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Articles 6841 - 6870 of 16395

Full-Text Articles in Agronomy and Crop Sciences

Climate Change Threats To Semi-Arid Transhumance Grazing Systems: Proposals For Adaptation In Cabo Verde, J. F. Castro, S. Tavares, M. Castro Feb 2022

Climate Change Threats To Semi-Arid Transhumance Grazing Systems: Proposals For Adaptation In Cabo Verde, J. F. Castro, S. Tavares, M. Castro

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Global warming has changed the rainfall regime in the Sahelian region, endangering and widespread poverty and chronic famines in Cape Verde, where rural communities' well-being and food security depend on rainy agriculture. Local responses to rainfall new patterns and scarcity have been livestock reduction with significant revenue losses. Together with dry mist occurrences, these environmental constraints demand to define priority actions to adapt and mitigate climate change's direct impacts. According to fifty household inquiries, this work explains the transhumant grazing practices on a semi-arid plateau in Tarrafal (Santiago, Cabo Verde), prospecting adaptation alternatives for sustainability. We related grazing patterns and …

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Wild Red Deer Benefit The Conservation Of European Semi-Natural Open Habitats, F. Riesch, Bettina Tonn, Marcus Meißner, Sven Herzog, Niko Balkenhol, J. Isselstein Feb 2022

Wild Red Deer Benefit The Conservation Of European Semi-Natural Open Habitats, F. Riesch, Bettina Tonn, Marcus Meißner, Sven Herzog, Niko Balkenhol, J. Isselstein

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Traditional land use practices have shaped European landscapes for millennia. Agricultural intensification and declining popularity of pastoral farming in the past century have resulted in a tremendous loss of extensively used open landscapes and associated biodiversity. Today, conservation management needs to prevent secondary succession of many open habitats. Large or inaccessible target areas unsuitable for conventional conservation measures might benefit from grazing by wild herbivores, which do not require fencing nor regular welfare monitoring. In a military training area in Germany, we studied the quantitative and qualitative effects of wild red deer in two protected open habitat types (lowland hay …

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Causal Factors Of Breeding Success And Frequency In Threatened Grassland Birds On The Ingula Nature Reserve, South Africa, R. B. Colyn, C. Pienaar, H. Smit-Robinson, K. Chetty Feb 2022

Causal Factors Of Breeding Success And Frequency In Threatened Grassland Birds On The Ingula Nature Reserve, South Africa, R. B. Colyn, C. Pienaar, H. Smit-Robinson, K. Chetty

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The high-altitude grasslands covering the eastern escarpment of South Africa is one of the country’s most valuable habitats for biodiversity, livestock and water production. The habitat hosts several threatened bird species including endangered species such as the Rudd's Lark (Heteromirafra ruddi) and Grey Crowned Crane (Balearica regulorum), and vulnerable species such as the Blue Crane (Grus paradisea), Wattled Crane (Bugeranus carunculatus), Southern Bald Ibis (Geronticus calvus), and Yellow-breasted Pipit (Anthus chloris). Avian research and monitoring have been ongoing within the recently declared Ingula Nature Reserve for more than …

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Animal Performance In Signalgrass Monoculture Or In Silvopastoral Systems, I. A. Gomes Da Silva, José C. B. Dubeux Jr., A. C. L. De Melo, Márcio V. Da Cunha, Mércia V. F. Dos Santos, V. X. O. Apolinário, Erinaldo Viana De Freitas, S. B. M. Costa Feb 2022

Animal Performance In Signalgrass Monoculture Or In Silvopastoral Systems, I. A. Gomes Da Silva, José C. B. Dubeux Jr., A. C. L. De Melo, Márcio V. Da Cunha, Mércia V. F. Dos Santos, V. X. O. Apolinário, Erinaldo Viana De Freitas, S. B. M. Costa

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Silvopastoral systems (SPS) can increase overall productivity and long-term income due to the simultaneous production of trees, forage, and livestock. This 2-yr study evaluated animal performance and herbage responses in C4-grass monoculture or in SPS in the sub-humid tropical region of Brazil. The experimental design was randomized complete block with three replications. Treatments were: Urochloa decumbens (Stapf.) R. Webster (Signalgrass) + Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Benth (SPS-Mimosa); Signalgrass + Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Kunth ex Walp (SPS-Gliricidia); and Signalgrass monoculture (SM). Response variables included herbage and livestock responses. Cattle were managed under continuous stocking with variable stocking rate. There was interaction between treatment …

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Legume And Nitrogen Fertilization Affect Animal Performance And Enteric Methane Emission Of Nellore Heifers, B. G. C. Homem, I. B. G. Lima, P. P. Spasiani, José C. B. Dubeux Jr., A. Berndt, D. R. Casagrande Feb 2022

Legume And Nitrogen Fertilization Affect Animal Performance And Enteric Methane Emission Of Nellore Heifers, B. G. C. Homem, I. B. G. Lima, P. P. Spasiani, José C. B. Dubeux Jr., A. Berndt, D. R. Casagrande

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Methane emission from livestock operation is an important source of greenhouse gas and contributes to global warming. Forage legume secondary compounds may mitigate methane emissions by reducing methanogenic population in the rumen. This study evaluated animal performance and methane emission from beef cattle grazing either a mixed pasture [Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu (palisadegrass) and Arachis pintoi (forage peanut) cv. BRS Mandobi] or a palisadegrass monoculture with or without nitrogen (N) fertilisation. A 2.5-yr continuous stocking experiment was carried out in southeast Brazil, on a randomized complete block design with three treatments and four replicates. Two Nellore heifers were used …

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People-Environment Trade-Offs In Managing Communal Rangelands Of South Africa, J. E. Bennett, S. Lemke, T. Marandure Feb 2022

People-Environment Trade-Offs In Managing Communal Rangelands Of South Africa, J. E. Bennett, S. Lemke, T. Marandure

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Communal rangelands in South Africa support a range of ecosystem services including water provision, carbon sequestration and livestock production for different stakeholders. Delivering these in a sustainable and socially appropriate manner necessarily requires trade-offs to be made between the different environmental and social outcomes required. We draw on empirical fieldwork and a two-day participatory stakeholder workshop to report on the early stages of a project evaluating these trade-offs in communal rangelands of the uMzimvubu catchment in Eastern Cape Province. Our findings suggest that trade-offs will be necessary at a variety of different levels within this system. For example, a key …

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Investigation Of The Methylome Pattern Changes In Phytophthora Sojae Infected Soybean (Glycine Max), Shyaron Poudel Feb 2022

Investigation Of The Methylome Pattern Changes In Phytophthora Sojae Infected Soybean (Glycine Max), Shyaron Poudel

Student Theses and Dissertations

Phytophthora stem and root rot (PSR), a soybean disease causes annual losses of up to $250 million in the United States alone. Using the Rps (resistant to Phytophthora sojae) gene in soybean is the main management technique. However, Rps genes are only effective until 8-15 years in the field. Therefore, further understanding of the Rps gene regulation and immune response in soybean is desperately needed. In this study, first, three commercial DNA methylation detection kits were examined on soybean (cultivar Williams 82,which carries Rps1k) DNA samples. All three kits provided libraries with excellent quality and coverage. Secondly, the differential DNA …

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Effects Of Silica Nanoparticle Liquid Fertilizer On Germination And Yield In Various Plant Species, Morgan Brittany Lowe Feb 2022

Effects Of Silica Nanoparticle Liquid Fertilizer On Germination And Yield In Various Plant Species, Morgan Brittany Lowe

Student Theses and Dissertations

Silicon (Si), the second most abundant element on earth, has many unique qualities that have led to advances in medicine, computer technology, mechanics, and cosmetics. Awareness of Si deficiency in soil has recently become recognized as being a limiting factor for crop production; particularly in Si-accumulating plants and in soils that are low or limited in its availability. Increasing interest in the effects of differing nanoparticles on plant growth and yield has led to the production of Si nanoparticle (Si-NP) fertilizers. This research attempted to compare the effects of different Si-NP fertilizers on the growth, development, and yield of industrial …

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How Does N Fertilization Or Forage Legumes Affect Forage And Animal Production?, B. G. C. Homem, I. B. G. Lima, P. P. Spasiani, José C. B. Dubeux Jr., R. M. Boddey, D. R. Casagrande Feb 2022

How Does N Fertilization Or Forage Legumes Affect Forage And Animal Production?, B. G. C. Homem, I. B. G. Lima, P. P. Spasiani, José C. B. Dubeux Jr., R. M. Boddey, D. R. Casagrande

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Livestock grazing in tropical climates is characterized by low productivity. Forage and animal production can be improved by applying nitrogen (N) fertiliser or using forage legumes. This 2.5-yr study assessed the canopy structure and productivity of beef cattle grazing either a mixed pasture of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu (palisadegrass) and Arachis pintoi (forage peanut) cv. BRS Mandobi or a Marandu palisade grass monoculture with or without N fertilisation. The experiment was carried out in Southeast Brazil, where the canopy structure (herbage mass) and animal productivity (stocking rate and liveweight gain per ha) were compared for three types of pastures: 1) …

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Managing Vegetation In Grasslands Habitats To Meet Livestock Or Wildlife Objectives, B. Sleugh, S. Flynn, D. C. Cummings, W. Hatler, D. Hillger, C. Hart Feb 2022

Managing Vegetation In Grasslands Habitats To Meet Livestock Or Wildlife Objectives, B. Sleugh, S. Flynn, D. C. Cummings, W. Hatler, D. Hillger, C. Hart

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Sustainably stewarding grassland systems involves applying various practices to manipulate forage interactions with other plants, the environment, and grazing animals to meet resource manager objectives. These interactions can result in invasion or encroachment and increased abundance of weeds which hinder attainment of management objectives. Weeds influence the structure and function of pasture ecosystems whether forages are grown in improved pastures, rangeland, or grassland communities. They degrade pasture quality and reduce livestock performance by interfering with forage establishment, yield, and quality by competing for resources. Weeds reduce the feed value of forage, decrease pasture carrying capacity, and can be toxic or …

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Long-Term Changes In Dry Matter Yield In Variety Trials Of Forage Species In Sweden, Magnus A. Halling Feb 2022

Long-Term Changes In Dry Matter Yield In Variety Trials Of Forage Species In Sweden, Magnus A. Halling

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Using results from official variety testing in Sweden, long-term changes (1964-2018) in total annual dry matter (DM) yield for pure stands of red clover (Trifolium pratense) and timothy (Phleum pratense) were analysed and compared for two Swedish trial site areas: a central area (59.6-61.5°N) and a southern area (55.5-57.0°N). All trials were managed using a standard protocol, with only minor changes over time. On average for all varieties of timothy in the trials, there was an increase of 91.6 kg ha-1 in total DM yield in the first harvest year, probably due to genetically improved …

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Kentucky’S Comprehensive Outreach Program For Horse Pasture Management And Education, Krista Lea, S. Ray Smith Feb 2022

Kentucky’S Comprehensive Outreach Program For Horse Pasture Management And Education, Krista Lea, S. Ray Smith

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The University of Kentucky (UK) Horse Pasture Evaluation Program began in 2005 to improve pasture quality and quantity on Kentucky horse farms. This on-farm program collects detailed data of pasture species composition, tests for tall fescue (Schedonorus arundinaceus (Schreb.) Dumort.) toxicity, and provides farm managers with comprehensive recommendations for management. Species composition is determined using the occupancy method. In 2019, the UK Horse Pasture Health Score Card was developed to provide useful, survey-level information on pastures and allow evaluators to cover far more acres in less time, requiring fewer resources. The objective of this research was to compare accuracy …

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Increasing Precipitation Decreases Water Use Efficiency Of Alfalfa (Medicago Sativa L.) In A Semiarid Region, H. Ni, H. K. Chu, X. F. Lai, J. Q. Deng, Yuying Shen Feb 2022

Increasing Precipitation Decreases Water Use Efficiency Of Alfalfa (Medicago Sativa L.) In A Semiarid Region, H. Ni, H. K. Chu, X. F. Lai, J. Q. Deng, Yuying Shen

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) plays an important role within the integrated farming systems in Northwestern Loess Plateau of China, because of its traits on a high productivity, prolonged growing season, and excellent nutritive value. However, water use efficiency (WUE) is a crucial indicator for forage production under different water conditions in the semiarid regions. To explore the responses of alfalfa growth and water use to precipitation variability, we set precipitation shelters to manipulate precipitation scenario as 30% precipitation increased (P+30), normal precipitation (CK), and 30% precipitation decreased (P-30) with the measurement of dry matter yield and soil water content. …

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Improving Pasture Productivity And Persistence By Renovating Or Rejuvenating, A. Omokanye, D. Westerlund, G. Hernandez-Ramirez Feb 2022

Improving Pasture Productivity And Persistence By Renovating Or Rejuvenating, A. Omokanye, D. Westerlund, G. Hernandez-Ramirez

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Forages make up a large part of the feed requirements of beef cattle, and grazing remains the most economical form of feed delivery. However, several years after pasture establishment, forage productivity and longevity usually decline. Maintaining productive forage stands in the long term becomes a major challenge that beef producers face. A 3-yr on-farm study was conducted to determine the comparative effects of several pasture rejuvenation methods, such as spraying of herbicides to control weeds and brush, Spray herbicide + direct seed in spring (RSS), forage seeding methods, fertilizer application (FERT), and pasture rest as well as aeration/spiking in fall …

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Improving Forage Production Quantity And Quality Using Native Legume Species In Semi-Arid Agrosilvopastoral System, M. Louhaichi, S. Slim, M. Gamoun, S. Hassan, J. Kailene, I. Hamdaoui Feb 2022

Improving Forage Production Quantity And Quality Using Native Legume Species In Semi-Arid Agrosilvopastoral System, M. Louhaichi, S. Slim, M. Gamoun, S. Hassan, J. Kailene, I. Hamdaoui

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Agrosilvopastoral systems provide a range of livelihood services, either directly through forage production or indirectly by the beneficial effects on soil conservation, nutrient cycling, pollutant filtering, and biodiversity enhancement. Hence, improved silvopastoral systems have ample scope to rehabilitate degraded pastures to sustain livestock production, which remains a strong pillar for the livelihoods of the agrosilvopastoral communities. To evaluate the impact of Hedysarum coronarium L. (sulla) reseeding on pasture productivity, plant cover and plant density in semi-arid silvopastoral systems, an experiment was carried out in Sbaihia Site, Zaghouan Governorate, Tunisia during 2018-2019 growing season. The experiment was laid out under a …

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Improvement Of Feeding Value Of Quinoa Stalk With White Rot Fungi Treatment, M. Hanada, T. Egi, S. Muyila, J. Njiolomba, Y. Tokura Feb 2022

Improvement Of Feeding Value Of Quinoa Stalk With White Rot Fungi Treatment, M. Hanada, T. Egi, S. Muyila, J. Njiolomba, Y. Tokura

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Two trials were conducted to evaluate the effect of white rot fungi treatment on feeding value of quinoa stalk. In trial 1, quinoa stalk was inoculated with Pleurotus osteratus (PO) or Pleurotus citrinopileatus (PC) at 25 °C for 90 days, and chemical composition and hardness of the stalk were measured. In trial 2, quinoa stalk was inoculated with PO, and incubated at 10 and 25 °C for 60, 90 and 120 days. After incubation, the chemical composition and hardness of the stalk were measured. In trial 1, acid detergent lignin (ADL) content in the stalk decreased in both treatments, and …

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Impact Of Abnormal Climate Events On The Production Of Italian Ryegrass As A Season In The Republic Of Korea, M. Kim, J. Y. Kim, M. H. Jo, H. Jo, K. Sung Feb 2022

Impact Of Abnormal Climate Events On The Production Of Italian Ryegrass As A Season In The Republic Of Korea, M. Kim, J. Y. Kim, M. H. Jo, H. Jo, K. Sung

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

This study aimed to assess the impact of abnormal climate events on the production of Italian ryegrass (IRG), such as autumn low-temperature, severe winter cold and spring droughts in the central inland, southern inland and southern coastal regions. Seasonal climatic variables, including temperature, precipitation, wind speed, relative humidity, and sunshine duration, were used to set the abnormal climate events using principal component analysis, and the abnormal climate events were distinguished from normal using Euclidean-distance cluster analysis. Furthermore, to estimate the impact caused by abnormal climate events, the dry matter yield (DMY) of IRG between abnormal and normal climate events was …

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Green Canopy Cover Percentage As A Method For Quantifying Andropogon Virginicus (Broomsedge) Reduction Through Fertilizer Applications In A Cool Season Hay Production System, Jordyn A. Bush, Jimmy C. Henning, Christopher D. Teutsch Feb 2022

Green Canopy Cover Percentage As A Method For Quantifying Andropogon Virginicus (Broomsedge) Reduction Through Fertilizer Applications In A Cool Season Hay Production System, Jordyn A. Bush, Jimmy C. Henning, Christopher D. Teutsch

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Remote sensing has been used to measure green canopy cover for a variety of agronomic purposes. This study explores the use of digital imagery as a method to quantify warm and cool season grasses in a hay production system. Due to alternate growth periods, cool and warm season grasses show greener color in different seasons. These seasonal color shifts provide an opportunity to measure their respective percentages when growing together in a system. This study was conducted in a hay field that was originally dominated by cool season grasses including tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) and Kentucky bluegrass ( …

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Global Assessment Of Grassland Carrying Capacities And Relative Stocking Densities Of Livestock, J. Piipponen, M. Jalava, J. De Leeuw, A. Rizayeva, C. Godde, M. Herrero, M. Kummu Feb 2022

Global Assessment Of Grassland Carrying Capacities And Relative Stocking Densities Of Livestock, J. Piipponen, M. Jalava, J. De Leeuw, A. Rizayeva, C. Godde, M. Herrero, M. Kummu

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Although many suggest that future diets should include more plant-based proteins, animal-sourced foods are unlikely to completely disappear from our diet. Grasslands yield a notable part of the world’s animal protein production, but thus far, there is no global insight into the relationship between current livestock stocking densities and the availability of grassland forage resources. This inhibits acting upon concerns over the negative effects of overgrazing in some areas and utilising the potential for increasing production in others. Previous research has examined the potential of sustainable grazing but lacks generic and observation-based methods needed to fully understand the opportunities and …

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Genetic Diversity Among And Within Accessions Of A Lablab (Lablab Purpureus) Collection Maintained In The Ilri Forage Genebank, M. S. Muktar, A. M. Sartie, A. T. Negawo, E. Habte, C. S. Jones Feb 2022

Genetic Diversity Among And Within Accessions Of A Lablab (Lablab Purpureus) Collection Maintained In The Ilri Forage Genebank, M. S. Muktar, A. M. Sartie, A. T. Negawo, E. Habte, C. S. Jones

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Lablab (Lablab purpureus L.) is an important annual multi-purpose legume used as a vegetable for human consumption, as forage for livestock, and as green manure and a cover crop to improve soil fertility. It has a high feed value with good digestibility and high crude protein content. The International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) forage genebank holds a diverse set of 340 lablab accessions collected from different regions of the world. A total of 1,843 plants from 142 lablab accessions (1 to 29 plants per accession genotyped individually) were genotyped by the genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) method of the DArTseq platform. The …

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Evaluation Of Microbial Biomass In Agroforestry Systems Using Forage Cactus And Leucaena Leucocephala And Gliricidia Sepium, Dayanne Camelo, José C. B. Dubeux Jr., Mario De Andrade Lira Jr., Mércia V. F. Dos Santos, Diana Valadares Pessoa, Erick Santos Feb 2022

Evaluation Of Microbial Biomass In Agroforestry Systems Using Forage Cactus And Leucaena Leucocephala And Gliricidia Sepium, Dayanne Camelo, José C. B. Dubeux Jr., Mario De Andrade Lira Jr., Mércia V. F. Dos Santos, Diana Valadares Pessoa, Erick Santos

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Vegetation type can affect soil microbiology in agroforestry systems. Plants release different organic exudates in the rhizosphere, affecting microbial growth. This study evaluated the effect of forage cactus intercropped with different tree legumes on soil microbial biomass. The research was performed in a tropical semiarid Regosol at Caruaru Experimental Station, Agronomic Institute of Pernambuco, Northeast Brazil. Treatments included: i) Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Steud and forage cactus IPA-Sertânia (Nopalea cochenillifera Salm Dyck); and ii) Leucaena leucocephala [Lam.] de Wit.) and forage cactus IPA-Sertânia. Treatments were allocated in a randomized complete block design in a split-split-plot scheme, with four replications. Main …

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Elephants Mitigate The Effects Of Cattle On Wildlife And Other Ecosystem Traits: Experimental Evidence, Truman P. Young, Duncan N. Kimuyu, Kari E. Veblen, Corinna Riginos, Judith Sitters, Lauren Porensky, Wilfred O. Odadi Feb 2022

Elephants Mitigate The Effects Of Cattle On Wildlife And Other Ecosystem Traits: Experimental Evidence, Truman P. Young, Duncan N. Kimuyu, Kari E. Veblen, Corinna Riginos, Judith Sitters, Lauren Porensky, Wilfred O. Odadi

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

On rangelands worldwide, cattle interact with many ecosystem components, most obviously with soils, plants, and other large herbivores. Since 1995, we have been manipulating the presence of cattle, mesoherbivores, and megaherbivores (elephants and giraffes) in a series of eighteen 4-ha (10-acre) plots at the Kenya Long-term Exclosure Experiment. We have demonstrated a wide array of cattle effects on this savanna rangeland, including their reduction of grass cover, wildlife use, and soil nitrogen and phosphorus pools, but their increase of primary productivity and termite abundance. Strikingly, we demonstrate that the presence of mega-herbivores (elephants, mainly) reduces the sizes of these cattle. …

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Practice Cost And Size Differences In Invasive Plant Management Strategies: An Empirical Analysis Of Us Great Plains States, Mazbahul G. Ahamad Feb 2022

Practice Cost And Size Differences In Invasive Plant Management Strategies: An Empirical Analysis Of Us Great Plains States, Mazbahul G. Ahamad

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Grassland conservation of the Conservation Stewardship Program in the United States (US) is one of the largest cost-sharing initiatives for protecting grazing land from invasive and woody plants. The practice cost and unit size of various invasive and woody plant management strategies, such as mulching, brush management, and pre- scribed burning, are different from state to state. We aimed to compare and examine the association between practice cost ($/acre[ac]) and standard unit size of practice (acre) of mulching, brush management, and pre- scribed burning strategies in nine US Great Plains states, including Kansas, Montana, Nebraska, New Mexico, North Dakota, Oklahoma, …

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Charcoal Value Chain As A Complimentary Livelihood Activity For Pastoralists In The Rangelands, S. Teyie, Oliver Vivian Wasonga, C. Bergmann, M. Petersen Feb 2022

Charcoal Value Chain As A Complimentary Livelihood Activity For Pastoralists In The Rangelands, S. Teyie, Oliver Vivian Wasonga, C. Bergmann, M. Petersen

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Global charcoal production has more than tripled over the past 50 years from 17.3 million tons in 1964 to 53.1 million tons in 2014. 61% of the present global charcoal production occurs in Africa, mostly to satisfy demand for cooking fuel from urban and peri-urban households. Despite the adverse environmental impacts associated with charcoal production, a significant global population relies on it for energy needs, while many producers depend on it as a livelihood source. Whereas this calls for efforts to promote sustainable charcoal production practices, this has to be informed by in-depth understanding of the charcoal value chain to …

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Nutritive Evaluation Of Mulberry Leaves Based Apple Pomace Silage, Ngahanyui Kengoo, Rohit Bishist Feb 2022

Nutritive Evaluation Of Mulberry Leaves Based Apple Pomace Silage, Ngahanyui Kengoo, Rohit Bishist

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The present study was conducted to evaluate the nutritive value of mulberry leaves based apple pomace silage in Dr Y S Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India. In the study, the silage was prepared by mixing of maize, apple pomace (AP) and mulberry leaves in ratios of 80:10:10 (T1), 70:20:10(T2) and 60:30:10 (T3), and mixing of apple pomace with wheat straw in the ratio of 85:15(T4), and the silage prepared by using 100 per cent chopped maize was taken as control. Silage bags were opened after a period of three months and the proportionate samples …

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Dairy Cattle Genetics By Environment Interaction Mismatch Contributes To Poor Mitigation And Adaptation Of Grazing Systems To Climate Change Actions In The Peruvian High Andes: A Review, V. M. Velez Marroquin, J. Manhire, R. Garcia Ticllacuri, J. L. Bernal Madrid, C. S. Pinares-Patino Feb 2022

Dairy Cattle Genetics By Environment Interaction Mismatch Contributes To Poor Mitigation And Adaptation Of Grazing Systems To Climate Change Actions In The Peruvian High Andes: A Review, V. M. Velez Marroquin, J. Manhire, R. Garcia Ticllacuri, J. L. Bernal Madrid, C. S. Pinares-Patino

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

The high Andes of Peru includes fragile ecosystems. Nevertheless, it plays important ecosystem functions (e.g., biodiversity, water supply for the lowlands, CO2 sinks in soil, etc). More than 80% of the livestock population of Peru is farmed in this area, supporting the livelihood of approximately 1’400,000 poor families, who are vulnerable to climate change (CC). Climate change in the high Andes is occurring at accelerated rates, compared to lowlands regions. Prevalent factors in the high Andes, such as hypoxia, high UV radiation, climatic extremes, large variation between maximum and minimum temperatures, seasonality in rainfall (determining highly seasonal forage growth) …

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Exploring The Variation In Spatial Landscape Utilisation By Cows In The Pre- And Post-Partum Period Using Gnss Technology, A Z. Chang, M. G. Trotter Feb 2022

Exploring The Variation In Spatial Landscape Utilisation By Cows In The Pre- And Post-Partum Period Using Gnss Technology, A Z. Chang, M. G. Trotter

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

On-animal sensors refer to systems that monitor the location, behaviour, or physiological characteristics of livestock. These technologies provide a method to overcome many of the challenges that are associated with monitoring livestock within an extensive grazing system. A global navigation satellite system (GNSS) could be used to detect the changes in spatial utilisation associated with when a cow has a calf at foot. In this study, forty pregnant Belmont Red heifers were fitted with GNSS collars programmed to provide a location reading at 5 minute intervals. The data was cleaned and mapped in ArcGIS to identify changes in paddock area …

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Sustainable Intensification Of Livestock Systems Using Forage Legumes, José C. B. Dubeux Jr., Lynn E. Sollenberger Feb 2022

Sustainable Intensification Of Livestock Systems Using Forage Legumes, José C. B. Dubeux Jr., Lynn E. Sollenberger

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Global human population is increasing and expected to reach 9.7 billion people by 2050. Sustainable intensification (SI) of agricultural systems is key to increase food production while minimizing impact on global natural resources. Forage legumes provide a myriad of ecosystem services (ES) and represent an important tool for promoting SI in livestock systems. Forage legumes associate with soil microorganisms to reduce atmospheric N2. This N input represents a valuable contribution to increase net primary productivity with reduced C footprint. In addition, forage nutritive value generally increases, resulting in greater animal performance. When forage legumes are integrated into livestock …

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The Optimum Grazing Time Based On Milk Fatty Acids And Yield For Holstein Lactating Cows Through Eco-Pastoral System In Alpine Grassland, M. Kim, J. Y. Kim, M. H. Jo, C. H. Kim, K. Sung Feb 2022

The Optimum Grazing Time Based On Milk Fatty Acids And Yield For Holstein Lactating Cows Through Eco-Pastoral System In Alpine Grassland, M. Kim, J. Y. Kim, M. H. Jo, C. H. Kim, K. Sung

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

This study aimed to detect the optimum grazing time based on milk fatty acids and yield for the Holstein cow (Bos taurus) through eco-pastoral system in Korean alpine grassland. The treatment of grazing time was 3 levels: Non-grazing, Half-day grazing, Full-day grazing. First, the difference of milk fatty acids (saturated fatty acid, unsaturated fatty acid, Total ω-3, etc.) and milk yield was checked by grazing time via ANOVA. Second, various measurements of milk fatty acids were reduced to principal components for effective and obvious detecting the variation as a grazing time. Final, the variations of milk fatty acid …

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Prospects Of Cattle Farming In An Era Of Land Degradation-Perceptions Of The Farmers In The Okakarara Communal Area, Namibia, H. T. N. Heita, D. Gunner Feb 2022

Prospects Of Cattle Farming In An Era Of Land Degradation-Perceptions Of The Farmers In The Okakarara Communal Area, Namibia, H. T. N. Heita, D. Gunner

IGC Proceedings (1977-2023)

Livestock farming plays an important role in many rural people s’ livelihoods around the globe. The sector is, however, faced with numerous challenges, particularly land degradation. Namibia, one of the driest countries in the world, is no exception to land degradation challenges, mostly among communal rangeland areas. Several studies and interventions on land degradation have been conducted in the country, however, with limited or no information on farmers' perceptions. Although land degradation may be a physical process, understanding its causes, process, indicators, and effects from the own users’ is indispensable. Here, we assessed farmers' perception in the eastern part of …

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