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Articles 6571 - 6600 of 9767

Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences

Effects Of Vitamin A And /Beta-Carotene Injection On Levels Of Vitamin E And On Glutathione Peroxidase Activity In Pregnant Tuj Sheep, Nadi̇de Nabi̇l Kami̇loğlu, Ebru Beytut, Kutlay Gürbulak, Meti̇n Öğün Jan 2005

Effects Of Vitamin A And /Beta-Carotene Injection On Levels Of Vitamin E And On Glutathione Peroxidase Activity In Pregnant Tuj Sheep, Nadi̇de Nabi̇l Kami̇loğlu, Ebru Beytut, Kutlay Gürbulak, Meti̇n Öğün

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The objective of research was to study the effect of vitamin A and /beta-carotene injections, before breeding and during pregnancy, on the levels of vitamin E in plasma and on the activity of erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in sheep. Thirty-two healthy female and four healthy male Tuj sheep, 4-5 years old and weighing approximately 57 kg each, were used. The female animals were divided into 4 groups with 8 sheep in each. The oestrus cycles of the ewes were synchronised by the application of sponges containing medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) and by the intramuscular administration of 500 IU of PMSG. Twenty-four …

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Effect Of Lactobacillus Sakei Lb706 On Behavior Of Listeria Monocytogenes In Vacuum-Packed Rainbow Trout Fillets, Şükri̇ye Aras Hi̇sar, Güzi̇n Kaban, Olcay Hi̇sar, Telat Yanik, Mükerrem Kaya Jan 2005

Effect Of Lactobacillus Sakei Lb706 On Behavior Of Listeria Monocytogenes In Vacuum-Packed Rainbow Trout Fillets, Şükri̇ye Aras Hi̇sar, Güzi̇n Kaban, Olcay Hi̇sar, Telat Yanik, Mükerrem Kaya

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The effect of a bacteriocin-producing strain, Lactobacillus sakei Lb706, on the behavior of Listeria monocytogenes in rainbow trout fillets stored under vacuum at 4 ºC for 14 days and at 10 ºC for 5 days was investigated. At 4 ºC, growth of L. monocytogenes was significantly inhibited (P < 0.05) by L. sakei Lb706 during 10 days of storage while bacteriocin-negative Lb706-B did not affect the growth of L. monocytogenes during 14 days of storage. In the presence of the sakacin A-producing strain of L. sakei (Lb706), the growth of L. monocytogenes was significantly inhibited (P < 0.05) in the first 3 days of storage at 10 ºC, after which its count increased to 10^7 CFU/g. The control group and the group containing L. sakei Lb706-B showed similar growth patterns of L. monocytogenes. Significant increases (P < 0.05) were observed in all groups in terms of psychrotrophic bacteria counts. No significant (P > 0.05) changes in pH values during storage at 4 ºC and 10 ºC were determined. Consequently, the results of the present study showed that L. sakei Lb706 can be used as a protective culture in freshwater reared rainbow trout, especially for preventing possible contaminations of Gram-positive food-borne pathogenic bacteria such as L. …

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Reproductive Characteristics Of Holstein Cattle Reared In A Private Dairy Cattle Enterprise In Aydın, Mehmet Kenan Türkyilmaz Jan 2005

Reproductive Characteristics Of Holstein Cattle Reared In A Private Dairy Cattle Enterprise In Aydın, Mehmet Kenan Türkyilmaz

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this study was to investigate the reproductive performance and the factors influencing reproductive performance of Holstein cattle reared in a private dairy cattle enterprise. Over 10 years, 480 records on reproduction were analysed with the least squares technique. Mean days open, services per conception, gestation period and calving interval were 114.5 ± 1.7 days, 2.01 ± 0.04, 278.7 ± 0.3 days and 394.9 ± 1.9 days, respectively. The effect of the lactation number on the gestation period was statistically significant (P < 0.001), whereas calving year and calving season had no significant effect on reproductive performance.

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Distribution Of Antigen Types Of Canine Parvovirus Type 2 In Dogs With Hemorrhagic Enteritis In Turkey, Zeki̇ Yilmaz, Annamaria Pratelli, Serhat Torun Jan 2005

Distribution Of Antigen Types Of Canine Parvovirus Type 2 In Dogs With Hemorrhagic Enteritis In Turkey, Zeki̇ Yilmaz, Annamaria Pratelli, Serhat Torun

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The results of antigenic characterization of canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV2) isolated from the feces of 60 dogs with hemorrhagic enteritis are reported. Antigenic characterization was carried out by comparing the reactivity pattern of 4 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to CPV2 in the hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test. CPV2 was detected in 21 out of 60 dogs (35%) and antigenic typing was able to be performed for only 16 dogs with >=1:8 titers. Nine samples were characterized as CPV2a and 7 as CPV2b, indicating that the CPV2a variant was more common than CPV2b in dog populations in Bursa province in Turkey.

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Leiomyoma Localized On The Head Of A Goldfish (Carassius Auratus), Abdulkadi̇r Çi̇ltaş, Olcay Hi̇sar Jan 2005

Leiomyoma Localized On The Head Of A Goldfish (Carassius Auratus), Abdulkadi̇r Çi̇ltaş, Olcay Hi̇sar

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

A tumor structure, 2 x 2.5 x 0.7 cm in size, was observed on the top of a goldfish’s (Carassius auratus) head. On histopathological examination of the tumor tissue, palisadic fusiform smooth muscle cells constituting a focal whirling pattern were seen. No mitosis was observed in the cells. In conclusion, the conventional staining results suggested that the tumor was leiomyoma.

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Effects Of Dietary Lipids On Growth And Fatty Acid Composition In Russian Sturgeon (Acipenser Gueldenstaedtii) Juveniles, Erdal Şener, Mustafa Yildiz, Esra Savaş Jan 2005

Effects Of Dietary Lipids On Growth And Fatty Acid Composition In Russian Sturgeon (Acipenser Gueldenstaedtii) Juveniles, Erdal Şener, Mustafa Yildiz, Esra Savaş

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Juvenile Russian sturgeon (Acipenser gueldenstaedtii) fed feeds including fish oil, soybean oil and sunflower oil were researched and the effects of the feeds on the growth performance and fatty acid composition of the fish were studied. In the Sapanca Inland Waters Research and Experiment Department of İstanbul University's Faculty of Fisheries, sturgeon juveniles having an approximate initial weight of 27.23 ± 0.98 g were fed experimental feeds containing different kinds of oil for 63 days. Weight gain was 36.83 ± 1.84 g in the fish oil group, 37.63 ± 1.76 g in the sunflower oil group and 32.91 ± 1.93 …

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Purification And Characterization Of Glutathione Reductase From Sheep Liver, Göktuğ Ulusu, Mustafa Erat, Mehmet Çi̇ftçi̇, Hali̇s Şaki̇roğlu, Ebubeki̇r Bakan Jan 2005

Purification And Characterization Of Glutathione Reductase From Sheep Liver, Göktuğ Ulusu, Mustafa Erat, Mehmet Çi̇ftçi̇, Hali̇s Şaki̇roğlu, Ebubeki̇r Bakan

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Glutathione reductase (Glutathione: NADP^+ oxidoreductase, EC 1.8.1.7; GR) was purified from sheep liver. The purification included 4 steps: preparation of homogenate, ammonium sulfate fractionation, 2', 5'-ADP Sepharose-4B affinity chromatography, and gel filtration chromatography. GR was obtained with a yield of 14.1% having a specific activity of 47.27 EU/mg proteins. Optimal pH, stable pH, and optimal temperature were 8.0, 5.5, and 60 °C, respectively. K_M and V_max values for NADPH and GSSG substrates were 0.0258 and 0.0239 mM, and 0.266 and 0.255 EU/ml, respectively. The overall purification was about 1477-fold for liver GR. The enzyme activity was measured spectrophotometrically at 340 …

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Some Productive Characteristics Of F_1, B_1 And F_{1}Xb_{1} Crossbreeds From Simmental X Sar Crossbreeding, Mehmet N. Orman, Okan Ertuğrul, Orhan Alpan Jan 2005

Some Productive Characteristics Of F_1, B_1 And F_{1}Xb_{1} Crossbreeds From Simmental X Sar Crossbreeding, Mehmet N. Orman, Okan Ertuğrul, Orhan Alpan

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

South Anatolian Red (SAR) cattle are well adapted to the arid, hot and harsh conditions of the region and have the highest milk yield among the local breeds in Turkey. The purpose of this study was to determine the main productive characteristics, such as viability, reproduction and milk production, of F_1, B_1 and F_{1}XB_{1} crossbred genotype groups from Simmental x SAR crossbreeding. A t test was used for 2 group comparisons. In cases of insufficient numbers of variants in the groups Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests were used where appropriate. There was no difficulty during birth in any of the …

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Immunohistochemical Localization Of Fsh Cells In The Pars Distalis Of The Pituitary Gland In Five-Month-Old Laying Hens, Hati̇ce Erdost Jan 2005

Immunohistochemical Localization Of Fsh Cells In The Pars Distalis Of The Pituitary Gland In Five-Month-Old Laying Hens, Hati̇ce Erdost

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The present study was performed to determine the structural differences and immunohistochemical distribution of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) producing cells in the pars distalis region of the pituitary glands of 5 month-old laying hens, using the labeled avidin-biotin method. Hens begin to lay eggs at approximately the age of 5 months. It was observed that gonadotrophic cells containing FSH were present in both the cephalic and caudal zones and were densely distributed throughout the pars distalis. They appeared to be arranged in either cords or follicles in which branching and anastomosing occurred as well as being found as separate cells. The …

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The Prevalence Of Cryptosporidium Parvum In Lambs Around Konya, Ferda Sevi̇nç, Uğur Uslu, Özlem Deri̇nbay Jan 2005

The Prevalence Of Cryptosporidium Parvum In Lambs Around Konya, Ferda Sevi̇nç, Uğur Uslu, Özlem Deri̇nbay

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study was conducted between January and May 2003 in small-holder sheep farms in Konya. A total of 471 faecal specimens obtained from 1-60 - day-old lambs were examined for the oocysts and coproantigens of Cryptosporidium parvum by Modified Ziehl Neelsen (MZN) staining technique and ELISA. The oocysts and coproantigens of C. parvum were identified in 14 (2.97%) and 43 (9.13%) of the 471 lambs, respectively. The infected lambs examined in the study were asymptomatically infected with C. parvum.

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An Abattoir Survey Of Gastro-Intestinal Nematodes In Sheep In The Burdur Region, Turkey, Şi̇nasi̇ Umur, Bayram Ali̇ Yukari Jan 2005

An Abattoir Survey Of Gastro-Intestinal Nematodes In Sheep In The Burdur Region, Turkey, Şi̇nasi̇ Umur, Bayram Ali̇ Yukari

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The gastro-intestinal (GI) organs of 50 sheep randomly selected from local abattoirs in the Burdur region were investigated between September 2000 and August 2001 for the prevalence of GI nematodes and their larval forms and the seasonal fluctuations of these parasites. All the animals examined were infected (100%) with GI nematodes. Twenty-two nematode species were identified and 38,639 nematodes were collected from the infected sheep. The number of parasites per sheep ranged from 11 to 5052 (mean 772.78), while the number of nematode species per animal ranged from 1 to 12 (mean 5.98). The most frequently detected nematodes in the …

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Determination Of Reduced Glutathion, Glutathione -S-Transferase And Selenium Levels In Goose Liver Cells With Damage Induced By Carbon Tetrachloride And Ethanol, Aysel Güven, Necati̇ Kaya Jan 2005

Determination Of Reduced Glutathion, Glutathione -S-Transferase And Selenium Levels In Goose Liver Cells With Damage Induced By Carbon Tetrachloride And Ethanol, Aysel Güven, Necati̇ Kaya

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The pathological effects of different doses of carbon tetrachloride (CCl_4) and ethyl alcohol (C_{2}H_{5}OH) on reduced glutathione (GSH) and selenium (Se) levels, and on glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activity in the livers of geese were examined and compared. The experiments were carried out on 3-week-old clinically healthy geese (Anser anser) weighing 200 - 250 g (40 animals), divided into control and experimental groups of 10 animals each. Group I was the control group; groups II and III were given 1 ml/kg CCl_4 and 1.5 ml/kg body weight (bw) CCl_4, respectively; and group IV was given 5 ml/kg bw 50% ethanol. The treatment …

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Investigations On Drift-Net Fishery For Swordfish (Xiphias Gladius L.) In The Aegean Sea, Okan Akyol, Mustafa Erdem, Vahdet Ünal, Tevfi̇k Ceyhan Jan 2005

Investigations On Drift-Net Fishery For Swordfish (Xiphias Gladius L.) In The Aegean Sea, Okan Akyol, Mustafa Erdem, Vahdet Ünal, Tevfi̇k Ceyhan

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study reports an investigation carried out on swordfish drift-net fishery at 2 main swordfish fishing ports, Sivrice (northern) and Fethiye (southern), in the Aegean Sea in 2001-2002. Forty-five boats are used for swordfish fishing in the Turkish Aegean Sea. In these major areas, the highest number of boats 6-10 m in length and 11.5-80 hp in engine power was in the Sivrice area, while the highest number 10-14 m in length and 85-135 hp in engine power was in the Fethiye area. Almost all of the boats were made of wood. Swordfish drift-netting accurs in practice between Sivrice and …

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Evaluation Of Echocardiographic Examination Findings In Dogs With Mitral Valve Prolapse, Murat Ki̇bar, Melahat Toker, Savaş Öztürk Jan 2005

Evaluation Of Echocardiographic Examination Findings In Dogs With Mitral Valve Prolapse, Murat Ki̇bar, Melahat Toker, Savaş Öztürk

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The present study was performed to investigate the prevalence of mitral valve prolapse (MVP) in dogs, and to evaluate protrusive changes in the mitral valve by echocardiographic examination. Thirty-five dogs were examined, including those observed clinically normal, and animals with suspected cardiac disease displaying lethargy, coughing, dyspnea, exercise intolerance, or syncope. The echocardiographic examination revealed 19 (54.2%) of the dogs to have MVP, whereas 16 (45.7%) had a normal mitral valve. It was concluded that the degree of protrusion of the mitral valve in systole differs in individual dogs with mitral prolapse. MVP, determined to be widespread in dogs, can …

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Effects Of Salinity On The Osmoregulatory Functions Of The Gills In Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus), Yusuf Güner, Osman Özden, Haşmet Çağirgan, Muhammet Altunok, Volkan Kizak Jan 2005

Effects Of Salinity On The Osmoregulatory Functions Of The Gills In Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus), Yusuf Güner, Osman Özden, Haşmet Çağirgan, Muhammet Altunok, Volkan Kizak

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Changes in branchial Na^+-K^+-ATPase activity, and the number and size of chloride cells resulting from the transfer of fish into seawater were investigated in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) (22.03 -+ 0.91 g), which were transferred to full strength seawater (36‰) directly and for 14 days. Whole mortality occurred when the tilapia were transferred into seawater directly. That is, no acclimation was allowed. Branchial chloride cell numbers decreased after seawater exposure, whereas a gradual increase was observed in chloride cell sizes. However, the chloride cells of seawater-adapted individuals showed a 2-fold increase in size (P < 0.05). Initially 5‰ and 10‰ salinity resulted in lowered branchial Na^+-K^+-ATPase activity but then this activity increased and the highest activity was at 25‰ salinity (P < 0.01). This study demonstrated the effects of high salinity through direct and gradual acclimations on branchial Na^+-K^+-ATPase activity and chloride cell abundance.

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A Study On The Presence Of Leucocytozoonosis In Wild Birds Of Burdur District, Özlem Özmen, Mehmet Haligür, Bayram Ali̇ Yukari Jan 2005

A Study On The Presence Of Leucocytozoonosis In Wild Birds Of Burdur District, Özlem Özmen, Mehmet Haligür, Bayram Ali̇ Yukari

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

From 2000 to 2004, 53 wild birds (16 pigeons, 16 quails, 10 pheasants, 4 partridges, 3 stock doves, and 1 ibis, peacock, owl chick and falcon) were examined grossly and microscopically at the Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Akdeniz. Thirty-seven of these birds were dead. Blood samples were taken from the 16 live birds before euthanasia. Tissue samples were also taken for histopathological examination during the necropsies. Leucocytozoon marchouxi was diagnosed in 5 pigeons during the microscopic examinations of blood samples and tissue sections, whereas 1 owl chick died from acute severe L. ziemanni infection.

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Effect Of Dietary Hazelnut Meal Supplementation On The Meat Composition Of Quails, Suzan Yalçin, Fatma Oğuz, Saki̇ne Yalçin Jan 2005

Effect Of Dietary Hazelnut Meal Supplementation On The Meat Composition Of Quails, Suzan Yalçin, Fatma Oğuz, Saki̇ne Yalçin

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary hazelnut meal supplementation on the meat composition of quails. A total of 312 one-day-old Japanese quail chicks (Coturnix coturnix japonica) were divided into 6 equal groups. Six different levels of hazelnut meal (0%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% and 30%) were included in their diets. At the end of the 5-week experiment, 12 quails (6 male and 6 female) were slaughtered from each group at random. The levels of dry matter, protein, fat, ash and some mineral elements of the meat were determined. The values of protein, ash, energy, calcium, phosphorus, …

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Evaluation Of The Corpus Luteum Size Throughout The Cycle By Ultrasonography And Progesterone Assay In Cows, Vi̇sal Kayacik, M. Rifat Salmanoğlu, Bülent Polat, Abdurrahman Özlüer Jan 2005

Evaluation Of The Corpus Luteum Size Throughout The Cycle By Ultrasonography And Progesterone Assay In Cows, Vi̇sal Kayacik, M. Rifat Salmanoğlu, Bülent Polat, Abdurrahman Özlüer

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The purpose of this study was to assess the correlation between the sizes of the corpus luteum (CL) with or without a cavity throughout the estrous cycle and progesterone (P_4) levels in cows. Images of the CL were obtained by ultrasonography at intervals of 24 h in 10 Holstein cows after their first postpartum estrus. Progesterone levels were measured by radioimmunassay (RIA). The duration of the estrous cycle was determined to be short (13 days), normal (approximately 22 days) and long (30 days) in 1, 7, and 2 cows, respectively. Measurements were evaluated based on the established cycle durations. The …

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Pathological Findings In Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss Walbaum, 1792) Experimentally Infected With Yersinia Ruckeri, Hamdi̇ Avci, Serap Bi̇ri̇nci̇oğlu Jan 2005

Pathological Findings In Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss Walbaum, 1792) Experimentally Infected With Yersinia Ruckeri, Hamdi̇ Avci, Serap Bi̇ri̇nci̇oğlu

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this study was to evaluate the pathological findings in rainbow trout experimentally infected with Yersinia ruckeri. For this purpose, 42 [1 control group (10 fish) and 1 experimental group (32 fish)] of rainbow trout were used. Yersinia ruckeri serotype I (R0072) at a concentration of 3 x 10^6 cfu/ml (0.1 ml per fish) was intraperitoneally injected into the experimental group, whereas the control group was subjected to the same volume of sterile saline. Following the intraperitoneal injection, between 4 and 26 days, fish that died due to natural infection and those killed were necropsied and macroscopic and …

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Using Ammonia Nitrogen Excretion Rates As An Index For Evaluating Protein Quality Of Prawns In Turbot (Psetta Maeotica) Nutrition, Murat Yi̇ği̇t, Sebahatti̇n Ergün, Ali̇ Türker, Burcu Karaali̇, Sabri̇ Bi̇lgi̇n Jan 2005

Using Ammonia Nitrogen Excretion Rates As An Index For Evaluating Protein Quality Of Prawns In Turbot (Psetta Maeotica) Nutrition, Murat Yi̇ği̇t, Sebahatti̇n Ergün, Ali̇ Türker, Burcu Karaali̇, Sabri̇ Bi̇lgi̇n

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Total ammonia nitrogen excretion rates were measured in Black Sea turbot (averaging 88.8 g) to compare the protein quality of prawns, the natural food of turbot, with that of the protein source commonly used in the feed industry, i.e. anchovy meal. Two different prawn species (Baltic prawn, Palaemon adspersus, and rockpool prawn, Palaemon elegans) were offered to fish as wet feed at 17.5 ± 0.5 ºC and a salinity of 17 ppt. Furthermore, for determination of the effects of wet feed and dry feed on the peak times of ammonia nitrogen excretion rates, another experimental group of fish was offered …

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Molecular Characterization Of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Complex Isolates From Wild Ungulates In South-Central Spain, Christian Gortazar, Joaquín Vicente, Sofia Samper, Joseba M. Garrido, Isabel Fernandez-De-Mera, Patricia Gavín, Ramón A. Juste, Carlos Martín, Pelayo Acevedo, Manuel De La Puentea, Ursula Höflea Jan 2005

Molecular Characterization Of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Complex Isolates From Wild Ungulates In South-Central Spain, Christian Gortazar, Joaquín Vicente, Sofia Samper, Joseba M. Garrido, Isabel Fernandez-De-Mera, Patricia Gavín, Ramón A. Juste, Carlos Martín, Pelayo Acevedo, Manuel De La Puentea, Ursula Höflea

Michigan Bovine Tuberculosis Bibliography and Database

The role of European wild ungulates in the epidemiology of tuberculosis (TB) is still under discussion. This study describes the geographical distribution and molecular typing of 77 Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex isolates belonging either to M. bovis or to M. caprae, cultivated from hunter harvested red deer (Cervus elaphus) and European wild boar (Sus scrofa) in 24 Spanish localities, and compares them with spoligotypes detected previously in humans, livestock or wild animals, as described in the literature. The distribution of the molecular type patterns suggests that the population of M. tuberculosis complex strains isolated from Spanish …

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Use Of An Electronic Nose To Diagnose Mycobacterium Bovis Infection In Badgers And Cattle, R. Fend, R. Geddes, S. Lesellier, H.-M. Vordermeier, L. A. L. Corner, E. Gormley, E. Costello, R. G. Hewinson, D. J. Marlin, A. C. Woodman, M. A. Chambers Jan 2005

Use Of An Electronic Nose To Diagnose Mycobacterium Bovis Infection In Badgers And Cattle, R. Fend, R. Geddes, S. Lesellier, H.-M. Vordermeier, L. A. L. Corner, E. Gormley, E. Costello, R. G. Hewinson, D. J. Marlin, A. C. Woodman, M. A. Chambers

Michigan Bovine Tuberculosis Bibliography and Database

It is estimated that more than 50 million cattle are infected with Mycobacterium bovis worldwide, resulting in severe economic losses. Current diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) in cattle relies on tuberculin skin testing, and when combined with the slaughter of test-positive animals, it has significantly reduced the incidence of bovine TB. The failure to eradicate bovine TB in Great Britain has been attributed in part to a reservoir of the infection in badgers (Meles meles). Accurate and reliable diagnosis of infection is the cornerstone of TB control. Bacteriological diagnosis has these characteristics, but only with samples collected postmortem. Unlike …

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Hidden Effects Of Chronic Tuberculosis In African Buffalo, Anna E. Jolles, David V. Cooper, Simon A. Levin Jan 2005

Hidden Effects Of Chronic Tuberculosis In African Buffalo, Anna E. Jolles, David V. Cooper, Simon A. Levin

Michigan Bovine Tuberculosis Bibliography and Database

Infectious diseases can bring about population declines and local host extinctions, contributing significantly to the global biodiversity crisis. Nonetheless, studies measuring population-level effects of pathogens in wild host populations are rare, and taxonomically biased toward avian hosts and macroparasitic infections. We investigated the effects of bovine tuberculosis (bTB), caused by the bacterial pathogen Mycobacterium bovis, on African buffalo (Syncerus caffer) at Hluhluwe-iMfolozi Park, South Africa. We tested 1180 buffalo for bTB infection between May 2000 and November 2001. Most infections were mild, confirming the chronic nature of the disease in buffalo. However, our data indicate that bTB …

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Wildlife-Cattle Interactions In Northern Michigan: Implications For The Transmission Of Bovine Tuberculosis, Jerry Alan Hill Jan 2005

Wildlife-Cattle Interactions In Northern Michigan: Implications For The Transmission Of Bovine Tuberculosis, Jerry Alan Hill

Michigan Bovine Tuberculosis Bibliography and Database

Bovine tuberculosis (Mycobacterium bovis) was discovered in northern Michigan white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in 1994, and has been known to exist in Michigan cattle herds since 1998. Despite efforts to eradicate the disease in cattle, infection and re-infection of farms continues to occur, suggesting transmission among cattle, deer, or other wildlife reservoirs. The goals of this study were to document wildlife activity on farms and evaluate the possible role wildlife play in the ecology of bovine tuberculosis (TB) in Michigan. Visual observations were conducted on farms in a 5-county area of northern Michigan to document direct …

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Mycobacterium Avium Subsp. Paratuberculosis From Free-Ranging Deer And Rabbits Surrounding Minnesota Dairy Herds, Eran A. Raizman, Scott J. Wells, Peter A. Jordan, Glenn D. Delgiudice, Russell R. Bey Jan 2005

Mycobacterium Avium Subsp. Paratuberculosis From Free-Ranging Deer And Rabbits Surrounding Minnesota Dairy Herds, Eran A. Raizman, Scott J. Wells, Peter A. Jordan, Glenn D. Delgiudice, Russell R. Bey

Michigan Bovine Tuberculosis Bibliography and Database

The objectives of this study were to estimate the prevalence of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) among deer and rabbits surrounding infected and noninfected Minnesota dairy farms using fecal culture, and to describe the frequency that farm management practices were used that could potentially lead to transmission of infection between these species. Fecal samples from cows and the cow environment were collected from 108 Minnesota dairy herds, and fecal pellets from free-ranging white-tailed deer and eastern cottontail rabbits were collected from locations surrounding 114 farms; all samples were tested using bacterial culture. In addition, a questionnaire was administered to 114 …

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Characterizing The Health Status Of The Louisiana Gopher Tortoise (Gopherus Polyphemus), Orlando Diaz-Figueroa Jan 2005

Characterizing The Health Status Of The Louisiana Gopher Tortoise (Gopherus Polyphemus), Orlando Diaz-Figueroa

LSU Master's Theses

Gopher tortoise (Gopherus polyphemus) populations have experienced precipitous declines from habitat loss, and human and disease related mortality. The goal of this study was to characterize the health status of free-ranging Louisiana gopher tortoises. Gopher tortoises were collected during two distinct trapping seasons: fall (August-October 2002) and spring (April-June 2003). Captured tortoises were given a physical exam and the carapace and plastron length and width, weight, and body temperature were recorded. Blood was collected from the subcarapacial vein and submitted for the following testing procedures: complete blood count, plasma chemistry, infectious disease serology (Mycoplasma), and toxicologic screen (copper, mercury, zinc, …

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Post-Breeding Endometritis After Low Dose Insemination In The Mare, Marí­A Soledad Ferrer Jan 2005

Post-Breeding Endometritis After Low Dose Insemination In The Mare, Marí­A Soledad Ferrer

LSU Master's Theses

Hysteroscopic insemination in mares with delayed uterine clearance (DUC mares) is controversial. While some authors proposed that insemination with a reduced volume and number of spermatozoa may reduce post-mating endometritis, others proposed that the hysteroscopic procedure is inflammatory and should not be used in DUC mares. The overall objectives of this study were to evaluate the incidence and severity of post-mating endometritis in reproductively normal and DUC mares after hysteroscopic insemination at the uterotubal junction, and to determine if hysteroscopic insemination could be used in DUC mares to reduce post-mating endometritis. The mares were classified as normal or DUC based …

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Neural Stem Cells As A Delivery Vector For Chemokine Expression In The Central Nervous System, Mark Winston Stalder Jan 2005

Neural Stem Cells As A Delivery Vector For Chemokine Expression In The Central Nervous System, Mark Winston Stalder

LSU Master's Theses

Increased expression of cytokines and chemokines in the central nervous system (CNS) is closely associated with the development of retroviral-induced neurological diseases such as HIV-associated dementia, as well as other neuropathologies such as Alzheimer’s Disease and Multiple Sclerosis. The specific functions of many of these pro-inflammatory factors have yet to be elucidated in the disease process, and it is unclear whether the nature of their effects is protective, pathogenic, or both. Additionally, current models of chemokine function have inherent limitations, with direct injection resulting in a brief response that doesn’t accurately represent the effects of chronic production, and transgenic mice …

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Cytokines And Aeroallergens In The Pathogenesis Of Summer-Pasture Associated Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Effects On Endothelin Production, Neutrophil Activation And Chemotaxis, Lais Rosa Rodrigues Costa Jan 2005

Cytokines And Aeroallergens In The Pathogenesis Of Summer-Pasture Associated Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Effects On Endothelin Production, Neutrophil Activation And Chemotaxis, Lais Rosa Rodrigues Costa

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Summer pasture-associated obstructive pulmonary disease (SPAOPD), a naturally occurring airway disease of horses, is characterized by clinical exacerbation associated with exposure to pasture environment during the summer. Aeroallergens are believed to trigger exacerbation of SPAOPD, cytokines are likely associated with the anamnestic response to aeroallergens, and endothelin (ET)-1 is a potential mediator of airway obstruction. The goal of this dissertation was to describe and explore the interaction of aeroallergens triggering inflammation and T lymphocytes cytokine profile with the recruitment and activation of neutrophils and synthesis of ET-1 by mononuclear leukocytes and airway epithelial cells. The temporal pattern of clinical exacerbation …

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Voluntary Exercise In The C57b1/6j Mouse: Phenotypic Effects Of Varying Dietary Fat Levels And Hippocampal Gene Expression Differences Between High-Level And Low-Level Exercisers, Leslie Debardeleben Mclaughlin Jan 2005

Voluntary Exercise In The C57b1/6j Mouse: Phenotypic Effects Of Varying Dietary Fat Levels And Hippocampal Gene Expression Differences Between High-Level And Low-Level Exercisers, Leslie Debardeleben Mclaughlin

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

The drive to exercise voluntarily likely results from complex interactions between genes in many organ systems and various psychological parameters, such as motivation and the perception of fatigue. Reproducible variations in exercise intensity and duration are well established in laboratory rodents, but the genes responsible remain largely unknown. Also, to date, studies addressing the adaptive changes to exercise that might prevent dietary-induced obesity have focused primarily on energy intake and nutrient oxidation/partitioning, as opposed to genetics. We hypothesize that increased voluntary physical activity may be a normal mechanism in certain rodent strains to deter dietary-induced obesity and that in an …

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