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Articles 1231 - 1260 of 1698

Full-Text Articles in Botany

Comparison Of Winter Strawberry Production In A Commercial Heated High Tunnel Versus A University Greenhouse, Ellen T. Paparozzi, Ryan Pekarek, George E. Meyer, Stacy A. Adams, M. Elizabeth Conley, David P. Lambe, Paul Read, Erin E. Blankenship Jan 2014

Comparison Of Winter Strawberry Production In A Commercial Heated High Tunnel Versus A University Greenhouse, Ellen T. Paparozzi, Ryan Pekarek, George E. Meyer, Stacy A. Adams, M. Elizabeth Conley, David P. Lambe, Paul Read, Erin E. Blankenship

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

For the past 4 years, the University of Nebraska strawberry team has worked to develop low cost, sustainable methods for farmers and growers to produce strawberries in a double polyethylene greenhouse during the winter. This past year, this growing system was adapted to become a commercial grower’s heated high tunnel for the winter/spring of 2013-14. The idea was to scale up to a farm-size demonstration and compare it to the university greenhouse production system with a goal to expand marketing opportunities for strawberries into the winter season.

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Switchgrass (Panicum Virgatum L) Flag Leaf Transcriptomes Reveal Molecular Signatures Of Leaf Development, Senescence, And Mineral Dynamics, Nathan A. Palmer, Teresa Donze-Reiner, David Horvath, Tiffany Heng-Moss, Brian M. Waters, Christian M. Tobias, Gautam Sarath Jan 2014

Switchgrass (Panicum Virgatum L) Flag Leaf Transcriptomes Reveal Molecular Signatures Of Leaf Development, Senescence, And Mineral Dynamics, Nathan A. Palmer, Teresa Donze-Reiner, David Horvath, Tiffany Heng-Moss, Brian M. Waters, Christian M. Tobias, Gautam Sarath

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Switchgrass flag leaves can be expected to be a source of carbon to the plant, and its senescence is likely to impact the remobilization of nutrients from the shoots to the rhizomes. However, many genes have not been assigned a function in specific stages of leaf development. Here, we characterized gene expression in flag leaves over their development. By merging changes in leaf chlorophyll and the expression of genes for chlorophyll biosynthesis and degradation, a four-phase molecular roadmap for switchgrass flag leaf ontogeny was developed. Genes associated with early leaf development were up-regulated in phase 1. Phase 2 leaves had …

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Greenhouse Gas Emissions From Soil Treated With Dung Pats, Kenneth Evans, Ana Wingeyer, Martha Mamo, Walter H. Schacht, Pamela Sutton, Kent M. Eskridge Jan 2014

Greenhouse Gas Emissions From Soil Treated With Dung Pats, Kenneth Evans, Ana Wingeyer, Martha Mamo, Walter H. Schacht, Pamela Sutton, Kent M. Eskridge

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Fate Of C And N From Dung Pats Into Soil, Kenneth Evans, Ana Wingeyer, Martha Mamo, Pamela Sutton, Jeff Bradshaw, Kent M. Eskridge, Matt Judkins, Jenna Beckmann, Erin Hatch Jan 2014

Fate Of C And N From Dung Pats Into Soil, Kenneth Evans, Ana Wingeyer, Martha Mamo, Pamela Sutton, Jeff Bradshaw, Kent M. Eskridge, Matt Judkins, Jenna Beckmann, Erin Hatch

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Quantitative Proteomic Analysis Of The Salmonella-Lettuce Interaction, Yuping Zhang, Renu Nandakumar, Shannon L. Bartelt-Hunt, Daniel D. Snow, Laurie Hodges, Xu Li Jan 2014

Quantitative Proteomic Analysis Of The Salmonella-Lettuce Interaction, Yuping Zhang, Renu Nandakumar, Shannon L. Bartelt-Hunt, Daniel D. Snow, Laurie Hodges, Xu Li

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Human pathogens can internalize food crops through root and surface uptake and persist inside crop plants. The goal of the study was to elucidate the global modulation of bacteria and plant protein expression after Salmonella internalizes lettuce. A quantitative proteomic approach was used to analyse the protein expression of Salmonella enterica serovar Infantis and lettuce cultivar Green Salad Bowl 24 h after infiltrating S. Infantis into lettuce leaves. Among the 50 differentially expressed proteins identified by comparing internalized S. Infantis against S. Infantis grown in Luria Broth, proteins involved in glycolysis were down-regulated, while one protein involved in ascorbate …

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Quantitative Trait Loci (Qtl) That Underlie Scn Resistance In Soybean [Glycine Max (L.) Merr.] Pi438489b By ‘Hamilton’ Recombinant Inbred Line (Ril) Population, Kassem My Abdelmajid, Laura Ramos, D. L. Hyten, Jason Bond, Abdelhafid Bendahmane, Prakash R. Arelli, Victor N. Njiti, Silvia Cianzio, Stella K. Kantartzi, Khalid Meksem Jan 2014

Quantitative Trait Loci (Qtl) That Underlie Scn Resistance In Soybean [Glycine Max (L.) Merr.] Pi438489b By ‘Hamilton’ Recombinant Inbred Line (Ril) Population, Kassem My Abdelmajid, Laura Ramos, D. L. Hyten, Jason Bond, Abdelhafid Bendahmane, Prakash R. Arelli, Victor N. Njiti, Silvia Cianzio, Stella K. Kantartzi, Khalid Meksem

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Soybean cyst nematode caused by Heterodera glycines Ichinohe is the most devastating pest in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. Resistance to SCN is complex, polygenic, race and cultivar specific, and it is controlled by several quantitative trait loci (QTL). Our objective was to identify and map QTL for SCN resistance to races 3 (HG Type 0) and 5 (HG Type 2.5.7) using a high density SNP-based genetic linkage map based on the PI438489B by ‘Hamilton’ (PIxH, n=50) recombinant inbred line population. The PI438489B by Hamilton map contained 648 SNPs distributed on 31 LGs with coverage of 1,524.7 cM and …

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Phytophthora Root Rot Resistance In Soybean E00003, Zhongnan Zhang, Jianjun Hao, Jiazheng Yuan, Qijian Song, D. L. Hyten, P. B. Cregan, Guorong Zhang, Cuihua Gu, Ming Li, Dechun Wang Jan 2014

Phytophthora Root Rot Resistance In Soybean E00003, Zhongnan Zhang, Jianjun Hao, Jiazheng Yuan, Qijian Song, D. L. Hyten, P. B. Cregan, Guorong Zhang, Cuihua Gu, Ming Li, Dechun Wang

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Phytophthora root rot (PRR) is a devastating disease in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] production. Michigan elite soybean E00003 is resistant to Phytophthora sojae and has been used as a resistance source in breeding. Genetic control of PRR resistance in this source is unknown. To facilitate marker-assisted selection (MAS), the PRR resistance loci in E00003 and their map locations need to be determined. In this study, a genetic mapping approach was used to identify major PRR -resistant loci in E00003. The mapping population consists of 240 F4–derived lines developed by crossing E00003 with the P. sojae susceptible …

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Mapping The Low Palmitate Fap1 Mutation And Validation Of Its Effects In Soybean Oil And Agronomic Traits In Three Soybean Populations, Andrea J. Cardinal, Rebecca Whetten, Sanbao Wang, Jérôme Auclair, D. L. Hyten, P. B. Cregan, Eleni Bachlava, Jason Gillman, Martha Ramirez, Ralph Dewey, Greg Upchurch, Lilian Miranda, Joesph W. Burton Jan 2014

Mapping The Low Palmitate Fap1 Mutation And Validation Of Its Effects In Soybean Oil And Agronomic Traits In Three Soybean Populations, Andrea J. Cardinal, Rebecca Whetten, Sanbao Wang, Jérôme Auclair, D. L. Hyten, P. B. Cregan, Eleni Bachlava, Jason Gillman, Martha Ramirez, Ralph Dewey, Greg Upchurch, Lilian Miranda, Joesph W. Burton

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Soybean oil with reduced palmitic acid content is desirable to reduce the health risks associated with consumption of this fatty acid. The objectives of this study were: to identify the genomic location of the reduced palmitate fap1 mutation, determine its molecular basis, estimate the amount of phenotypic variation in fatty acid composition explained by this locus, determine if there are epistatic interactions between the fap1 and fapnc loci and, determine if the fap1 mutation has pleiotropic effects on seed yield, oil and protein content in three soybean populations. This study detected two major QTL for 16:0 content located in …

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Identification Of New Qtls For Seed Mineral, Cysteine, And Methionine Concentrations In Soybean [Glycine Max (L.) Merr.], Raghuprakash Kastoori Ramamurthy, Joseph Jedlicka, George L. Graef, Brian M. Waters Jan 2014

Identification Of New Qtls For Seed Mineral, Cysteine, And Methionine Concentrations In Soybean [Glycine Max (L.) Merr.], Raghuprakash Kastoori Ramamurthy, Joseph Jedlicka, George L. Graef, Brian M. Waters

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Increased concentrations of important nutrients in edible parts of plants could result in biofortified foods. Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is a major legume crop and an important source of certain nutrients, including protein and minerals, in human and animal diets. Understanding the underlying genetic basis of seed composition is crucial to improving seed nutrient composition. In this study we used three soybean recombinant inbred line mapping populations derived from the crosses Williams 82 × DSR-173, Williams 82 × NKS19-90 and Williams 82 × Vinton 81, and constructed a joint linkage map from these populations. Forty quantitative trait loci (QTLs) …

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The Interaction Of Climate Change, Land Cover, And Political Representation In The Usa, Brady W. Allred, Dirac L. Twidwell, Samuel D. Fuhlendorf Jan 2014

The Interaction Of Climate Change, Land Cover, And Political Representation In The Usa, Brady W. Allred, Dirac L. Twidwell, Samuel D. Fuhlendorf

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

The difficulties in tackling climate change are inherently complex and primarily centered on political and social values. This is evident in the United States where political divisions and polarizations are fundamental barriers to advancing national policies, which in turn hinder international agreements, mitigation, and adaptation. Within the United States, the vast majority of agricultural and natural resource lands are projected to incur significant climate departures and are represented by the Republican Party. The resources and economic sectors that will be directly affected by climate change are represented by national leadership that is unlikely to accept policies to prevent or adapt …

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Development Of Scar Markers And Up-Pcr Cross-Hybridization Method For Specific Detection Of Four Major Subgroups Of Rhizoctonia From Infected Turfgrasses, Bimal S. Amaradasa, Dilip Lakshman, Brandon J. Horvath, Keenan Amundsen Jan 2014

Development Of Scar Markers And Up-Pcr Cross-Hybridization Method For Specific Detection Of Four Major Subgroups Of Rhizoctonia From Infected Turfgrasses, Bimal S. Amaradasa, Dilip Lakshman, Brandon J. Horvath, Keenan Amundsen

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

A rapid identification assay for Waitea circinata (anamorph: Rhizoctonia spp.) varieties zeae and circinata causing patch diseases on turfgrasses was developed based on the universally primed PCR (UPPCR) products cross-blot hybridization. Tester isolates belonging to the two varieties of W. circinata were amplified with a single UP primer L21, which generated multiple DNA fragments for each variety. Probes were prepared with UP-PCR products of each tester isolate by labeling with digoxigenin. Fieldcollected W. circinata isolates and representative isolates of different R. solani anastomosis groups (AG) and AG subgroups were amplified with L21, immobilized on nylon membrane and cross hybridized with …

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Drought Effects On Composition And Yield For Corn Stover, Mixed Grasses, And Miscanthus As Bioenergy Feedstocks, Rachel Emerson, Amber Hoover, Allison Ray, Jeffrey Lacey, Marnie Cortez, Courtney Payne, Douglas L. Karlen, Stuart Birrell, David Laird, Robert Kallenbach, Josh Egenolf, Matthew Sousek, Thomas Voigt Jan 2014

Drought Effects On Composition And Yield For Corn Stover, Mixed Grasses, And Miscanthus As Bioenergy Feedstocks, Rachel Emerson, Amber Hoover, Allison Ray, Jeffrey Lacey, Marnie Cortez, Courtney Payne, Douglas L. Karlen, Stuart Birrell, David Laird, Robert Kallenbach, Josh Egenolf, Matthew Sousek, Thomas Voigt

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Drought conditions in 2012 were some of the most severe in recent history. The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of drought on quality, quantity, and theoretical ethanol yield (TEY) of three bioenergy feedstocks, corn stover, mixed grasses from Conservation Reserve Program lands, and Miscanthus × giganteus. To assess drought effects on these feedstocks, samples from 2010 (minimal to no drought) and 2012 (severe drought) were compared from multiple locations in the US. In all feedstocks, drought significantly increased extractives and reduced structural sugars and lignin; subsequently, TEYs were reduced 10–15%. Biomass yields were significantly reduced …

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Nonsyntenic Genes Drive Highly Dynamic Complementation Of Gene Expression In Maize Hybrids, Anja Paschold, Nick B. Larson, Caroline Marcon, James C. Schnable, Cheng-Ting Yeh, Christa Lanz, Dan Nettleton, Hans-Peter Piepho, Patrick S. Schnable, Frank Hochholdinger Jan 2014

Nonsyntenic Genes Drive Highly Dynamic Complementation Of Gene Expression In Maize Hybrids, Anja Paschold, Nick B. Larson, Caroline Marcon, James C. Schnable, Cheng-Ting Yeh, Christa Lanz, Dan Nettleton, Hans-Peter Piepho, Patrick S. Schnable, Frank Hochholdinger

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Maize (Zea mays) displays an exceptional level of structural genomic diversity, which is likely unique among higher eukaryotes. In this study, we surveyed how the genetic divergence of two maize inbred lines affects the transcriptomic landscape in four different primary root tissues of their F1-hybrid progeny. An extreme instance of complementation was frequently observed: genes that were expressed in only one parent but in both reciprocal hybrids. This single-parent expression (SPE) pattern was detected for 2341 genes with up to 1287 SPE patterns per tissue. As a consequence, the number of active genes in hybrids exceeded that of …

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Dt2 Is A Gain-Of-Function Mads-Domain Factor Gene That Specifies Semideterminacy In Soybean, Jieqing Ping, Yunfeng Liu, Lianjun Sun, Meixia Zhao, Yinghui Li, Zongxiang Tang, Hanh Nguyen, Zhixi Tian, Lijuan Qiu, Randall L. Nelson, Thomas E. Clemente, James Specht, Jianxin Ma Jan 2014

Dt2 Is A Gain-Of-Function Mads-Domain Factor Gene That Specifies Semideterminacy In Soybean, Jieqing Ping, Yunfeng Liu, Lianjun Sun, Meixia Zhao, Yinghui Li, Zongxiang Tang, Hanh Nguyen, Zhixi Tian, Lijuan Qiu, Randall L. Nelson, Thomas E. Clemente, James Specht, Jianxin Ma

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Similar to Arabidopsis thaliana, the wild soybeans (Glycine soja) and many cultivars exhibit indeterminate stem growth specified by the shoot identity gene Dt1, the functional counterpart of Arabidopsis TERMINAL FLOWER1 (TFL1). Mutations in TFL1 and Dt1 both result in the shoot apical meristem (SAM) switching from vegetative to reproductive state to initiate terminal flowering and thus produce determinate stems. A second soybean gene (Dt2) regulating stem growth was identified, which, in the presence of Dt1, produces semideterminate plants with terminal racemes similar to those observed in determinate plants. Here, we report positional …

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Eqtl Networks Reveal Complex Genetic Architecture In The Immature Soybean Seed, Yung-Tsi Bolon, D. Hyten, James H. Orf, Carroll P. Vance, Gary J. Muehlbauer Jan 2014

Eqtl Networks Reveal Complex Genetic Architecture In The Immature Soybean Seed, Yung-Tsi Bolon, D. Hyten, James H. Orf, Carroll P. Vance, Gary J. Muehlbauer

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

The complex network of regulatory factors and interactions involved in transcriptional regulation within the seed is not well understood. To evaluate gene expression regulation in the immature seed, we utilized a genetical genomics approach on a soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] recombinant inbred line (RIL) population and produced a genome-wide expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) dataset. The validity of the dataset was confirmed by mapping the eQTL hotspot for flavonoid biosynthesis-related genes to a region containing repeats of chalcone synthase (CHS) genes known to correspond to the soybean inhibitor locus that regulates seed color. We then identified eQTL for …

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Nebraska’S Groundwater Legacy: Nitrate Contamination Beneath Irrigated Cropland, Mary E. Exner Spaulding, Aaron J. Hirsh, Roy F. Spalding Jan 2014

Nebraska’S Groundwater Legacy: Nitrate Contamination Beneath Irrigated Cropland, Mary E. Exner Spaulding, Aaron J. Hirsh, Roy F. Spalding

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

A 31 year record of ~44,000 nitrate analyses in ~11,500 irrigation wells was utilized to depict the decadal expansion of groundwater nitrate contamination (N>10 mg/L) in the irrigated corn-growing areas of eastern and central Nebraska and analyze long-term nitrate concentration trends in 17 management areas (MAs) subject to N fertilizer and budgeting requirements. The 1.3 M contaminated hectares were characterized by irrigation method, soil drainage, and vadose zone thickness and lithology. The areal extent and growth of contaminated groundwater in two predominately sprinkler-irrigated areas was only ~20% smaller beneath well-drained silt loams with thick clayey-silt unsaturated layers and unsaturated …

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Multilocation Corn Stover Harvest Effects On Crop Yields And Nutrient Removal, Douglas L. Karlen, Stuart J. Birrell, Jane M.F. Johnson, Shannon L. Osborne, Thomas E. Schumacher, Gary E. Varvel, Richard B. Ferguson, Jeff M. Novak, James R. Frederick, John M. Baker, John A. Lamb, Paul R. Alder, Greg W. Roth, Emerson D. Nafziger Jan 2014

Multilocation Corn Stover Harvest Effects On Crop Yields And Nutrient Removal, Douglas L. Karlen, Stuart J. Birrell, Jane M.F. Johnson, Shannon L. Osborne, Thomas E. Schumacher, Gary E. Varvel, Richard B. Ferguson, Jeff M. Novak, James R. Frederick, John M. Baker, John A. Lamb, Paul R. Alder, Greg W. Roth, Emerson D. Nafziger

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Corn (Zea mays L.) stover was identified as an important feedstock for cellulosic bioenergy production because of the extensive area upon which the crop is already grown. This report summarizes 239 site-years of field research examining effects of zero, moderate, and high stover removal rates at 36 sites in seven different states. Grain and stover yields from all sites as well as N, P, and K removal from 28 sites are summarized for nine longitude and six latitude bands, two tillage practices (conventional vs no tillage), two stoverharvest methods (machine vs calculated), and two crop rotations {continuous corn (maize) …

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Do Cover Crops Increase Or Decrease Nitrous Oxide Emissions? A Meta-Analysis, Andrea D. Basche, F. E. Miguez, T. C. Kaspar, M. J. Castellano Jan 2014

Do Cover Crops Increase Or Decrease Nitrous Oxide Emissions? A Meta-Analysis, Andrea D. Basche, F. E. Miguez, T. C. Kaspar, M. J. Castellano

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

There are many environmental benefits to incorporating cover crops into crop rotations, such as their potential to decrease soil erosion, reduce nitrate (NO3) leaching, and increase soil organic matter. Some of these benefits impact other agroecosystem processes, such as greenhouse gas emissions. In particular, there is not a consensus in the literature regarding the effect of cover crops on nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions. Compared to site-specific studies, meta-analysis can provide a more general investigation into these effects. Twenty-six peer-reviewed articles including 106 observations of cover crop effects on N2O emissions from the soil surface …

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Challenges And Opportunities In Transdisciplinary Science: The Experience Of Next Generation Scientists In An Agriculture And Climate Research Collaboration, Andrea D. Basche, Gabrielle E. Roesch-Mcnally, Lindsay A. Pease, Christopher D. Eidson, Guy Bou Lahdou, Mike W. Dunbar, Trevor J. Frank, Laura Frescoln, Lei Gu, Ryan Nagelkirk, Jose Pantoja, Adam K. Wilke Jan 2014

Challenges And Opportunities In Transdisciplinary Science: The Experience Of Next Generation Scientists In An Agriculture And Climate Research Collaboration, Andrea D. Basche, Gabrielle E. Roesch-Mcnally, Lindsay A. Pease, Christopher D. Eidson, Guy Bou Lahdou, Mike W. Dunbar, Trevor J. Frank, Laura Frescoln, Lei Gu, Ryan Nagelkirk, Jose Pantoja, Adam K. Wilke

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Agriculture in the twenty-first century faces unprecedented challenges from increasing climate variability to growing demands on natural resources to globalizing economic markets. These emerging agricultural issues, spanning both human and natural dimensions, are uniquely formulated, exceedingly complex, and difficult to address within existing disciplinary domains (Eigenbrode et al. 2007; Reganold et al. 2011; Foley et al. 2005; Hansen et al. 2013). Therefore, the next generation of scientists working on these issues must not only be highly trained within a disciplinary context but must also have the capacity to collaborate with others to solve systems-level problems.

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The Carbon-Nitrogen Balance Of The Nodule And Its Regulation Under Elevated Carbon Dioxide Concentration, Marc Libault Jan 2014

The Carbon-Nitrogen Balance Of The Nodule And Its Regulation Under Elevated Carbon Dioxide Concentration, Marc Libault

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Legumes have developed a unique way to interact with bacteria: in addition to preventing infection from pathogenic bacteria like any other plant, legumes also developed a mutualistic symbiotic relationship with one gender of soil bacteria: rhizobium. This interaction leads to the development of a new root organ, the nodule, where the differentiated bacteria fix for the plant the atmospheric dinitrogen (atmN2). In exchange, the symbiont will benefit from a permanent source of carbon compounds, products of the photosynthesis. The substantial amounts of fixed carbon dioxide dedicated to the symbiont imposed to the plant a tight regulation of the …

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Corn (Zea Mays) Emergence And Early Growth As Influenced By Tansymustard (Descurainia Pinnata) Residue, Rodrigo Werle, Leonardo L. Perez, Lowell D. Sandell, John L. Lindquist Jan 2014

Corn (Zea Mays) Emergence And Early Growth As Influenced By Tansymustard (Descurainia Pinnata) Residue, Rodrigo Werle, Leonardo L. Perez, Lowell D. Sandell, John L. Lindquist

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Farmers have observed reduced early growth of corn in the presence of tansymustard [Descurainia pinnata (Walt.) Britt.], a winter annual weed of the Brassicaceae family. A greenhouse study was conducted to evaluate the effect of tansymustard on corn (Zea mays L.) emergence and early growth. Treatments included corn growing in pots with only tansymustard root residue, with only tansymustard shoot residue, and with whole tansymustard plant residue (roots plus shoots); tansymustard plants treated with glyphosate 2 days after planting (DAP) corn seeds; and a control (no tansymustard residue). Corn emergence was recorded and biomass measured after 4 weeks of …

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Evaluation Of Soilless Media Sensors For Managing Winter-Time Greenhouse Strawberry Production Using A Capmat System, George E. Meyer, Ellen T. Paparozzi, Stacy A. Adams, Diego Scacalossi Voltan Jan 2014

Evaluation Of Soilless Media Sensors For Managing Winter-Time Greenhouse Strawberry Production Using A Capmat System, George E. Meyer, Ellen T. Paparozzi, Stacy A. Adams, Diego Scacalossi Voltan

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

It is important for a greenhouse strawberry grower to know that their capillary mat (CapMat™) fertigation system is working correctly and that plants are receiving the correct amounts of water and fertilizer. Pots with soilless mix are not expected to hold more than 70% water on a volumetric basis. Pots with less than 40% water content continuously are not supplied enough water and nutrients to the plants. Typically, pots located near the manifold distribution system get a little more water than those at the other locations, but water use will really vary according to the factors listed above as well …

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2014 Virginia Wildflower Of The Year: Coral Honeysuckle, Lonicera Sempervirens, W. John Hayden Jan 2014

2014 Virginia Wildflower Of The Year: Coral Honeysuckle, Lonicera Sempervirens, W. John Hayden

Biology Faculty Publications

The flashy red flowers of coral honeysuckle beckon hummingbirds to their sweet nectar. Coral honeysuckle is a twining woody vine, usually climbing on other vegetation but sometimes trailing along the ground; older stems have papery-brown exfoliating bark.

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Morphological And Ecological Investigations Of Species Of Bulrush (Scirpus) In Illinois, Julian G. Moore Jan 2014

Morphological And Ecological Investigations Of Species Of Bulrush (Scirpus) In Illinois, Julian G. Moore

Masters Theses

Two closely related species of bulrush, Scirpus atrovirens (Green bulrush) and Scirpus georgianus (Georgia bulrush), are widely distributed in Illinois. They are difficult to separate in the field, but readily distinguishable under magnification in the lab. These two species have been found in moist meadows, shallow marshes, edges of wet forests, and ditches. The objective of this study was to evaluate the morphological and ecological distinctness of the species with the aim toward discovering and describing other features to distinguish them reliably. Eighty plants of Scirpus atrovirens and 80 of Scirpus georgianus were examined. Fifty S. atrovirens and 50 S. …

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Development Of Leaf Shape And Vein Homologies In Five Species Of The Genus Ipomoea (Convolvulaceae), Austin William Jones Jan 2014

Development Of Leaf Shape And Vein Homologies In Five Species Of The Genus Ipomoea (Convolvulaceae), Austin William Jones

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

Angiosperm leaves are extremely variable in form while predominantly maintaining the function of the primary photosynthetic organ of the plant. Changes in leaf form can result from myriad physiological processes which may be influenced by ecology, physical stimuli, phylogeny, or other factors. In studying the development of divergent leaf forms among closely related species, conserved morphological elements may be identified that are not apparent in the mature form. The genus Ipomoea (Convolvulaceae) contains over 600 species and a wide range in leaf shapes. Five species, I. purpurea, I. coccinea, I. sloteri, I. quamoclit, and I. cairica show a range in …

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Census And Mapping Of Chorro Creek Bog Thistle In Reservoir Canyon, San Luis Obispo, Ca, Tyler Michael Lutz Dec 2013

Census And Mapping Of Chorro Creek Bog Thistle In Reservoir Canyon, San Luis Obispo, Ca, Tyler Michael Lutz

Biological Sciences

Chorro Creek bog thistle (Cirsium fontinale var. obispoense) is a federally endangered variety of Fountain thistle endemic to western San Luis Obispo County. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service knows of nineteen populations, many with multiple colonies. A population was discovered in the Reservoir Canyon Natural Reserve in 2001, but has not been monitored or described since the time of its discovery. In fall of 2013, a census of the population was performed, the four colonies were mapped, and a floristic survey was conducted. A field experiment was initiated to determine if reducing the riparian canopy coverage can …

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Remote Estimation Of Nitrogen And Chlorophyll Contents In Maize At Leaf And Canopy Levels, Michael Schlemmer, Anatoly A. Gitelson, James S. Schepers, Richard B. Ferguson, Y. Peng, J. Shanahan, Donald Rundquist Dec 2013

Remote Estimation Of Nitrogen And Chlorophyll Contents In Maize At Leaf And Canopy Levels, Michael Schlemmer, Anatoly A. Gitelson, James S. Schepers, Richard B. Ferguson, Y. Peng, J. Shanahan, Donald Rundquist

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Leaf and canopy nitrogen (N) status relates strongly to leaf and canopy chlorophyll (Chl) content. Remote sensing is a tool that has the potential to assess N content at leaf, plant, field, regional and global scales. In this study, remote sensing techniques were applied to estimate N and Chl contents of irrigated maize (Zea mays L.) fertilized at five N rates. Leaf N and Chl contents were determined using the red-edge chlorophyll index with R2 of 0.74 and 0.94, respectively. Results showed that at the canopy level, Chl and N contents can be accurately retrieved using green and red-edge Chl …

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Optimal Copper Supply Is Required For Normal Plant Iron Deficiency Responses, Brian M. Waters, Laura C. Armbrust Dec 2013

Optimal Copper Supply Is Required For Normal Plant Iron Deficiency Responses, Brian M. Waters, Laura C. Armbrust

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Iron (Fe) and copper (Cu) homeostasis are tightly linked across biology. Understanding crosstalk between Fe and Cu nutrition could lead to strategies for improved growth on soils with low or excess metals, with implications for agriculture and phytoremediation. Here, we show that Cu and Fe nutrition interact to increase or decrease Fe and/or Cu accumulation in leaves and Fe uptake processes. Leaf Cu concentration increased under low Fe supply, while high Cu lowered leaf Fe concentration. Ferric reductase activity, an indicator of Fe demand, was inhibited at insufficient or high Cu supply. Surprisingly, plants grown without Fe were more susceptible …

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Differences In Temperature Responses Of Achene Types In Centaurea Melitensis, Kandee L. Bain Nov 2013

Differences In Temperature Responses Of Achene Types In Centaurea Melitensis, Kandee L. Bain

LUX: A Journal of Transdisciplinary Writing and Research from Claremont Graduate University

Southern California has a Mediterranean climate with wet winters and hot dry summers. This type of environment is associated with irregular temperature patterns and rainfall, which can be unpredictable. Unpredictable environments, can threaten the germination and survival of plants like Centaurea melitensis. To ensure germination and survival under unpredictable environmental conditions, some plants may develop characteristic structures like cleistogamous flower heads, and in some cases they will develop heteromorphic achenes. Morphological differences between peripheral and center achenes may indicate variable responses to temperature. Additionally, unpredictable environmental conditions may lead to differences in the number of peripheral to center achenes …

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Redbud Seedpods Hold Surprises, W. John Hayden Oct 2013

Redbud Seedpods Hold Surprises, W. John Hayden

Biology Faculty Publications

As fall advances across the Old Dominion, canopies of redbud, the 2013 VNPS Wildflower of the Year, transform themselves from green to gold, revealing seed pods also changing color from pale green to dark chocolaty brown. These seedpods, which may be retained on the tree into winter, are typical legume fruits, the product of the flower’s simple pistil, each containing several seeds. Unlike most legumes, however, redbud seed pods seem disinclined to open and release individual seeds for dispersal. Redbud fruits tend to disperse intact. Once on the ground, the inevitable action of weather and microbes gradually degrades the pod, …

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