Agronomy and Crop Sciences Commons^™

Growing Soybean Varieties From Multiple Maturity Groups Can Reduce Yearly Yield Volatility, Todd W. Pfeiffer

Agronomy Notes

In the Kentucky Soybean Performance Test program, varieties of maturity groups (MG) 3, 4 and 5 are tested to provide information on their relative yields. The difference in maturity between the earliest and the latest maturing variety in the test in any year is approximately 30 days. In general, although some regional differences appear, the long-term state-wide and within region yield of the different maturity groups (average yield of a 11 varieties in a maturity group) is equal (Table 1). As I've inspected results from the Kentucky Soybean Performance Tests for the last decade, it appeared that some of the …

Arkansas Rice Research Studies 1991, B. R. Wells

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

The research reports in this publication represent one year of results; therefore, these results should not be used as a basis for longterm recommendations. Several research reports in this publication dealing with soil fertility also appear in Arkansas Soil Fertility Studies 1991, Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series 421. This duplication is the result of the overlap in research coverage between the two series and our effort to inform Arkansas rice producers of all the research being conducted with funds from the rice check-off.

Arkansas Soil Fertility Studies 1991, Wayne E. Sabbe

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

Contained within this publication are progress reports on the specific aspects of the soil fertility program at the University of Arkansas in 1991. In most instances, the reports are not final reports, but they may contain data from several years. Further details on each report can be obtained from the respective project leaders.

Bulletin No 4237 - Growing Nashi In Western Australia, Allan Price

Bulletins 4000 -

Nashi is the Japanese word for Pear. It is used in this context to describe pears of Asian origins, developed from Pyrus pyrtfolia as distinct from European pears (Pyrus communis).

Nashi have originated from two major areas, Japan and Korea/China.

Lupin Logic Number 21

Lupin Logic

Contents

Keys to lupin yield stability

- Stubble retention

- When to plant

- Rules for dry seeding

Rain and yield

Avoiding B.YM.V.

Reminders

Granulated simazine

Reasons for 45 plants per sq m

Lupin Logic Number 22

Lupin Logic

Contents

Lupins planted before April 16

European white lupin

Potassium and lupins

- Symptoms

- Occurence

- Soil testing

- Plant analysis

- Correction of deficiency

- When and how to apply

- Residual value

Reminders

Seed testing results

- Germination tests

- Seed size

- Better decisions

No-Tillage Seeders And Their Adoption In North America With Relevance To Western Australia, J K. Bligh

Resource management technical reports

The adoption of no-tillage seeders appears generally to be at a similar stage in North America as in Western Australia. One notable difference is the communication provided by several no-tillage farmers organisations, such as the Manitoba-North Dakota Zero Tillage Farmers Association. Since almost all development of no-tillage systems has been carried out by farmers, such associations have proven invaluable in directly providing communication with their peers.

Bulletin 4241 - Chemical Control Of Insect Pests In Field Crops And Pastures, T. P. Quinn, G. P. Mangano, P. J. Michael

Bulletins 4000 -

Chemicals currently registered in Western Australia for use against pests of field crops and pasture are given in the table below. Trade names are listed alongside each chemical formulation.

Department of Agriculture Bulletin 4185 "Insect and allied pests of extensive fanning" will help you identify the pest(s) through coloured photographs, descriptions and keys. Information on the type of damage, life cycle and control is also provided. Further information is available in Farmnotes on specific pests and on pests of a particular crop.

The Poison Schedule for each product is indicated in the table. Extremely toxic chemicals are labelled as "dangerous …

Lupin Logic Number 20

Lupin Logic

Contents

Countdown to seeding

- Seed

- Weeds

- Lupin inoculant

- Soil testing

- Herbicides

- Stubble preparation

Herbicide resistant ryegrass

Vaccine against lupinosis shows promise

Lupin books

Row spacing in lupins

Pool payments 1991/92

Three tonne lupin crops are possible at Mingenew

Quest For Quality Operation Quality Wheat, Sue Bestow

Agriculture reports

Variations in the protein content of wheat are largely associated with growing conditions, particularly rainfall and soil type, which influence nitrogen supply and crop yield. Management to improve protein generally also improves yield, so in future both must be considered when comparing profitabilities of management options, particularly if payment for protein increases.

An Early-Planted, Early Maturing Soybean Cropping System: Yield And Harvest Losses, Larry J. Grabau, M. V. Kane, H. Lin, Dennis B. Egli

Agronomy Notes

Most soybean varieties used In Kentucky, whether grown full season or double-cropped behind wheat or barley, are from Maturity Groups (MG) IV or V. Some MG III varieties are also grown; however, virtually no MG 1/ or earner varieties are planted. Agronomists and soybean producers in Kentucky· have generally felt that MG IV and V varieties produce the highest yield. Since the driest months in Kentucky are August, September,and October, MG IV and V varieties frequently encounter moisture stress during the important seed fill stage. The use of earlier maturing varieties was initially proposed as a means of getting a …

Herbicide Trials On Field Crops 1991, Robert Frans, Marilyn Mcclelland, David Jordan

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

Herbicidal weed control is economically important for production of field crops. Field experiments are conducted annually in Arkansas to evaluate the activity of developmental ancommercial herbicides for selective control of weeds in several important crops. These experiments serve both industry and Arkansas agriculture by providing information on the selectivity of herbicides still in the developmental stage and by comparing the activity of these new herbicides with that of recommended herbicides.

Lupin Logic Number 19

Lupin Logic

Contents

Outlook for lupins exports

- Europe

- Asia

- The Middle East

- Other market barriers

CMV misunderstandings

Seed testing

Forthcoming meetings

Lupin deliveries tonnes

Lupin pool payments per tonne

Forage Variety Performance Test 1990-1991, Herbert Honeycutt

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

This report summarizes the results of forage variety tests that were conducted at the Main Agricultural Experiment Station at Fayetteville, Arkansas; the Strawberry Substation near Bald Knob, Arkansas; and the Livestock and Forestry Branch Station near Batesville, Arkansas.

Arkansas Cotton Variety And Strain Tests 1991, F. M. Bourland, J. S. Dacus

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

Varieties and advanced strains of cotton were evaluated in 1991 by the Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station. Varieties and some advanced breeding lines were evaluated in the 1991 Arkansas Cotton Variety Test. Entries in the 1991 Commercial Cotton Strain Test included both released varieties that have not been evaluated in Arkansas and advanced breeding lines that may soon be available to producers.

Lupin Logic Number 18

Lupin Logic

Contents

Is seed testing worthwhile in 1992?

Progress to date

Unmarked samples

Are you a lupin grower with water-repellent sand?

Blowing in the wind

Quantifying Loss Of Yield Potential Due To Leaf Disease., B A. Peters, R Loughman

Experimental Summaries - Plant Research

To determine the impact of Septoria and barley yellow dwarf virus on wheat grown under the package approach on the south coast using different levels of fungicide and insecticide control on a susceptible variety of an appropriate maturity for early sowing.

Examine if there is any benefit for disease control of S. tritici from Baytan seed dressing. 92AL16.

Time of sowing and variety effects on the Septoria diseases of wheat. 92AL17.

Time of sowing effect on barley foliar diseases. 92AL19.

Evaluating variety mixtures to reduce Septoria using a range of lines. 92AL24.

Fungicides for control of Septoria nodorum of wheat. …

Bulletin No 4216 - Broadscale Boom Spraying, Roger Doyle, Gary Dorr, Des Gilbey, John Peirce

Bulletins 4000 -

For spraying to be effective it must do the job required at a minimum cost, with no unwanted side effects. It is impo1tant to use the right chemical at the right rate, at the right tin1e and in the best conditions.

It is just as important that both the sprayer and the way it is used allows you to meet this objective. This Bulletin will help you select the right boom sprayer, maintain it for efficient operation and use it efficiently and safely.

Results Of Stubble Research In Western Australia, Michael Perry, Ron Jarvis, Mel Mason, David Tennant

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Few farmers would question the desirability of retaining stubbles, both for control of erosion by wind and water, and to return organic matter to the soil. While the present debate is focused on the short term management of stubbles, longer term effects also need to be considered.

The Department of Agriculture has several long-running trials intended to measure long term effects.

Stubble : Friend And Foe, Department Of Agriculture And Food, Western Australia

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Several articles in this issue of the Journal of Agriculture discuss some of the important issues of stubble management. The articles are condensed from some of the papers presented at a stubble workshop at Geraldton in 1991.

Managing Brome Grass In The Wheat:Lupin Rotation, Aik Hock Cheam, Gurget Gil, Christine Zaicou

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Some farmers and scientists are questioning the sustainability of the cereal:lupin rotation in the Western Australian wheatbelt.

Being a 'tight' rotation, its continuation is constantly under threat by disease, especially lupin root rots caused by Pleiochaeta (the brown spot organism) and Rhizoctonia fungi. To control disease, some farmers have lengthened the rotation to three years, such as wheat:wheat:lupins or wheat:barley:lupins. The longer cereal phase also helps to stabilise soil against wind erosion. However, such rotations can lead to a rapid buildup of brome grass during the two consecutive years of cereals. The implications of these rotations on the severity of …

How Much Stubble ?, Michael Perry

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Grain yield makes up 30 to 50 per cent of the total weight of all above ground plant matter and this proportion is called the Harvest Index.

Opportunity Knocks : Sowing Wheat Early In The North-Eastern Wheatbelt, Nicole Kerr, Doug Abrecht

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Farmers consider many factors in deciding whether to start sowing wheat, but the most important are the amount of rain and time of year. In this study we assessed the chances of farmers in the north-eastern wheatbelt (less than 325 mm rainfall) receiving enough rain to sow wheat early. In low rainfall areas such as this, where an early finish to the season is likely, it is especially important that farmers take advantage of all early sowing opportunities. The potential benefits of sowing wheat early generally outweigh the associated risks, particularly in lower rainfall areas. However, early sowing depends on …

Stubble Handling Machinery, Greg Haydon

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Farming in Western Australia, and in Australia, has undergone a revolution over the past 15 to 20 years. Two significant changes have been the cessation of ploughing to kill weeds, that is, the change from discs to tines, and the reduction in tillage through the use of agricultural chemicals. These have been important changes that have had conservation benefits. However, to handle stubble to best effect, further changes in machinery, newer machinery and combinations of machines will be needed. In this article, the author discusses current and possible future practces.

Stubble Retention And Leaf Disease In Lupin And Cereal Crops, Mark Sweetingham, Robert Loughman, Ron Jarvis

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Retention of cereal stubbles can reduce leaf disease in lupins but increase leaf disease in cereals. The extent of cereal disease carry-over in stubbles depends on the locality and whether multiple cropping or crop rotation is practised

Corn Response To Zinc On High Ph Soils, William O. Thom, James E. Dollarhide, Jeff Henderson, Vern Case

Agronomy Notes

Corn is the most responsive to zinc of all agronomic crops grown in Kentucky. Zinc deficiency can occur most often in soil of the Inner Bluegrass and in south central Kentucky. This deficiency is most likely when these soils have a high pH, although such factors as high phosphorus, low organic matter, and loss of topsoil through erosion or construction can increase deficiency symptoms. Also, zinc deficiency is more prevalent during a cool, wet spring with symptoms often disappearing when the soils become warmer and drier. Zinc is a very immobile element, thus roots must grow throughout the root zone …

Test Detects Resistant Green Peach Aphids In Lupins, Francoise Berlandier, Ian Dadour

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Confirmation of insecticide resistance in green peach aphid in Western Australia's lupin crops means farmers will have to choose insecticides much more carefully to control this pest. Resistance within an aphid population varies, and when resistant aphids are no longer exposed to insecticides, they may revert back to being susceptible in as little as one generation. Furthermore, when these revertant populations are exposed to the same insecticides in the future, resistance quickly reoccurs. In this article, the authors discuss a test to determine the extent of insecticide resistance in green peach aphid and how to manage it.

Wider Spaced Rows For Lupins, Ron Jarvis

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

In this farm scale trial at Wongan Hills, a lined combine was used to seed lupins into rows spaced 380 mm apart in wheat stubble.

Leakage Of Solutes From Imbibing Seeds Of Supersweet Corn Cultivars That Differ In Tolerance To Low Germination Temperatures, Linda Kull

Masters Theses

Supersweet types of sweet corn (Zea mays L. var rugosa) with shrunken-2 endosperm are preferred by consumers because of their extra sweetness and postharvest retention of good flavor. However, their acceptance by growers is hindered due to reduced field emergence, especially in cold soils. This reduced emergence is related to seed quality. To examine differences between supersweet corn cultivars which are tolerant and sensitive to low temperatures, two cultivars were chosen based on their emergence in the field at low temperatures (10-15 C). 'Illini Gold' was chosen as the tolerant cultivar and 'Honey'n'Pearl' as the sensitive cultivar. Seeds …

Soil Science Research Report - 1992

Soil Science Research Reports

Weather Data - 1992 .......... 1

Influence of Anhydrous Ammonia Band Spacing on Irrigated Corn Grain Yield and Band Persistence .......... 9

Variable Rate Nitrogen Fertilization with Furrow Irrigation - Milton Ruhter Farm .......... 17

Burlington Northern Nitrogen Management Study .......... 25

The Effects of a Urease Inhibitor on Volatile Ammonia Loss and Urea Hydrolysis on Irrigated, Ridge Till Com .......... 37

Nitrogen Fertilization of Smooth Brome .......... 43

Evaluation of Soil Testing for Nitrate-Nitrogen .......... 47

Horizontal Sampling to Assess Agrichemical Movement .......... 55

Water Movement in Soils and Porous Media .......... 57

A Natural Gradient Transport Study of …