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2016

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Articles 61 - 76 of 76

Full-Text Articles in Dairy Science

Inactivation Of Thermodynamic Sporeformers And Spores In Skim Milk By Continuous Ultrasonication And Hydrodynamic Cavitation In Combination With Thermal Treatments, Dikshi Bawa Jan 2016

Inactivation Of Thermodynamic Sporeformers And Spores In Skim Milk By Continuous Ultrasonication And Hydrodynamic Cavitation In Combination With Thermal Treatments, Dikshi Bawa

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Studies were conducted to determine the effectiveness of ultrasonication and hydrodynamic cavitation, in a continuous mode, alone and in combination with thermal treatments, on heat resistant aerobic sporeformers and spores in skim milk, and skim milk concentrate. The first study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of a continuous ultrasonication process to reduce thermoduric Bacillus coagulans cells in skim milk. A 25% reduction was obtained by lab pasteurization alone, whereas ultrasonication alone resulted in an inactivation of 92% after 12 passes (80 sec exposure time per pass). Ultrasonication when combined with pasteurization resulted in further increased inactivation to 99.98%. It …


Impact Of New Processing Technologies On The Physical And Functional Properties Of Skim Milk And Skim Milk Concentrate, Harsh Dahiya Jan 2016

Impact Of New Processing Technologies On The Physical And Functional Properties Of Skim Milk And Skim Milk Concentrate, Harsh Dahiya

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

United States is one of the largest producer of cow’s milk in the world and a substantial portion of this milk is converted into dried milk products, a category that is becoming increasingly important to the dairy industry. The processing treatments on skim milk and skim milk concentrate affect the functionality of resultant powders made from them, therefore processing treatments are crucial to modify physical and functional properties of skim milk, skim milk concentrates and the powders made from them. The objective of this research was to explore impact of new processing technologies hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) and carbon dioxide (CO2) …


An Evaluation Of Feeding A Blend Of Essential Oils And Cobalt Lactate To Lactating Dairy Cows, Olivia Jayne Kuester Jan 2016

An Evaluation Of Feeding A Blend Of Essential Oils And Cobalt Lactate To Lactating Dairy Cows, Olivia Jayne Kuester

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The objective of this study was to determine if the inclusion of a blend of essential oils and cobalt lactate (EOC) in the diet of lactating dairy cows could result in improved nutrient utilization and lactational performance in addition to assessing the application of EOC to control feed mycotoxins and spoilage. The trial was conducted in two experimental periods (Phase 1 (P1) and Phase 2 (P2)) on a commercial dairy in southwest Minnesota equipped with two robotic milking units. Phases 1 and 2 were cross over design trials with two pens. Cows were housed in two freestall pens (57 ± …


Evaluation Of Weather Information From On-Farm And Meteorological Stations To Assess Heat Stress In Dairy Cows In Southwest Kansas, A. Scanavez, L. Rocha, B. E. Voelz, L. Hulbert, L. Mendonca Jan 2016

Evaluation Of Weather Information From On-Farm And Meteorological Stations To Assess Heat Stress In Dairy Cows In Southwest Kansas, A. Scanavez, L. Rocha, B. E. Voelz, L. Hulbert, L. Mendonca

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Heat stress represents a challenge for the dairy industry. In order for producers to implement appropriate management practices, it is crucial for researchers to assess the extent of heat stress to which cows are exposed during the summer. Temperaturehumidity index (THI) may be used to determine the severity of heat stress that cows are exposed to during the summer. The objective of this study was to evaluate climate conditions by calculating THI using information from: 1) an official meteorological station, 2) loggers at the pen-level, and 3) loggers at the cow-level from a commercial dairy located in southwest Kansas. Temperature-humidity …


Acknowledgments, Dairy Research 2016, B. Bradford Jan 2016

Acknowledgments, Dairy Research 2016, B. Bradford

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Appreciation is expressed to the following organizations for their support of dairy teaching, research, and extension at Kansas State University during 2015-2016.


Foreword, Dairy Research 2016, B. Bradford Jan 2016

Foreword, Dairy Research 2016, B. Bradford

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Kansas State University is pleased to present the 2016 Dairy Research Report of Progress.


Effectiveness Of Two Ruminally Protected Methionine Sources For Lactating Dairy Cows, M. Ardalan, F. Vargas-Rodriguez, G. I. Zanton, M. Vázquez-Añón, E. Titgemeyer, B. Bradford Jan 2016

Effectiveness Of Two Ruminally Protected Methionine Sources For Lactating Dairy Cows, M. Ardalan, F. Vargas-Rodriguez, G. I. Zanton, M. Vázquez-Añón, E. Titgemeyer, B. Bradford

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two sources of ruminally protected methionine were tested for their ability to provide available methionine to lactating dairy cattle. Based on milk protein yield and milk protein percent, NTP-1401 (an unreleased product from Novus International, Inc., St. Charles, MO) and Smartamine (Adisseo, αretta, GA) provided similar amounts of available methionine to the cows. These two products led to different methioninerelated compounds appearing in blood plasma, suggesting that they contained different methionine precursors.


Bioavailability Of Ruminally Or Abomasally Infused L-Carnitine In Holstein Heifers, K. Olagaray, C. Armendariz, A. Bellamine, S. Jacobs, E. Titgemeyer, B. Bradford Jan 2016

Bioavailability Of Ruminally Or Abomasally Infused L-Carnitine In Holstein Heifers, K. Olagaray, C. Armendariz, A. Bellamine, S. Jacobs, E. Titgemeyer, B. Bradford

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

This study evaluated the relative bioavailability of carnitine delivered by different methods in dairy cattle. Four Holstein heifers were used in a split-plot design to compare ruminally or abomasally infused L-carnitine. The study included 2 main-plot periods, with infusion routes allocated in a crossover design. Within main-plot periods, each of 3 subplot periods consisted of 4-d infusions separated with 4-d rest periods. Subplot treatments were infusion of 1, 3, and 6 g L-carnitine daily. Doses were increased within a period to minimize carryover. Treatments were delivered in two 10-h infusions daily. Blood was collected before the start of infusions and …


Additional Small Dose Of Prostaglandin F2Α At The Time Of Ai Fails To Improve Pregnancy Rates Of Lactating Dairy Cows, J. Stevenson, J. A. Sauls, L. Mendonca Jan 2016

Additional Small Dose Of Prostaglandin F2Α At The Time Of Ai Fails To Improve Pregnancy Rates Of Lactating Dairy Cows, J. Stevenson, J. A. Sauls, L. Mendonca

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

In two experiments we tested the hypothesis that administering 10 mg of prostaglandin F(PGF) to lactating dairy cows concurrent with timed artificial insemination would increase pregnancy outcome. In three herds with 2,135 inseminations, we failed to demonstrate a positive effect on pregnancy per AI. Although a trend was observed in experiment 1, with more cows in experiment 2, the PGF treatment failed to improve pregnancy outcomes.


Bioavailability Of Rumen-Protected Carnitine In Lactating Dairy Cows, K. Olagaray, J. Shaffer, C. Armendariz, A. Bellamine, S. Jacobs, E. Titgemeyer, B. Bradford Jan 2016

Bioavailability Of Rumen-Protected Carnitine In Lactating Dairy Cows, K. Olagaray, J. Shaffer, C. Armendariz, A. Bellamine, S. Jacobs, E. Titgemeyer, B. Bradford

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

For this study, 56 lactating Holstein cows (143 ± 72 days in milk) were used in a randomized complete block design to evaluate 2 rumen-protected products compared to crystalline carnitine. Treatments were a) control, b) 3 grams/day crystalline L-carnitine (raw), c) 6 grams/day raw, d) 5 grams/day 40COAT (40% coating, 60% L-carnitine), e) 10 grams/day 40COAT, f) 7.5 grams/day 60COAT (60% coating, 40% L-carnitine), and g) 15 grams/day 60COAT. Treatments were top-dressed to diets twice daily. The 14-day experiment included a 6-day baseline-measurement period with the final 2 days used for data and sample collection and an 8-day treatment period …


Incorporating Machine Vision In Precision Dairy Farming Technologies, Anthony N. Shelley Jan 2016

Incorporating Machine Vision In Precision Dairy Farming Technologies, Anthony N. Shelley

Theses and Dissertations--Electrical and Computer Engineering

The inclusion of precision dairy farming technologies in dairy operations is an area of increasing research and industry direction. Machine vision based systems are suitable for the dairy environment as they do not inhibit workflow, are capable of continuous operation, and can be fully automated. The research of this dissertation developed and tested 3 machine vision based precision dairy farming technologies tailored to the latest generation of RGB+D cameras. The first system focused on testing various imaging approaches for the potential use of machine vision for automated dairy cow feed intake monitoring. The second system focused on monitoring the gradual …


Assessing Training Methods To Educate Dairy Workers, L. Mendonca, B. E. Voelz, A. Scanavez Jan 2016

Assessing Training Methods To Educate Dairy Workers, L. Mendonca, B. E. Voelz, A. Scanavez

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Training employees is fundamental for dairy producers to achieve efficiency in order to increase profitability. Training videos offered online are becoming more common and recommended to train employees. The goals of this survey were to evaluate the comfort level of dairy employees in using computers and tablets, and preferred training delivery methods. A total of 71 employees from 6 dairies were interviewed. Interviews were conducted in the preferred language of the interviewee – English or Spanish. Of the respondents, 52 and 65.6% of employees consider computers and tablets easy to use, respectively. More than half of the employees reported that …


Increasing Estrus Expression In Lactating Dairy Cows, J. A. Sauls, B. E. Voelz, J. Stevenson Jan 2016

Increasing Estrus Expression In Lactating Dairy Cows, J. A. Sauls, B. E. Voelz, J. Stevenson

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

This report summarizes the use of various hormones in an attempt to induce greater estrus expression of lactating dairy cows. Average detection of estrus (<50%) in most U.S. dairy herds has been identified as a problem limiting reproductive efficiency. Detection of estrus plays an important role in reproductive management in U.S. dairy herds despite the adoption of fixed-time artificial insemination programs. When estrus was detected by an activity monitoring system or a rump-mounted device, supplementing cows with progesterone before induction of luteolysis resulted in greater intensity of estrus when compared with controls. In addition, administering estradiol cypionate at 24 h after induced luteolysis resulted in greater frequency of estrus expression compared with cows treated with testosterone propionate or controls when assessed by an activity monitor. Activity monitoring systems achieved heat-detection rates of approximately 70% (80% with estradiol) and are likely cost effective for herds achieving less than that level of heat detection.


Benchmarking Reproductive Efficiency And Transition Cow Health Of Kansas Dairy Herds, A. Scanavez, B. E. Voelz, L. Mendonca Jan 2016

Benchmarking Reproductive Efficiency And Transition Cow Health Of Kansas Dairy Herds, A. Scanavez, B. E. Voelz, L. Mendonca

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Comparing key performance indicators across dairy farms may provide insightful information to dairy producers. Differences in management philosophies, facilities, and locations of dairy farms may influence overall performance of dairy operations. An ongoing extension program aims to benchmark reproductive performance and transition cow health of dairy farms located in Kansas and adjacent states. In this report, we compiled data from 2013 to 2015 of herds enrolled in the program and divided the data in warm and cool seasons to evaluate the impact of heat stress on key performance indicators. Annual pregnancy risk and warm to cool ratio of pregnancy risk …


Development Of A Berry Processing Score For Sorghum Silage, J. R. Johnson, J. P. Goeser, Michael Brouk Jan 2016

Development Of A Berry Processing Score For Sorghum Silage, J. R. Johnson, J. P. Goeser, Michael Brouk

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

This study was done in an effort to develop a berry processing score (BPS) for sorghum silage, similar to the kernel processing score (KPS) currently used for corn silage. Sorghum silage samples were collected from 3 dairies in Kansas and processed in the Grain Science & Industry grain processing laboratory at Kansas State University using one of four different roll gap settings to give four differently processed samples: unprocessed, 1.5, 1.0, or 0.5 mm. After drying, samples were placed into a Ro-Tap particle separation machine for 10 minutes until the whole sample was separated. Whole samples, as well as separated …


Effects Of Dietary Zinc Source And Level On Mammary Epithelia And Dairy Food Chemistry, J. Shaffer, K. Pandalaneni, L. Mamedova, J. Defrain, J. Amamcharla, B. Bradford Jan 2016

Effects Of Dietary Zinc Source And Level On Mammary Epithelia And Dairy Food Chemistry, J. Shaffer, K. Pandalaneni, L. Mamedova, J. Defrain, J. Amamcharla, B. Bradford

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Twelve lactating Holstein cows (132 ± 21 days in milk) were enrolled in a Latin square experiment to explore the extent to which source and amount of supplemental dietary Zn can impact barrier function of mammary epithelial tissue. Cows received either 970 mg supplemental Zn/day as ZnSO4(LS), 1,640 mg supplemental Zn/day as ZnSO4(HS), or 1,680 mg supplemental Zn/day as a mixture of ZnSO4and Zn methionine complex (HC). Treatments lasted for 17 days followed by 4 days of sample collection. Blood and milk were collected and analyzed for markers of blood-milk leak including plasma lactose …