Pharmacology Commons^™

Beta-Blocker And Its Neuropsychiatric Effects, Ploylarp Lertvipapath, Wikrom Warunyuwong

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Norepinephrine from locus coeruleus plays roles in memory processes and behavioral controls. Locus coeruleus change is found in the primary neurodegenerative disease. The disruption of this central adrenergic pathway could contribute to neuropsychiatric .

Ocimum Gratissimum Linn. (Lamiaceae) Protects Wistar Rats Against Inflammation And Oxidative Stress In Trinitrobenzene Sulfonic Acid-Induced Colitis, O. O. Abiodun, N. Nwadike, F. N. Ogunleye, A. S. Sosanya

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Background and Aim: The activity of methanol extract of leaf of Ocimum gratissimum a plant with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-ulcerogenic activities in a rat model of colitis was evaluated. Experimental Procedures: Colitis was induced in 30 of.

Monodora Myristica Seed Extracts Ameliorate Crude Oil Contaminated Diet-Induced Cardiotoxicity In Rats, G. T. Esiekpe, B. O. George, O. C. Orororo, A. A. Akpede, G. E. Okevwe, E. Onotugoma, J. Oguntola

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Aim: This study investigated the ameliorative effects of Monodora myristica seed extracts in serum and heart of rats fed crude petroleum oil-polluted diet (CPOPD). ). Materials and Methods: Thirty adult Wistar rats (180 ± 5 g) were used for the study. T..

Development Of Immunofet Biosensor For Detection Of 3-Nitrotyrosine, Khine Kyi Han, Supachoke Mangmool, Korbtham Sathirakul, Kosum Chansiri, Wutthinan Jeamsaksiri, Prapimpun Wongchitrat, Montri Yasawong

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

3-Nitrotyrosine (3-NT) is one of the important biomarkers for the detection of excess of oxidative and nitrosative stress in the body, and derived from peroxynitrite-induced nitration of free and protein-bound at tyrosine residues. It was increased with .

A Comparison Of Model Fitting Using Different Runs In Box–Behnken Design For Alginate Film Formulation, Nichayarach Invichian N/A, Warangkana Warisnoicharoen

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Introduction: Box–Behnken design (BBD) is a response surface method used for experimental design in several applications such as pharmaceutical and food. BBD experiment can be run using different central points (CPs) for analyzing optimal model fitting...

Protective Effect Of Croton Zambesicus Leaf Extract Against Carbon Tetrachlorideinduced Cardiac Toxicity In Rats, Rashidat Oluwafunke Ayanniyi, Hidayah Ayodeji Olumoh-Abdul, Fatimoh Idowu Ojuade, Nnaemeka Asogwa

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Background: The leaves of Croton zambesicus (CZ) Muell Arg. (Euphorbiaceae) are used as a spice for food and in traditional medicine for the management of several disease conditions, including hypertension and diabetes. The study was carried out to deter.

Cytotoxicity And Antiplasmodial Activity Of Alkaloid Extracts Prepared From Eight African Medicinal Plants Used In Nigeria, U. E. Uzuegbu, O. A. Opajobi, J. E. Utalor, C. O. Elu, I. Onyesom

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Objectives: Malaria morbidity and mortality rates are worsening, despite the dedicated commitment to eradicate the infestation, principally because of failing chemotherapy, the mainstay of treatment, and lack of registered vaccine. Therefore, the search .

Cell Lysis Methods And Coenzyme Q10 Production Of Methylobacterium Strains, Nattida Mingrapoch, Somboon Tanasupawat, Dusadee Charnvanich

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Objective: This research aimed to investigate the effect of cell lysis methods on a quantity of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) produced by Methylobacterium strains. Methods: Methylobacterium organophilum NBRC 15689T and Methylobacterium strain LRY1-08 were used to.

Proton Pump Inhibitors Use In Short Bowel Patients At A Thai Tertiary Hospital: A 10-Year Retrospective Observational Study, Sasisom Phadungkingtrakul, Namthip Iamkaeo, Piyathida Isutsiri, Prattana Sirisupamongkhon, Suyanee Pongthananikorn, Tippawan Siritientong

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Background: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) reduce the gastric acid secretion in short bowel patients. However, the absorptive areas of these patients are limited. In case of residual jejunum length <50 cm, the intravenous administration of PPIs should be .

Sex Differences In The Mechanisms That Modulate The Neurochemical Effects Of Nicotine, Kevin Uribe

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

Prior behavioral studies in our laboratory revealed that overexpression of the stress peptide, corticotrophin-releasing factor (CRF), in the mesocorticolimbic reward pathway enhanced the reinforcing effects of nicotine. The latter effect was greater in female versus male rats, suggesting that females are uniquely susceptible to the effects of stress on nicotine reinforcement. The goal of this dissertation was to examine the neurochemical mechanisms by which overexpression of CRF in the nucleus accumbens (NAc), a terminal region of the mesocorticolimbic pathway, modulates the behavioral effects of nicotine. Specifically, we examined whether nicotine-induced dopamine levels are altered by CRF overexpression via excitatory (glutamate) …

The Effect Of Waterpipe/Hookah On Platelet Function And The Impact Of Inhibition Of Gβγ Subunits On Hemostasis And Thrombogenesis, Ahmed Alarabi

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

Abstract (Hookah)

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD’s) is a major public health problem. Among CVD’s risk factors, tobacco smoking is considered the single most preventable cause of death, with thrombosis being the main mechanism of CVD’s mortality in smokers. While tobacco smoking has been on the decline, the use of waterpipe/hookah has been rising, mainly due to the perception that they are “less harmful” than regular cigarettes. Strikingly, there are few studies on the negative effects of waterpipes on the cardiovascular system, and none regarding their direct contribution to thrombus formation. We employed a waterpipe whole-body exposure protocol that mimics real‐life human …

Reducing Reperfusion Injury In An Adult Rat Stroke Model With St-115 Treatment, Morgan Rae Lenz

Master's Theses

The restoration of blood flow to ischemic cerebral tissue can result in reperfusion injury, and blocking reperfusion injury can significantly aid in recovery of ischemic tissue. Bradykinin has been shown to exhibit protective effects, but does not reach protective levels during reperfusion due to inactivation by aminopeptidase P2 (APP2). Therefore, inhibiting APP2 during reperfusion is a potential therapeutic strategy to aid in the reduction of reperfusion injury, leading to the development of ST-115, an APP2 inhibitor. It was hypothesized that administration of ST-115 during ischemic stroke, and just prior to reperfusion, will result in reduced neurological injury and increased functional …

Epigenetic Regulation Of Drug Metabolizing Enzymes In Normal Aging, Mohamad M. Kronfol

Theses and Dissertations

Geriatric populations are at a higher risk for adverse drug reactions (ADRs). This may be partly due to changes in drug metabolism in old age, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Prior research in humans and mice has shown age-associated changes to the expression of several genes involved in drug metabolism. Furthermore, studies of human blood showed that epigenetic regulation of genes encoding drug metabolizing enzymes change with age. However, it is unknown if genes in the liver are similarly affected. Therefore, we hypothesize that genes encoding drug metabolizing enzymes may show differential epigenetic regulation in the liver with …

Model-Based In-Vitro Pk/Pd Profiling Of Novel Synthetic Allosteric Effectors Of Hemoglobin (Aeh) As Potential Sickle Cell Disease (Scd) Therapeutics, Xiaomeng Xu

Theses and Dissertations

Introduction: Allosteric effectors of hemoglobin (AEH) represent a class of synthetic aromatic aldehydes that transiently form covalent interactions (Schiff-base) with hemoglobin (Hb) to form Hb-AEH adduct, preventing the HbS polymerization and sickling of red blood cells (RBC). The overall objective of this research was to aid in the optimization of novel AEH by understanding their target-site disposition of AEH in relevant biological matrices, e.g., HbA solution, whole blood (WB) and human liver cytosol (HLC), a surrogate of aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH)-mediated oxidative metabolism.

Methods: A “universal” HPLC-UV/Vis assay method was developed for the quantitation of HbA-AEH adduct for chemically …

Phytoremediation Potential Of Four Heavy Metals In Soil By Chromolaena Odorata (L.) King & Robinson At The Phytotoxicity Screening Benchmarks, Gloria O. Omoregie, Beckley Ikhajiagbe, Geoffery O. Anoliefo

Tanzania Journal of Science

The remediative capacity of Chromolaena odorata with respect to heavy metal induced growth-stress was investigated. This was with a view to providing information on the adaptive mechanisms adopted by the test plant during the phytoremediation of selected heavy metals such as copper, manganese, zinc and cadmium. Stems of C. odorata were planted in soils polluted with  Mn, Zn, Cd, and Cu at the ecological screening benchmark (ESB) of 50 mg/kg (Mn and Zn), 4 mg/kg (Cd) and 100 mg/kg (Cu) of metal per kilogram of soil, in varying concentrations of 0 ESB (control), 1 ESB, 3 ESB and 5 ESB. …

Theranostics For Antiretroviral Biodistribution And Pharmacokinetics, Brendan M. Ottemann

Theses & Dissertations

RATIONALE: Our laboratories birthed the field of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) theranostics. The new field allows simultaneous detection (diagnostics) and treatment (therapeutic) for the identification, treatment and inevitable elimination of virus in cell and tissue compartments. By employing theranostics, antiretroviral drugs (ARVs) can be tracked in lymph nodes, gut, spleen and liver. Cellular viral reservoirs including CD4+ T cell populations and mononuclear phagocytes (MP; monocytes, macrophages, microglia and dendritic cells) along with subcellular endosomal structures can now be targeted for drug delivery bringing therapeutics to areas where virus replicates. The overarching idea rests in improving precision targeted ARV delivery. …

Role Of Astrocyte-Derived Extracellular Vesicles In Neuroinflammation Mediated By Drug Abuse, Ke Liao

Theses & Dissertations

Neuronal damage and neuroinflammation is a hallmark feature of HIV-associated neurological disorders (HANDs). Opioids abuse accelerates the incidence and progression of HAND; however, the mechanisms underlying the potentiation of neuropathogenesis by these drugs remain elusive. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are essential conduits in HIV and drug abuse-mediated synaptodendritic injury and neuroinflammation. Findings from our group have demonstrated that astrocyte-derived EV (ADEV)-miRNA-29b mediates HIV Tat and morphine-induced neuronal injury, thus underscoring the importance of such interactions in NeuroHIV.

Besides, HIV Tat and morphine-mediated synaptodendritic injury via ADEVs, we are also interested in whether ADEVs contributes to neuroinflammation. Microglia are critical players in …

An Electronic Medical Records-Based Approach To Identify Idiosyncratic Drug-Induced Liver Injury In Children., Tracy L. Sandritter, Jennifer Goldman, Clayton J Habiger, James F. Daniel, Jennifer Lowry, Ryan T. Fischer

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is the leading cause of liver failure in the United States and the most common cause of drug recall. As opposed to the recognized direct toxicity of super-therapeutic acetaminophen or chemotherapeutic agents in children, limited data exists for pediatric populations on the incidence of idiosyncratic DILI (iDILI) that may develop independently of drug dose or duration of administration. To improve the detection of adverse drug reactions at our hospital, we utilized electronic medical records-based automated trigger tools to alert providers of potential iDILI. Clinical criteria concerning for iDILI were defined as serum ALT > 5x or serum …

An Investigation Into The Relationships Between Bullying, Discrimination, Burnout And Patient Safety In Nurses And Midwives: Is Burnout A Mediator?, Judith Johnson, Lorraine Cameron, Lucy Mitchinson, Mayur Parmar, Gail Opio-Te, Gemma Louch, Angela Grange

HPD Articles

BACKGROUND: Bullying and discrimination may be indirectly associated with patient safety via their contribution to burnout, but research has yet to establish this. AIMS: The aims of this study were to investigate the relationships between workplace bullying, perceived discrimination, levels of burnout and patient safety perceptions in nurses and midwives and to assess whether bullying and discrimination were more frequently experienced by Black, Asian and minority ethnic than White nurses and midwives. METHODS: In total, 528 nurses and midwives were recruited from four hospitals in the United Kingdom to complete a cross-sectional survey between February and March 2017. The survey …

Sustainable Solutions, Fall/Winter 2020, Issue 41

Sustain Magazine

No abstract provided.

Acetaminophen Protein Adducts In Hospitalized Children Receiving Multiple Doses Of Acetaminophen., Sibo Jiang, Valvanera Vozmediano, Susan M. Abdel-Rahman, Stephan Schmidt, Laura P. James

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Previous reports have questioned the safety of multiple doses of acetaminophen administered to ill children. Acetaminophen protein adducts (adducts) are a biomarker of acetaminophen-induced liver injury and reflect the oxidative metabolism of acetaminophen, a known mechanism in acetaminophen toxicity. In this prospective observational study, we analyzed adduct concentrations in 1034 blood samples obtained from 181 hospitalized children (1 to 18 years inclusive) who received 2 or more doses of acetaminophen. Linear regression analysis showed that serum adduct concentrations increased as a function of the cumulative acetaminophen dose, which could be attributed, in part, to a long half-life of adducts (2.17 …

Environmentally Responsible Land Use, Spring/Summer 2010, Issue 22

Sustain Magazine

No abstract provided.

Sustainable Communities, Fall/Winter 2010, Issue 21

Sustain Magazine

No abstract provided.

Sustainable Building, Spring/Summer 2009, Issue 20

Sustain Magazine

No abstract provided.

Environmental History, Fall/Winter 2009, Issue 19

Sustain Magazine

No abstract provided.

Student Research, Spring/Summer 2008, Issue 18

Sustain Magazine

No abstract provided.

Evolving Pollution Prevention, Fall/Winter 2008, Issue 17

Sustain Magazine

No abstract provided.

Climate Change, Spring/Summer 2007, Issue 16

Sustain Magazine

No abstract provided.

Our Energy Future, Fall/Winter 2007, Issue 15

Sustain Magazine

No abstract provided.

Land Conservation, Spring/Summer 2006, Issue 14

Sustain Magazine

No abstract provided.