Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Meta-Analysis Of Cyathostomin Species-Specific Prevalence And Relative Abundance In Domestic Horses From 1975-2020: Emphasis On Geographical Region And Specimen Collection Method, Jennifer L. Bellaw, Martin K. Nielsen

Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Cyathostomins infect virtually all horses, and concomitant infections with 10 or more species per horse is standard. Species-specific knowledge is limited, despite potential species bias in development of disease and anthelmintic resistance. This is the first meta-analysis to examine effects of geographical region and cyathostomin collection method on reported composition of cyathostomin communities.

METHODS: Thirty-seven articles published in English in 1975 or later, in which adults of individual species were systematically enumerated, were included. Seven regions; North America, South America, eastern Europe, western Europe, northern Europe, southern Africa, and Oceania, and three cyathostomin collection methods; (i) standard necropsy recovery …

Prevalence Of Taeniid Eggs In The Faeces Of Domesticated And Free-Roaming Dogs In Basrah, Iraq, And The Knowledge Of Dog Owners On Cystic Echinococcosis, Mohanad Faris Abdulhameed, Ian Robertson, Suzan Abd Al-Jabbar Al-Azizz, Ihab Habib

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

The larval stages (metacestodes) of some taeniids of carnivores, particularly Echinococcus spp., can result in severe disease for humans and livestock. The prevalence of taeniid eggs by direct examination of faecal smears in 335 free-roaming dogs (FRD) and owned domesticated dogs in Basrah Province was 10.1% (95% CI 7.1, 13.9). A structured questionnaire was administered to 86 dog owners to investigate the influence of socio-demographic factors and management and husbandry practices on their knowledge of cystic echinococcosis (CE). The results of a multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that dog owners who fed offal had less knowledge of CE (OR=0.17, 95% …

Nad Metabolism In Male Reproductive Aging, Mirella L. Meyer-Ficca

Funded Research Records

No abstract provided.

Tools, Techniques And Teamwork: Transferring New Technologies For Wildlife Management, Conservation And Economic Development, John Eisemann, Gail Keirn

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Did you ever wonder who invented radio telemetry? Or breakaway snares? What about the bird repellent methyl anthranilate or the livestock protection collar? These and many other tools used in wildlife damage management resulted from creative thinking by biologists, technicians, researchers and managers working to solve complex wildlife issues. Over the past 90 years, these “aha moments” within the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Wildlife Services program have ranged from developing novel scare devices, traps and vaccines to exploiting an animal’s visual capabilities to stop unwanted behaviors. Once discovered, these unique ideas may lead to practical, feasible and cost-effective wildlife damage …

Instability Of Glucocorticoid Metabolites In Coyote Scats: Implications For Field Sampling, Erika T. Stevenson, Eric M. Gese, Lorin A. Neuman-Lee, Susannah S. French

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Studying physiologic stress responses can assist in understanding the welfare of animals. One method of measuring the physiologic stress response is evaluating concentrations of glucocorticoid metabolites in feces. Previously, using an adrenocorticotropic hormone challenge, we found fecal glucocorticoid metabolite levels were a reliable indicator of physiologic stress response in coyotes (Canis latrans). We determine whether glucocorticoid metabolite concentrations remain stable when collecting feces over a 2-week period, a timeframe commonly used in scat surveys for wild canids. We collected feces from 6 captive coyotes maintained at the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Research Center, Predator …

Importation Of Macrocyclic Lactone Resistant Cyathostomins On A Us Thoroughbred Farm, Martin K. Nielsen, M. Banahan, R. M. Kaplan

Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center Faculty Publications

Anthelmintic resistance in equine cyathostomins is both widespread and highly prevalent in the benzimidazole and tetrahydropyrimidine classes; however, reports of resistance to macrocyclic lactone (ML) drugs are sparse and sporadic. This study reports a case of clear ML resistance in a group of Thoroughbred yearlings imported from Ireland to the US in 2019. Fecal egg count reduction (FECR) following ivermectin administered in February 2020 demonstrated 100% reduction in the US bred yearlings, but 93.5%, 70.5%, and 74.5% reduction in three groups of the imported yearlings. The two former groups were then retreated with ivermectin, yielding FECRs of 33.8% and 23.5%, …

Evaluating Red Wolf Scat To Deter Coyote Access To Urban Pastureland, Meghan M. Louis, Samuel M. Tucker, Michael K. Stoskopf, Suzanne Kennedy-Stoskopf

Human–Wildlife Interactions

Depredation of domestic livestock by wildlife is a leading source of human–wildlife conflict, often requiring intervention at the local level. Historically, these interventions have resulted in the use of lethal methods to remove the offending animal. In response to increased public opposition to lethal control methods, wildlife managers have sought to identify effective nonlethal biological options to mitigate wildlife depredations. In 2018, we tested the concept of a biological deterrent using red wolf (Canis rufus) scat that had historically been spread along fence lines to prevent depredation of lambs (Ovis aries) and kid goats (Capra …

Molecular And Biological Epidemiology Of Mosquito Vecors For Canine Heartworm Infection In The Cumberland Gap Region, Charles T. Faulkner, Michelle Norden

Faculty Other Scholarly Content

Canine heartworm (Dirofilaria immitis), is a nematode parasite that infects canines, both wild and domestic and other vertebrate hosts like ferrets, otters, and cats worldwide. The disease, dirofilariasis, can be fatal in advanced stages if untreated and is recognized as a significant concern in veterinary medicine. Canine heartworm has been reported in 49 states of the United States (U.S.) and is considered enzootic. The nematode lifecycle is dependent upon canines infected with adult worms that produce microfilaria, the vermiform embryonic stage, that circulate in the peripheral blood of the host and the mosquito vectors that ingest them taking …

Analyses Of The Expression, Immunohistochemical Properties And Serodiagnostic Potential Of Schistosoma Japonicum Peroxiredoxin-4, Minh-Anh Dang-Trinh, Jose Ma. M. Angeles, Kharleezelle J. Moendeg, Adrian Miki C. Macalanda, Thu-Thuy Nguyen, Luna Higuchi, Shotaro Nakagun, Masahi Kirinoki, Yuichi Chigusa, Yasuyuki Goto, Shin-Ichiro Kawazu

Biology Faculty Publications

Background

Schistosoma japonicum, which inhabits the mesenteric vein of the mammalian hosts for about 20 to 30 years, is subjected to the oxidative stresses from the host defense mechanism during their intra-mammalian stages. To counteract this host immune attack, the parasite utilizes their antioxidant system for survival inside the host. Peroxiredoxins (Prxs), thiol-specific antioxidant proteins, play an essential role for protecting the parasite against oxidative stress by reducing hydrogen peroxide to water. Only three types of 2-Cys Prxs have been previously characterized in S. japonicum whereas a fourth Prx has been identified for Schistosoma mansoni as Prx-4. A sequence …

Isolation And Identification Of Klebsiella Aerogenes From Bee Colonies In Bee Dysbiosis, Oleksandr Galatiuk, Tatiana Romanishina, Anastasiia Lakhman, Olga Zastulka, Ralitsa Balkanska

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

This article presents modern methods for obtaining and isolatingpure culture from bee colonies (from honeycombswith infected broodsand contaminated by faeces of bees), and the identification and indication of pathogenic bacteria of Klebsiellaaerogenes species in honey beesduring the winter, spring,summer andthe autumn. The purposewas to isolate and identifythe pure culture of enterobacteria from the pathological material of diseased bee colonies. The study of their basic biological properties for the possible use of the obtained strains, which should be used as indicator bacterial cultures in the study of the biological properties of drugs for the treatment and prevention of enterobacteriosis of beeswas …

Biosecurity Practices In Commercial And House Hold Poultry Farms In The Delta Region, Egypt: I-Correlation Between Level Of Biosecurity And Prevalence Ofpoultry Mites, Fatma Abouelenien, Maha Eleisway, Ismail Elshahawy, Samy Almidany, Nagham Elsaidy

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The risk of parasitic disease outbreaks among commercial poultry farms can result in significant economic loss for the farmer and the integration. These diseases can be reduced by the proper application of biosecurity measures. This study primarily aimed at assessing the current biosecurity practices applied in different kinds of poultry farm (broiler, layer, duck and mixed farms) inKafrelshiekh Governorate (Delta region), Egypt.Correlating the compliance of the studied biosecurity measures with the prevalence of poultry mites in the surveyed farms was the second aim. For achieving these aims, on-farm questionnaire surveys and observational studies were conducted from January 2017 to August …

Clinical Assessment Of Brachycephalic Airway Obstructive Syndrome Using Questionnaire And 6-Minute Walk Test In French Bulldogs, Tamolwan Anyamaneecharoen, Krishaporn Kradangnga, Saikaew Sutayatram, Sumit Durongphongtorn, Pasakorn Brikshavana

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Brachycephalic airway obstructive syndrome (BAOS) is an anatomical abnormality of the upper airway commonly found in brachycephalic breeds leading to clinical signs and physical capacity impairment. The purposes of this study were to objectively assess the severity of the clinical signs and physical capacity in French Bulldogs with BAOS using questionnaire and 6-minute walk test (6-MWT), respectively. A total of 26 French Bulldogs were enrolled in this study and divided into a normal group (n = 7), a moderate BAOS group (n = 8) and a severe BAOS group (n = 11). After history taking and physical examination, the questionnaire …

Rapid Detection Of Mycoplasma Bovisby Real-Time Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification, Yan Pan, Ying Ming Wei, Garmendia Ae, Hao Peng, Shi Wen Feng, Li Tao, Jun Li

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Mycoplasma bovis(M. bovis) is one of the most significant pathogens in cattle. The aim of this study was to develop a rapid real-time LAMP assay, specific for M. boviswith designed primers targeting the OPPD/F gene. The assay was tested for 1 h at 63°C. The results could be visualized by the addition of calceindye. Real-time LAMP was specific exclusively for M. boviswithout cross-reactivity with other bacteria. The sensitivity of the real-time LAMP was determined to be 2.29×10-3ng/μL of DNA and was 100 times higher than conventional PCR. Lamp assay was conducted on 65 clinical samples to test its usefulness and …

Preparation Of Swine Isg15 Polyclonal Antibody And Its Application In Classical Swine Fever Virus, Xin-Bin Cai, Hua-Lin Hou, Li-Yuan Zhang, Rong-Ze Tang, Shan Yin, Xiao-Quan Li, Ke Zhang, Qian-Nan Zhao, Xue Ying, Li-Juan Su, Shi-Kai Sun, Xiao-Ning Li, Ting Rong Luo

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Interferon-stimulated gene 15 (ISG15) is known to participate in innate and adaptive immune responses against viral infections. Classical swine fever virus (CSFV) causes a global, economically important and highly contagious disease in pigs. To explore theinteraction between ISG15 and CSFV, the ISG15gene was amplified, cloned and expressed in E. coliBL21 cells. The expressed ISG15 protein was purified by Ni-NTA agarose column and used to prepare a polyclonal mouse antibody. The anti-ISG15 antibody produced in mice could react with ISG15 expressed in the prokaryotic BL-21 cells as well as natural swine ISG15 expressed in PK-15 cells. This polyclonal antibody against swine …

The Effects Of Pumpkin Seed Oil On Carbon Tetrachloride Induced Chronic Hepatic Damage In Rats, Ayhan Atasever, Meryem Senturk, Gorkem Ekebas, Duygu Yaman Gram, Meryem Eren

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The present study determined the possible protective effect of pumpkin seed oil (PSO) on histopathological changes in liver tissue and serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity, glucose, Non-Esterified Fatty Acids (NEFA) and triglyceride (TG) levels on chronic liver injury induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in rats. A total of 80 Wistar rats were divided into eight groups of ten rats each: the first group served as the control, group II was given intraperitoneal 0.2 mL/kg CCl4, twice a week for 8 weeks. Groups III-V were treated daily with PSO for 8 weeks (1, 2 and 3 mL/kg respectively). Groups (VI-VIII) were …

Chondroprotective Efficacy Of Undenatured Collagen Type Ii On Canine Osteoarthritis Secondary To Medial Patellar Luxation, Susolos Kunsuwannachai, Kumpanart Soontornvipart

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Osteoarthritis (OA) is found secondary to medial patellar luxation (MPL) which is one of the most common diseases in small-breed dogs. Management of the disease is surgical correction or medical treatment. In patients who are unable to do the surgical correction, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) remain the drugs of choice for OA therapy. Nowadays nutraceuticals have become more popular since there are no side effects when given for along period. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical chondroprotective effects of undenatured collagen type-II (UCII) on osteoarthritis secondary to canine medial patellar luxation. Nine small-breed dogs (thirteen stifle …

Repairing Of Rabbit Calvarial Defects By Rapid Prototyping Bisgma And Hydroxy-Appatite Incorporated Bisgma, Naris Thengchaisri, Chaiyakorn Thitiyanaporn, Siriporn Tanodekaew

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The in vivo bone regenerative capacity and biocompatibility of bisphenol A glycidylmethacrylate (BisGMA) implants fabricated by Stereolithography Rapid Prototyping machine (SLA) wasinvestigated in rabbit’s calvarial defect model. The study focused on two different materials: BisGMA alone and hydroxyapatite (HA) incorporated BisGMA, of which were formulated especially for SLA fabrication. Each rabbit’s skull implant was fabricated with size 1x1 cm2according to the rabbit skull’s contour based on its Computed Tomographic dataand replaced at the full thickness cavarial defects in 6 rabbits. Computed Tomography (CT) scan and blood tests were performed at certain time points during 6 months after surgical operation to …

Cryopreservation Of Boar Semen: Where We Are, Panida Chanapiwat, Kampon Kaeoket

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The preservation of boar semen can be divided intotwo methods as follows: fresh boar semen and frozen boar semen. The first method is only to preserve the sperm for a short period, ranging from 3 to 10 days and depends on the semen extender used, however, its benefit is only in use for artificial insemination on a particular farm or for a short distant transportation. The latter method has been developed in order to keep the semen of superior genetic boars for long distant transportation or preservation of their genetics for future production or to set upa new herd in …

Influence Of Season On Stereological And Histomorphometric Characteristics Of Testes Of Ouled Djellal Rams In Algeria, Yamina Belkhiri, Souheyla Benbia, Amal Djaout

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of season on testicular morphometry, on ram body weight, testosterone concentration and on stereological structure of the testes in Ouled Djellalrams. Twenty seven rams were randomly selected and the live weight and testicular size were recorded. At the beginning of each season (autumn, winter, spring), among the study group, three rams were randomly selected, slaughtered and their left testes were removed and weighed. For microscopic study, tissue samples were excised from the left testes, fixed in formalin solution and embedded in paraffin and, afterwards, quantitative evaluation was performed. Statistical analysis …

Effects Of Systemic Administrations Of Medetomidine And Xylazine On Ex Vivo Platelet Aggregation In Clinically Normal Cats, Takuya Matsukawa, Yoshiaki Hikasa

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

This study aimed to investigate and compare the effects of systemic administration of medetomidine and xylazine on ex vivo platelet aggregation inclinically normal cats.Five cats were repeatedly used in each of 7groups.The cats received saline as the non-medicated control; 0.5, 2.0, and 4.0 mg/kg xylazine; and 20, 80, and 160 μg/kg BW medetomidine intramuscularly.Venous blood was collected 4 times (0, 2, 4, and 7 h) after injection of both agents and platelet-rich plasma was prepared. Ex vivo percent platelet aggregationwas determined via a turbidimetric method. Collagen and adenosine diphosphate (ADP) were used to initiate aggregation. Administrations of xylazine at all …

The Effects Of Water Submersion On Cattle Ticks, Atchara Artchayasawat, Parichart Boueroy, Thidarut Boonmars, Benjamabhorn Pumhirunroj, Pranee Sriraj, Ratchadawan Aukkanimart, Sirintip Boonjaraspinyo, Opal Pitaksakulrat, Panaratana Ratanasuwan, Apiporn Suwannatrai, Chatanun Eamudomkarn, Porntip Laummaunwai, Wu Zhiliang

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Rhipicephalus (Boophilus)microplusis an important vector transmitting hemoparasitesin cattle and is, therefore, the cause of significant loss to cattle production. The control of ticks with synthetic acaricides is partially successful. However, parasite resistance to these compoundshas been reported.This study aimedto evaluate the effects of water submersion on cattle ticks. Ticks were divided into three weight classes[small (3-10 mg),medium (10-30 mg)and large(>70 mg)].All ticks in the small weight class died after immersion in water for as little as 5 mins. Some ticks in the medium weight class died after immersion for10 and 15 minsbutnone in the largest weight class died at …

Production Of Immunoglobulin Y Against Dog Erythrocyte Antigen (Dea) 1.1 From Egg Yolk, Noppadol Prasertsincharoen, Pornphimon Metheenukul

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The dog erythrocyte antigen (DEA) as a blood group antigen in dogs, especially DEA 1.1, has the highest immunogenicity. IgYis an excellent antibody for use in immunological assays involving mammalian sera. The aim of this study was to produce and purify IgY against DEA1.1 from chicken egg yolks for canine blood group detection. Hens were immunized by intramuscular vaccination. IgY was achieved after three booster immunizations by DEA 1.1-positive canine ghost cells. The extraction of total IgY from the egg yolk was carried out using precipitation by polyethylene glycol 6000 and dialysis. The purified protein and yield of IgY were …

Molecular Characterization Of Equine Herpesvirus-1 And Asinine Herpesvirus -5 Isolated From Aborted Fetuses Of Arabian Horses, Rabab Taha Hassanien, Ehab Mostafa El-Nahas, Nahed Ahmed Mahmoud, Gabr Fikry El-Bagoury

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Infections with equine herpesviruses(EHVs) are widespread in equine populations worldwide. Whilst EHV-1 produces well-documented reproductive losses in equids, the role of asinineherpesviruses-5 (AHV-5) to induce abortion is still enigmatic. In the present study, EHV-1 and AHV-5 were detected in aborted fetuses of Arabian horses in Egypt by consensus nested PCR of DNA polymerase gene, with a trial for viral isolation on Rabbit Kidney 13 cell line (RK-13) and identification by indirect immunofluorescence. The partial analysis of DNA polymerase gene sequence revealed that the Egyptian strains EHV-1 and AHV-5 were related to Australian origin EHV-1 838/89 (Accession. no, KF434370) and Austrian …

Effect Of Fermented Red Radish (Raphanus Sativus L) In Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Liver Injury In Rats, Ayhan Atasever, Duygu Yaman Gram, Gorkem Ekebas, Nurhan Ertas Onmaz, Meryem Senturk, Meryem Eren, Lutfiye Ekici

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

In this study, the possible protective effect of red radish containing total phenolic content and antioxidant components on histopathological and immuno histochemical active caspase-3, TNF-α and Iba-1, serum ALT activity, triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, liver malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) levels were evaluated in CCl4induced liver injury in Wistar rats. The rats were randomly divided into six groups (n= 12 to each group). The first group was used as a control which was given only intraperitoneal 0.9% NaCl (0.2 mL / kg / bw); while fermented red radish (FRR) at a dose of 250 mg/kg or 500 mg/kg was …

Cardiac Myxoma In The Pulmonary Trunk Of A Canine: Presence Of Mesenchymal Stem-Like Cells, Luis Alfaro, Alexis Enciso, Javier Enciso

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Cardiac myxoma is a rare disease in dogs. Its histogenic origin has not yet been established, but the involvement of mesenchymal stem cells has been suggested in humans. Here we report an encapsulated and benign cardiac myxoma located at the entrance to the pulmonary trunk of the heart of an 8-year-old male Yorkshire Terrier dog presenting sudden death in the absence of clinical symptoms related to cardiac alterations. Hematoxylin/eosin staining demonstrated the mixoid origin of the myxoma, showing abundant hypocellular stroma with polygonal cells, while immunohistochemistry (IHC) corroborated its mesenchymal lineage with the detection of vimentin and α-SMA positive cell …

Correction Of Diaphragmatic Hernia Using The Transverse Colon In A Dog, Dongwook Kim, Gonhyung Kim

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

A 3-year-old female Golden Retriever was referred with weakness, tachypnea and dyspnea. An incomplete diaphragmatic silhouette, gas-filled small intestine and pleural effusion in the thoracic cavitywere revealed in radiographs, implying a diaphragmatic hernia. After laparotomy, the abdominalstructureswere gently retrieved into the abdomen and a defect of 2×7 cm2was found. The transverse colonwas used as an autologous tissue flap for the repair of the defect. There were no complications identified for 2 years after surgery. Thus, patching with the transverse colon can be considered as an alternative for treating a defect in patients with a diaphragmatic hernia.

Antiviral Evaluation Of Bioactive Azo Derivatives To Treat Endemic Poultry Viruses, Tehreem Tahir, Muhammad Ashfaq, Mirza Imran Shahzad, Rukhsana Tabassum

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The present study focused on the synthesis, In Ovoantiviral evaluation and In silicostudy of most active antiviral compounds of the azo series. The synthesis of title compounds was done by the coupling reaction of diazonium salt solutions withactive methylene (1,3-dioxolane and benzimidazole), to yield [(E)-1-(1,3-dioxolan-2-yl)-2-phenyldiazene] (A1), [(E)-1-(1,3-dioxolan-2-yl)-2-(4-methyl-phenyl)diazene] (A2), 2-[(E)-phenyldiazenyl]-1H-benzimidazole] (A3) , [(E)-1-(1,3-dioxolan-2-yl)-2-(4-ethylphenyl)diazene] (A4) and [(E)-1-(1,3-dioxolan-2-yl)-2-(2-methylphenyl)diazene] (A5). The structures of newly synthesized molecules were elucidated by spectroscopic techniques (EI-MS and FT-IR). In Ovoscreening of compounds against avian influenza virus (AIV) H9N2 strain and Newcastle Disease virus (NDV) Lasota strain was done. The evaluation data suggested that azo compound (A5) exhibited the …

Vampire Bats: Preparing For Range Expansion Into The U.S., Michael J. Bodenchuk, David L. Bergman

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

The common vampire bat apparently is expanding its range northwards in Mexico and seems poised to enter the southern United States. Climate models predict suitable habitat in the U.S. in south Texas and parts of southern Arizona. While vampire bats’ northward range expansion is not unexpected, the fact that this species brings a strain of rabies that impacts livestock and people warrants a strategic response. Annual economic damages from bats are estimated between $7M and $9M, largely associated with deaths of livestock from rabies. To prepare for the emerging rabies issue, USDA Wildlife Services programs in Texas and Arizona have …

The P-Glycoprotein Repertoire Of The Equine Parasitic Nematode Parascaris Univalens, Alexander P. Gerhard, Jürgen Krücken, Emanuel Heitlinger, I. Jana I. Janssen, Marta Basiaga, Sławomir Kornaś, Céline Beier, Martin K. Nielsen, Richard E. Davis, Jianbin Wang, Georg Von Samson-Himmelstjerna

Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center Faculty Publications

P-glycoproteins (Pgp) have been proposed as contributors to the widespread macrocyclic lactone (ML) resistance in several nematode species including a major pathogen of foals, Parascaris univalens. Using new and available RNA-seq data, ten different genomic loci encoding Pgps were identified and characterized by transcriptome-guided RT-PCRs and Sanger sequencing. Phylogenetic analysis revealed an ascarid-specific Pgp lineage, Pgp-18, as well as two paralogues of Pgp-11 and Pgp-16. Comparative gene expression analyses in P. univalens and Caenorhabditis elegans show that the intestine is the major site of expression but individual gene expression patterns were not conserved between the two nematodes. In P. …

An Evaluation Of Bird And Bat Mortality At Wind Turbines In The Northeastern United States, Daniel Y. Choi, Thomas W. Wittig, Bryan M. Kluever

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Wind energy offers substantial environmental benefits, but wind facilities can negatively impact wildlife, including birds and bats. Researchers and managers have made major efforts to chronicle bird and bat mortality associated with wind facilities, but few studies have examined the patterns and underlying mechanisms of spatial patterns of fatalities at wind facilities. Understanding the horizontal fall distance between a carcass and the nearest turbine pole is important in designing effective search protocols and estimating total mortality. We explored patterns in taxonomic composition and fall distance of bird and bat carcasses at wind facilities in the Northeastern United States using publicly …