Other Plant Sciences Commons^™

Seed Quality Qtl In A Prominent Soybean Population, D. L. Hyten Jr., V. R. Pantalone, C. E. Sams, A. M. Saxon, D. Landau-Ellis, T. R. Stefaniak, M. E. Schmidt

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is a versatile crop due to its multitude of uses as a high protein meal and vegetable oil. Soybean seed traits such as seed protein and oil concentration and seed size are important quantitative traits. The objective of this study was to identify representative protein, oil, and seed size quantitative trait loci (QTL) in soybean. A recombinant inbred line (RIL) population consisting of 131 F6-derived lines was created from two prominent ancestors of North American soy-beans (‘Essex’ and ‘Williams’) and the RILs were grown in six environments. One hundred simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers …

Molecular Differentiation Of Two Sibling Species Of The Black Fly Simulium Vittatum (Diptera: Simuliidae) Based On Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna, G. A. Duncan, P. H. Adler, K. P. Pruess, Thomas O. Powers

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

Larvae of the black fly morphospecies Simulium vittatum from Colorado, Montana, Nebraska, and New Hampshire were cytologically identified as either the IS-7 or the IIIL-1 cytospecies. DNA was PCR amplified from cytotyped larvae using eight 10-mer primers, labeled with ₃₃P, and run on polyacrylamide gels. The entire data set of 96 amplicons produced incomplete separation of the two cytospecies when subjected to neighbor-joining and maximum parsimony analyses. However, when analyzed within geographical regions, separate species status was supported. Boot- strap support for distinctness of the two cytospecies was best in Colorado where they were collected in true sympatry. The …

The Hopptof Locus Of Pseudomonas Syringae Pv. Tomato Dc3000 Encodes A Type Iii Chaperone And A Cognate Effector, Libo Shan, Hye-Sook Oh, Jianfu Chen, Ming Guo, Jianmin Zhou, James R. Alfano, Alan Collmer, Xu Jia, Xiaoyan Tang

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

Type III secretion systems are highly conserved among gram-negative plant and animal pathogenic bacteria. Through the type III secretion system, bacteria inject a number of virulence proteins into the host cells. Analysis of the whole genome sequence of Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 strain identified a locus, named HopPtoF, that is homologous to the avirulence gene locus avrPphF in P. syringae pv. phaseolicola. The HopPtoF locus harbors two genes, ShcF_Pto and HopF_Pto, that are preceded by a single hrp box promoter. We present evidence here to show that ShcF_Pto and HopF_Pto encode a type …

Effects Of Choline, Betaine, And Wheat Floral Extracts On Growth Of Fusarium Graminearum, Jessica S. Engle, Patrick E. Lipps, Terry L. Graham, Michael J. Boehm

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

Fusarium head blight has been more severe when infection occurs during anthesis, indicating that floral organs may be important infection courts. Choline acetate and glycinebetaine have been extracted from wheat and reported to be growth stimulants of Fusarium graminearum. They are hypothesized to enhance infection and tissue colonization. Growth of F. graminearum was examined on media amended with extracts from floral parts of nine wheat genotypes with various Fusarium head blight resistance levels. Results indicated no significant effect of anther, palea, or lemma extracts on radial growth when compared with unamended controls. Effects on spore germination and hyphal growth …

Nematode Molecular Diagnostics: From Bands To Barcodes, Tom Powers

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

Nematodes are considered among the most difficult animals to identify. DNA-based diagnostic methods have already gained acceptance in applications ranging from quarantine determinations to assessments of biodiversity. Researchers are currently in an information-gathering mode, with intensive efforts applied to accumulating nucleotide sequence of 18S and 28S ribosomal genes, internally transcribed spacer regions, and mitochondrial genes. Important linkages with collateral data such as digitized images, video clips and specimen voucher web pages are being established on GenBank and NemATOL, the nematode-specific Tree of Life database. The growing DNA taxonomy of nematodes has lead to their use in testing specific short sequences …

Type Iii Secretion System Effector Proteins: Double Agents In Bacterial Disease And Plant Defense, James R. Alfano, Alan Collmer

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

Many phytopathogenic bacteria inject virulence effector proteins into plant cells via a Hrp type III secretion system (TTSS). Without the TTSS, these pathogens cannot defeat basal defenses, grow in plants, produce disease lesions in hosts, or elicit the hypersensitive response (HR) in nonhosts. Pathogen genome projects employing bioinformatic methods to identify TTSS Hrp regulon promoters and TTSS pathway targeting signals suggest that phytopathogenic Pseudomonas, Xanthomonas, and Ralstonia spp. harbor large arsenals of effectors. The Hrp TTSS employs cus- tomized cytoplasmic chaperones, conserved export components in the bacterial en- velope (also used by the TTSS of animal pathogens), and …

Nebline, January 2004

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Rural Living Carries Rewards, Responsibilities
Monthly “Acreage Insights” Clinics Focus on Rural Living Topics
Caring for Florist Azaleas
Garden Guide
Starting Avocado Seeds
Growing Norfolk Island Pines
Prevention and Control of Rabbit Damage
Don’t Let the Bed Bugs Bite!
Birds Need Water in Winter Too
Use Compact Fluorescent Lamps to Save Energy
Crop Protection Clinic Scheduled for Jan. 7
Off-Farm Income Important to Farm Families
Private Pesticide Applicator Training
Sorghum Seminars Scheduled
Use Portable Generators Carefully
Unused and Abandoned Wells
Put In The Big Rocks First!
Touchdown Beef Chili Recipe
10,000 Steps for Health
Serving Soup - Safely!
Tips for …

Using Multi-Spectral Imagery To Evaluate Corn Grown Under Nitrogen And Drought Stressed Conditions, Shannon L. Osborne, James S. Schepers, Mike R. Schlemmer

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

The in-season estimation of crop stresses which have the potential of adversely affecting crop yield and/or quality could allow producers to make in-season management decisions to correct for the particular stress. A field study was conducted to evaluate the use of multispectral imagery for estimating corn (Zea mays L.) grain yield, in-season biomass and nitrogen (N) concentration under varying N and drought stresses. The experiment was a split-plot design with three replications using a factorial arrangement of treatments. Three irrigation (whole-plot) treatments included dry land, irrigation based on 0.5, and full evapotranspiration (ET). Sub-plot treatments included five N …

Expression Of A Putative Flavonoid 3'-Hydroxylase In Sorghum Mesocotyls Synthesizing 3-Deoxyanthocyanidin Phytoalexins, Jayanand Boddu, Catherine Svabek, Rajandeep Sekhon, Amanda Gevens, Ralph L. Nicholson, A. Daniel Jones, Jeffrey F. Pedersen, David L. Gustine, Surinder Chopra

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

In sorghum, ingress of Cochliobolus heterostrophus stimulates the synthesis of 3-deoxyanthocyanidins that act as phytoalexins. Apigeninidin and luteolinidin are two major phytoalexins induced in the first 24 h after infection. In an attempt to understand genetic regulation of the biosynthesis of sorghum phytoalexins, we isolated a differentially expressed partial cDNA. Characterization and comparison showed that this cDNA sequence corresponds to a putative flavonoid 3’-hydroxylase. Full length sequence characterization allowed us to establish that the sorghum putative f3’h cDNA encodes a peptide of 517 amino acids that has domains conserved among cytochrome P450 proteins functioning in …

Molecular Mapping And Identification Of Soybean Fatty Acid Modifier Quantitative Trait Loci, D. L. Hyten Jr., Vincent R. Pantalone, Arnold M. Saxton, Michael E. Schmidt, Carl E. Sams

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Altering FA content in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] oil for improved functionality is a research goal of many soybean breeders. Several of the genes that alter palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic, and linolenic acids are modifier genes with small effects, causing these FA traits to act as quantitative traits. The objective of this study was to identify modifier FA quantitative trait loci (QTL) in soybean. A recombinant inbred line population was created from two prominent ancestors of currently avail-able U.S. cultivars (Essex and Williams) and grown in five environments. One hundred simple se-quence repeat markers spaced throughout the genome …

Implementation Of A Mitochondrial Mutator, Sally Mackenzie, Ricardo Vilela Abdelnoor

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Plant MSH1 polynucleotides and polypeptides are described. Also described are methods for the use and modulation of such MSH1 polynucleotides and polypeptides.

Predicting Phenological Development In Winter Wheat, Qingwu Xue, Albert Weiss, P. Stephen Baenziger

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Accurate prediction of phenological development is important in the winter wheat Triticum aestivum agroecosystem. From a practical perspective, applications of pesticides and fertilizers are carried out at specific phenological stages. In crop-simulation modeling, the prediction of yield components (kernel number and kernel weight) and wheat-grain yield relies on accurate prediction of phenology. In this study, a nonlinear multiplicative model by Wang & Engel (WE) for predicting phenological development in differing winter wheat cultivars was evaluated using data from a 3 yr field experiment. In the vegetative phase (emergence to anthesis) the daily development rate (r) was simulated based on the …

Center For Grassland Studies Newsletter, Winter 2003, Volume 9, No. 1

Center for Grassland Studies: Newsletters

Planning for Bison Grazing on Native Rangeland by Kristin Miller, USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service

Pooled Sales Add Value to Cull Cows by Rebekka Martin and Jana Beckman

The Grass Dance

UNL Offers Online Course in Turf Diseases

Second National Conference on Grazing Lands

Seed Dormancy – the Uncertainty in Native Grass Seeding

Prairie Pines to Benefit UNL Programs by Steven Ress, Water Center, UNL

Platte River Trust Begins Study of Birds Breeding in Grasslands by Felipe Chavez-Ramirez, Platte River Whooping Crane Maintenance Trust

A Comparison Of Clearcut And Shelterwood Harvesting Effects On Understory Vegetation In Central Virginia Piedmont Forests, Lorelei J. Hartman

Theses & Honors Papers

I compared clearcutting and shelterwood harvesting effects on all understory vegetation (woody and nonwoody) in Piedmont hardwood forests. Clearcutting and shelterwood harvesting are both even.-aged management practices, put in contrast to clearcutting, the shelterwood method retains selected trees as partial canopy. The retained canopy is reported to be beneficial to desired tree species and restrict competition of undesired tree species, grasses and shrubs.·Research comparing the shelterwood method to clearcutting has been limited , particularly in hardwood forests. We collected data on understory plant communities in clearcut, low-leave shelterwood, and mature forest sites (not harvested in

at least 100 years). Percent …

Gaca, The Response Regulator Of A Two-Component System, Acts As A Master Regulator In Pseudomonas Syringae Pv. Tomato Dc3000 By Controlling Regulatory Rna, Transcriptional Activators, And Alternate Sigma Factors, Asita Chatterjee, Yaya Cui, Hailian Yang, Alan Collmer, James R. Alfano, Arun K. Chatterjee

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

Concerted investigations of factors affecting host-pathogen interactions are now possible with the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana and its model pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000, as their whole genome sequences have become available. As a prelude to analysis of the regulatory genes and their targets, we have focused on GacA, the response regulator of a two-component system. The DC3000 gene was cloned by testing for the reversal of phenotypes of an Erwinia GacA– mutant. A GacA– mutant of DC3000 constructed by marker exchange produces much-reduced levels of transcripts of three alternate sigma factors: HrpL, required for the production of effector …

Nebline, November/December 2003

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

ABC’s for Good Health because Every Woman Matters!
Stretch Your Food Dollar - Create-A-Casserole Chart
Preparing and Using Pine Cones For Decoration
Forcing Spring-Flowering Bulbs
Garden Guide
Choosing and Caring for Indoor Trees
Understanding Nebraska’s Open Burning Law
“Megaforces of Agriculture” Seminar
Storage Methods to Reduce Hay Losses
Fall is a Great Time to Control Winter Annual Weeds
Consider Stand Density, Weeds When Rotating Alfalfa
Thoroughly Modern Thanksgiving: Turkey Cooking Tips
Healthy Eating: Enjoy Nebraska Foods
Making Changes in Eating Behavior
Web Resources of the Month
Lines from Lynn
Household Hints: Holiday Stain Removal for Washable Fabrics
FCE Achievement Night …

Center For Grassland Studies Newsletter, Fall 2003, Volume 9, No. 4

Center for Grassland Studies: Newsletters

Students: Study Sustainable Animal Systems in Norway! by Charles Francis, Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, UNL

High Plains Partnership: Conserving High-priority Species in Cooperation with Private Landowners

Private Individuals Can Now Provide and Receive Conservation Technical Assistance with TechReg

Legumes Boost Quality in Bromegrass Pastures

Nebraska Agriculture Industry Partnership Formed

UNL Scientists Earn $1.8 million NSF Grant to Study Sandhills Ecosystem

Online Forage and Grazinglands Journal Part of Plant Management Network

Nebline, October 2003

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Check Your Home for Biological Pollutants
Growing Hardy Bulbs
Garden Guide
Time for Garden Cleanup
Storing Vegetables
Horticulture Information Center
Hints for Fruit Storage
Get Started on Your Winter Bird Feeding Program
Hedge Apples: Not a Good Insect Repellent
What are Zoonoses?
Last Household Hazardous Waste Collection!
Don’t Become a Farm Accident Statistic
Add Lime Now for Next Spring’s Alfalfa
Fatality Rate Higher for Senior Farmers
Protect Hearing on the Farm
Preparing an Emergency Water Supply
Site Evaluation
Maintaining Rubber Tires on Farm Equipment
ATVenture Workshop at Halsey 4-H Camp
Ak-Sar-Ben Youth Expo Winners
Charter Club Applications Due Oct. 31 …

Nebline, September 2003

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Food Safety Q & A Is This Food Still Safe to Eat?
Garden Guide
Planting Under Established Trees
Seasonal Needle Drop on Evergreens
Drying Gourds
Horticulture Information Center
Is it Really a “Sweat Bee”?
Odd Insects Found in Late Summer
West Nile Virus Alert!
West Nile Virus Q &A
Fall Livestock and Grain Price Outlook Meeting Scheduled
Time to Control Problem Weeds
Preparing Bins to Maintain Grain Quality, Value
Biosolids Increase Yields While Reducing Fertilizer Costs
Burning Wood Safely in a Stove or Fireplace
Water Quality Standards Apply To Public, Not Private Drinking Water
Lagoon Design and Construction
Store It, …

Effects Of Modification Of The Transcription Initiation Site Context On Citrus Tristeza Virus Subgenomic Rna Synthesis, Maria A. Ayllon, Siddarame Gowda, Satyanarayana Tatineni, Alexander V. Karasev, Scott Adkins, Munir Mawassi, Jose Guerri, Pedro Moreno, William O. Dawson

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

Citrus tristeza virus (CTV), a member of the Closteroviridae, has a positive-sense RNA genome of about 20 kb organized into 12 open reading frames (ORFs). The last 10 ORFs are expressed through 3'-coterminal subgenomic RNAs (sgRNAs) regulated in both amounts and timing. Additionally, relatively large amounts of complementary sgRNAs are produced. We have been unable to determine whether these sgRNAs are produced by internal promotion from the full-length template minus strand or by transcription from the minus-stranded sgRNAs. Understanding the regulation of 10 sgRNAs is a conceptual challenge. In analyzing commonalities of a replicase complex in producing so many …

Sheep Updates 2003 - Posters, Maxine Brown, Gaye Krebs, Diana Fredorenko, Kathryn Edgerton-Warburton, Evan Burt, Nazrul Islam, Roy Butler, L. G. Butler, S. R. Brown, M. F. D'Antuono, J. C. Greeff, Ken Hart, Tanya Kilminster, Rachel Kirby, M. E. Ladyman, A. C. Schlink, I. H. Williams, P. E. Vercoe, Anyou Lui, Karen Smith, Martin Bent, Matthew Young

Sheep Updates

This session covers eleven papers from different authors:1 Sheep production on annual stubbles/pastures vs lucerne Maxine Brown Gaye Krebs Muresk Institute, Curtin University Diana Fedorenko Kathryn Egerton-Warburton Centre for Cropping Systems, Department of Agriculture Western Australia 2. The value chain of the Lake Grace livestock industry Evan Burt Nazrul Islam Department of Agriculture Western Australia 3. Native pastures, Dorper sheep and the 2002 drought Roy Butler Department of Agriculture Western Australia 4. Commercial sheep breeders can improve their sheep breeding program using wether trials L.G. Butler, S.R. Brown, M.F. D’Antuono, J.C. Greeff Department of Agriculture 5. Western Australia Linked ewe …

Nebline, August 2003

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Lessons Learned Through Garbology
Pesticide Disposal Collection Aug. 18
Deadline Approaches to Terminate Verbal Farm Leases
Nebraska Fence Viewer Statutes Cover Fence Issues
Fertilizing Crop Land with Biosolids
West Nile Virus is of Concern to Horse Owners During the Summer
Growing Conifers from Seed
Water Trees According to Soil Type
Recognizing Tree Hazards
Healthy Eating: Enjoy Nebraska Foods
Freezing Peppers and Tomatoes
Teaching Proper Hand Washing to School Children
FREE class: Healthy Cooking for 1 or 2
Web Resources of the Month
Lines from Lynn
Household Hints
September Council Meeting
Achievement Meeting
Leader Training
Re-Organizational Packets
Five Steps to a …

Center For Grassland Studies Newsletter, Summer 2003, Volume 9, No. 3

Center for Grassland Studies: Newsletters

Slopes: Maintenance Hassle or Landscape Asset? by John Fech, Extension Educator, UNL

Potentials and Precautions in Turfgrass Biotechnology by Charles Francis, Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, UNL

Applications for Grassland Reserve Program Due Sep.30

CGS 2003 Fall Seminar Series

CGS Citizens Advisory Council Tours Southeast Nebraska

Reminder of Nebraska Grazing Conference

Nebline, July 2003

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

2003 Lancaster County Fair
Discover 4-H at the Fair!
Fragrance in the Garden
Vegetable Gardening In The Fall
Garden Guide
Powdery Mildew on Ornamentals
Horticulture Information Center
Landfill Rates Haven.t Changed Since 1996
Adult Mosquito Control
Landfill 2003 Fees
About Opossums
Visit 4-H Web Cam
Selling CRP Land? What You Should Know
Plant Alfalfa in August
Nitrate Sampling Strategies
Don.t Forget About Prussic Acid
Farmers Market Pricing Strategies
Fertilizing Trees
In Dry Weather, Watering More Critical For Some Plants
Handling Food Safely on the Road
Healthy Eating: Enjoy Nebraska Foods
Bowl Them Over with Pears!
Moms Learn About Good Nutrition …

Nebline, June 2003

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Norris Students Get a Grade of Job “Well” Done in Innovative Project
Watch for Squash Vine Borer
Water Use in the Landscape
Low Water Use Flowers for Your Landscape
Garden Guide
Horticulture Information Center
What’s New with Pressure Treated Lumber
West Nile Virus Concerns Horse Owners
Dead Birds Being Accepted for Testing
Do all Mosquitoes Carry West Nile Virus?
Information for Acreage and Small Farm Owners
Time to Harvest Bromegrass Hay
Ammoniate Wheat Straw for Extra Feed
2003 Pesticide Container Recycling Dates
Tanks vs. Ponds and Creeks for Livestock Water
Preparing the Lawn for a Potential Drought
Fertilizing Azaleas
Know …

Center For Grassland Studies Newsletter, Spring 2003, Volume 9, No. 2

Center for Grassland Studies: Newsletters

Turfgrass Biotechnology – 2003 Update by Terrance Riordan, Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, UNL

Ecosystem Consequences of Trees in Grasslands: Insights from Bessey’s Forest by David Wedin, School of Natural Resource Sciences, UNL

UNL Offers New Professional Golf Management Program

Richard Knight to Speak on Biodiversity on Rangelands Oct. 20

2003 Nebraska Grazing Conference in Kearney August 11-12

National Speakers to be Featured at Brush Creek Ranch Conference & Field Day

Iowa Prairie Conference: The Practical Prairie

Nebline, May 2003

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Grasshoppers Thrive in Drought Conditions
Grasshopper Identification
Reducing Energy Bills for Irrigation
2003 Pesticide Container Recycling Dates
Latest U.S. Drought Monitor Map
Buffalograss - The Other Green Grass
Careful Spraying is a Key to Preventing Foliage Damage
Squirrels Cause Spring Frustration
Weather & Climate Information on the Web
Weed Control Essential for New Seedlings
How to Fill Up, Not Out! (Part 2)
Healthy Eating: Enjoy Nebraska Foods
Fitness For You!
Web Resources of the Month
Lines from Lynn
Household Hints: Storing Garments
  Family Community Education (FCE) Council Meeting
Sizzling Summer Sampler
When Times are Tough: In the Aftermath of War …

Induced Resistance As A Mechanism Of Biological Control By Lysobacter Enzymogenes Strain C3, Ozlem Kilic-Ekici, Gary Y. Yuen

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

Induced resistance was found to be a mechanism for biological control of leaf spot, caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana, in tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) using the bacterium Lysobacter enzymogenes strain C3. Resistance elicited by C3 suppressed germination of B. sorokiniana conidia on the phylloplane in addition to reducing the severity of leaf spot. The pathogen-inhibitory effect could be separated from antibiosis by using heat-inactivated cells of C3 that retained no antifungal activity. Application of live or heat-killed cells to tall fescue leaves resulted only in localized resistance confined to the treated leaf, whereas treatment of roots resulted in …

Nebline, April 2003

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

Plant and Pest Diagnostic Services Can Help You!
The Value of the Correct Diagnosis
Planning to Plant a Tree? Read This First!
What Day is Arbor Day?
Garden Guide
Easter Lily Care Take A Field Trip To Audubon Spring Creek Prairie
Termite Control Workshop May 22
Walk for the Birds
Summary of 2002 Nebraska West Nile Virus Surveillance Results
Household Hazardous Waste Collections for 2003
Security Concerns for Pesticides or Fertilizers
Graze Conservatively Following Drought Year
Nebraska Pioneer Farm Awards Deadline May 1
Managing Fertilizer Use in Dry Soils
Latest U.S. Drought Monitor Map
Preparing the Lawn for a Potential …

A Bt Transgene Reduces Herbivory And Enhances Fecundity In Wild Sunflowers, A. A. Snow, Diana Pilson, L. H. Rieseberg, M. J. Paulsen, N. Pleskac, M. R. Reagon, D. E. Wolf, S. M. Selbo

Diana Pilson Publications

Gene flow from transgenic crops can introduce novel traits into related species, but the ecological importance of this process is unknown. Here, we report the first empirical evidence that wild plants can benefit from a bacterial transgene under uncaged, natural conditions. Cultivated sunflower (Helianthus annuus) is known to hybridize frequently with wild sunflower (H. annuus) in the western and midwestern United States. We studied a crop-developed Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) transgene, cry1Ac, in backcrossed wild sunflower populations. Lepidopteran damage on transgenic plants was strongly reduced relative to control plants at our two study sites, while damage …