the war in Bosnia, Medica Zenica began providing support for war-rape survivors. Today, Medica Zenica is still running, but the majority of clients are now survivors of domestic violence.

By interviewing women currently and previously employed in Medica Zenica, I pieced together a picture of how Medica has evolved in the last fifteen years, as well as how these evolutions are seen as a reflection of changing society in …

The Balanced Scorecard Framework-A Case Study Of Patient And Employee Satisfaction: What Happens When It Does Not Work As Planned?, Andrea Lorden, Alberto Coustasse, Karan P. Singh

Management Faculty Research

Background: The successful utilization of the balanced scorecard (BSC) framework in health care has been demonstrated in the literature. Given these successes, a financially struggling hospital implemented a BSC framework intervention which attempted a culture change centered upon patient satisfaction which it hoped would translate to improved financial stability. Despite the evidence of BSC successes, the intervention, entitled Route 99, did not succeed in this hospital.

Purpose: This case study was conducted to identify learnable lessons and confounding factors associated with the successes and failures of Route 99. Metrics for patient satisfaction and employee satisfaction were examined as reflections of …

¨En Este País No Se Habla Con La Verdad¨: Investigando La Falta De Educación Sexual En El Ecuador¨, Laney Rupp

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

No abstract provided.

Professional Product Review Vol. 3 No. 2, American Dental Association, Council On Scientific Affairs

Professional Product Review

A user-friendly newsletter from the ADA Council on Scientific Affairs offering scientifically sound, unbiased, and clinically relevant information to member dentists about professional dental products tested by the ADA. This collection is historical and may not reflect current standards. For up-to-date information contact the ADA.

The Complexity Of Re-Evaluating Antiretroviral Therapy Eligibility Guidelines For Hiv/Aids Patients In Uganda, Jennifer Klein

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

When I first learned that the eligibility criteria for Antiretroviral Drugs (ARVs) in Uganda is to have a CD4 cell count of 200 or below, I was shocked. Actually, I think my exact response was, “So patients must have full-blown AIDS, severely weakened immune systems, and may be on their deathbeds before they can receive the drugs?” I knew little of the subject, other than that in the United States HIV-positive patients who are on drugs may avoid many of the opportunistic infections and complications that come from delaying treatment until the CD4 count is low. My initial confusion over …

Como Mujer…Yo Decido: El Derecho De Salud Sexual Y Reproductiva En Mujeres Aymara De Putre, Chile, Alice Manos

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

The human right to sexual and reproductive health, as defined at the International United Nations Conference on Population and Development (Cairo, 1994), continues to be a pending issue in Chile. The sexual and reproductive health of indigenous women emerges as a crucial issue within this field due to Chile’s history of cultural ignorance and a dictatorial healthcare system. Studies of women’s sexual and reproductive healthcare within indigenous communities in Chile have focused on the Cosmo vision and traditional medicine of the Aymara due to their distinct concepts of reproduction, gender roles, and family planning. Studies conducted by Maria Soledad Pérez …

College Athletes Having More Than Just A Sip, Lia M. Barros

Inquiry Journal 2008

No abstract provided.

Intercountry Adoption In Guatemala: Implications Of The Hague Convention, Kathleen Smallwood

Mahurin Honors College Capstone Experience/Thesis Projects

The recent growing popularity of intercountry adoptions between the United States and Guatemala has increased opportunities for corruption. As a result, policies have been created in order to decrease instances of corruption. The current policy recently ratified by the United States is the Hague Convention on Intercountry Adoption, which makes strides toward improving the situation, but at a cost. The anticipated ratification of the Hague in 2008 has led to a reduction in the number of adoptions between the United States and Guatemala and all adoptions ceased once the U.S. implemented the convention. This study analyzes current opinions concerning the …

Use Of Origanum Vulgare Essential Oil To Combat Human Pathogenic Yeasts, Amber Adams

Mahurin Honors College Capstone Experience/Thesis Projects

With the outbreak of autoimmune diseases, pathogenic yeasts have begun to pose a serious medical threat. This threat is compounded as more of these yeasts evolve resistance to existing antifungal drugs. In the ever-widening search for new, effective antifungal treatment, the realm of herbal medicine offers some interesting and potentially valuable alternatives. Origanum vulgare is one herb that has demonstrated broad spectrum antimicrobial activity against bacteria and fungi alike. This study undertook to examine the effects of the essential oil of Origanum vulgare on Candida albicans, Cryptococcus neoformans, Rhodotorula rubrum, and Cryptococcus albidus, with the hypothesis that Essential Oil of …

Quasigeometric Distributions And Extra Inning Baseball Games, Darren B. Glass, Philip J. Lowry

Math Faculty Publications

Each July, the eyes of baseball fans across the country turn to Major League Baseball’s All-Star Game, gathering the best and most popular players from baseball’s two leagues to play against each other in a single game. In most sports, the All-Star Game is an exhibition played purely for entertainment. Since 2003, the baseball All-Star Game has actually ‘counted’, because the winning league gets home field advantage in the World Series. Just one year before this rule went into effect, there was no winner in the All-Star Game, as both teams ran out of pitchers in the 11th inning and …

Infertility And Moral Luck: The Politics Of Women Blaming Themselves For Infertility, Carolyn Mcleod, Julie Ponesse

Philosophy Publications

Infertility can be an agonizing experience, especially for women. And, much of the agony has to do with luck: with how unlucky one is in being infertile, and in how much luck is involved in determining whether one can weather the storm of infertility and perhaps have a child in the end. We argue that bad luck associated with being infertile is often bad moral luck for women. The infertile woman often blames herself or is blamed by others for what is happening to her, even when she cannot control or prevent what is happening to her. She has simply …

Cannabinoid Ester Constituents From High-Potency Cannabis Sativa, Safwat A. Ahmed, Samir A. Ross, Desmond Slade, Mohamed M. Radwan, Fazila Zulfiqar, Rae R. Matsumoto, Yan-Tong Xu, Eddy Viard, Robert C. Speth, Vardan T. Karamyan, M A. Elsohly

HPD Articles

Eleven new cannabinoid esters, together with three known cannabinoid acids and Delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol ( Delta9-THC ), were isolated from a high-potency variety of Cannabis sativa. The structures were determined by extensive spectroscopic analyses to be beta-fenchyl Delta9-tetrahydrocannabinolate ( 1), epi-bornyl Delta9-tetrahydrocannabinolate ( 2), alpha-terpenyl Delta9-tetrahydrocannabinolate ( 3), 4-terpenyl Delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinolate ( 4), alpha-cadinyl Delta9-tetrahydrocannabinolate ( 5), gamma-eudesmyl Delta9-tetrahydrocannabinolate ( 6), gamma-eudesmyl cannabigerolate ( 7), 4-terpenyl cannabinolate ( 8), bornyl Delta9-tetrahydrocannabinolate ( 9), alpha-fenchyl Delta9-tetrahydrocannabinolate ( 10), alpha-cadinyl cannabigerolate ( 11), Delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol ( Delta9-THC ), Delta9-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid A ( Delta9-THCA ), cannabinolic acid A ( CBNA), and cannabigerolic acid ( CBGA). Compound …