Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Historic And Contemporary Use Of Catfish Aquaculture By Piscivorous Birds In The Mississippi Delta, Paul C. Burr, Jimmy L. Avery, Garrett M. Street, Bronson K. Strickland, Brian S. Dorr

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Piscivorous birds are the primary source of catfish (Ictalurus spp.) depredation at aquaculture facilities in northwestern Mississippi. Of particular concern is the Double-crested Cormorant (Phalacrocorax auritus), which can cost aquaculture producers millions of dollars annually through the depredation of cultured fish. Historical research conducted in the early 2000s estimated cormorant use of aquaculture ponds in the region, but aquaculture area has decreased by more than 70% since those estimates were made. With less aquaculture available, we predicted cormorant densities on aquaculture would be greater today than historically. Applying a similar methodology as in historical studies, we used …

Invasive Species Control And Resolution Of Wildlife Damage Conflicts: A Framework For Chemical And Genetically Based Management Methods, Larry Clark, John Eisemann, John Godwin, Katherine Horak, Kevin Oh, Jeanette R. O'Hare, Antoinette J. Piaggio, Kim M. Pepin, Emily W. Ruell

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Vertebrate wildlife damage management relates to developing and employing methods to mitigate against damage caused by wildlife in the areas of food production, property damage, and animal or human health and safety. Of the many management tools available, chemical methods (e.g., toxicants) draw the most attention owing to issues related to environmental burden, species specificity, and humaneness. Research and development focusing on RNA interference and gene drives may be able to address the technical aspects of performance goals. However, there remain many questions about regulation, environmental risk, and societal acceptance for these emerging biological technologies. Here we focus on the …

Repellent Surface Applications For Pest Birds, Shelagh T. Deliberto, James C. Carlson, Hailey E. Mclean, Caroline S. Olson, Scott J. Werner

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Common pest birds in the United States include the non-native European starling (Sturnus vulgaris), house sparrow (Passer domesticus), and the pigeon (Columba livia domestica), as well as native birds including Canada geese (Branta canadensis) and gull species (Laridae). Large concentrations of pest birds can create human health hazards and monetary losses due to consumption of crops, depredation, and fecal contamination and accumulation. Fecal contamination hazards include the potential spread of zoonotic diseases including antimicrobial-resistant zoonoses and human injury due to the accumulation of fecal material on walking surfaces. Additionally, fecal accumulation causes …

Black Vulture Conflict And Management In The United States: Damage Trends, Management Overview, And Research Needs, Bryan M. Kluever, Morgan Pfeiffer, Scott C. Barras, Brett Dunlap, Lee A. Humberg

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Contrary to rapid declines of many vulture (Accipitridae, Cathartidea) species worldwide, black vulture (Coragyps atratus) populations are increasing and expanding their range in North America. Vultures exhibit complex behaviors and can adapt to any human-dominated landscape or land use. These traits, combined with population growth and range expansion, have contributed to increased human–vulture conflicts. Our goal was to summarize the current status and trends in human–black vulture conflicts (hereafter human– vulture conflicts), review available management strategies, identify knowledge gaps, and provide recommendations to enhance management and understanding of this species and the associated conflicts. We found human–vulture conflicts …

Review Of Ospreys: The Revival Of A Global Raptor, By Alan F. Poole. 2019., Lisa Fields, Brian E. Washburn

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

For the past three decades, Alan Poole’s (1989) Ospreys: A Natural and Unnatural History has provided a solid foundation for those seeking a primer on the basic biology and ecology of Ospreys (Pandion haliaetus). Poole’s summary of knowledge about Ospreys was written at a time when these amazing birds were recovering from their DDTinduced population crash, but this important book has long been out of print. In the intervening decades, much has been learned regarding Ospreys. In his new book, Ospreys: The Revival of a Global Raptor, Poole guides the reader through a tour of Ospreys’ worldwide distribution and population …

Population Increases Of Large Birds In North America Pose Challenges For Aviation Safety, Richard A. Dolbeer

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

There is a strong correlation between bird mass and the likelihood of aircraft damage during a bird–aircraft collision. Thus, the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has established airworthiness standards related to bird mass for engines, airframes, and windshields. Most standards use large (1.8 kg) and medium (1.1 kg) birds as benchmarks (the empennage and certain large turbofan engines use a 3.6-kg bird). There are 20 large (≥1.8 kg) and 16 medium (1.1–1.7 kg) bird species in North America with ≥20 strikes reported for civil aircraft (FAA National Wildlife Strike Database), 1990 to 2018. I analyzed the population changes of these …

Clinical Diagnosis, Ultrastructural Study And Antigenic Characterization Of Platynosomum Fastosum In Cats, Babi Kyi Soe

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Platynosomum fastosum is a cat liver fluke causing hepatobiliary diseases in cats. To evaluate the criterior to support the suspicion index for early disease detection during subclinical infection, the biochemical parameters composed of liver, pancreatic enzymes, tumor markers were evaluated in 14 P. fastosum naturally-infected cats. As a result, alanine transaminase (ALT) and gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) were found elevated in 57.8% (8/14) of infected cats. For the diagnostic imaging, bile sediments were present in 85.7% (12/14) of infected cats in their gallbladders. Since the number of bile-derived P. fastosum eggs were significantly higher than that from fecal samples (p=0.001), …

Fabrication Of Three-Dimensional (3-D) Corneal Transplantable Model From Silk Fibroin/Gelatin-Based Biomaterial, Chutirat Torsahakul

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Canine corneal blindness is a common cause of vision loss and visual impairment worldwide. While the demand of canine corneal graft is continuously elevated, the clinical useable grafts are limited to acellular biomaterials and allograft. This study aimed to generate the tissue-engineered canine cornea in the part of corneal epithelium and underlying stroma based on cLESCs (canine limbal epithelial stem cells) seeded silk fibroin and gelatin (SF/G) film and cCSSCs (canine corneal stromal stem cells) seeded SF/G scaffold respectively. Both cell types were successfully isolated by collagenase I. SF/G films and scaffolds served as the prospective substrates for cLESCs and …

Comparison Of Canine Urinary Bacterial Population In Calcium Oxalate Urolithiasis And Healthy Conditions, Nichamon Rakprakobkij

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Urolithiasis is one of the most common lower urinary tract diseases in dogs. Struvite is the most canine uroliths reported, and the second reported is calcium oxalate (CaOx). However, the proportion of CaOx urolithiasis tends to be increased. CaOx urolithiasis has high incidence of recurrence after the treatment and the pathogenesis of the stone formation is uncleared. Recent studies revealed that oxalate degrader bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract has important roles in CaOx stone formation but no research has been done to study the composition and the role of microbiome in the urinary tract of dogs with CaOx urolithiasis. This …

Development Of Nanostructured Lipid Carrier Clove Oil As Anesthetic Agent In White Shrimp (Litopenaeus Vannamei), Somrudee Kaewmalun

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Clove oil is an essential oil extracted from the dried buds and leaves of the clove plant (Syzygium aromaticum). Clove oil contains eugenol as the main active ingredient. Clove oil used as an anesthesia functions as calming effect, loss of equilibrium, non-reactivity and consciousness in lead to reduce activity, physiological stress, mortality rate, and preventing cannibalism method during handling and transportation. However, the component of clove oil is insoluble in water and must be dissolved in ethanol. So, clove oil ethanolic solution leading to toxic and irritation in animal and user. In this study, to avoid this side effect, the …

Antimicrobial Resistance In Salmonella Enterica Isolated From Dogs And Cats In Northern And Northeastern Thailand, Thanich Chantharothaiphaichit

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is One Health issue involved in humans, animals and environment and a unified One Health approach is required to contain this problematic issue. However, data on AMR in companion animals is limited. Dogs and cats are popular pet animals and are known to carry many bacterial pathogens that are of public health importance, including Salmonella. This study aimed to identify serovars of Salmonella and phenotypically and genetically characterize AMR in Salmonella isolated from dogs and cats in Northern and Northeastern Thailand. A total of 178 S. enterica isolates from dogs (n= 159) and cats (n= 19) collected …

Serum Chemistry Values In Wild Black Vultures In Mississippi, Usa, Fred L. Cunningham, Sherman W. Jack, Amanda R. Deese, Eric R. Wengert, Kyle Van Why, Carla L. Huston, Scott Lemmons, Richard B. Minnis

Human–Wildlife Interactions

Vultures (Cathartidae and Accipitridae) play an important role in ecosystem balance by rapidly disposing animal carcasses and thus preventing the potential spread of pathogens. Blood chemistry values provide a means of assessing the health of wildlife and wild animal populations; however, there are significant differences in chemistries among species and when comparing captive and free-living New and Old World vultures. In 2007, we collected blood serum from 30 female and 14 male wild, healthy black vultures (Coragyps atratus) live-trapped by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Wildlife Services from a power substation in …

Growing South Dakota (Winter 2020), College Of Agriculture, Food And Environmental Sciences

Growing South Dakota (Publication of the College of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences)

This issue contains the SDSU Extension 2019 Annual Report

[Page] 2-3 South Dakota Animal Disease Research and Diagnostic Laboratory Ribbon Cutting Ceremony
[Page] 4 SDSU Extension
[Page] 4 From the Director of Extension Karla Trautman
[Page] 5 2019 USDA Risk Management Agency Crop Indemnities
[Page] 6-8 SDSU Extension Responds to Mother Nature in 2019
[Page] 9 Successful Energize! Conference Buoys Community Efforts in Lemmon & Beyond
[Page] 10-11 Helping Loved Ones Transition Smoothly
[Page] 12 AmeriCorps VISTA Members Expand Extension Programming
[Page] 13 South Dakota Wellness Coalitions Make Big Impacts in Small Communities [Page] 14-16 Extension Programs in Our Own …

A Phylogenetic Analysis Of Mycoplasma Strains Circulating In Sheep Pneumonia In Thekars Region Of Turkey, Olcay Öztürkler, Sali̇h Otlu

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study aimed to investigate Mycoplasma species by cultural and molecular methods in 250 pneumonics and 30 healthy appearance sheep lungs brought from slaughterhouse and butcheries in the Kars region of Turkey. The phylogenetic positioning of the bacterial strains to be obtained in the present study was another remarkable outcome of the study. Mycoplasma isolation was achieved solely in 26 (10.4%) of 250 sheep lungs with pneumonia. Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae was found predominant species in 12 (46.15%) of samples and that was followed by Mycoplasma arginini in 4 (15.38%) of strains. Moreover, two samples were found to be co-infected with the …

Awareness And Adoption Level Of Subclinical Mastitis Diagnosis Among Dairy Farmers Ofpunjab, India, Vidya Nimbalkar, Harish Kumar Verma, Jaswinder Singh, Suresh Kumar Kansal

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Subclinical mastitis (SCM) is a major and silent problem of public health concern. It causes higher economic losses with no initial visible changes in the appearance of milk or udder. Subclinically affected animals always remain a continuous source of infection. Most of the clinical mastitis (CM) cases start as subclinical; hence controlling SCM is the best way to reduce the incidence of diseases. A crosssectional study was carried out during 2018?19 in six districts from different agroclimatic zones of Punjab, India to describe awareness about various technologies and its adoption to diagnose SCM. The multistage random technique was used to …

Assessment Of Genetic Gain And Its Simulation For Performance Traits In Sahiwal Cattle, Poonam Ratwan, Atish Kumar Chakravarty, Manoj Kumar

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The study was conducted to estimate the expected genetic gain (ΔG) for first lactation performance traits in Sahiwal cattle as a result of direct selection of animals maintained at the ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute in India. Data pertaining to 305-day milk yield (305DMY), wet average (WA), and calving to first insemination interval (CFI) of the animals considering 13 counts of progenies/ sire were initially analyzed. The ΔG through direct selection was 43.68 kg/year, 0.13 kg/year, and 1.68 days/year for 305DMY, WA, and CFI, which was 1.97%, 1.65%, and 2.02% of herd average, respectively. In addition, ΔG was estimated by simulating …

Evaluation Of Animal Models For Genetic Analysis Of Growth Performance In Landlly Pigs, Snehasmita Panda, Gyanendra Kumar Gaur, Nihar Ranjan Sahoo, Sheikh Firdous Ahmad, Pruthviraj Devamma Ramachandrappa, Panch Kishor Bharti

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Selection of the most appropriate animal model for the estimation of genetic parameters for body weight was carried out using restricted maximum likelihood (REML) procedure at birth and thereafter at 3, 6, and 8 weeks of age in Landlly pigs. Six different models were fitted for each trait; by inclusion or exclusion of maternal additive genetic effect, maternal permanent environmental effect, and covariance between direct and maternal additive genetic effects. Records on 1968 piglets, born in 4 parities of 131 gilts/sows, sired by 68 boars during a period of 5 years from 2014 to 2018 were used. In order to …

Surgical Management Of Infectious And Noninfectious Melting Corneal Ulcers In Cats, Aynur Demi̇r, Yusuf Altundağ, Gülşen Sevi̇m Karagözoğlu

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

A melting ulcer, characterized by the stromal dissolution of the cornea, is an important eye lesion that develops due to various reasons and threatens vision. Restoration of this lesion, which causes loss of corneal transparency, requires aggressive medical and surgical treatment. In medical treatment, stromal degeneration is controlled with agents that support topical antibacterial and stromal healing. Surgical treatment is applied using various techniques to remove structures damaged due to the progression of corneal melting and to promote corneal healing. In this study, lamellar keratectomy and the third eyelid flap techniques were combined with topical medical therapy in 20 cat …

Visual Outcome Evaluation Of Complicated Perforating Corneal Injuries After Surgicalrepair In 45 Cats, Khaled M. Ali, Marwa H. Hassan

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Corneal perforations and lacerations are common causes of blindness. These injuries require immediate treatment to preserve the anatomical integrity of the cornea. The purposes of our study were to demonstrate the common complications of traumatic and nontraumatic penetrating corneal injuries in cats and to assess the visual outcome after surgical repair of these cases. The present study included 45 cats with traumatic and nontraumatic perforated cornea. The cats were treated either by suturing of the corneal defect, conjunctival flap, or treating the associated complications. Regarding the surgical outcomes after a successful conjunctival flap, the corneal integrity and transparency of the …

Evaluation Of Various Barley Processing Methods On Rumen Microbial Population,Histomorphometry, And Fermentation Characteristics In Fattening Lambs, Mohammad Hosseini Zangneh, Masihollah Forouzmand, Mokhtar Khajavi, Shima Hosseinifar, Reza Naghiha

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Barley deserves a top place in the farm for feeding livestock. It is irreplaceable by any other grain in sheep diets for producing capacious rumen microbial yields. The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of different methods of barley processing on a number of microbes, fermentation parameters, and the rumen tissue characteristics of fattening lambs. For this purpose, 20 fattening male lambs with a mean weight of 25 ± 1.1 kg were tested for 80 days based on a completely randomized design with four treatments (GRB: ground barley, SRB: steam-rolled barley, GEB: germinated barley, SOB: soaked barley) and …

In Vitro Exposure To Di-(2-Ethylhexyl) Phthalate (Dehp) Stimulates Spontaneous Felineuterine Contractions, Ruhi̇ Kabakçi, Hasan Ceyhun Macun, Ebru Yildirim, İbrahi̇m Mert Polat, Taha Burak Eli̇foğlu

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is widely used as a plasticizer in various products such as PVC-derived plastics, toys, packaging materials, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals. This study aimed to investigate the effect of DEHP on spontaneous contractions of the feline uterus in vitro. Tubal 1-cm uterine samples prepared from 10, 9, and 12 uteri obtained from adult cats in estrus (n = 5), diestrus (n = 5), and interestrus (n = 5), respectively, after ovariohysterectomy were suspended in an isolated organ bath in aerated Krebs solution at 39 ± 1 °C, and an initial 1 g tension was given. After 1 h equilibration …

Morphological, Histological, And Molecular Evidence Of Myxobolus Spinacurvatura(Cnidaria: Myxosporea) From Mugil Cephalus In The Turkish Black Sea Coast, Banu Yardimci, Gökmen Zafer Pekmezci̇, Cenk Soner Bölükbaş, Melek Özpi̇çak, Savaş Yilmaz, Nazmi̇ Polat

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In the present study, a total of 30 M. cephalus captured from the Samsun coast of the Black Sea, Turkey were examined for myxozoa infections. Different sizes of whitish and rounded cyst-like plasmodia were macroscopically detected in the liver and intestine wall of M. cephalus. Morphological and histological examinations were performed. The SSU rDNA was amplified using nested PCR and myxosporean-specific primers. The present Myxobolus species was identified as M. spinacurvatura based on the spore morphology and host/organ specificity. In the present study, morphological, histological, and molecular data on M. spinacurvatura were presented. Furthermore, BLASTn research showed that SSU rDNA …

Evaluation Of The Early Term Healing Effects Of Resveratrol On Corneal Wounds In Rats, Hati̇ce Çi̇lem Perçi̇n, Zülfükar Kadi̇r Saritaş

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of resveratrol (RES) treatment on corneal wound healing. Randomly divided into 2 groups were 26-week-old male Wistar albino rats. Group 1 was the control group (C) and group 2 was the RES group. A 2-3-mm-long vertical incision was made centrally in the right cornea of each rat to the descemet membrane using loupe magnification (2.5X) and the wounds were sutured using 10/0 nylon material. In the RES group, the rats were fed 30 mg/kg/day RES via oral gavage; the C and RES groups were provided food and water ad libitum …

Typing Of Φsp-3 Lytic Salmonella Bacteriophages Obtained From Various Fecal Sources, Asli Sakmanoğlu, Hasan Hüseyi̇n Hadi̇mli̇

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Although several reports are available on both ΦSP-1 and ΦSP?3 lytic Salmonella bacteriophages obtained from poultry, further research is required to study the effectiveness of ΦSP-3 type on serovars isolated from other sources. In the present study, we aimed to isolate bacteriophages from 8 serovars previously obtained from 869 fecal samples (calf, dairy cow, buffalo, and camel), genotype the bacteriophages, and detect the cross-lytic activities of the bacteriophages on Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Kentucky, S.Anatum, and S.Muenchen. A total of 16 bacteriophages were detected as ΦSP-3 type via PCR. The Hunter-Gaston Discriminatory Index of SDS-PAGE was calculated to be …

Investigation Of Body Secretions As Bioindicators In Cattle Estrus Detection, Özgül Ani̇taş, Serap Göncü

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The accurate determination of estrus has a fundamental role in cattle reproduction management. The determination of volatile chemical compounds (pheromones) secreted only during estrus in all body fluids can be used for determining accurate estrus time and artificial insemination time and have a potential role in technological animal reproduction control. In this study, Holstein cows were synchronized and their sudor, urine, feces, milk, saliva, vaginal secretions, and blood samples were taken in the preestrus, estrus, and postestrus periods and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for determination of volatile odor compounds. A total of 531 volatile compounds were detected in the …

The Use Of Doppler Ultrasound As A Potential Fertility Predictor In Male Goats, Diego Luiz Dos Santos Ribeiro, Larissa Sarmento Santos, Itamara Gomes França, Hellyda Gomes Pereira, Joaquim De Sousa Lima, Bento Douglas Brito Miranda, Alcina Vieira Carvalho Neta, Jose Ribamar S Torres Junior

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of the current study is to correlate Doppler flowmetry with andrological features in male goats belonging to different age and fertility groups. Thirty native crossbreed bucks bred in Northeastern Brazil were subjected to B-mode, spectral and color Doppler ultrasound, as well as to andrological examinations. Color Doppler ultrasound was used to evaluate blood flow in the pampiniform plexus and testicular parenchyma. Semen was collected through the electroejaculation method in order to have its physical and morphological features evaluated. The animals were grouped based on age (young, mature, and old) and fertility level (high and low) before analysis. Data …

Investigation Of Biotype, Genotype And Virulence Associated Genes Inpasteurella Multocida Capsular Type A Strains From The Respiratory Tract Of Cattle Andtheir Relationship With Disease Cases, Özgül Gülaydin, Kemal Gürtürk

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Pasteurella (P.) multocida, which causes respiratory disease in cattle, can also be found commensally in the upper respiratory tract. Therefore, it is epidemiologically important to determine the possible difference between pathogenic and commensal strains for the diagnosis of the disease. In this study, phenotypic and genotypic characteristics and virulence associated genes of P. multocida capsular type A strains isolated from the respiratory tract of sick and healthy cattle were investigated. Also, the relationship between the disease status of animals and the characteristics of the isolates were evaluated. Total of 51 P. multocida capsular type A strains were biotyped and genotyped …

Evaluation Of The Effects Of Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 On The Healing Of Bonecalvarial Defects In Ovariectomized Rats, Ela Tules Kadi̇roğlu, Fati̇h Karayürek, Mehmet Erdem Akbalik

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are often used with bone grafts for bone regeneration. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of demineralized freeze-dried bone allografts and externally applied rhBMP-2 on bone healing in experimentally generated defects in the calvarium of ovariectomized and nonovariectomized rats via histological and immunohistochemical assays. The current study was carried out on 42 female Wistar rats. After ovariectomy was performed in half of the rats, the rats were divided into three groups: control, allograft, and allograft + BMP. An experimental defect with a diameter of 4 mm was created unilaterally in the parietal …

Effects Of Seasons And Environmental Conditions On Semen Quality Of Senduro Goatsreared Under Tropical Climate, Nurul Isnaini, Gatot Ciptadi, Enniek Herwijanti, Nada Ira Putri Walidah, Muhammad Willy Sabili Nirwana Putra

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

A study was carried out to examine the effects of seasons and environmental conditions (ambient temperature; AT, relative humidity; RH, temperature-humidity index; THI, and sunshine hours; SH) on semen quality of Senduro goats in the tropical climate. A total of 252 ejaculates semen were collected from 3 Senduro bucks from January to December 2017. The semen quality was then evaluated including semen volume (VOL), sperm concentration (CONC), total sperm output (TSO), individual motility (IMOT), before freezing motility (BFMOT), postthawing motility (PTMOT). The acceptance rate of fresh semen (ARFS), before freezing semen (ARBFS), and postthawing semen (ARPTS) were also calculated. The …

Slaughter And Carcass Characteristics Of Kıvırcık, Karacabey Merino, Ramlıç, Germanblack-Head Mutton × Kıvırcık And Hampshire Down × Merino Crossbreed Lambs Rearedunder Intensive Conditions, Vasfi̇ye Kader Esen, Seli̇m Esen, Orhan Karadağ, Alper Önenç, Cengi̇z Elmaci

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study aimed to determine the slaughter and carcass characteristics of five different meat-type lambs reared under intensive husbandry conditions. For this purpose, a total of 202 lambs-Kıvırcık (K, n = 51), Karacabey Merino (KM, n = 47), Ramlıç (R, n = 28), German Black-Head Mutton × Kıvırcık (GBK, n = 49), and Hampshire Down × Merino crossbreed (HM, n = 27)-were used to evaluate rearing performance. At the end of the rearing period, 10 male lambs of each breed were randomly selected to investigate slaughter and carcass characteristics. All lambs were housed in a single flock until the slaughtering …