Population Biology Commons^™

Genetic Studies Of Cave And Spring Populations Of The Freshwater Amphipod Crustacean Gammarus Minus Say, Steven Wolf Hetrick

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

The amphipod Gammaru. minus has three morphotypes in its Appalachian range : (1) a spring form with well-developed eyes, (2) an intermediate cave form with slightly reduced eyes, and (3) an extreme cave form with greatly reduced eyes. This study compares the genetic structure of populations in two karst areas and analyzes the genetics of populations of the three morphotypes.

Genetic data were collected from populations in the Ward's Cove, Virginia and Greenbrier Valley, West Virginia karst areas using zone electrophoresis zymograms. One hundred percent of the Ward's Cove populations are polymorphic at both MDH-1 and PEP 1 loci …

Special Report On Zoo Reform

Special Reports

The Humane Society of the United States has taken the lead for the past 3 1/2 years in reforming American zoos. HSUS has awakened Americans to the fact that wild animals have been caged inhumanely for many decades in the nation's zoos and that major and drastic actions are necessary to correct these problems. While HSUS has continued to insist that no wild animal should be exploited simply to create an attraction or exhibit, such is not the state of the world as it exists today. Consequently, HSUS is determined to do everything in its power to alleviate the suffering …

The Primitive Hunter Culture, Pleistocene Extinction, And The Rise Of Agriculture, Vernon L. Smith

Economics Faculty Articles and Research

The hypothesis that megafauna extinction some 10,000 years ago was due to "overkill" by Paleolithic hunters is examined using an economic model of a replenishable resource. The large herding animals that became extinct, such as mammoth, bison, camel, and mastodon, presented low hunting cost and high kill value. The absence of appropriation provided incentives for the wastage killing evident in some kill sites, while the slow growth, long lives, and long maturation of large animals increased their vulnerability to extinction. Free-access hunting is compared with socially optimal hunting and used to interpret the development of conservationist ethics, and controls, in …

Special Report On Controlling America's Pet Population

Special Reports

HSUS estimates that public and private animal control programs cost the nation as much as $500 million a year. Much of this expense is required for the feeding and care of unwanted animals during the 5 to 10 days they are held for adoption, killing the 80% that are not adopted or redeemed, and disposing of the carcasses. The result is both an unconscionable waste of life and a needless drain on public and private money.

A large part of the blame for people undertaking pet ownership without having made a total commitment to the animal lies with the pet …

Biological Control Of Insects On The Ord. 1. Production Of Sitotroga Cerealella For Mass Rearing Of Trichogramma Wasps, M Grimm, P. J. T. Lawrence

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Department of Agriculture entomologists have developed a technique for the production and collection of eggs of the Angoumois grain moth (Sitotroga cerealella) for mass-rearing the parasitic waspTrichogramma pretiosum Riley.

Trichogramma is giving promising results in trials aimed at developing biological control of insect pests in the Ord River Irrigation Area.

Raising Wood Ducks, Richard L. Nelson

Nebraska Game and Parks Commission: Publications

Numbered among Nature's most colorful creatures, wood ducks willingly accept a helping hand from man in establishing new homes. These birds adapt well to suitable habitat, and you can play an important part in bringing the wood duck to locations where they do not now nest. For groups or individuals who are willing to expend the effort necessary to undertake a wood duck restoration project anti see it to completion, it is an exceptional gift from today's generation to those of decades and centuries to come. Many areas in Nebraska provide suitable wood duck habitat, but do not have a …

A New Species Of Lesser Antillean Typhlops (Serpentes: Typhlopidae), Richard Thomas

Occasional Papers of the Museum of Natural Science, Louisiana State University

No abstract provided.

Generic Status Of Opheodrys Mayae, A Colubrid Snake Endemic To The Yucatan Peninsula, Douglas A. Rossman, Gerald C. Shaefer

Occasional Papers of the Museum of Natural Science, Louisiana State University

No abstract provided.

Seasonal Composition Of Zooplankton In The Lafayette River, Norfolk, Virginia, Dahn E. Crandall

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

Abstract unavailable.

The Ecology Of The Dominant Tick Species In The Northwestern Portion Of The Dismal Swamp National Wildlife Refuge, Mary Keith Garrett

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

Elements of the ecology of the two dominant man-biting ticks were studied during 1971-1973 in two locations in Southeastern Virginia, namely, what is now the Dismal Swamp National Wildlife Refuge and Newport News City Park. Tick species composition, relative abundance, density, and distribution in the two areas were compared. In addition, the Dismal Swamp locality was used as a test area for studies on the survival of native, lab reared and translocated Dermacentor variabilis (Say) and Amblvomma americanum (L.) in relation to selected abiotic factors. The Newport News locality served as a control area for these studies.

The species …

Mayflies, Or Ephemeroptera, Of West Virginia With Emphasis On The Nymphal Stage, Gerald M. Faulkner

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

This thesis presents the first detailed study of the Ephemeroptera of West Virginia. Eight hundred twelve cites were collected with five hundred eight yielding mayfly specimens. Twelve families are represented including twenty-seven genera and one hundred fifteen species. Four new species are reported along with seventy-seven state records and five hundred twelve county records. Distributional trends of species collected from four or more counties are proposed along with distributional maps on all species reported.

Effects Of Mississippi Delta Flooding On Spider Populations, Peggy Rae Dorris

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The Mississippi Delta flooded in the spring of 1973. Spider collections made in a Delta area of Mississippi in 1972 are compared with those made in 1973 during the flood and after it subsided. Because many egg cases and immature and mature spiders were destroyed by the flood, the spider population was diminished.

Threatened Fishes Of Arkansas, Henry W. Robison

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Intensive field collecting throughout Arkansas and a survey of literature and museum records revealed 37 fish species and subspecies in Arkansas to be threatened by human activities. Of these 37 threatened forms, seven are considered rare and endangered. One may be extinct. With regard to distribution, 19 threatened forms reside in the White River system and 11 and 10 inhabit the Arkansas and Red River systems, respectively. Nine fishes are considered threatened in the Ouachita River system, four threatened froms are known in the St. Francis drainage, and two are known in the Mississippi River proper.

Nongeographic Variation In The Long-Nosed Bat, Choeroniscus Intermedius, Hugh H. Genoways, Robert J. Baker, Bernard Wyatt

University of Nebraska State Museum: Mammalogy Papers

Of the 12 measurements analyzed, only length of tail exhibited enough individual variation to warrant its deletion in analysis of geographic or interspecific variation in the genus Choeroniscus. Also, because of the difficulty in consistently taking the measurement, we also suggest elimination of postorbital constriction.

Specimens of Choeroniscus intermedius were found to exhibit significant secondary sexual variation in five of the 12 measurements studied. Therefore, it is clear that males and females should be separated in analyses of variation within members of the genus. Females were found to be the larger in 10 of the 12 measurements--similar to the …

A Simulation Model Of Peromyscus Leucopus In An Area Of The Great Dismal Swamp, James E. Paschal Jr.

Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations

A computer simulation model was developed to explain the population dynamics of the white-footed mouse (Peromyscus leucopus) in an area of the Great Dismal Swamp. The model was designed to provide an experimental base for future studies. The model indicates relationships between food availability, home range size, competition with Peromyscus nuttali habitat selection and reproduction.

White-footed mice were trapped in the Old Dismal Town site during each season from April, 1972 through March, 1973. The age-sex structure of the population was determined, and was compared with the simulated structure. Although there were significant discrepancies between the comparisons, the …

The Bobwhite Quail, Norm Dey, Jack Sinn

Nebraska Game and Parks Commission: Publications

A Year with the Bobwhite

Population Dynamics—Managing the Variables

The Way to Quail Abundance

The Ring-Necked Pheasant In Nebraska, William L. Baxter, Carl W. Wolfe

Nebraska Game and Parks Commission: Publications

Ringneck—Its Past and Prospects: A most successful exotic, pheasant numbers are declining

Nuptial Rites and Nesting: Spring recoups winter’s losses

Summer Broods: While cocks undergo their annual moult, hens enter the brooding period; for eight weeks, hens attend chicks

Hunting the Ring-necked Pheasant

Season of Testing: Nebraska’s winters test a pheasant’s mettle, but given good cover and an adequate food supply, the ringneck is almost impervious to the elements

Methods of Management

Life History And Ecology Of The Ring-Necked Pheasant In Nebraska, William L. Baxter, Carl W. Wolfe

Nebraska Game and Parks Commission: Publications

Table of Contents

The Study … 6

Population Studies … 8 ...

Methods … 8 ...

Results and Discussion … 9

Nesting Studies … 13 ...

Methods … 13 ...

Results and Discussion … 14 ...

Nest Parasitism … 16 ...

Effects of Nest Searching on Nest Fate ... 17 ...

Nesting Chronology ... 18 ...

Roadside Nests ... 21 ...

Nesting in Experimental Alfalfa ... 22 ...

Pheasant Production in Wetlands ... 23

Brood Studies … 26 ...

Methods ... 26 ...

Sampling Problems ... 26 ...

Results and Discussion ... 27

Cover Utilization by Pheasant Broods ... 29 …

Checklist Of Arkansas Fishes, Thomas M. Buchanan

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Arkansas has a large, diverse fish fauna consisting of 193 species known to have been collected from the state's waters. The checklist is an up-to-date listing of both native and introduced species, and is intended to correct some of the longstanding and more recent erroneous Arkansas records.

Status Of The Mountain Lion In Arkansas, John A. Sealander, Philip S. Gipson

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Two authenticated kill records of the mountain lion, Felis concolor, in Arkansas are reported as well as numerous reliable sight records spanning an approximately 30-year period. Distribution of sightings in the state is discussed in relation to an expanding deer population. The cougar probably never was exterminated in Arkansas but it still may be considered endangered.

Biological Control Of Heliothis In Sorghum, P J. Michael

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

This research looks at Biological control of Heiiothis in sorghum, a preliminary report.

Notes On The Systemics Of Proechimys (Rodentia: Echimyidae), With Emphasis On Peruvian Forms, James L. Patton, Alfred L. Gardner

Occasional Papers of the Museum of Natural Science, Louisiana State University

No abstract provided.

New Species Of Philander (Marsupialia: Didelphidae) And Mimon (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) From Peru, Alfred L. Gardner, James L. Patton

Occasional Papers of the Museum of Natural Science, Louisiana State University

No abstract provided.

Special Report On Hunting

Special Reports

The Humane Society contends that the use of amateur hunters to reduce an overabundant deer herd does not conform with the principles of sound wildlife management. The Humane Society is strongly opposed to any method of culling herds of deer that does not deliver an instant and reasonably merciful death.

Special Report On Zoos

Special Reports

In many ways, The Humane Society has become the Ralph Nader of the zoo world, spurring into action the individuals or municipalities who own zoos, the staffs who operate them, the taxpayers who are in the end responsible for their existence, and the federal officials who are now required to ensure that they meet certain standards.

Variation And Ecology In A Local Population Of The Vesper Mouse (Nyctomys Sumichrasti), Hugh H. Genoways, J. Knox Jones Jr.

University of Nebraska State Museum: Mammalogy Papers

Vesper mice of the genus Nyctomys are relatively rare, arboreal rodents restricted to Middle America (eastern Panama to southern Mexico). Little is known concerning the biology of these secretive animals. Studies of variation of the one species, Nyctomys sumichrasti, have been limited to descriptions of new taxa (for example, see Goldman, 1916, 1937, and Laurie, 1953) and ecological observations have been confined to faunal accounts of political units (Goodwin, 1934; Hall and Dalquest, 1963) or were made coincidental to studies of other species (Lawlor, 1969; Fleming, 1970). Birkenholz and Wirtz (1965) recorded observations on the behavior, reproduction, and early …

A New Species Of Sturnira (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) From Peru, Alfred L. Gardner, John P. O'Neill

Occasional Papers of the Museum of Natural Science, Louisiana State University

No abstract provided.

Systemics Of The Neotropical Populations Of Thamnophis Marcianus (Serpentes: Colubridae), Douglas A. Rossman

Occasional Papers of the Museum of Natural Science, Louisiana State University

No abstract provided.

A New Species Of Diploglossus (Sauria: Anguidae) From Hispaniola, Richard Thomas

Occasional Papers of the Museum of Natural Science, Louisiana State University

No abstract provided.

Evaporative Water Loss In Two Northwest Snakes: Pituophis Catenifer And Crotalus Viridis, Donald R. Woolery

All Master's Theses

A study by Gans, Krakauer and Paganelli (1968) dealt with twenty-six species of snakes representing five families. They found that the "rate of water loss was proportional to surface area" and that water loss correlates with the aridity of the selected habitat. No comparative information resulting from the direct separation of the pulmonary and cutaneous avenues of water loss is currently available. Also, no direct comparisons of this separation in sympatric species are available. These comparisons are the basis for this study.