Agricultural Science Commons^™

Enhancement Of Diapause Development In A Stem Borer, Busseola Fusca (Lep.: Noctuidae) By Dry Conditions, Takashi Okuda

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Water was an important factor for diapause termination only during the late stage of the diapause in Busseola fusca. Exposure to dry conditions for 2 months accelerated diapause development more. Diapause development proceeded at warm temperatures only. © 1991, JAPANESE SOCIETY OF APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY AND ZOOLOGY. All rights reserved.

Volatile Components Of Banana Pseudostem Of A Cultivar Susceptible To The Banana Weevil, Isaiah O. Ndiege, William J. Budenberg, Wilber Lwande, Ahmed Hassanali

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Volatiles from banana ('githumo''cultivar) pseudostem were trapped using porapak S. The trapped volatiles were desorbed from porapak columns by elution with dichloromethane and analysed using GC and GC-MS. The volatile compounds identified included α-pinene, β-pinene, β-myrcene, limonene, α-cubebene, α-copaene, α-cedrene, β-caryophyllene and α-humulene. © 1992.

Sand Bluestem And Prairie Sandreed Establishment, Robert A. Masters, Kenneth P. Vogel, Patrick E. Reece, Dennis Bauer

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Sand bluestem [Andropogon gerardii var. paucipilus (Nash) Fern,] and prairie sandreed (Calamovitfa longifolia Hook.) are native warm-season grasses used to revegetate cropland and degraded rangeland on highly erodible sandy soils in the central Great Plains. The objectives of this study were to compare establishment success of the 2 grasses and to determine if application of atrazine at time of planting enhanced grass establishment. Eight plantings, including 'Goldstrike' and 'Garden' sand bluestem and 'Goshen' and 'Pronghorn' prairie sandreed, were made from 1985 to 1987 at locations in eastern, north central, and western Nebraska. Three plantings were established under irrigation …

The Australian Lupin Collection - Passport Data For Wild And Semi-Domesticated Accessions Introduced Into Australia To 1990, J. C. Clements, W. A. Cowling

Grain and other field crops published reports

This report contains passport (including collection site) data and Commonwealth Plant Introduction (CPI) numbers for all wild and semi-domesticated Lupinus accessions introduced into Australia to 1990 (a total of 1071 accessions with CPI numbers between 10650 and 122692). Scientists or plant breeders with an interest in the characteristics of wild lupins from certain natural environments, such as high soil pH or low rainfall, will find this information invaluable when they select accessions for their experiments. The majority of the accessions were introduced by Western Australian scientists following collecting missions in the Mediterranean region, and the remainder were donated from institutions …

Ermelo Weeping Lovegrass Response To Clipping, Fertilization, And Watering, Robert A. Masters, Carlton Britton

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

A management strategy using short-duration grazing and fertilization was simulated in a study with individual 'Ermelo' weeping lovegrass [Eragrostis curvula (Shrad.)Nees] plants. Influence of 2 levels of clipping [unclipped during the growing season and clipped (C) to 10-cm stubble height each time regrowth reached 40 cm]; fertilizer [unfertilized and 70-34-44 kg N-P-K/ha (F)]; and watering frequency [irrigated to field capacity at 7- (WET) and 14- (DRY) day intervals] on cumulative herbage dry matter yield, crude protein yield, and water-use efficiency, and root mass of individual weeping lovegrass plants grown in soil contained in polyethylene tubes was determined. Clipping combined …

Comparative Phosphate Requirements Of Yellow Serradella (Ornithopus Compressus) Burr Medic (Medicago Polymorpha Var. Brevispina) And Subterranean Clover (Trifolium Subterraneum), Blakely Paynter

Grain and Other Field Crops Research Articles

The phosphate (P) requirements of burr medic (Medicago polymorpha) on marginally acidic, medium-textured soils and yellow serradella (Ornithopus compressus) on acidic, light-textured soils in the low rainfall (< 400 mm) wheatbelt of Western Australia are not known. The hypothesis that yellow serradella, subterranean clover (Trifolium suhrerraneum) and burr medic have the same external requirement for applied P was tested in a glasshouse trial on 2 P-deficient soils. Species were compared on an equal total seed weight and similar maturity length basis. It was found that yellow serradella required less soil applied P to achieve 90% maximum shoot production or total plant (shoots + roots) growth and had a greater curvature co-efficient from fitted Mitscherlich functions than either subterranean clover or burr medic. Burr medic was the most responsive to applied P and had the largest external requirement for applied P. These differences in external P requirements were related to differences in ability of the 3 legumes to absorb P and to transport it to their shoots and were not due to differences in internal efficiency of the shoots. Yellow serradella was able to take up more P (total plant P content) per g roots than subterranean clover, and subterranean clover more than burr medic. The same relationship applied to the translocation of absorbed P from roots to shoots.

Bulletin No 4191 - Inputs For Beefin, D. J. Barker, P J. May, R. G. Grieve

Bulletins 4000 -

BEEFIN is a computer model (Barker et at. 1986) that calculates profit maximizing diets for finishing cattle to a specified carcass weight and fat thickness. It predicts cattle growth, feed conversion ratio, final liveweight, number of days on feed and amount of available feedstuffs to finish the cattle to specification.

BEEFIN calculates an enterprise profit and loss budget and performs a sensitivity analysis on cattle and feed price changes. A sensitivity analysis of returns to assets, variable costs and per tonne of feed fed is also calculated.

The Effects Of Within-Row Spacings & Cultivars On The Yield Of Bush Snap Beans (Phaseolus Vulgaris L.), Timothy Hafner

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

The effects of within-row spacings and cultivars on the yield of bush snap beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) were studied in two experiments. In each experiment, two cultivars and four within-row spacings (8, 15, 23 and 30 cm) were arranged in a split-plot with four replications. Spacing treatments were the whole plots and cultivars were the split plots. In 1988, the two cultivars were 'Blue Lake 274' and 'White Half Runner'. In 1989, the cultivars were 'Blue Lake 274' and 'Kentucky Wonder 125'. All rows were spaced 91 cm apart. Pods were harvested and oven dried. The data were subjected …

Land Management Manual. Merredin Advisory District, F. Frost, M Howell

Natural resources published reports

Farming by soil type recognizes that each major soil unit has specific land use capabilities. 'When developing a farm management programme, understanding and appreciating the productive potential and degradation hazard of each soil unit ensures that production systems can be developed which are 'sustainable. The aim of this land management manual is to describe the climatic and geological features of the district and provide definitions of each of the major soil units and 'current management recommendations. The material is designed to be used as an information base for farm planners.

Thes oil units described are for the Merredin advisory district …

Bulletin No 4187 - Choosing Commercial Beef Bulls, David Barker

Bulletins 4000 -

This bulletin provides a method of placing realistic differences in value on young bulls offered for sale.

The prices paid for young bulls are often based on superficial appearance alone, and this has important financial implications for the purchaser. Different characteristics have either large or small effects on the net value of progeny produced. They are dependent on such factors as: the variability of different characteristics in cattle; differences in reliability of the assessment; the extent to which the characteristic is passed on to the progeny; the effect of the characteristic on realized net value of the progeny; the effect …

Miscellaneous Publication 23/90 - The Economic Implications Of Btec Destocking Part Of The West Kimberley Cattle Herd, Bruce Howard

Biosecurity published reports

Economic implications of destocking infected breeding cows from the West Kimberley region, as part of the Brucellosis and Tuberculosis Eradication Campaign (BTEC) programme, were studied to evaluate effects on herd size, turn-off, cash surpluses and herd asset value.

Sorghum Nutritional Quality, Gebisa Ejeta, Edwin T. Mertz, Lloyd Rooney, Robert Schaffer, John M. Yohe

INTSORMIL Impacts and Bulletins

Table of Contents

Opening Session Page

Introduction, D. W. Thomas

Purpose of Conference, R. Schaffert

The Sorghum Producers Views on Sorghum Quality Improvement, L. Rooney

Importance of Sorghum on a Global Scale, B. Maunder

Relevance of International Sorghum and Millet Research to U.S. Agriculture, J. M. Yohe

Proceedings Of The 17th Annual Meeting, Southern Soybean Disease Workers (March 20-22, 1990, Biloxi, Mississippi): Soybean Disease Control At A Crossroad, William S. Gazaway, Donald E. Hershman, J. Allen Wrather, Gary W. Lawrence, Glenn G. Hammes

Southern Soybean Disease Workers: Conference Proceedings

Contents

Southern Soybean Disease Workers Officers 1989-1990

Southern Soybean Disease Workers Program Committee 1989-1990

Southern Soybean Disease Workers Committee Chairmen 1989-1990

General session

Presidential address. B Gazaway

Keynote address. K Smith

Invited speakers

Future Impacts of Biotechnology on Soybean Production and Uses. X Delannay

Diseases of Soybean Associated with International Seed Trade. B Moore

Impact of Regulatory Change and GLP's on New Fungicide Discovery and Development. G Hammes

Graduate student papers

Double-Stranded RNA and Virus-Like Particles From the Soybean Stem canker Pathogen, Diaporthe phaseolorum var. caulivora. Y Lee, JP Snow, GT Berggren, and RA Valverde

Development of Soybean Varieties …

Bulletin Ma 1/90 - Manjimup/Pemberton Vegetable Variety Planting Guide 1990, J. R. Burt, A G. Mckay, D. R. Phillips, M. A. Hegney

Horticulture published reports

AGDEX NO: 250/30

Manjimup Regional Office

Manjimup and Pemberton vegetable planting guide 1990.

Quantification Of Spermatozoa In The Sperm-Storage Tubules Of Turkey Hens And The Relation To Sperm Numbers In The Perivitelline Layer Of Eggs, J. P. Brillard, M. R. Bakst

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

This study was conducted to determine the number of spermatozoa residing in the oviduct sperm-storage tubules (SST) and the relationship between these numbers and the number of spermatozoa embedded in the perivitelline layer of oviductal eggs after a single insemination of 200 X 10⁴ spermatozoa. The SST of hens inseminated within one week before the expected onset of egg production were filled faster (4 h vs. 2 days) and possessed more spermatozoa (4.1 vs. 2.0 X 10⁶) than the SST of hens inseminated after the onset of egg production. Furthermore, for hens in egg production, significantly fewer …

What Are Land Conservation Districts?, Western Australian Department Of Agriculture

Natural resources published reports

Land conservation groups need your support. Land degradation is not just a farming problem. We change the land and waters in many ways, whether it be clearing of precious natural bush or through the fertilizers which leach from our gardens.

By learning about the Land Conservation Districts achievements and understanding the challenges they face we can better see our own place in the scheme of things.

We will learn the ways to organize for Landcare in other rural areas, or in the city, that will be successful.

This is what the Decade of Landcare is all about - providing an …

Bulletin No 4168 - Plants In Australia Which When Eaten Produce Photosensitization In Livestock, T E H Aplin

Bulletins 4000 -

Photosensitization is the term used to describe inflammation of the skin (usually unpigmented) caused by photodynamic compounds, circulating in blood stream, becoming bound to dermal cells and fluorescing when the animal is exposed to ultraviolet light (290-400 nm).

Photosensitization usually occurs when an animal eats certain plants that contain photodynamic compounds. These compounds can be deposited unchanged in the skin after ingestion, the normal liver being incapable of excreting the native fluorescent compound. This is termed type 1 photosensitization and the compounds involved are naphthodianthrone derivatives. Photodynamic compounds can also be produced through aberrant metabolism by the liver due to …

Plantscan, Ted Lefroy, Fritz Droge

Natural resources published reports

PLANTSCAN is a network of schools and landholders throughout the wheatbelt of Western Australia. It aims to speed up the process of testing plants for their suitability to this environment.

This kit contains seed of various trees and shrubs and notes on how to grow them, plant them out into a small plot and record their progress.

Schools and landholders throughout the wheatbelt who have purchased this kit become part of a research network aimed at selecting plants that will:

* overcome soil erosion;

* overcome soil salinity;

* and provide a source of income for farmers.

The following sheets …

Intramuscular Collagen And Serum Hydroxyproline As Related To Implanted Testosterone, Dihydrotestosterone And Estradiol-17Β In Growing Wethers, L. F. Miller, M. D. Judge, B. D. Schanbacher

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Relationships of implanted testosterone, dihydrotestosterone and estradiol-17β to collagen degradation and intramuscular collagen concentration and stability were determined. Intramuscular collagen content, solubility and shrinkage temperature and serum hydroxyproline were analyzed in groups of six rams, wethers, and wethers implanted with various levels of testosterone or dihydrotestosterone (Exp. 1) and groups of 10 rams, wethers and wethers implanted with estradiol-17β, dihydrotestosterone or a combination of these two steroids (Exp. 2). Intramuscular collagen content in both experiments was higher (P < .05) in muscles of rams than in muscles of wethers. Administration of the highest level of testosterone to wethers raised (P < .05) total and insoluble intramuscular collagen to concentrations noted in rams. Administration of the testosterone metabolite, dihydrotestosterone, to wethers had no effect on intramuscular collagen. Administration of estradiol-17β to wethers tended to raise concentrations of intramuscular collagen so that they were no longer lower (P < .05) than those in rams. Collagen stability as measured by solubility and thermal shrinkage temperature did not differ among rams, wethers or implanted wethers (P > .05). Increases in collagen accretion due to hormone administration were observed to be the result of increases in the insoluble portion of …

Comparative Attraction Of Four Different Fiberglass Traps To Various Age And Sex Classes Of Stable Fly (Diptera: Muscidae) Adults, Jerome Hogsette, Joseph Ruff

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

An Alsynite cylinder trap and three different Williams cross-configuration traps with three adhesives were compared to determine their relative attraction to stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans (L.), adults. Williams traps coated with Olson Sticky Stuff performed as well as Williams traps coated with Tack Trap, thus allowing fly samples collected with either adhesive to be compared. The cylinder trap captured fewer total flies,but more flies per cm² than any of the Williams traps. Sex ratio of flies captured on the cylinder trap was 50:50, while the three Williams traps captured predominantly males. The cylinder trap captured a larger percentage of …

Concentrations Of Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I In Blood And Ovarian Follicular Fluid Of Cattle Selected For Twins, S. E. Echternkamp, L. J. Spicer, K. E. Gregory, S. F. Canning, J. M. Hammond

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Recent studies have implicated insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) as an intraovarian regulator of follicular growth and differentiation. Therefore, we investigated the possibility that cattle selected for twin births may have increased concentrations of IGF-I within the ovarian follicle and(or) in peripheral blood. The estrous cycles of 14 cows with histories of producing twins and 12 control monotocous cows were synchronized with 35 mg of prostaglandin F_2α (PGF_2α). Blood and follicular fluid were collected 48-50 h post-administration of PGF_2α. (follicular phase of the estrous cycle). Concentrations of IGF-I were measured by RJA after acid-ethanol treatment …

Concentrations Of Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I In Blood And Ovarian Follicular Fluid Of Cattle Selected For Twins, S. E. Echternkamp, L. J. Spicer, K. E. Gregory, S. F. Canning, J. M. Hammond

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Recent studies have implicated insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) as an intraovarian regulator of follicular growth and differentiation. Therefore, we investigated the possibility that cattle selected for twin births may have increased concentrations of IGF-I within the ovarian follicle and(or) in peripheral blood. The estrous cycles of 14 cows with histories of producing twins and 12 control monotocous cows were synchronized with 35 mg of prostaglandin F_2a (PGF_2a). Blood and follicular fluid were collected 48-50 h post-administration of PGF_2a (follicular phase of the estrous cycle). Concentrations of IGF-I were measured by RJA after acid.ethanol treatment of …

Evaluation Of Seeding Rates Of Au Triumph And Endophyte-Infected Kentucky 31 Tall Fescue, Jeffrey F. Pedersen, D. M. Ball

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Increased difficulty in stand establishment of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) has been reported by producers since the introduction of endophyte (Acremonium coenophialum Morgan Jones and Gams)-free tall fescue seed into the market place. This has encouraged the use of higher seeding rates for endophyte-free tall fescue without scientific basis. The objective of this study was to determine whether ‘AU Triumph’, and endophyte-free cultivar, and endophyte-infected ‘Kentucky 31’ differ in minimum seeding rates for successful establishment. Experiments were established at two locations in each of two years, using a randomized complete block with four replications. Soils at the two locations …

Heritability Of Root Characteristics Affecting Mineral Uptake In Tall Fescue, J. H. Edwards, Jeffrey F. Pedersen, R. C. Kingery

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Modification of plant roots can potentially increase the area. of adaptation of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.). Limited information is available on the heritability of root diameter and root volume in tall fescue. A greenhouse experiment was conducted with'50 random 'Kentucky 31' (Ky-31) tall fescue parents and their progeny grown in aerated nutrient solution during four separate time intervals. Measurements of root volume, root diameter, shoot Mg concentration, and shoot K/(Mg + Ca) ratio were made six weeks after clonal material was transplanted in nutrient solution. Heritability estimates for root volume, root diameter, shoot Mg concentration, and shoot K/(Mg …

A Review Of The Agronomic Characteristics Of Endophyte-Free And Endophyte-Infected Tall Fescue, Jeffrey F. Pedersen, G. D. Lacefield, D. M. Ball

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Agronomic differences between endophyte- (Acremonium coenophialum Morgan Jones and Gams) free and endophyte-infected tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) exist, and should be considered when implementing a management strategy. Although dry matter yield of tall fescue does not generally appear to be influenced by endophyte infection status, endophyte infection has been shown to improve seedling performance and survival, is associated with insect and nematode resistance, drought resistance, improved nitrogen assimilation, and higher seed set. Considering all biologically valuable characters of the endophyte-tall fescue relationship, survival of endophyte-infected tall fescue is probably better than that of endophyte-free tall fescue, especially in drought- …

Fescues With Large Roots Are Drought Tolerant, H. A. Torbert, J. H. Edwards, Jeffrey F. Pedersen

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Consideration of root/soil interactions is essential in, adapting tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) to soil and climatic conditions of the Coastal Plain region of the southeast. Sandy soils of the region are very susceptible to the formation of hardpans. These compacted layers often restrict plant root development to the plow layer (0 to 6 in.) and prevent plant roots from reaching available moisture and nutrients in the subsoil horizons. Plants grown under these conditions are shallow rooted and will be subjected to water stress up to 50% of the time during the growing season. Although implements are available to penetrate …

Leafy Spurge: Threat To Central Plains Grasslands, Robert A. Masters

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula L.) is a noxious weed that threatens grasslands in the central and northern Great Plains and the prairie provinces of Canada. Leafy spurge threatens prairie communities by displacing native species and reducing species diversity. Effective management of this undesirable plant requires that one be able to identify leafy spurge, understand the characteristics that contribute to its aggressive habit, and be aware of practices that are available to control this noxious weed. The aggressive habit of leafy spurge is related to its ability to reproduce both by seed and by numerous adventitious shoot buds located along …

Increasing Phosphorus Concentration In Lupin Seed Increases Grain Yield On Phosphorus Deficient Soil, Mike D. Bolland, Blakely Paynter, Mike Baker

Grain and Other Field Crops Research Articles

In a field experiment on a phosphorus (P) deficient soil in south-western Australia, lupin seed ( Lupinus angustifolius cv. Danja) of the same size (157 mg/seed) but with 2 different phosphorus (P) concentrations in the seed (2.0 and 2.8 g P/kg) was sown with 4 levels of superphosphate (5, 20, 40 and 60 kg P/ha) drilled with the seed in May 1988 to examine the effect of seed P concentration on subsequent dry matter (DM) and grain yields. Increasing the amount of superphosphate applied from 5 to 60 kg P/ha almost doubled yields. In addition, lupins grown from seed containing …

Tillage And Fertilizer Influences On Corn And Legume Cover, J. E. Gilley, J. F. Power, P. J. Reznicek, S. C. Finkner

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

The use of legumes in a cropping system may provide a variety of benefits. In this study, the effectiveness of selected legume species in providing surface cover was examined. The legumes were interseeded into either conventional or no-till corn, with or without N fertilizer. Both maximum legume cover and maximum cover furnished by corn plus legumes were examined. Mean cover provided during the study period by both the cover crop, and corn plus cover crop was also determined.

Soil Disturbance-Residue Management Effect On Winter Wheat Growth And Yield, Wallace Wilhelm, H. Bouzerzour, J. F. Power

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

The need to reduce soil erosion, maximize soil water conservation, and optimize grain production in dryland cropping systems in the Central Great Plains has culminated in development of nontilled fallow systems. These systems have greatly reduced the degree of soil disturbance, and the amount and degree of residue incorporation. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the influence of soil disturbance and residue management on soil temperature, soil water, and winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) growth. Two field studies were established in 1981 and 1982 on an Alliance silt loam (Fine-silty, mixed, mesic Aridic Argiustoll) with treatments consisting …