Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Elder Research: Filling An Important Gap In Psychology And Law, Eve M. Brank

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

In the past few decades, psychology-law as a discipline has made great strides in understanding and guiding public policies on issues related to eyewitnesses, confessions, juries, judges, juveniles, the mentally ill, and many others. As a field, we have largely neglected the oldest subset of the population, with only a few scholars focusing specifically on elder issues or systematically including elders in their studies. The current article is a call to research. It first outlines why elders should be considered as a specific subset of the population even though they have not been an area of focus in the field. …

Uncovering The Methadone Counseling Process Among Recovering And Non Recovering Chemical Dependency Counselors, Sara-Amanda Mccarthy, Jennifer Ann Palmersheim

Theses Digitization Project

The purpose of this study was to uncover the methadone counseling process among recovering and non-recovering chemical dependency counselors by examining the concepts and techniques utilized throughout the counseling process. This study examined whether the recovery status of a counselor affected the counselor's theoretical addiction model and the concepts and techniques that were utilized throughout the counseling process.

A Feasibility Study For Establishing A Dedicated Breast Magnetic Resonance Imaging Center In The City Of Redlands, Hans Philip Saaty

Theses Digitization Project

This study is intended to determine the feasiblity of establishing a high-quality, free-standing MR imaging center dedicated to the breast in or about the City of Redlands.

Social Workers' Knowledge Of Substance Abuse, Mirta Escobedo Johnson

Theses Digitization Project

This study was designed to determine how knowledgeable child welfare social workers are of substance abuse when working with substance abusing clients. The results indicated that social workers within San Bernardino County have competent levels of knowledge in substance abuse which allow them to provide appropriate services to the community members they serve.

Using Therapy Dogs With Troubled Middle School Children To Improve Social Skills And Teach Environmental Sensitivity, Linda Sue Flanagan

Theses Digitization Project

The objective of this project is to impove the social skills of troubled middle school children by teaching them humane dog care as well as the handling and training skills of dogs. The hope is to use therapy dogs as a link to the local environment and the development of environmental sensitivity; and to improve the academic status and decrease any negative behaviors displayed by these children. Includes lesson plans.

Beyond Education: Improving The Prospects For Good Health, Stephanie Farquhar

Community Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

In this editorial the author focuses on the historical tension between individual responsibility and social accountability in public health programs.

Advancing Transdisciplinary And Translational Research Practice: Issues And Models Of Doctoral Education In Public Health, Linda Neuhauser, Dawn M. Richardson, Sonja Mackenzie, Meredith Minkler

Community Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

Finding solutions to complex health problems, such as obesity, violence, and climate change, will require radical changes in cross-disciplinary education, research, and practice. The fundamental determinants of health include many interrelated factors such as poverty, culture, education, environment, and government policies. However, traditional public health training has tended to focus more narrowly on diseases and risk factors, and has not adequately leveraged the rich contributions of sociology, anthropology, economics, geography, communication, political science, and other disciplines. Further, students are often not sufficiently trained to work across sectors to translate research findings into effective, large-scale sustainable actions. During the past 2 …

Effects Of Retinoic Acid On Beta-Catenin Transcriptional Activity In Melanoma Cells, Fung Chan

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Melanoma is the most dangerous form of skin cancer and its incidence has been increasing in the United States. Most melanomas are resistant to current chemotherapies; therefore, understanding the mechanism of melanomagenesis is beneficial to treatment of the diseases. Accumulation of β-catenin has been shown in colon and other cancers, including melanomas, but the transcriptional role of β-catenin in melanomas is still unclear. All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) is an anti-tumor agent that has an inhibitory effect on β-catenin, but this effect has not been studied in melanomas. It has been shown that Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), a melanocyte specific protein, …

No. 3: Linking Migration, Hiv/Aids And Urban Food Security In Southern And Eastern Africa, Jonathan Crush, Miriam Grant, Bruce Frayne

Southern African Migration Programme

This publication seeks to establish a background for understanding the complex and dynamic linkages between urbanization, migration, HIV/AIDS and urban food security in Southern and Eastern Africa (SEA). As urbanization accelerates, direct food transfers from rural areas are increasing as poor urban households seek to reduce their vulnerability to high food prices and a cash-intensive urban existence. At the same time, urban households or individual migrants remit money back to households in rural areas both inside and outside the country of employment. A significant proportion of remittances are used for consumption purposes, including the purchase of food. These processes are …

Humor And Laughter May Influence Health [Part] Iv. Humor And Immune Function, Mary Payne Bennett, Cecile Lengacher

Nursing Faculty Publications

This is the final article in a four part series reviewing the influence of humor and laughter on physiological and psychological well-being. This final article reviews the evidence for the effect of sense of humor, exposure to a humor stimulus and laughter on various immune system components, with a focus on the effects of laughter on natural killer cell cytotoxicity.

Humor And Laughter May Influence Health: [Part] Iii. Laughter And Health Outcomes, Mary Payne Bennett, Cecile Lengacher

Nursing Faculty Publications

This is part three of a four-part series reviewing the evidence on how humor influences physiological and psychological well-being. The first article included basic background information, definitions and a review of the theoretical underpinnings for this area of research. The second article discussed use of humor as a complementary therapy within various clinical samples, as well as evidence concerning how a sense of humor influences physiological and psychological wellbeing. This third article examines how laughter influences health outcomes; including muscle tension, cardio-respiratory functioning and various stress physiology

The Alaska Airlines Flight 261 Accident: A Systemic Analysis Of Functional Resonance, Rogier Woltjer, Erik Hollnagel

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2007

On January 31, 2000, Alaska Airlines flight 261, an MD-83, crashed into the Pacific Ocean; after airplane pitch control was lost as a result of the in-flight failure of the horizontal stabilizer trim system jackscrew assembly's acme nut threads (NTSB, 2003). Accident investigation revealed a wide range of human, technical, and organizational factors contributing to this tragic event, providing a case where popular linear models and methods have difficulty addressing the full complexity of the processes leading up to the accident. This paper treats each of the steps of analysis according to the Functional Resonance Accident Model (FRAM; Hollnagel, 2004), …

Impulsivity And The Reinforcing Value Of Cigarette Smoking, Neal Doran, Dennis E. Mcchargue, Lee Cohen

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

The present study tested the hypothesis that impulsivity would predict perceptions of positive and negative reinforcement from smoking. The secondary hypothesis was that the relationship between impulsivity and smoking reinforcement expectations would be mediated by the character trait of self-directedness. College students (n= 202) who reported smoking cigarettes participated in the survey study. Hierarchical regression analyses confirmed that impulsivity predicted expectations about positive (β = .22, p = .001) and negative (β = .25, p = .001) reinforcement from smoking. These relationships were also mediated by self-directedness. Results suggest that impulsive smokers in the early stages of dependence …

Granny, (Don’T) Get Your Gun: Competency Issues In Gun Ownership By Older Adults, Edith Greene, Brian H. Bornstein, Hannah Dietrich

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

This article explores the possible risks associated with gun ownership by older adults. We summarize existing regulations on who may own firearms, especially with respect to age. We then present data on older gun owners and violence committed by older adults in general, followed by a discussion of gun violence perpetrated by gun owners whose functional and cognitive abilities have declined, perhaps as a result of dementia. For comparison purposes, we review regulations on driving among older adults, drawing parallels to gun ownership. The paper concludes with recommendations for ensuring the safety of older gun owners and others, balanced against …

Cognitive Psychology And Survey Methodology: Nurturing The Continuing Dialogue Between Disciplines, Robert F. Belli, Frederick G. Conrad, Daniel B. Wright

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

For quite some time, survey researchers have sought to understand the causes of re¬sponse errors, that is the difference between what respondents report and the truth of their circumstances (O’Muircheartaigh, 1997). Within the past 20 years, a dialogue has emerged between cognitive psychologists and survey researchers to explore the role that cognition plays in response errors (Jabine, Straf, Tanur, & Tourangeau, 1984; Jobe & Mingay, 1991). The dialogue has been known as the cognitive aspects of survey methodology (CASM) movement. Of course, to survey researchers, the aim is to reduce response errors. By adopting perspectives and methods from cognitive psychology, …

Abuse And Dissociation Disorder, Myrtle Godfrey

Graduate Research Papers

Child sexual abuse is widely regarded as a cause of mental problems in adult life. The damage inflicted by child sexual abuse.has an affect on the child's capacity to develop trust, intimacy and sexuality. Sexually abused children not only encounter assaults on their developing sense of sexual identity, but a blow to their interpretation of the world as a safe environment, and their developing sense of others as trustworthy. In addition, childhood sexual abuse is correlated with higher levels of dissociation. (Fleming, J. & Mullen, P. E., 1998). Of the victims that were abused by someone with whom he or …

Introversion : Relationship With Mental Well-Being, Elizabeth A. Balder

Graduate Research Papers

This paper explores connections between introversion and decreased mental well-being. The author sought to discover whether introverts are more vulnerable to depressive symptoms than extroverts. Overall findings show introverts are more vulnerable than extroverts to depression and decreased mental well-being. Introverts are more likely to be compliant and have lower self-esteem than extroverts, and also have less social support than extroverts, which can be detrimental when experiencing depression. Western culture gives preference to extroverted individuals, which pressures introverts to attempt to change their personalities.

Public Health Performance, F. Douglas Scutchfield Md

Preventive Medicine and Environmental Health Presentations

No abstract provided.

Depression: Relationships To Sleep Paralysis And Other Sleep Disturbances In A Community Sample, Mariana Szklo-Coxe, Terry Young, Laurel Finn, Emmanuel Mignot

Community & Environmental Health Faculty Publications

Sleep disturbances are important correlates of depression, with epidemiologic research heretofore focused on insomnia and sleepiness. This epidemiologic study’s aim was to investigate, in a community sample, depression’s relationships to other sleep disturbances: sleep paralysis (SP), hypnagogic/hypnopompic hallucinations (HH), cataplexy – considered rapid eye movement-related disturbances – and automatic behavior (AB). Although typical of narcolepsy, these disturbances are prevalent, albeit under-studied, in the population. Cross-sectional analyses (1998–2002), based on Wisconsin Sleep Cohort Study population-based data from 866 participants (mean age 54, 53% male), examined: depression (Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale), trait anxiety (Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, STAI-T ≥ 75th percentile), and …

Ua60/5 Wku Dental Hygiene Class Of 2007, Wku Dental Hygiene

WKU Administration Documents

Members of the 2007 dental hygiene class: Lindsey Engler, historian; Kandess Thomas, secretary; Michelle Minton, vice president; Toynika Bailey, president; Vickie Froedge, treasurer; Kara Ford, SADA representative; Ashley Reed, historian; Alison Steele, class representative; Katie Crandall, class representative; Ricki Jo Fonfara, class representative; Kirby Mercer, Kasey Gabhart, Joie Gosser, Kristin Davis, Margaret Howard, Leslie Seals, Brittany Tackett, Amanda Roach, Marcie Carr, Angeline Ferris, Casie Nguyen, Lindsey King, Katharine Miles and Brooke Cox.

Sexual Behaviors & Stis Among Selfid Lesbi College Women.Pdf, Molly Kerby

Gender & Women's Studies Faculty Publications

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are a significant health issue for lesbian andbisexual women. Older age and having a history of sexual intercourse with males are primary riskfactors for STIs among this population. However, little research has been conducted to assess sexualrisk among lesbian and bisexual college women exclusively. A cross-sectional Internet survey wasconducted with 230 self-identified lesbian and bisexual female college students to examine their sexualrisk and to determine with which, if any, STIs they had ever been diagnosed. Eight percent of lesbianand bisexual college women reported ever being diagnosed with an STI; the human papillomavirus,bacterial vaginosis, and genital herpes …

Nevada Institute For Children's Research And Policy Legislative Bills-2007 Session, The Nevada Institute For Children’S Research And Policy

Nevada Institute for Children's Research and Policy Reports

Legislative Bills-2007 Session for Nevada Institute for Children's Research and Policy.

Expression Pattern Of Three-Finger Toxin And Phospholipase A2 Genes In The Venom Glands Of Two Sea Snakes, Lapemis Curtus And Acalyptophis Peronii: Comparison Of Evolution Of These Toxins In Land Snakes, Sea Kraits And Sea Snakes, Susanta Pahari, David Bickford, Bryan G. Fry, R. Manjunatha Kini

Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Publications

Background

Snake venom composition varies widely both among closely related species and within the same species, based on ecological variables. In terrestrial snakes, such variation has been proposed to be due to snakes' diet. Land snakes target various prey species including insects (arthropods), lizards (reptiles), frogs and toads (amphibians), birds (aves), and rodents (mammals), whereas sea snakes target a single vertebrate class (fishes) and often specialize on specific types of fish. It is therefore interesting to examine the evolution of toxins in sea snake venoms compared to that of land snakes.

Results

Here we describe the expression of toxin genes …

Nevada Institute For Children's Research And Policy Public Health Bills- 2007 Session - Final, Nevada Institute For Children's Research And Policy Reports

Nevada Institute for Children's Research and Policy Reports

Nevada Institute for Children's Research and Policy Public Health Bills- 2007 Session - Final

The Costs And Effects Of Workplace Accidents:20 Case Studies From Ireland, Victor Hrymak, Jose Perezgonzalez

Reports

Details on the circumstances costs and effects of 20 accidents from Ireland on injured parties and employers are presentred. The costs and effects are analysed and the results show the extensive range of costs and effects that accidents can have on employees and employers

Population Study Of The Variation In Monochromatic Aberrations Of The Normal Human Eye Over The Central Visual Field, Matthew Sheehan, Alexander Goncharov, Veronica O'Dwyer, Vincent Toal, Christopher Dainty

Articles

Abstract

We present data analysis for ocular aberrations of 60 normal eyes measured with a Hartmann-Shack (HS) wavefront sensor (WFS). Aberration measurements were made on-axis and at 5 degree field angles in the nasal, inferior, temporal and superior semi-meridians. Particular attention is given to aberration distributions and possible strategies for aberration correction are discussed. A versatile HS WFS was designed and constructed with features of simultaneous pupil centre determination, off-axis capability, real-time data displays, and efficient lenslet sampling orientation. The subject alignment is achieved by the use of a parallel channel that is recombined with the sensing channel to simultaneously …

An Hsus Report: Human Health Implications Of U.S. Live Bird Markets In The Spread Of Avian Influenza, The Humane Society Of The United States

Impact of Animal Agriculture

After millions of years of existing as a harmless infection of aquatic birds, some strains of avian flu have developed the ability to mutate into highly pathogenic forms that may not only be deadly for birds, but potentially more dangerous for humans as well. Experts from the World Health Organization, the World Organization for Animal Health, and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations have joined leading scientists in implicating industrialized poultry production for providing fertile ground for the transformation of benign bird flu into highly pathogenic strains.

Live bird markets can be the conduit by which waterfowl …

Their Bugs Are Worse Than Their Bite: Emerging Infectious Disease And The Human-Animal Interface, Michael Greger

State of the Animals 2007

In the twenty-five years since that announcement, what we now know as AIDS has killed 20 million people (National AIDS Trust 2005). Where did the AIDS virus— and other emerging diseases, such as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Ebola, mad cow— come from?

The Human/Animal Interface: Emergence And Resurgence Of Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Michael Greger

Transgenesis Collection

Emerging infectious diseases, most of which are considered zoonotic in origin, continue to exact a significant toll on society. The origins of major human infectious diseases are reviewed and the factors underlying disease emergence explored. Anthropogenic changes, largely in land use and agriculture, are implicated in the apparent increased frequency of emergence and reemergence of zoonoses in recent decades. Special emphasis is placed on the pathogen with likely the greatest zoonotic potential, influenzavirus A.

Dolphin-Assisted Therapy: More Flawed Data And More Flawed Conclusions, Lori Marino, Scott O. Lilienfeld

Animal-Assisted Therapy Collection

Dolphin-Assisted Therapy (DAT) is an increasingly popular choice of treatment for illness and developmental disabilities by providing participants with the opportunity to swim or interact with live captive dolphins. Two reviews of DAT (Marino and Lilienfeld [1998] and Humphries [2003]) concluded that there is no credible scientific evidence for the effectiveness of this intervention. In this paper, we offer an update of the methodological status of DAT by reviewing five peer-reviewed DAT studies published in the last eight years. We found that all five studies were methodologically flawed and plagued by several threats to both internal and construct validity. We …