Zoology Commons^™

The Effects Of 2,4-D And 4-Cpa On The Duration Of Development And The Number Of Adults In F_1, F_2 And F_3 Generations Of Drosophila Melanogaster, Bülent Kaya, Ati̇la Yanikoğlu

Turkish Journal of Zoology

In this study, effects of two hericides on pupa formation period, pupa period and number of adults in F_1, F_2 and F_3 generations of Drosophila melnogaster were investigated. 300 ppm concentraiton of 2-4-D applied on parent stock and F_1 generation has lengtened the pupa formation period and pupa period of D. melanogaster in F_1 generation, while it reduced the number of adults another effective concentration was 100 ppm which has shortened the pupa period in F_3 generation. The highest concentration (100 ppm) of 4-CPA applied on parent stock and F_1 generation has lengtened the pupa formation period in F_1 generation. …

Dermal Efficacy Of Bendiocarb On Mammals, Used For Mosquito Control In Çukurova, Ayfer Pazarbaşi, Mülki̇ye Kasap, Hali̇l Kasap

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Inhibitory effect of bendiocarb on serum and whole blood cholinesterase activities of rats was investigated in laboratory conditions, bendiocarb a carbamate insecticide, was applied dermally to the rats. The concentrations of insecticide (80% WP) were choosen in accordance with the spray dosages used for mosquito control and the LD_{50} dermal dosages for rats. In vitro inhibition of serum cholinesterase activity was determined by using technical bendiocarb in the same dermal dosages. Both in vitro and in vivo dermal studies showed that there is a negative correlation between bendiocarb (80% WP) concentrations and enzyme activities. Application of one dose of bendiocarb …

The Electron Microscopic Structures Of The Two Ciliated Species Living Endocommensally In The Digestive System Of Rana Ridibunda (Amphibia-Anura), Naci̇ye Gülkiz Şenler, Ni̇met Öktem

Turkish Journal of Zoology

In this study ultrastructures of Balantidium elongatum and B.duodeni obtained from the digestive system of Rana ridibunda have been examined. In addition to the kinetodesmal fibril and microtubular fibrils orijinating from each kinetosome, a vacuolar zone, microtubular bundles and other cytoplasmic structures have been described by electron microscopy.

Histological Investigation Of Gonad Development Of Chalcalburnus Tarichi (P., 1811), Güler Ünal, Osman Çeti̇nkaya, Mahmut Elp

Turkish Journal of Zoology

In this study, gonad development of Chalcalburnus tarichi, an anadromus, endemic fish species of the Lake Van and its inlets was histologically investigated. During oogenesis, six different development phases were histologically identified: chromatin-nucleolus, perinuclear, cortical alveolar, vitellogenic, ripening and ovulation phases. The diameters of oocytes were determined between 31 to 957 µm until the ovulation phase. According to the investigated sepcimens, vitellogenic phase started onward October and first ovulation was taken place in May-June 36 months and older females. It was found that some unspawned ova remained and formed atretic follicles in ovary after ovulation. Three different development phases were …

Changes In The Total And Free Amino Acid Composition In African Catfish ( Clarias Gariepinus Burchell, 1822) Larvae, Abdurrahman Polat

Turkish Journal of Zoology

In this study, changes in amino acid composition of egg, larvae and larvae tissue which was separated from yolk sac mass of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus Burchell, 1822) during yolk sac stage and starving larvae were investigated. In the yolk sac period, there was no change of each amino acid amounts (g/100 g dry matter) in larvae tissue in spite of conspicuous changes were determined in whole larvae amino acid amounts such as leucine, isoleucine, valine, alanine and serine. It was evaluated that these amino acids were used preferentially by larvae. A/E reference was calculated for larval feed formulation. A …

A Study On The Activities Of Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase And 6-Phosphogluconate Dehydrogenase Enzymes In Some Spalax Populations, H. Ramazan Yilmaz, Eşref Yüksel

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The purpose in planing this investigation was to contribute to the speciation problems in genus Spalax. For this, we examined the activities of Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) and 6-Phosphogluconate Dehydrogenase (6-PGD) enzymes from the liver of Spalax samples taken from both sides of river Euphrates. The samples belonging to genus Spalax were separated into two populationsin the research area. The spesific activities of G-6-PD and 6-PGD enzymes were measured at 0.01 level of significance. The results were given in a table. The observed differences between the mean specific activities of te enzymes of the two populatons were discussed.

Microbial Colonization Of The Cloacae Of Nestling Tree Swallows, Tamara K. Mills, Michael P. Lombardo, Patrick A. Thorpe

Peer Reviewed Publications

Microbes have the potential to be important selective forces in many aspects of avian biology. Microbes can affect fitness as a result of either their pathogenic or beneficial effects on host health. Little is known about the chronology of microbial colonization of nestlings or the effects of microbes on fledgling condition. We set out to (1) characterize the time course of microbial colonization of the cloacae of nestling Tree Swallows (Tachycineta bicolor), (2) examine the relationship between cloacal microbes and fledgling condition, and (3) determine if nest mates had similar assemblages of cloacal microbes. We repeatedly measured nestlings …

Population Dynamics Of The Southern Brown Bandicoot (Isoodon Obesulus) On Ellen Brook Reserve, Craig Pentland

Theses : Honours

The small, enclosed section of Ellen Brook Reserve provided the unique opportunity to observe a population of southern-brown bandicoots (lsoodon obesulus) in the absence of exotic predators. The reserves small-enclosed size enabled it possible to trap the whole area (excluding the ephemeral swamps) and so emigration and immigration could be excluded. This enabled good population size estimates, and inferences on the loss of individuals due to mortality could be more strongly argued for. An understanding of the population structure, dynamics, size and density, and body condition of I. obesulus in Ellen Brook Reserve, will provide important information, for …

Survey Of Medium And Large Mammals In An Urban Park (Murray Park), Little Rock, Pulaski County, Arkansas, Josie H. Dickins, David W. Clark, Steffany C. White, Gary A. Heidt

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Because of increased environmental awareness by city planning commissions, there are more urban parks and greenbelt areas. These areas often result in increased human and wildlife contacts, thus resulting in the need for management plans regarding urban wildlife. From September 1998 to March 1999, we conducted mammal surveys of the urban greenspace Murray Park, Little Rock, Pulaski County, Arkansas. Surveys were conducted using five methods: direct observations; spot lighting; live trapping; animal sign; and scent posts. Species recorded included, opossum (Didelphis virginiana), nine-banded armadillo (Dasypus novemcinctus), fox squirrel (Sciurus niger), gray squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis), beaver (Castor canadensis), woodchuck (Marmota monax), …

Effects Of Predation On Two Species Of Stream-Dwelling Crayfish (Orconectes Marchandi And Cambarus Hubbsi) In Pool And Riffle Microhabitats, Heidi Dukat, Daniel D. Magoulick

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Community structure may be governed by many abiotic and biotic factors. Of the biotic factors, predation is often considered to be critical in structuring freshwater stream communities. In the Warm Fork of the Spring River, the crayfish Cambarus hubbsi is found mainly in riffles, whereas the crayfish Orconectes marchandi is found in high numbers in pools. We hypothesized that predation, mainly by fish, is a factor causing this segregation. Higher predation rates for C. hubbsi than 0. marchandi in the pools and higher predation rates for 0. marchandi than C. hubbsi in the riffles were expected. A transplant tethering experiment …

Survey Of Diseases In Wild Turkeys In Arkansas, Wayne E. Thogmartin, James E. Johnson, Bradley A. Schaeffer, Camille C. Ciriano

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Nineteen dead wild turkeys were necropsied and 573 live wild turkeys were physically examined for pathological agents in Arkansas between 1992 and 1997 to determine the proximate role disease may play in declining wild populations in Arkansas. Necropsy of the dead wild turkeys identified avian pox and histomoniasis as the most common diseases (16% and 11% of necropsies, respectively). Avian pox was recorded from three major physiographic regions in the state (Ozark Highlands, Ouachita Mountains, Gulf Coastal Plain). One hen died of non-accidental crop impaction, the fifth occurrence observed in the southeastern United States. Another hen died after developing severe, …

Post-Metomorphic Growth And Reproduction In The Eastern Narrowmouth Toad (Gastrophryne Carolinensis) From Northeastern Arkansas, Stanley E. Trauth, Walter E. Meshaka Jr., Robert L. Cox Jr.

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Post-metamorphic growth and the reproductive cycle of the eastern narrowmouth toad (Gastrophryne carolinensis) were studied from 204 individuals collected during the April August 1989 activity season in a two-county area of northeastern Arkansas near the northwestern edge of the species' geographic range. Late summer metamorphs require a full growing season before they can reproduce as they approach their second year of life. The oldest individuals may be at least five years old. By late April, gonadal cycles of adults had commenced; the males were producing sperm, and some of the females were gravid. Fertility of both sexes increased during the …

Recent Documentation Of Mountain Lion (Puma Concolor) In Arkansas, Theo Witsell, Gary A. Heidt, Parker L. Dozhier, Tom Frothingham, Mark Lynn

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Myofibrillar Protein Composition Of Regenerating And Pristine Claw Closer Muscles Of The Yabby, Cherax Albidis, Lanelle Cutler

Theses : Honours

Yabbies have the ability to regenerate lost limbs. Loss of a limb results in the growth of a limb bud. Development of this new limb involves many developing stages until the new limb becomes morphologically and physiologically virtually indistinguishable from its predecessor. In the yabby, the claw becomes functional after the first moult when the dactyl becomes moveable. However, the muscle fibres are able to develop force and appear to be functioning before the dactyl becomes moveable and the claw is operational (West et al., 1995). This study aimed to document morphological stages of claw regeneration and determine sequence and …

Effects Of Gut Sediment Contents On Heavy Metal Levels In The Amphipod Corophium Volutator(Pallas), Levent Bat, Dave Raffaelli̇

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Concentrations of copper, zinc and cadmium were determined in Corophium volutator (with and without gut contents) exposed for 4 and 10 days to contaminated sediment. Significant differences were observed in metal concentrations among individuals, where gut contents were removed and those there they were left intact. On the other hand, the concentrations of these metals in Corophium were always high when no time was given for amphipods to depurate their guts. Therefore, it is recommended that either depuration in seawater or removal of the gut should be carried out before analysing amphipods for metal levels.

Experimental Infections Of Muskoxen (Ovibos Moschatus) And Domestic Sheep With Umingmakstrongylus Pallikuukensis (Nematoda: Protostrongylidae): Parasite Development, Population Structure, And Pathology, Susan J. Kutz, Eric P. Hoberg, Lydden Polley

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Three captive muskoxen (Ovibos moschatus) were successfully infected with third-stage larvae of Umingmakstrongylus pallikuukensis digested or emerged from the slugs Deroceras reticulatum and D. laeve, for the first time completing the life cycle of this parasite under experimental conditions. The course of parasite development and patency was followed for 26 months post infection (p.i.) using fecal examinations and radiography. The prepatent periods in two of the muskoxen were 91 and 95 days and the patent period in one extended for 23 months. Larval production peaked 13–14 months p.i. On postmortem of two of the muskoxen at months …

The Chondrocranium Of The Mexican Burrowing Toad, Rhinophrynus Dorsalis, Charles C. Swart, Rafael O. De Sá

Biology Faculty Publications

The chondrocranium of Rhinophrynus dorsalis is described and illustrated. Autapomorphies of R. dorsalis are the presence of the symplectic cartilage and a cartilaginous process on the ascending process of the palatoquadrate. Synapomorphies of Rhinophrynus shared with the Pipidae are: (1) early formation of the lower jaw and (2) presence of a suprarostral plate. Alternative developmental pathways for the formation of the suprarostral plate are considered. Histological data indicates that the suprarostral plate forms from: (1) the early fusion of the cornua trabeculae with the suprarostral cartilages, (2) an anterior growth of the ethmold plate, and (3) subsequent fusion …

Unidad De Los Anfibios Modernos Como Grupo Natural, Rafael O. De Sá

Biology Faculty Publications

RESUMEN

La monofilia de la infraclase Lissamphibia ha sido cuestionada. Algunos autores sugieren un origen independiente del Orden Gymnophiona basados en la condición compacta (= estegocrotafía) del cráneo de la cecilias. La presente revisión indica la irrelevancia del estegocrotafismo para establecer las relaciones filogenéticas del grupo. Los datos disponibles sugieren: 1) el estegocrotafismo es secundariamente derivado en cecilias, y 2) Lissamphibia representa un grupo monofilético.

SUMMARY

Unity of modern Amphibians as a natural group

The monophyly of Lissamphibia has been previously questioned. Some authors suggested an independent origin of Gymnophiona based on the solid condition (= stegokrotaphy) of the caecilian …

Fauna Of The Subfamily Ichneumoninae (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) Of Azerbaijan With New Records, Azer Abulfaz Oghlu Aliyev

Turkish Journal of Zoology

This paper presents information about 103 species of the subfamily ichneumoninae. 10 species of them were included in the Azerbaijan fauna, 25 in the Caucasian fauna and 65 in the Transcaucasian fauna for the first time. They belong to 6 tribes and 36 genera. Their distribution, hosts and biotopes were noted.

The Taxonomy And Ecology Of Mauremys Caspica Rivulatavalenciennes, 1833 (Testudinata: Bataguridae) And Testudo Graeca Ibera Pallas, 1811 (Testudinata: Testudinidae) On Resadiye (Datça) Peninsula, Cemal Varol Tok

Turkish Journal of Zoology

In this survey, the tortoise and turtle fauna of Resadiye (Datça) Peninsula, which has not previously been studied in detail, is given. Mauremys caspica rivulata and Testudo graeca ibera specimens were collected as museum material or released after their measurements were taken, from four and nine localities respectively, establishing the status of the peninsula's testudine fauna. A total of 30 adult and eight juvenile specimens were studied morphologically. Observations on the ecological and biological characteristics of the testudines are also given.

Characterization And Structure-Function Studies Of Human Liver Flavin Monooxygenase Isozyme 3 (Fmo3), Orhan Adali, Richard M. Philpot

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The activity of the flaving-containing monooxygenase (FMO EC 1.14.13.8) can be modulated by a number of nitrogen-containing compounds in a manner that is both isoform and effector-dependent. We showed that the direction (activation or inbihiton) and extent of modulation can also be dependent on substrate concentration. The native human liver FMO3 and arg 433 mutant FMO3 catalyze the methimazole reaction with similar Km values. However, the mutant FMO3-catalyzed reaction was affected differently by high concentration of imipramine, imipramine causing inhibition of activity. Our results suggest that the response of FMO3 to imipramine involves a distribution of compounds between two sites …

Some Biological Aspects Of Penaeid Shrimps Inhabiting Yumurtalık Bight In İskenderun Bay (North-Eastern Mediterranean), Meti̇n Kumlu, Dursun Avşar, O. Tufan Eroldoğan, Nuri̇ Başusta

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The species composition, size frequency distribution and length/weight relationships for each sex, size at first sexual maturity, and spawning seasons of the commercially important shrimp species inhabiting Yumurtalik Bight of the Nort-eastern Mediterranean were studied. Two penaeid shrimp species, Penaeus semisulcatus and Metapenaeus stebbingi, dominated the catches. Only a few individuals of Metapenaeus monoceros were captured during the study. The minimum size at first maturity was estimated to be 130 mm total length (TL) for P. semisulcatus and 55-60 mm TL for M. stebbingi. The size at which 50% of the population is mature is 36 mm carapace length (CL) …

Gonadal Maturation And Spawning Of Penaeus Semisulcatus(Penaeidae: Decapoda), Mevlüt Aktaş, Meti̇n Kumlu

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The effects of eyestalk ablation on maturation, moulting and spawning in Penaeus semisulcatus were investigated in this study. Twelve males and 12 eyestalk-ablated and 12 non-ablated, all individually marked females were stocked into a 12-ton maturation tank. All the ablated females moulted in 9.08±1.68 days and first spawning occurred 16.75±3.41 days following eyestalk ablation. While all the ablated females spawned, producing an average of 177.000 ±133.340 eggs, only three non-ablated females spawned, producing average of 23.216±16.957 eggs during a period of 45 days (P0.05). Average nauplii production per female was 81.574±55.126 for ablated and 13.397±11.535 for non-ablated ones (P

Two New Sex Determining Factors ( M V , F D ) In Housefly, (Musca Domestica) Populations In Turkey, Şükran Çakir

Turkish Journal of Zoology

In most strains of the common housefly, Musca domestica, sex is genetically determined by the presence or absence of a Y chromosome with a dominant male determining factor, M. Standard trains have an XX-XY mechanism. In certain laboratory and natural populations, however, neither females nor males have the Y chromosome. These non-standard populations have autosomal mechanisms for sex determination. In the present study, the existence of two new autosomal sex determining factors, M V and F D , in housefly populations in Turkey was determined.

Competition Between Strains With Autosomal And Standardsex-Determining Mechanisms In The Housefly (Muscidae), Şükran Çakir, Aykut Kence

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Experimental cages started with a mixture of flies at three different ratios (1:9, 5:5, 9:1) from populations having heterosomal and autosomal sex-determining mechanisms were cytogenetically examined over six generations at two different temperatures (25 °C and 35 °C). In general, there was an increase in the frequency of XX males in all competitive population cages. Abnormal testes and intersex appearance, frequent X chromosome aneuploidies and deviation from a 1:1 sex ratio were observed.

The Efficiency Of The Swedish Trappy In Catching Freshwater Crayfish Pacifastacus Leniusculus And Astacus Leptodactylus, Muzaffer Mustafa Harlioğlu

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The efficiency of the Swedish trappy in catching Pacifastacus leniusculus and Astacus leptodactylus was studied. The results showed that the Swedish trappy was very effective at catching both P. leniusculus and A. leptodactylus.In the concrete tank study, 71.6% of the total crayfish in the A. leptodactylus tanks and 60% of the total crayfish in the P. leniusculus tanks had been caught with baited traps at the end of the experiment. On the other hand, it was found that there was considerable movement of crayfish in and out of the traps, and consequently a decline in the number of crayfish in …

Determination Of The Growth Parameters Of The Anadara Cornear. 1844 Population By The Bhattacharya Method In The Eastern Black Sea, Cemaletti̇n Şahi̇n, Ertuğ Düzgüneş, Cengi̇z Mutlu, Mehmet Aydin, Hacer Emi̇ral

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Anadara corneais going to be one of the target species of the dredging fishery along the continental shelf of the Turkish Black Sea coast. Although it has not been exploited yet, studies on the distribution, growth and meat quality have been carried out. In this study, growth parameters were estimated after determining the cohorts by the "Bhattacharya" method. Four year classes were distinguished and using the corresponding lengths of these, von Bertalanffy growth parameters and the length - weight relationship were found to be L ° =75.24 mm, K= 0.370 and t o = -0.103 and W= 0.0015L 2.619 , …

The Effect Of The Ecology Of Toads On The Distribution Of Helminths, Emilia V. Vashetko, Bakhodir H. Siddikov

Turkish Journal of Zoology

This paper presents the results of studies on the helminth fauna of the green toad, Bufo viridis, in Uzbekistan. Twently helminth species were identified. The highest diversity of helminths was recorded in toads in the newly-built districts of Tashkent (1966-76). The helminth fauna of the toads inhabiting foothills was less common.

Recent Northern Records Of The Nine-Banded Armadillo (Dasypodidae) In Nebraska, Patricia W. Freeman, Hugh H. Genoways

University of Nebraska State Museum: Mammalogy Papers

Examination of the distribution of nine-banded armadillo in Nebraska reveals that these animals may be entering the state from two directions. The animals in Chase, Dundy, and Furnas counties appear to be closely associated with the Republican River and its tributaries and probably reached the state along these riparian habitats from northwestern Kansas and northeastern Colorado. Records in the central and eastern part of Nebraska are not closely tied to one river system. For the specimen from Ord to have followed watercourses, it would have needed to follow the Big or Little Blue rivers, crossed to the Platte River, and …

Index [For Volume 66]

Nebraska Bird Review

Alexander, G. 26

Alexander, I. 26

Allen, A. A. 68

Allen, B. 27, 60, 61, 110

Alt, J. 8

Amiotte, S. 27

Armstrong, M. 60

Aversa, T. 158

Avocet, American 39, 90, 128