Agronomy and Crop Sciences Commons^™

Lupin Stubbles : Getting The Best With Weaner Sheep, Keith Croker, Colin Mcdonald, Jeremy Allen

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Sweet lupins are now grown on about a million hectares in Western Australia each year. If half of the State's seven million weaners were grazed as recommended on half of the lupin stubbles, it could generate about $15 million from reduced supplementary feeding, greater wool production and other advantages. But correct management is important, particularly knowing when to take weaners out. Research by the Department over the last five years is now indicating how this should be done.

Crops In The Woolbelt : Current Options And Emerging Prospects, Wal Anderson, Ross Gilmour, Robyn Mclean, Peter Nelson, K H.M Siddique, Paul Carmody, Ian Prtichard

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

It has traditionally been more profitable to grow sheep for wool in the medium rainfall parts of the south-west of Western Australia than to grow crops . Crop production has been difficult owing to the hilly terrain, the frequency of waterlogging, the high incidence of damaging frosts in some areas, the frequency of losses from diseases, difficulties with wet weather at harvest, and a lack of adapted crop varieties.

Advances over the past decade have made cropping on a limited scale potentially profitable in the woo/belt.

This article is intended to bring the various options for crop production to the …

Bluegum Timberbelts For Profitable Landcare, Peter Eckersley

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Revegetation with tasmanian bluegums in wide-spaced timberbelts appears to offer high returns, especially in areas where high winds cause crop and stock losses and where land can be saved from salinity and wwaterlogging.

In the South Coast and South-WestRegions, timberbelts will complement existing enterprises and so optimise overall land use. Graziers should be able to maintaine their stock numbers while creating an on-farm superannuation package.

The Department of Conservation and Land Management has been a major player in the development of bluegum timberbelts, but a few farmers are now adapting this concept to better suit their needs. Initial results are …

Distance Of Interference Of Red Rice (Orya Sativa) In Rice (O. Sativa), Sam L. Kwon, Roy J. Smith Jr., Ronald E. Talbert

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Three rice cultivars were grown to determine the distance at which red rice affects growth and grain yield. Red rice reduced grain yield of Lemont when rice plants grew within 71 and 53 cm of red rice in 1986 and 1988, respectively. Grain yield of Newbonnet was reduced when grown within 53 cm of red rice in both years. Grain yield of Tebonnet was reduced when grown within 53 and 36 cm of red rice in 1986 and 1988, respectively. Grain yield reduction in influenced areas averaged 35, 26 and 21% for Lemont, Newbonnet, and Tebonnet, respectively. As the distance …

Purification Of The Major Soybean Leaf Acid Phosphatase That 1s Increased By Seed-Pod Removal, Paul E. Staswick, Chuck Papa, Jing-Feng Huang, Yoon Rhee

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Fruit removal for 5 weeks after flowering increased acid phosphatase activity 10-fold in soybean (Glycine max 1. Merr. vai Hobbit) leaves compared with normal seed-pod-bearing plants. The major acid phosphatase activity in leaves was purified over 2700-fold, yielding a single polypeptide of 51 kD with a specific activity of 1353 units/mg protein using p-nitrophenylphosphate as the substrate. lsoelectric focusing demonstrated that the purified protein co-migrated with a majority of the activity that increased in leaves following seed-pod removal. lmmunoblot analysis demonstrated that at least part of the increased activity was dueto an increased abundance of the phosphatase protein. In situ …

Alley Farming : New Vision For Western Australian Farmland, Ted Lefroy, Phil Scott

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Alley farming is a system where crops and pastures are grown in the alleys between rows of trees and shrubs. The concept is new to Western Australia but one that is likely to become more familiar over the next few years. The objective is to use trees and shrubs to decrease the environmental side effects of agriculture, such as erosion and salinity while increasing farm profit through the direct and indirect value of the trees.

This article describes some examples of alley farming in Western Australia and discusses the challenge of getting the right tree species and layout to maximise …

Fast Tracking Barley Varieties Using Anther Culture, Sue Broughton, Penny Priest

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Breeding new varieties of barley or other cereal crops usually takes between 12 and 15 years. five years of that time may be needed to stabalise the new varieties so that they breed trueto type, but anther culture can reduce this delay to only eight months. This technology will allow the Department of Agriculture's barley breeding programme to respond more rapidly to changes in goals set by industry and to meet market demands.

Cdna Sequence For The Ribulose 1,5 Bisphosphate Carboxylase/Oxygenase Complex Protein A Protein That Accumulates In Soybean Leaves In Response To Fruit Removal, Paul E. Staswick, Steven J. Crafts-Brandner

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Soybean (Glycine max L.) transiently accumulates two abundant vegetative storage proteins, VSP A and VSP B, in vacuoles of above-ground vegetative tissues (Wittenbach, 1983; Staswick, 1990). As older leaves and stems become a source of exported metabolites for developing sinks, the VSPs are preferentially degraded and the resulting metabolites are presumably mobilized in the xylem and phloem stream. A striking feature of these proteins is that VSP gene expression is dramatically increased in mature leaves following the remova1 of reproductive sinks (seed pods) and the amount of these proteins increases accordingly (for review, see Staswick, 1994). Other changes …

Models To Predict Yield Loss Due To Weeds In Rice Ecosystems, John L. Lindquist

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Yield loss models have been developed and evaluated for irrigated rice ecosystems with respect to effects of Echinochloa crusgalli. Simple regression models that give the relation between yield loss and weed density or relative leaf area are discussed with respect to their practical value in weed management in rice. More complex eco-physiological process models have been developed and used for rice ecosystems as well. Such models can be useful as a tool in research, whereas more simple approaches are needed for practical application in weed management.

Anatomical And Sem Studies Of The Pericarp And Aleurone Layer Of Two Supersweet Corn Cultivars, Tufail Ahmed

Masters Theses

Supersweet corn (Zea mays L. var. rugosa.) which contain endosperm mutant shrunken -2 exhibits low seed vigor and poor field emergence especially when soil temperature is 10-15 °C. Based on their emergence in the field at low temperature, they can be divided into two groups as tolerant and sensitive cultivars. Two cultivars 'Illini Gold' (Tolerant) and 'Honey 'n' Pearl' (Sensitive) were studied to see any anatomical differences, holes and cracks in the pericarp and air pockets between pericarp and aleurone layer. Significant differences were found in the thickness of pericarp. 'Illini Gold' cultivar has thicker pericarp and thin walled aleurone …

Lupin Logic Number 41

Lupin Logic

Content:

Kiev lupins for export

Lupin variety recommendations for 1994

Stubble grazing

Storage of lupin information

Resistance to testing?

Christmas message

193/94 Estimateed lupin equities

Miscellaneous Publication 42/93 - Development And Dissemination Of Design Methods For Rangeland Paddocks Which Maximise Animal Production And Minimise Land Degradation, Shane Cridland, Mark Stafford Smith

Animal production and livestock published reports

Surveys of rangeland resources in Western Australia to date have shown that 23% of the area surveyed is in poor range condition. Poor condition is characterised by the loss of perennial vegetation allowing wind and water erosion. Approximately another 37% is in only fair range condition (Curry and Hacker 1990).

The loss of range condition is partly due to uneven use of paddocks by sheep and cattle. The areas close to water and the preferred pasture types are often over-utilised, while areas well away from water and less preferred pasture types are under-utilised. The result is that rangeland in good, …

Lupin Logic Number 40

Lupin Logic

Contents

Albus lupin warning

Market outlook

Seed quality testing

Binder and index

Furrow seeding

Bulletin 4267 - Growing Macadamia Nuts, John Dick, Alec Mccarthy

Bulletins 4000 -

The macadamia (Macadamia integrifolia and M. tetraphylla) are native Australian trees that have been developed as a commercial food crop.

About two million macadamia trees are planted in Australia over 6000 hectares. These produce about 12,000 tonnes of nuts. New South Wales and Queensland account for 90 per cent of the trees.

Unfortunately, Western Australian conditions are different again to the eastern States. Therefore, local trials will be required before varieties particularly suited to this State's conditions can be developed.

Lupin Logic Number 39

Lupin Logic

Contents

Lunar landscape

- Rhizoctonia patch

- Eradu patch

- Action required

Back saving bin

Row orientation

Manganese spraying

Reminders

Correction

1992/93 Pool payments

Effect Of Topping Time On Dark Tobacco Yield, Bill Maksymowicz

Agronomy Notes

When the terminal bud is removed from tobacco by topping, a number of changes are triggered in the plant: increased root growth, nicotine synthesis, improved drought tolerance, and leaf expansion and increased thickness. These changes are affected by topping time; generally there will be less crop response to topping as topping is delayed. The most important changes, from a producer's perspective, are continued leaf expansion and thickening, with a commensurate improvement in quality and increase in yield. Topping at the proper time of plant development is often difficult on a field scale since uneven crop growth, particularly when tobacco is …

Analysis Of Black Point In Wheat, J M. Wilson

Technical Bulletins

Fungal staining (black point) of wheat can reduce the quality of grain. The most serious problem is a discolouration of products. Discolouration is a consequence of infection by microorganisms. The most likely cause in Western Australia is a species of the common fungus Alternaria. Infection and discolouration occur between flowering and grain maturity, and the optimum environmental conditions are probably consecutive days of high relative humidity together with warm temperatures.

Managing For Stubble Retention, Linda Leonard

Bulletins 4000 -

One of the objectives of sustainable farming systems is to retain as much cover on the soil as possible – this helps to maintain soil structure and protects the soil from erosion.

Improving productivity, maintaining soil structure, and stabilising fragile soils are some of the desired aims of farming. Sound rotations, reduced tillage, effective use of herbicides, maintenance of ground cover and careful management of stock are part of the management process used in achieving these goals.

This Bulletin provides an introduction to stubble retention systems. Its purpose is to create an awareness of the benefits and principles of stubble …

Lupin Logic Number 38

Lupin Logic

Contents

Attitudes to dry seeding lupins

Communication corrections

Liming and lupins

- Editors note

CMV testing 1993/94

- Changes for 1993

Reminders

1992/93 Pool payments

Sucker Control Performance In Dark Tobacco, Bill Maksymowicz

Agronomy Notes

Poor sucker control adversely affects tobacco yield and quality. Suckers serve as a "sink" for nutrients and dry matter that otherwise would go to the expanding leaves intended for harvest, resulting in lower yields. Hand removal of large suckers can cause leaf damage, and failure to remove suckers may result in spoilage during the curing process, resulting in lowered quality. Use of chemical sucker control measures used in burley production can produce lower yields or W1desirable cured leaf color of dark tobacco. These studies were conducted to compare the effects of recommended sucker control practices for dark tobacco with systems …

Proceedings Of The Workshop On Adaptation Of Plants To Soil Stresses, J.W. Maranville, V.C. Baligar, R.R. Duncan, J. M. Yohe

INTSORMIL Impacts and Bulletins

Sustainable production of food and forage with a focus on plant adaptation to stress environments will be a continued priority for developing countries in the future. Since many areas of the world which support substantial human populations are drought prone, such as the subsaharan African zone and others, the primary focus has been on drought. However, one of the greatest restraints to sustainability of agriculture worldwide is the lack of sufficient soil nutrients for crop growth, or other soil constraints such as acidity or salinity which hinder crop production substantially.

Optimizing soil fertility or amending acid and saline soils to …

Lupin Logic Number 37

Lupin Logic

Contents

Lupin yields

Western flower thrips

Stubble handling

Broome seed banks

Reminders

Communication channels

Byenup Hill Catchment Report : Carlecatup Catchment Land Conservation District, Justin Hardy

Agriculture reports

The Byenup Hill Catchment is situated just west of Graham's Well which was a major watering point for early travellers. The area was first settled around 1890 and some of the names associated with early settlement are Hinchey, Dennis, Bilney, Holding and Gabette. Clearing with axes was a slow process and most of the sheep were run in the bush in areas free from poison bush. A reasonable number of trees were left standing and the last clearing was done in the 1980's. The first signs of salt appeared in the 1930's and advanced with increased clearing.

Lupin Logic Number 36

Lupin Logic

Contents

Paddock walk?

Virus resitant lupins

Fest lupins

Beethoven not good enough!

Lupin receivals

Kiev post plant weed control

Mailing list

Lupin Logic Number 35

Lupin Logic

Contents

Transgenic lupins

Seventh international Lupin Conference

Inoculation

Lupin Survey

Post emergence weed control

Fungicides post plant

Yield estimates

Projected 1992/93 Pool payments/tonne

Arkansas Rice Research Studies 1992, B. R. Wells

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

The research reports in this publication represent one year of results; therefore, these results should not be used as a basis for longterm recommendations. Several research reports in this publication dealing with soil fertility also appear in Arkansas Soil Fertility Studies 1992, Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series 425. This duplication is the result of the overlap in research coverage between the two series and our effort to inform Arkansas rice producers of all the research being conducted with funds from the rice check-off.

Lupin Logic Number 34

Lupin Logic

Contents

Kiev Mutant

- Soil type

- Rainfall

- Seed treatment

Time of seeding

- Seeding rate and agitation

- Weed control

- Insects

- Harvest

- Stubble grazing

- Marketing

Breeding Albus lupins - Beavan Buirchell

4.5 tonnes per hectare

Lupin outlook - John Orr

Lupin Logic Number 33

Lupin Logic

Contents

Phosphorus for lupin crops

- Using the table

Phosphate source

Lupin seeding rates

Lime and lupins

Time of planting

1992/93 Pool payments

A Survey Of The Content Of Some Heavy Metals In Soil And Corn Grain In The Pond And Lower Green River Bottoms, Kenneth L. Wells, Greg Henson, George Kelley

Agronomy Notes

Corn is intensively grown along the Green and Pond Rivers in McLean, Hopkins, and Webster Counties, Kentucky, representing a major source of income to producers in those areas. However, producers in McLean County have experienced poorer corn production than expected for many years. This has been observed more on the Pond River bottoms and the Green River bottoms below the confluence of the Pond than upstream on the Green above the Pond. Some producers have speculated that their poor production may be associated with chemical pollution from the Pond River and/or nearby industrial sources. On this basis, an assumption was …

Lupin Logic Number 32

Lupin Logic

Contents

Lupin survey

- Lupin time of planting census 1992

- Yield

- Stand density

- Concession

- Dry seeding

- Time of seeding

Tonnes or grams

Inoculant and seed treatments

Yield losses with 0.5% CMV seed

Stubble burn?

New research on early establishment of lupins