Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Ophthalmology Snapshot, Nalinee Tuntivanich

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

What Is Your Diagnosis, Pranee Tuntivanich, Suwicha Chuthatep

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

The Antinociceptive Effects Of Tramadol On The Thermal Threshold Response In Cats, Saowanee Jiwlawat, Sumit Durongphongtorn

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The study is of the antinociceptive effects of tramadol on the thermal threshold response in eight cats using athermal threshold-testing device which contained a heater element and a temperature sensor placed on the shavedlateral thoracic area. Each cat randomly received an intramuscular administration of tramadol 2 mg/kg, morphine 0.2mg/kg and saline 0.04 ml/kg (placebo) at a weekly interval from an observer unaware of the treatment. The thermalthresholds were measured and recorded by activation of the heater until the cat showed a positive response (e.g. skinflicks, turning and looking at the probe and jumping forwards). Three baseline measurements were made at …

Seminal Plasma Mda Concentrations Correlating Negatively With Semen Quality In Asian Elephants, Sitthawee Thongtipsiridech, Podjana Imrat, Thanida Srihawong, Sittidet Mahasawangkul, Chanin Tirawattanawanich, Kulnasan Saikhun

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The aim of this study was to determine whether lipid peroxidation is correlated with semen quality in Asianelephant bulls. Malondialdehyde (MDA) in seminal plasma from ejaculates with varying percentages of progressivemotility was measured using Thiobarbituric Acid method. Correlation between the MDA levels and percentages ofprogressive motility and normal morphology were performed. Results revealed that the MDA levels weresignificantly negative, which correlated (p<0.05) with the percentages of progressive motility and normal morphology(R=0.2131 and 0.1685, respectively). The results also showed that the MDA levels were significantly differencebetween each bull (p<0.01). Furthermore, when the ejaculates were grouped according to motility scores into twogroups; low- (<40%) and high-percentage of progressive motility (>40%), a significant difference was detectedbetween the MDA means (±SD) of the low- (20.7±11.4 nmol/ml) and high-percentages of progressive motility(14.4±7.8 nmol/ml) groups. The results obtained from this study suggested that MDA could be a potential parameterapplicable for the …

Respiratory Hypocapnia At Different Stages Of Lactation During Long-Term Exogenous Bovine Somatotropin In Crossbred Holstein Cattle In The Tropic, Sumpun Thammacharoen, Siripen Komolvanich, Somchai Chanpongsang, Narongsak Chaiyabutr

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of long-term administration of recombinant bovinesomatotropin (rbST) on the acid-base homeostasis of lactating crossbred cows under hot and humid condition ofThailand. Two groups of five animals each of primiparous crossbred dairy cattle were supplemented either with rbSTor with control vehicle every 14 days throughout the period of lactation. The blood gas parameters, milk yield andfeed intake from both groups were recorded at each stage of lactation. Cows supplemented with rbST showed milddegree of acid-base imbalance during early to mid lactation. The lower partial pressure of carbon dioxide (paCO2) andplasma bicarbonate …

Ultrasound Diagnosis, Phiwipha Kamonrat

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

Aquapuncture Using Vitamin B Complex On Intraocular Pressure In Two Dogs With Cataracts And Low Intraocular Pressure, Wei-Yau Shia, Yun-Hsia Hsiao, Ming-Wei Lee, Li-Shiue Shiu, Shiun-Long Lin, Wei-Ming Lee

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Two mixed breed dogs, aged 13 years old and 12 years old, with low intraocular pressure are described.These dogs presented with low intraocular pressure (IOP) and cataract. Cataracts were treated for one year by VTPhak®. For the IOP, it was 6 mmHg in both eyes of dog A and 8 mmHg in both eyes of dog B. According to ourevaluation and based on owner’s consent, the dogs should be treated with aquaupuncture using vitamin B complexevery two weeks. Thereafter, the intraocular pressure of these two dogs was evaluated every two months. The localacupoints were BL-1 (Jing Ming), BL-2 (Cuan Zhu), …

Retrospective Histopathological Study Of Hemorrhagic Lesion Of Coumarin Intoxication In Dogs, Theerayuth Kaewamatawong, Acharawan Lohavanijaya, Piyawan Charoenlertkul, Supatra Srichairat

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Anticoagulant rodenticide, especially coumarin derivative, is the most common cause of companion animalintoxication. Retrospective pathological examination was performed on 10 dogs suspected to be intoxicated withanticoagulant rodenticides. Coumarin derivatives, cause of intoxication, were confirmed by toxicologicalidentification using thin layer chromatography technique and spectral analysis. Macroscopically and microscopically,all cases showed generalized hemorrhages in various organs. Microscopic examination of hemorrhagic scores of liver,kidneys, intestines, heart, and lungs were 2.28+1.94, 2±2, 1±1.63, 0.8±1.68, and 1.1+2.32, respectively. Highesthemorrhagic score of the liver indicated that it suffered the most hemorrhagic effects related to anticoagulantrodenticides. The important factors might be high blood supply, function of metabolization …

Prevalence Of Mycoplasma Wenyonii Infection On Seven Dairy Farms In Shanghai, China, Yuan Congli, Ying Hong, Zhang Zhonghai, Yang Zhibiao, Cui Li, Zhu Jianguo, Hua Xiuguo

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Mycoplasma wenyonii (M. Wenyonii) was studied by PCR and blood smear staining in 197 cows. Clinical signsand hematological parameters of all tested cows were collected. Results confirmed that 31% populations werepositive of M. wenyonii infection. Statistical analysis revealed that the cows of 2-4 years old were most susceptible. Noclinical sings were found to be significantly associated with the infection. The infection also did not result in anemiabased on hematological investigation that only showed elevation of WBC counts in infected cows. Sequence analysisof the partial 16S rRNA gene showed that three different representative strains were confirmed in the present study.

Evaluation Of Cardboard Coated With Natural Substances In Combination With Ink On Rat Repellency, Sarinee Kalandakanond-Thongsong, Suwaporn Daendee, Boonrit Thongsong, Vivat Chavananikul

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

An effective repellent for rodent-proof cardboard-container is considered interesting especially in packagingand transport business as rat usually gnaws through the container, resulting in food deterioration or goods loss.Rodenticide usage is a common approach for rodent control; however, most rodenticides are poisonous to man aswell as to the rats. Therefore, preferably the usage of non-toxic rat repellent is an interesting alternative. In this study,various natural extracts, i.e. wintergreen oil, chilli, peppermint oil, bergamot oil and geranium oil, which had beenshown to repel rats when apply singly or in combination, were mixed with ink, coated on cardboard before beingplaced in circular open …

Effects Of Erythropoietin On Blood Pressure, Renal Function And Red Blood Cell Production In Dogs With Chronic Kidney Disease With And Without Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor, Sujittra Ritthikulprasert, Metinee Rodphol, Adthaphonl Nimrotham, Saikaew Sattayatham, Siripen Komolvanich, Monkon Trisiriroj, Chollada Buranakarl

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Blood pressure, renal function, urinary protein excretion and red blood cell count were measured in 29 dogswith chronic kidney disease which received hormone recombinant human Erythropoietin (rHuEPO). The experimentwas divided into 2 parts. Parts 1 comprised 3 groups of dogs. Group 1 dogs were studied prior to erythropoietin(EPO) injection (pre-EPO). Group 2 dogs received EPO 100 U/kg 2-3 times a week. Group 3 dogs received both EPOand angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor which was enalapril 5 mg/kg/daily. The duration of medication wasbetween 7 to 40 days. In part 2 of the experiment, all parameters were measured in the same dogs before …

Immune Evasion Of Porcine Reproductive And Respiratory Syndrome Virus Through Glycan Shielding Involves Both Glycoprotein 5 As Well As Glycoprotein 3, Hiep Vu, Byungjoon Kwon, Kyoung-Jin Yoon, William W. Laegreid, Asit K. Pattnaik, Fernando A. Osorio

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Passive administration of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) can effectively protect pigs against PRRSV infection. However, after PRRSV infection, pigs typically develop a weak and deferred NAb response. One major reason for such a meager NAb response is the phenomenon of glycan shielding involving GP5, a major glycoprotein carrying one major neutralizing epitope. We describe here a type II PRRSV field isolate (PRRSV-01) that is highly susceptible to neutralization and induces an atypically rapid, robust NAb response in vivo. Sequence analysis shows that PRRSV-01 lacks two N-glycosylation sites, normally present in wild-type (wt) PRRSV strains, …

Complete Genome Sequence Of Mycoplasma Suis And Insights Into Its Biology And Adaption To An Erythrocyte Niche, Ana Ms Guimaraes, Andrea P. Santos, Phillip Sanmiguel, Thomas Walter, Jorge Timenetsky, Joanne Messick

Department of Comparative Pathobiology Faculty Publications

Mycoplasma suis, the causative agent of porcine infectious anemia, has never been cultured in vitro and mechanisms by which it causes disease are poorly understood. Thus, the objective herein was to use whole genome sequencing and analysis of M. suis to define pathogenicity mechanisms and biochemical pathways. M. suis was harvested from the blood of an experimentally infected pig. Following DNA extraction and construction of a paired end library, whole-genome sequencing was performed using GS-FLX (454) and Titanium chemistry. Reads on paired-end constructs were assembled using GS De Novo Assembler and gaps closed by primer walking; assembly was validated by …

A Prevalence Study Of Southeast Origin Sale Barn Beef Cattle, Comingled In Warren County, Kentucky, Persistently Infected With Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus, Including The Effects Of Season And Body Weight, Sarah Elizabeth Thomas

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) is an economically important disease of cattle. Calves persistently infected (PI) with the bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) are a powerful agent for spread of the virus. A total of 24,423 southeast origin beef cattle comingled at three Warren County, Kentucky locations were tested from November 2007 to June 2010 for PI BVDV. A total of 97 head tested positive for PI BVDV, giving an average overall prevalence of 0.397%.
Calves tested were subdivided into categories for additional calculations of dependence. A total of 8,910 were categorized by weight range upon testing (300-399 lbs, 400-499 lbs, …

A Mark–Recapture Technique For Monitoring Feral Swine Populations, Matthew M. Reidy, Tyler A. Campbell, David G. Hewitt

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Techniques to monitor populations of feral swine (Sus scrofa) relative to damage control activities are needed on rangelands. Our objectives were to describe and assess a mark–recapture technique using tetracycline hydrochloride (TH) for monitoring feral swine populations. We established bait stations at study sites in southern and central Texas. During 1 d, we replaced normal soured corn bait with bait containing TH and counted the number of feral swine that consumed bait with observers. We conducted feral swine removal using box-style traps and helicopters, at which time we collected teeth for TH analysis. In southern Texas, we estimated …

Molecular Structures Of Prrsv That Contribute To Prrsv Protective Immunity, Asit K. Pattnaik

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

One of the objectives of the proposal is to delineate the regions of the two glycoproteins (GP2 and GP4) of PRRSV that interact with CD163. Other objectives of the proposal are to generate antibodies to these small regions of the glycoproteins as well as to the full-length proteins for future studies to determine if any of these antibodies possess PRRSV neutralizing activity.

To carry out the studies in the proposed objectives, we generated a series of mutants of GP2 as well as GP4 proteins in which various regions were specifically removed by manipulating the plasmids encoding these proteins. We then …

Expression Stability Of Putative Reference Genes In Equine Endometrial, Testicular, And Conceptus Tissues, Claudia Klein, Josep Rutllant, Mats H. T. Troedsson

Veterinary Science Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Quantitative RT-PCR data are commonly normalized using a reference gene. A reference gene is a transcript which expression does not differ in the tissue of interest independent of the experimental condition. The objective of this study was to evaluate the stability of mRNA expression levels of putative reference genes in three different types of equine tissue, endometrial, testicular, and conceptus tissue.

FINDINGS: The expression stability of four (uterine tissue) and six (testicular and conceptus tissue) was assessed using descriptive data analysis and the software programs Normfinder and geNorm. In uterine samples, 18S showed the largest degree of variation in …

Growing South Dakota (Spring 2011), College Of Agriculture &. Biological Sciences

Growing South Dakota (Publication of the College of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences)

[Page] 2 Classroom to Careers: An Optimistic Outlook Awaits Ag & Biological Sciences Graduates
[Page] 5 New Opportunities: Intro Ag Courses To Be Offered in Rapid City
[Page] 6 Budget Reality: Funding Cuts Prompt Structure and Staff Changes
[Page] 7 Gearing Up for DakotaFest: Replicated SDSU Campus, Educational Forums and Fundraising Auction Planned
[Page] 8 Continuing a Legacy: &1 Million Livestock Judging Endowment Being Established
[Page] 10 4-H Fun: Unique 4-H Activities Spark Student Interest in Science
[Page] 12 Innovative Outreach: BBQ Boot Camp Connect Consumers to Meat Industry
[Page] 13 College News
[Page] 14 Relevant Research: New, More Efficient …

Veterinary Issues And Livestock Development In Zanzibar: Farmer Practices And Attitudes, Shuana Milne-Price

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

The status of veterinary issues, veterinary care, and livestock development on the Zanzibar Archipelago was investigated through interviews with professionals in the fields of veterinary services and livestock development, community animal health workers (CAHWs), and livestock extension officers. In addition, a survey of livestock farmers’ access to, attitudes towards, and the actual effectiveness of veterinary care systems and livestock extension services was conducted in Pemba and Unguja. Particular emphasis was placed on comparing famers who had participated in Farmer Field Schools (FFS), a livestock education program run by the Agricultural Services Support Program (ASSP), with those who had not. The …

Development And Validation Of Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry (Lc-Ms/Ms) Methods For The Analysis Of Veterinary Drugs In Various Biological And Feed Matrices Utilizing Efficient Extraction Protocols, Mark Cronly

Doctoral

The transfer of farming practices from low intensity farming systems for livestock production to commercial enterprises which employ intensive practices has resulted in the use of veterinary drugs becoming a critical component of food production. Resulting residues of veterinary drugs occurring in food of animal origin may give rise to potential health risks to consumers. The aim of this research is the development of analytical methods capable of screening and confirming increased number of these residues in more target matrices by Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Its focus is the analysis of nitroimidazole residues in food of animal origin …

Evolution Of A Major Drug Metabolizing Enzyme Defect In The Domestic Cat And Other Felidae: Phylogenetic Timing And The Role Of Hypercarnivory, Binu Shrestha, J. Michael Reed, Philip T. Starks, Gretchen E. Kaufman, Jared V. Goldstone, Melody E. Roelke, Stephen J. O'Brien, Klaus-Peter Koepfli, Laurence Frank, Michael H. Court

Biology Faculty Articles

The domestic cat (Felis catus) shows remarkable sensitivity to the adverse effects of phenolic drugs, including acetaminophen and aspirin, as well as structurally-related toxicants found in the diet and environment. This idiosyncrasy results from pseudogenization of the gene encoding UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) 1A6, the major species-conserved phenol detoxification enzyme. Here, we established the phylogenetic timing of disruptive UGT1A6 mutations and explored the hypothesis that gene inactivation in cats was enabled by minimal exposure to plant-derived toxicants. Fixation of the UGT1A6 pseudogene was estimated to have occurred between 35 and 11 million years ago with all extant Felidae having dysfunctional …

Information-Seeking Behaviors Of First-Semester Veterinary Students: A Preliminary Report, Sharon A. Weiner, Gretchen Stephens, Abdelfattah Y.M. Nour

Libraries Faculty and Staff Scholarship and Research

Although emphasis in veterinary education is increasingly being placed on the ability to find, use, and communicate information, studies on the information behaviors of veterinary students or professionals are few. Improved knowledge in this area will provide valuable information for course and curriculum planning and the design of information resources. This article describes a survey of the information-seeking behaviors of first-semester veterinary students at Purdue University. A survey was administered as the first phase of a progressive semester-long assignment for a first semester DVM course in systemic mammalian physiology. The survey probed for understanding of the scientific literature and its …

The P53 Inhibitor Mdm2 Facilitates Sonic Hedgehog- Mediated Tumorigenesis And Influences Cerebellar Foliation, Reem Malek, Jennifer Matta, Natalie Taylor, Mary Ellen Perry, Susan Mendrysa

Department of Basic Medical Sciences Faculty Publications

Disruption of cerebellar granular neuronal precursor (GNP) maturation can result in defects in motor coordination and learning, or in medulloblastoma, the most common childhood brain tumor. The Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) pathway is important for GNP proliferation; however, the factors regulating the extent and timing of GNP proliferation, as well as GNP differentiation and migration are poorly understood. The p53 tumor suppressor has been shown to negatively regulate the activity of the Shh effector, Gli1, in neural stem cells; however, the contribution of p53 to the regulation of Shh signaling in GNPs during cerebellar development has not been determined. Here, we …

Animal Health Matters, David H. Zeman, Russ Daly

Animal Health MATTERS Newsletter

[Page] 1-Terrorism on the Prairie? [Page] 2-Director's Message: Essential State Infrastructure for Animal Health [Page] 3-Reflections on the Veterinary Medical Loan Repayment [Page] 4-Program (VMLRP), 2010 [Page] 6-The Clinical Pathology Section at SDSU’s ADRDL [Page] 6-Calf Scours Submissions at SDSU ADRDL [Page] 6-Calf Scours / Enteritis Submission Guidelines [Page] 7-Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences Department Welcomes New Full-Time Staff Members Pieces and Parts [Page] 7-Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences Department Faculty Members Honored [Page] 7-Continuing Education Events

Three Rs Approaches In The Production And Quality Control Of Fish Vaccines, Paul J. Midtlyng, Coenraad F.M. Hendriksen, Elisabeth Balks, Lukas Bruckner, Lawrence Elsken, Øystein Evensen, Kjetil Fyrand, Allison Guy, Marlies Halder, Penny Hawkins, Gunn Kisen, Anne Berit Romstad, Kira Salonius, Patrick Smith, Lynne U. Sneddon

Veterinary Science and Medicine Collection

The workshop on Three Rs Approaches in the Production and Quality Control of Fish Vaccines aimed a) to identify animal tests currently stipulated for the production and quality control of fish vaccines and to highlight animal welfare concerns associated with these tests; b) to identify viable options to replace, reduce, and refine animal use for fish vaccine testing; and c) to discuss the way forward and set out how the Three Rs may be implemented without jeopardizing the quality of the vaccines. The workshop participants -- experts from academia, regulatory authorities, a scientific animal welfare organization, and the fish vaccine …

The Activity Of Plasma Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 As A Marker To Reflect The Tissue Level Of Mammary Glands Tumor In Dogs, Wei-Yau Shia, Shih-Ming Liu, Chun-Sheng Lee, Jian-Liang Lin, Chih-Chung Chou, Yumi Yuasa, Shih-Chieh Chang, Wei-Ming Lee

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

In order to understand the change of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in dogs with mammary gland tumor (MGT), theactivity of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in plasma samples, MGT tissues and near by normal mammary gland tissues wereevaluated by gelatin zymography. The levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were significantly higher in tumor tissues thanthose in normal gland tissues (p<0.05). Plasma MMP-9 levels in malignant cases were higher than those in benign(p=0.15) and non-tumor cases (p<0.05). Likewise, plasma MMP-2 levels in malignant MGT cases were higher thannon-tumor (p<0.01) and benign cases (p=0.54). Furthermore, plasma MMP-9 levels were reflected and positivelycorrelated with MMP-9 in tumor tissues (r=0.78, p=0.02), but not MMP-2. Our results indicated that the MMP-2 andMMP-9 levels are associated with tumor malignancy, and plasma MMP-9 activity can become a potential marker bothin follow-up and prognosis of canine MGT patients.

Ophthalmology Snapshot, Nalinee Tuntivanich

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

Ultrasound Diagnosis, Phiwipha Kamonrat

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

No abstract provided.

The Investigation Of The Relations Between Insulin-Liked Growth Factor-I And Body Weight And Between Insulin-Liked Growth Factor-I And Sex In Young Cats, Wei-Yau Shia, Anchana Songkaew, Sasisopa Singhanetr, Chih-Chung Chou, Wei-Ming Lee

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

High plasma IGF-I concentration has been found in large breed young dogs, but not in young cats. Theobjective of this study was to investigate the relation between the concentration of IGF-I and body weight in bothmale and female cats at young age. In this study, the plasma IGF-I concentrations and body weight in 4 female and 4male cats at 5, 11, 17 and 21 months old were examined. No significant difference in the body weight between thefemale and male kittens (3.1±0.2 kg and 3.2±0.3 kg) at 5 months old was found, but at 11, 17 and 21 months old(5.3±0.2 kg, …

Chronic Toxicity Study Of Garcinia Mangostana Linn. Pericarp Extract, Songpol Chivapat, Pranee Chavalittumrong, Prapai Wongsinkongman, Chada Phisalpong, Anudep Rungsipipat

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Ethanolic extracts from fruit pericarp of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) possess many biological andpharmacological activities. However, chronic toxicity study of ethanolic extract has never been investigated. Theobjective of this study was to evaluate the safety of 95% ethanolic extract from mangosteen pericarp in animal model.The oral administration of the extract was performed in 180 Wistar rats randomly allocated to six groups, each of15/sex. Group 1 was control group receiving distilled water. Group 2 to 6 were treatment groups receiving the extractat the doses of 10, 100, 500, 1000 and 1000 mg/kg/day for six months respectively. The last group was assigned …