Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis Masquerading As Carcinoma Of The Breast: A Case Report And Review Of The Literature., Richard Tuli, Brian J O'Hara, Janet Hines, Anne L Rosenberg

Department of Surgery Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis is an uncommon, benign entity with a diagnosis of exclusion. The typical clinical presentation of idiopathic granulomatous mastitis often mimics infection or malignancy. As a result, histopathological confirmation of idiopathic granulomatous mastitis combined with exclusion of infection, malignancy and other causes of granulomatous disease is absolutely necessary. CASE PRESENTATION: We present a case of a young woman with idiopathic granulomatous mastitis, initially mistaken for mastitis as well as breast carcinoma, and successfully treated with a course of corticosteroids. CONCLUSION: There is no clear clinical consensus regarding the ideal therapeutic management of idiopathic granulomatous mastitis. Treatment options …

Reflections On The Revolution In Health And Foreign Policy, David P. Fidler

Articles by Maurer Faculty

No abstract provided.

Editorial, Greg Cline

Michigan Journal of Public Health

No abstract provided.

Tracking Of Carbon Monoxide Poisoning Using Michigan Emergency Department And Hospital Records, Noreen Hughes, Kenneth D. Rosenman, Joseph Gardiner, Corinne Miller, Mary Jo Reilly

Michigan Journal of Public Health

Objectives: Among all deaths due to poisonings, carbon monoxide (CO) is the leading cause. Development of a surveillance system to track CO poisoning is a recommended public health activity. Initial steps to develop such a system are discussed. Methods: Michigan hospitals provided face sheets and discharge summaries of hospitalized and emergency department visits for CO poisonings. Reports were divided into three categories; intentional poisoning, non-work-related poisoning, and work related poisoning. The characteristics of the three groups, including demographics, sources of exposure, carboxyhemoglobin levels, and time of year were described. Results: There were 847 cases of CO poisoning reported. Another 312 …

Using Gis In Conjunction With Binary Logistic Regression: Mapping The Adequacy Of Prenatal Care Access In Grand Rapids, Michigan, Stephen Borders, Gustavo Rotondaro, Ryan Bosscher

Michigan Journal of Public Health

Background: Early prenatal care is often a prerequisite to a healthy baby. The relationship between adequate prenatal care and improved birthing outcomes is well known. Yet access to adequate prenatal care is complicated by a number of socioeconomic factors related to the mother. These factors include education, ethnicity, insurance type, and the age of the mother. When examining a number of these access measures related to prenatal care access and birthing outcomes, Michigan ranks poorly when compared to other states. In Grand Rapids, Michigan, some of these problems are particularly acute. Grand Rapids exceeds the statewide rates in infant mortality, …

Chronic Care At The Crossroads: Exploring Solutions For Chronic Care Management. Report On The Us Summit., Janice L Clarke

College of Population Health Faculty Papers

Report on the US Summit

Giving Birth: The Voices Of Russian Women, Lynn Clark Callister, Natalia Getmanenko, Natalia Garvrish, Marakova Olga Eugenevna, Zotina Nataliya Vladimirova, Jane H. Lassetter, Natalia Turkina

Faculty Publications

Purpose: To gain an understanding of the meaning of childbirth to women living in St. Petersburg, the Russian Federation.

Study Design and Method: Twenty-four Russian women who had given birth in the past 6 months participated in this phenomenological study and were interviewed and audio-taped about the meaning of childbirth. Data collection and analysis occurred concurrently.

Results: The Russian sociocultural context of childbirth was identified in specific themes: (1) adhering to cultural traditions, (2) accessing information, (3) maintaining a healthy lifestyle, (4) articulating the spiritual and emotional meaning of giving birth, and (5) transforming as a mother and a person. …

Knowledge And Beliefs Of Adolescents Regarding Sexually Transmitted Infections And Hiv/Aids In A Rural District In Pakistan, Hafsa Raheel, Franklin White, Muhammad Masood Kadir, Zafar Fatmi

Community Health Sciences

Objective:

To assess the knowledge and beliefs of adolescents (15-19 years girls and boys) regarding sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and HIV/AIDS.

Methods:

A community based cross-sectional survey was conducted in October 2002 in a rural district (Mirpurkhas) of Sindh province, Pakistan.

Results:

A total of 428 adolescent girls and boys were interviewed. Only 44% correctly named at least one STI, while 55% knew at least two modes of transmission for HIV/AIDS. Adolescents with education greater than or equal to secondary level, those who were able to read the newspaper, possessed electricity in their homes and were allowed to meet their …

Correlates Of Cigarette Smoking Among Male College Students In Karachi, Pakistan, Shafquat Rozi, Zahid A. Butt, Saeed Akhtar

Community Health Sciences

Background: About 1.3 billion people are regular smokers world wide and every day between 8,200 and 9,900 young people start to smoke, risking rapid addiction to nicotine. Transition from high school to college is a critical period to adopt healthy habits and life style. Therefore, it is important to understand the factors that might influence their smoking habit. Our study aims to assess the influence of factors that encourage college students to smoke cigarettes.Methods: The data used in this survey were obtained from a representative sample of registered colleges of Karachi. A random sample of 576 male college students of …

Resource Allocation Within The National Aids Control Program Of Pakistan: A Qualitative Assessment Of Decision Maker's Opinions, Sara Husain, Masood Kadir, Zafar Fatmi

Community Health Sciences

Background:

Limited resources, whether public or private, demand prioritisation among competing needs to maximise productivity. With a substantial increase in the number of reported HIV cases, little work has been done to understand how resources have been distributed and what factors may have influenced allocation within the newly introduced Enhanced National AIDS Control Program of Pakistan. The objective of this study was to identify perceptions of decision makers about the process of resource allocation within Pakistan's Enhanced National AIDS Control Program.

Methods:

A qualitative study was undertaken and in-depth interviews of decision makers at provincial and federal levels responsible to …

Noncommunicable Diseases And Injuries: Action Needed In South Asia Too, Ali Khan Khuwaja, Riaz Qureshi, Zafar Fatmi

Community Health Sciences

No abstract provided.

Knowledge, Attitude And Practice Regarding Immunization Among Family Practice Patients, Waris Qidwai, Syed Sohail Ali, Semi Ayub, Salma Ayub

Department of Family Medicine

Objective: To determine the knowledge, attitude and practices about immunization among family practice patients.
Design: A questionnaire based survey.
Patients and Method: A questionnaire was developed in line with the study objectives. It was administered to patients visiting family physicians, after they were administered, informed consent and assurance with regards to confidentiality was provided. Epi-info and SPSS software was used for data management.
Results: A total of 97 patients were surveyed. The majority were men (59.8%) with a mean age of 29.69 years. Majority was unmarried (51.5%), with graduate and post-graduate education (73%), and in government and …

Metabolic Syndrome: Frequency And Gender Differences At An Out - Patient Clinic, Firdous Jahan, Riaz Qureshi, Tasneem Borhany, Hasan Bin Hamza

Department of Family Medicine

Objective: To determine the frequency of metabolic syndrome among patients attending an out-patient clinic of a teaching hospital and to compare the clinical features regarding metabolic syndrome among males and females.
Study Design: Cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration: Aga Khan University Hospital (AKUH), Executive and Family Medicine Clinics, from December 2004 to April 2005.
Patients and Methods: All adults, above 25 years, attending the clinics for an executive check-up and giving informed consent were included in the study. Data was collected through a structured questionnaire administered to those eligible to participate. Metabolic syndrome was defined according to ATP-III guidelines. …

An Exploratory Study Of Pet Raising And Health Of The Elderly People In Hong Kong, Cheung Ming, Alfred Chan, Kam Wing, Kevin Cheung, Lam Fat Lo

APIAS Monograph 專題論文

Introduction:

Pets such as dogs, cats and fish were popular in many other countries (Marx et al., 1988; Gammonley, 1991; Brodie & Biley, 1999; PIAS, 2002). In Hong Kong, pet owners increased to 0.26 million (Census and Statistics Department, 2006). Dating back to 1980s, a research study reported the association between pet ownerships and health benefits for humans (McNicholas et al., 2005). According to the report, domesticated pets brought a sense of companionship and provided pet owners with pleasure. These pets could be tools for enhancing human social relationship and could also provide their owners with emotional comfort. Recent studies …

Validity Of Clinical Diagnosis In Isolated Laryngomalacia In Infants With Congenital Stridor, W. Wachiraphaet, R. Samransamruajkit, J. Deerojanawong, S. Sritippayawan, N. Prapphal

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

Acquired Aplastic Anemia: Treatment In A Developing Country., Shaheena Hanif, Farah Naz, Emaduddin Siddiqui, Jamal Raza

Department of Emergency Medicine

Objective:

The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical presentation of aplastic anemia as well as to assess the efficacy of Cyclosporin -A in patients with aplastic anemia.

Methodology:

This is a hospital based interventional study. During the three year study period, 44 children were enrolled. Mean age was 9.3 years and there was a male predominance.

Results:

Most common clinical presentation was anemia and bleeding. Four children died before therapy was started. Cyclosporin-A was started in 40 patients. Eleven patients died before completion of therapy and three patients were lost to follow-up. Out of 26 patients who …

Tracing The Origin Of The Recent Rise In Neuropathogenic Ehv-1, Kathryn Laura Smith

University of Kentucky Master's Theses

Equine herpesvirus type-1(EHV-1) is a complex virus known for inducing various forms of disease in horses. In recent years, the number of cases of neurological disease caused by this virus has increased. While there are a number of possible sources for this recent surge, this project set out to determine if a genotypic shift in the latent population of the virus in favor of the neuropathogenic form of EHV-1 is the basis for the recent increase in frequency of EHV-1 neurologic disease. To ascertain if such a shift has in fact occurred, 450 EHV-1 isolates were obtained from fetal tissues …

Does Verbal Communication Impairment Affect Quality Of Life In Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Patients?, Jason Michael Duff

PCOM Psychology Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to examine the self-perceived QOL in ALS patients. Literature will be presented on the incidence, prevalence, prognosis, diagnosis and management of ALS, QOL studies for ALS, the role of the multidisciplinary team, the impairments and dysfunction that ALS patients experience, communication issues, and the development of ALS specific instruments to measure QOL. The "bulbar dysfunction" that ALS patients experience in salivation management, speech, and swallowing were examined in detail. The objectives of this research study were to investigate the following hypotheses: 1. QOL will differ among ALS patients with varying levels of speech, swallowing, …

The Health Of Patient Privacy: The Patient's Perspective On The Hipaa Protected Health Information, Deborah Lange-Kuitse

Dissertations

Problem

As healthcare entities continue to focus on HIPAA compliance, they must enforce policies that require patients to sign and express understanding of the organization’s privacy policies. It appears the patient’s perspective on healthcare privacy has not been considered within the HIPAA privacy ruling. Patients are healthcare consumers, yet little research has been done on assessing the individual consumer’s perspective on what Protected Health Information (PHI) is actually important to protect and from whom it is important to protect it.

Method

A quantitative survey was developed and distributed to the participants of the Carnegie group, an independent insurance firm in …

Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis: An Isolation Order, Public Health Powers, And A Global Crisis, David P. Fidler, Howard Markel, Lawrence O. Gostin

Articles by Maurer Faculty

No abstract provided.

Foreign Policy, Trade And Health: At The Cutting Edge Of Global Health Diplomacy, David P. Fidler, Nick Drager

Articles by Maurer Faculty

No abstract provided.

Governing Catastrophes: Security, Health And Humanitarian Assistance, David P. Fidler

Articles by Maurer Faculty

Recent catastrophes, and predictions of an increasing potential for more, have stimulated thinking about the best policy responses to these threats. This article explores how security concepts influence catastrophe governance. The article considers how globalization affects thinking about catastrophes and describes ways in which catastrophes have been conceptualized as governance challenges, such as the human rights approach to the provision of health and humanitarian assistance. The article explains how health and humanitarian assistance experienced ‘‘securitization’’ in the post-cold war period, a development that challenges rights-based strategies and creates complex and controversial implications for the prevention, protection and response functions of …

Sharing H5n1 Viruses To Stop A Global Influenza Pandemic, David P. Fidler, Laurie Garrett

Articles by Maurer Faculty

No abstract provided.

The Psychology Of Motivation In Sport, Nicholas Salomone

Whittier Scholars Program

The purpose of this paper is to give a general overview of motivation theory in sport psychology. Beginning with self-confidence in sport, the basic models will be presented, showing how each built upon the last to create a more and more comprehensive and reliable structure for the measurement and evaluation of motivational style. From there, the models of causal attribution, which have evolved from Heider’s 1958 unidimensional structure to Weiner’s revised multidimensional models, will be covered. Nicholls’ (1984) goal perspective theory will then be discussed with emphasis on types of goal orientation and their positive and negative connotations. The self-determination …

A Turner Syndrome Neurocognitive Phenotype Maps To Xp22.3., Andrew R Zinn, David Roeltgen, Gerry Stefanatos, Purita Ramos, Frederick F Elder, Harvey Kushner, Karen Kowal, Judith L Ross

Department of Pediatrics Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Turner syndrome (TS) is associated with a neurocognitive phenotype that includes selective nonverbal deficits, e.g., impaired visual-spatial abilities. We previously reported evidence that this phenotype results from haploinsufficiency of one or more genes on distal Xp. This inference was based on genotype/phenotype comparisons of individual girls and women with partial Xp deletions, with the neurocognitive phenotype considered a dichotomous trait. We sought to confirm our findings in a large cohort (n = 47) of adult women with partial deletions of Xp or Xq, enriched for subjects with distal Xp deletions. METHODS: Subjects were recruited from North American genetics and …

Optimization Of Biomathematical Model Predictions For Cognitive Performance Impairment In Individuals: Accounting For Unknown Traits And Uncertain States In Homeostatic And Circadian Processes, Hans P. A. Van Dongen, Christopher G. Mott, Jen-Kuang Huang, Daniel J. Mollicone, Frederic D. Mckenzie, David F. Dinges

Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering Faculty Publications

Current biomathematical models of fatigue and performance do not accurately predict cognitive performance for individuals with a priori unknown degrees of trait vulnerability to sleep loss, do not predict performance reliably when initial conditions are uncertain, and do not yield statistically valid estimates of prediction accuracy, These limitations diminish their usefulness for predicting the performance of individuals in operational environments. To overcome these 3 limitations, a novel modeling approach was developed, based on the expansion of a statistical technique called Bayesian forecasting. The expanded Bayesian forecasting procedure was implemented in the two-process model of sleep regulation, which has been used …

Confidence Intervals For Individualized Performance Models, Hans P. A. Van Dongen, Christopher G. Mott, Jen-Kuang Huang, Daniel J. Millicone, Frederic D. Mckenzie, David F. Dinges

Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering Faculty Publications

Commentary on Reifman J; Rajaraman S; Gribok AV. Moving Towards Individualized Performance Models. Sleep 2007;30(9):1081-82.

Behavioural Activation Treatment For Depression: A Review Of The Literature ; Effects Of A Brief Behavioural Activation Treatment On Activity Levels And Depression, Debra L. Bailey

Theses : Honours

Behavioural activation (BA) is an emergent psychological treatment for depression rooted in the tradition of behavioural theory. This paper discusses the manner in which BA arose as a result of the seminal Jacobson et al. (1996) study, which dismantled the behavioural and cognitive components of cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT; Beck, Rush, Shaw, & Emery, 1979). Published empirical studies examining the effectiveness of BA are reviewed and considerations for future research are offered. It is concluded that BA shows promise as a parsimonious, effective, and potentially cost-efficient psychological treatment for depression. However, more large-scale research is needed: in samples with low …

Depression, Rumination And Dependency In Relation To Age And Gender, Alison J. Lee

Theses : Honours

Extensive research has been carried out in the field of depression and its relation to age and gender. This article reviews relevant literature in the field of depression, rumination and dependency and the relationships of these to age and gender. It has been shown in numerous studies that depression, rumination and dependency are related and exist in comorbidity with each other. This article also reviews some of the research that has been conducted on age and gender with relation to rumination and dependency. It has been found in relation to rumination, dependency and depression that women are more susceptible than …

Assessment Of Static Balance Ability In An Athletic Pediatric Population, Cailyn Rogers

Theses : Honours

There is a large amount of conjecture surrounding the reliability of methods of balance assessment and the outcome variables used to assess balance in pediatric populations. There has also been limited research conducted on the balance ability of an athletic pediatric population, and the factors which may affect that ability. The purpose of this research is firstly to determine the reliability of postural sway measures used to assess balance including: average displacement of the centre of pressure in the mediolateral and anterior-posterior directions relative to both the centre of the plate and the centre of the base of support; peak …