Animal Sciences Commons^™

Comparison Of Revalor Xs To A Revalor Is / Revalor S Implant Strategy In Finishing Steers, Cody A. Nichols, Galen E. Erickson, Judson Vasconcelos, Marshall N. Streeter, Bill D. Dicke, D.J. Jordon, Robert J. Cooper, Tony L. Scott, Terry J. Klopfenstein

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

A commercial feedlot study compared effects of Revalor IS/Revalor S (RevIS-S) implant strategy to a Revalor XS (RevX) single implant strategy on performance and carcass characteristics of feedlot cattle. There were no differences (P > 0.90) in DMI, final BW, ADG, or F:G. Hot carcass weight, marbling score, 12th rib fat, LM area and calculated yield grade also were unaffected (P > 0.10) by implant strategy. The RevX treatment resulted in a greater (P < 0.01) percentage of Choice carcasses than RevIS-S. Cattle receiving Revalor XS performed similar to cattle implanted with RevIS-S using a traditional reimplant program.

Evaluation Of A New Single Implant Strategy Vs. Two Common Implant Strategies In Beef Finishing Steers, Cody A. Nichols, Judson Vasconcelos, Galen E. Erickson, Stephanie A. Furman, Justin J. Sindt, Terry J. Klopfenstein

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

A finishing trial was conducted to compare the response to three implant strategies on performance and carcasscharacteristics of feedlot steers: 1) ComponentTE-IS with Tylan followed with Component TE-S with Tylan (TE-IS/S); 2) Component TE-200 with Tylan (TE-200); or 3) Revalor XS (Rev-XS) single implant. Final BW, DMI and ADG were unaffected (P > 0.05) by implant strategy. Steers on the TE-IS/ S treatment had a lower (P < 0.01) feed:gain ratio (F:G) compared to those on the Rev-XS and TE-200 treatments. F:G calculated on a live basis was improved (P < 0.05) for reimplantedcattle compared to those on the TE-200 treatment; F:G for the Rev-XSwas intermediate. No differences (P > 0.05) were observed for HCW, 12th rib fat, percentage USDA Choice and calculated USDA yield grade among treatments. Cattle implanted with Rev-XS had greater (P < 0.05) marbling scores than those implanted with TE-IS/S. Carcasses from TE-IS/S implanted steers presented larger (P = 0.03) longissimus muscle areas than both the TE-200 and Rev-XS treatment groups. These results suggest that F:G was improved with reimplanting.

Comparing The Energy Value Of Wet Distillers Grains To Dry Rolled Corn In High Forage Diets, Brandon L. Nuttelman, Matt K. Luebbe, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Joshua R. Benton, Galen E. Erickson

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Sixty crossbred steers were used to compare the energy value of wet distillers grains (WDGS) to dry rolled corn (DRC) in high forage diets at three levels. DRC was included at 22.0, 41.0, and 60.0% of the diet (DM), and WDGS was included at 15.0, 25.0, and 35.0% of the diet (DM). Diets were formulated to meet degradable intake protein and metabolizable protein requirements. Cattle consuming WDGS gained more than DRC cattle. Average daily gain increased with increasing levels of DRC and WDGS. The energy value of WDGS was calculated using the National Research Council model (1996). In this study, …

Steak-Quality Meat From The Beef Heel, Siroj Pokharel, Chris R. Calkins, Amilton S. De Mello Jr., Lasika S. Senaratne, Jeremy B. Hinkle

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

This study was conducted to measure the shear force of beef heel (m. gastrocnemius) and to characterize the uncooked m. gastrocnemius for pH, water holding capacity, composition, and color. Ten heels were cut into steaks (for grilling) from the proximal to the distal end. Twenty additional heels were separated into lateral and medial portions; half were oven roasted and half were grilled as roasts. The proximal end steak was always less tender than the distal end steak. There were no differences in shear force between lateral and medial sides for any cooking treatment. The lateral side of heel has many …

Vaccination To Reduce The Prevalence Of Escherichia Coli O157:H7 In Feedlot Cattle Fed Wet Distillers Grains Plus Solubles, Amy R. Rich, Ashlynn N. Jepson, Matt K. Luebbe, Galen E. Erickson, Terry J. Klopfenstein, David R. Smith, Rodney A. Moxley

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

A clinical trial in summer of 2008 evaluated effects of feeding 0 (CONTROL) or 40% wet distillers grains plus solubles (WDGS) with and without vaccination against E. coli O157:H7 on the probability of shedding E. coli O157:H7 in the feces. No interaction (P = 0.97) was observed between vaccination and diet for E. coli O157:H7 shedding. Steers fed WDGS were 2.1 times more likely (P < 0.01) to shed E. coli O157:H7 than cattle fed CONTROL. Vaccination resulted in cattle that were 43% less likely (P < 0.01) to test positive for E. coli O157:H7 than the unvaccinated cattle.

Supplementing Modified Wet Distillers Grains With Solubles To Long Yearling Steers Grazing Native Range, Kelsey Rolfe, Matt K. Luebbe, William A. Griffin, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Galen E. Erickson, Dennis E. Bauer

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Modified wet distillers grains with solubles (MDGS) was supplemented on the ground to yearling steers with access to native range during summer grazing. Supplemented steers had greater ADG than non-supplemented steers and were heavier entering the feedlot. NRC energy equations determined that 1.0 lb supplementation of MDGS replaced 0.74 lb forage during summer grazing. Additionally, these data suggest response to MDGS may exceed response to dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) for gain during grazing, based on previous experiments.

Genetic And Phenotypic Parameter Estimates For Feed Intake And Other Traits In Growing Beef Cattle, Kelsey Rolfe, Merlyn K. Nielsen, Calvin L. Ferrell, Thomas G. Jenkins

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

The goal of this study was to estimate genetic and phenotypic parameters for growth, feed intake, feed efficiency, and temperament traits in a mixed-breed composite population of growing beef cattle. Intake and gain:feed (G:F) were moderately heritable; however, residual feed intake (RFI) was more heritable than other measures of feed efficiency. Adjusting RFI and G:F for carcass fatness had little effect on heritability and correlations with remaining traits. Flight speed was moderately heritable and highly repeatable. Flight speed was not highly correlated with measures of intake or feed efficiency. Some small breed effects were observed. High heritability estimates indicate that …

Plant And Animal Responses To Grazing Systems In The Nebraska Sandhills, Walter H. Schacht, Jerry D. Volesky, Mitchell B. Stephenson, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Don C. Adams

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Short duration grazing (SDG) and deferred rotation (DR) were compared in a 10-year study conducted on uplandnativepastures in the northern NebraskaSandhills. Herbage production of cool-season grasses and sedges was less on the SDG pastures, although total herbage production (including warm and cool season herbage) did not differ consistently between the two grazing systems. The decline in diet quality (CP and IVOMD) through the 5-month grazing season did not differ consistently between the two systems, and ADG of spayed heifers was similar. The lack of increased forage production and animal performance responses to SDG indicate that the higher input costs associated …

Wet Distillers Grains Diets Supplemented With Vitamin E Alter The Mineral Composition Of Beef M. Longissimus Lumborum And M. Psoas Major, Lasika S. Senaratne, Chris R. Calkins, Amilton S. De Mello Jr., Galen E. Erickson

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Crossbred yearlings (n = 90) were allotted to one of 10 diets containing 0, 20 or 40% wet distillers grains (WDG) with or without vitamin E supplementation and distillers solubles (DS). Strip loin and tenderloin steaks were obtained and tested for their mineral (Ca, P, K, Mg, Zn, Fe, Mn, Cu, S, and Na) compositions using atomic absorption spectroscopy. Cattle fed DS diets had higher (P ≤ 0.05) levels of Ca, Fe, P, Mn, and S in strip loins than cattle fed non-DS diets. Feeding DS significantly reduced Mg and Na in tenderloins. Neither WDG nor vitamin E diets significantly …

Intramuscular Tenderness Mapping And Muscle Fiber Directions Of Small Muscles In The Beef Round, Lasika S. Senaratne, Chris R. Calkins, Amilton S. De Mello Jr., Jeremy H. Hinkle, Siroj Pokharel

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

The intramuscular tenderness variation of m. pectineus (PT), m. sartorius (SR), m. gracilis (GL), m. vastus intermedius (VI), and m. vastus medialis (VM) was investigated. The PT, SR, VI, and VM muscles (n=10 each) were grilled as whole muscles, whereas the GL was grilled after cutting into anterior and posterior regions. Grilled muscles were cut into equal size sections perpendicular to the long axis from proximal to distal. Cores were prepared from each section and Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF) was measured. The overall mean WBSF values for PT, SR, VI, GL, and VM were 8.29, 9.79, 10.54, 10.47, and 9.35 …

Routine Hedging Of Corn Price For Calf-Fed And Yearling Production Systems, Rebecca M. Small, Darrell R. Mark, Terry J. Klopfenstein Klopfenstein

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Several corn hedging scenarios involving a combination of cash and futures market transactions were evaluated for calf-fed and yearling production systems. All yearling corn hedging scenarios assessed were effective in only slightly reducing profit risk, while the calf-fed corn hedging scenario actually increased profit risk. Calf-fed and yearling corn hedging scenarios generally generated positive average returns to hedging by lowering net corn prices. The yearling corn hedging scenarios initiated closer to feedlot placement were associated with greater average profits as compared to those hedges initiated when yearlings were initially purchased.

Determinants Of Profit Variability In Calf-Fed And Yearling Production Systems, Rebecca M. Small, Darrell R. Mark, Terry J. Klopfenstein Klopfenstein

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Factors that were determinants of profit variability in calf-fed and yearling beef production systems were identified and ranked. The analysis indicated cattle prices have the greatest influence on profit variation for both systems and on all backgrounding and finishing phases of the yearling system. Prices of feedstuffs (i.e., corn prices, wet corn gluten feed prices, and pasture and cornstalk rental rates) were the next most important factors explaining profit risk. Cattle performance variables and interest rates had the smallest impact on profit variation.

Evaluation Of Proternative Stress Formula And Proternative Continuous Fed Formula In A High Energy Feedlot Diet, Sarah J. Vanness, Matt K. Luebbe, Joshua R. Benton Benton, Galen E. Erickson, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Justin Sindt

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Cross-bred yearling steers were used in a feeding trial to compare the use of two different direct fed microbials (DFM), ProTernative CF (DFM-CF) and ProTernative SF (DFM-SF). The treatment design was a 2x2 factorial with a control (no DFM), DFM-CF, DFM-SF, and both (CF+SF). Diets consisted of 40% WCGF with high moisture corn with no feed additives other than the DFM treatments. No differences were observed in feedlot performance or carcass characteristics.

Relating Hydrogen Sulfide Levels To Polioencephalomalacia, Sarah J. Vanness, William A. Griffin, Virgil R. Bremer Bremer, Galen E. Erickson, Terry J. Klopfenstein

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Data from a finishing trial and a metabolism study were used to relate incidence of polioencephalomalacia (polio) with ruminal hydrogen sulfide gas concentration. The finishing trial included different inclusion levels of byproducts with differing alfalfa hay levels. Similar diets were used in the metabolism study. The feedlot trial had 12 cases of polio on a 75% byproduct diet with no alfalfa and no cases of polio when alfalfa was included at 7.5%. The metabolism study reported the highest concentration of H2S with the high byproduct diet with no grass hay, and lower concentrations when grass hay was included. These data …

The Economic Impact Of Feeding Wet Corn Co-Products In Nebraska, Josie A. Waterbury, Darrell R. Mark, Richard K. Perrin Perrin

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Isoquants that illustrate combinations of various inputs to produce a given level of output were estimated for wet corn co-products using UNL cattle feeding trial data and applied to actual producer data. Producer economic benefits from feeding wet co-products compared to corn were calculated. Although the combined producer savings from all three wet co-products totaled nearly $39 million, this value was not net of all cost differences between co-products and corn, including transportation, storage, and handling costs.

Supplementing Dried Distillers Grains To Growing Calves On Smooth Bromegrass Pastures, Andrea K. Watson, Matt K. Luebbe, Terry J. Klopfenstein Klopfenstein, Galen E. Erickson, Walter H. Schacht

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Steers supplemented daily with dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) on non-fertilized smooth bromegrass pastures gained 1.9 lb/day compared to 1.46 lb/day for cattle on both fertilized and non-fertilized pastures. The fertilized and supplemented treatments were stocked at equal densities, and the non-fertilized pastures were stocked at 69% the density of the other two treatments. At a lower stocking rate, the non-fertilized pastures showed poorer forage production, but equal cattle performance compared to the fertilized pastures. The supplemented pastures showed slightly decreased forage production compared to the fertilized pastures, but at the same time showed increased cattle performance. Each lb …

Statistics Used In The Nebraska Beef Report And Their Purpose

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

The purpose of beef cattle and beef product research at UNL is to provide reference information that represents the various populations (cows, calves, heifers, feeders, carcasses, retail products, etc.) of beef production. Obviously, researchers cannot apply treatments to every member of a population; therefore, they must sample the population. The use of statistics allows researchers and readers of the Nebraska Beef Report the opportunity to evaluate separation of random (chance) occurrences and real biological effects of a treatment. Following is a brief description of the major statistics used in the beef report. For a more detailed description of the expectations …

Wet Distillers Grains Diets Supplemented With Vitamin E Affect Sensory Attributes Of Beef M. Longissimus Lumborum, Lasika S. Senaratne, Chris R. Calkins, Amilton S. De Mello Jr., Galen E. Erickson

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

The effects of feeding 0% or 40% wet distillers grains plus distillers solubles (WDGS) with or without vitamin E (E) supplementation on sensory attributes (tenderness, juiciness, connective tissue content, and off-flavor intensity) of 7-day and 28-day aged beef strip steaks during retail display were investigated by a trained panel. Feeding WDGS or E did not influence tenderness, juiciness, or connective tissue ratings. However, feeding WDGS significantly increased the off-flavor intensity of 7-day aged beef following retail display. Feeding WDGS increased the incidence of livery off-flavor. The protective ability of vitamin E supplementation against livery flavor production was significant in beef …

Auswertung Der In Den Jahren 1993-2009 Im Östlichen Altai (Russland) Und Südöstlichen Altai (Tyva) Gesammelten Federn Und Rupfungen, W.-D. Busching

Erforschung biologischer Ressourcen der Mongolei / Exploration into the Biological Resources of Mongolia, ISSN 0440-1298

Determination-results of birds from Russian Altai-Mountains and Tyva based on plucked and moult-feathers.

This paper deals with plucked- and moult-feathers of different Central-Asian birds collected by STEPHAN ERNST, DANIEL MICHELE LINDNER and JENS HERING in the Russian Altai- Mountains and Tyva 1993 - 2009.

Beobachtungen Zu Unterscheidungsmerkmalen An Equidenschädeln, Speziell Zwischen Denen Von Mongolischen Dschiggetai Und Pferden, Roland Müller, Joachim Wussow

Erforschung biologischer Ressourcen der Mongolei / Exploration into the Biological Resources of Mongolia, ISSN 0440-1298

First paragraph:

Von STUBBE et.al. wurden zwischen 2001 und 2004 in der Südmongolei ca. 400 Schädel des Dschiggetai (Equus hemionus hemionus) gesammelt.

Comparative Morphology Of Two Sympatric Species Of Hedgehog In Ikh Nart Nature Reserve, Mongolia, Richard P. Reading, David Kenny, Sodnomphil Batdorj, James Murdoch

Erforschung biologischer Ressourcen der Mongolei / Exploration into the Biological Resources of Mongolia, ISSN 0440-1298

Daurian hedgehog (Mesechinus dauuricus) and long-eared hedgehog (Hemiechinus auritus) inhabit Ikh Nart Nature Reserve, Mongolia and both species appear to occupy similar niches. We gathered morphological measurements to test for differences between species and sexes. We hoped to gain insight into the mechanisms that allow the species to coexist. We collected morphometric data from 10 long-eared hedgehogs (6 male, 4 female) and 18 Daurian hedgehogs (10 male, 7 female, and 1 unknown sex). Only total body length in Daurian hedgehogs differed significantly between males and females. Otherwise, we found no significant differences between morphometric measures of …

Estimates Of Toad Headed Agama Density In Three Steppe Habitats Of Mongolia, James Murdoch, Buyandelger Suuri, Richard P. Reading

Erforschung biologischer Ressourcen der Mongolei / Exploration into the Biological Resources of Mongolia, ISSN 0440-1298

The toad headed agama (Phrynocephalus versicolor) ranges across the arid steppe regions of southern and western Mongolia and represents one of the most common reptiles in the country. However, few details of the species’ population characteristics exist, which may be important for evaluating population trends and assessing its conservation status. We estimated toad headed agama density in Ikh Nart Nature Reserve, Mongolia based on surveys conducted in the summers (June-September) of 2005, 2006, 2008, and 2009. We conducted surveys in three steppe habitats including tall grassland (n = 7), shrub-steppe (n = 7), and semi-shrub steppe …

Beitrag Zur Säugetierfauna Des Staatlichen Naturschutzgebietes Azas In Tyva/Südsibirien = Contributions To Fauna And Ecology Of Small Mammals Of State Nature Reserve “Azas” In The Republic Of Tyva /South Siberia, Annegret Stubbe, Michael Stubbe, V. V. Unžakov, A. P. Saveljev, N. I. Putincev, W. Stubbe

Erforschung biologischer Ressourcen der Mongolei / Exploration into the Biological Resources of Mongolia, ISSN 0440-1298

During 1988-2004 Russian and German biologists carried out a research of biodiversity of the mountain taiga within the territory of State Nature Reserve “Azas” (Republic of Tyva/Russia). Along with executing the main task – studying and development of an aboriginal population of Tuvinian beavers Castor fiber tuvinicus – materials on the fauna of small mammals of the Todzha kettle were collected. On the basis of samples (about 550 collected micromammals) information on the occurrence, reproduction and morphometric characteristics of four species of Insectivora, six species of Chiroptera and eleven species of small Rodentia inhabiting the territory of the reserve “Azas” …

Im Gedenken An Den Mongolischen Ornithologen Ajurzana Bold (1936-2007), M. Stubbe, Annegret Stubbe

Erforschung biologischer Ressourcen der Mongolei / Exploration into the Biological Resources of Mongolia, ISSN 0440-1298

Obituary of Mongolian ornithologist Ajurzana Bold (1936-2007).

Temporal Dynamics Of Group Size And Sexual Segregation In Ibex, N. J. Singh, S. Amgalanbaatar, Richard P. Reading

Erforschung biologischer Ressourcen der Mongolei / Exploration into the Biological Resources of Mongolia, ISSN 0440-1298

Group size is an important variable describing behavioral ecology of animals. A variety of factors such as habitat characteristics, life history, spatio-temporal resource dynamics, population density, predation risk, competition with kin, and social learning often determine group size in large mammals. We studied temporal dynamics of group size in Siberian ibex (Capra sibirica) in a protected area in Mongolia. We measured monthly and yearly variations in typical group size and used the sexual segregation and aggregation statistic to assess sexual segregation. Ibex formed the largest groups in November and smallest groups in July. However, group sizes did not …

Verzeichnis Der In Den „Beiträgen Zur Gefiederkunde Und Morphologie Der Vögel“ Hefte 1-14 Beschriebenen Und Der Vom Verfasser Im Übrigen Schrifttum Publizierten Federbestimmungsmerkmale Von Mongolischen Vögeln, W.-D. Busching

Erforschung biologischer Ressourcen der Mongolei / Exploration into the Biological Resources of Mongolia, ISSN 0440-1298

First paragraph:

Seit der ersten Mongolisch-Deutschen Biologischen Expedition im Jahre 1962 hat die Erforschung der Avifauna große Fortschritte gemacht, wobei im Zoologischen Institut der Martin Luther Universität Halle-Wittenberg, der Mongolischen Akademie der Wissenschaften und dem Biologischen Institut der Nationaluniversität der Mongolei in Ulaanbaatar umfangreiche Balgund Skelettsammlungen angelegt wurden. Nicht wenige Vogelfunde lagen aber in Form von Nahrungsresten der Greifvögel, Eulen und des Haarraubwildes vor und waren damit nur schwer anzusprechen. So gingen die aufgesammelten Rupfungen und Säugetierrisse zumeist an den Autor, in der Hoffnung, dass sie bestimmt werden können.

Waterbirds Of Uvs-Nuur Depression, T. P. Archimaeva-Ozerskaya, V. I. Zabelin

Erforschung biologischer Ressourcen der Mongolei / Exploration into the Biological Resources of Mongolia, ISSN 0440-1298

This report provides an overview of water birds (Non-Passeriformes) inhabiting the lakes of Uvs- Nuur Depression. The article includeds material obtained during field work in the Uvs-Nuur Depression during 1999-2006, unpublished observations of rare vagrant species of birds, and data from the literature. Altogether we and others recorded 81 bird species from ten families on the lakes within the basin. The list we provide does not include sparrows or birds from habitats closely associated with the basin. The following non-Passeriformes bird families were noted (with the number of species in parentheses): Gaviidae (1), Podicipedidae (2), Phalacrocoracidae (1), Ardeidae (5), Anatidae …

In Memoriam, Academician Prof. Dr. Osor Shagdarsuren (1929-2010), Sundev Gombobaatar, D. Sumiya, R. Samiya, B. Bayartogtokh, S. Shar, Nyamsuren Batsajchan, M. Altantsetseg, Ch. Uuganbayar, D. Usukhjargal, P. Amartuvshin, P. Jargalsaikhan, Sh. Boldbaatar, N. Tseveenmyadag, G. Mainjargal, B. Nyambayar, E. R. Potapov, Michael Stubbe, Annegret Stubbe, Andrew Dixon

Erforschung biologischer Ressourcen der Mongolei / Exploration into the Biological Resources of Mongolia, ISSN 0440-1298

Academician, Professor Osor Shagdarsuren passed away due to apoplexy on Tuesday, February 2, 2010, at the age of 81. He was one of the most respected Mongolian ornithologists, biologists, and educators. The Mongolian scientific community has lost one of its greatest members, the premier Mongolian ornithologist.

Gustav Radde In Sibirien: Zum 150. Jubiläum Der Baikalexpedition (1855-1859), Juri Durnev, Michael Stubbe, Annegret Stubbe

Erforschung biologischer Ressourcen der Mongolei / Exploration into the Biological Resources of Mongolia, ISSN 0440-1298

Unter den Beiträgen der deutschen Gelehrten zur Erforschung der Fauna der Baikalregion sind die Arbeiten von Gustav Radde besonders hervorzuheben. Er war nach I. Georgi der zweite Gelehrte, der den Versuch machte, den Baikalsee mit dem Boot für zoologische Untersuchungen zu bereisen. G. Radde untersuchte die Wirbeltiere der Baikalküsten und des Chamar-Daban-Gebirges. Er bestieg als erster Naturforscher den höchsten Gipfel Ostsibiriens, den Munku-Sardyk.

Ecology Of Eurasian Black Vultures (Aegypius Monachus) In Ikh Nart Nature Reserve, Mongolia, Richard P. Reading, David Kenny, John Azua, Travis Garrett, Mary Jo Willis, Tsolmonjav Purevsuren

Erforschung biologischer Ressourcen der Mongolei / Exploration into the Biological Resources of Mongolia, ISSN 0440-1298

We studied the nesting ecology and movement patterns of Eurasian black vultures (Aegypius monachus) nesting in and near Ikh Nart Nature Reserve, Dornogobi Aimag, Mongolia. From 2003 till 2009, we monitored nesting pairs from incubation to fledging and compared nesting success for pairs nesting on rocks and trees. We captured chicks just prior to fledging to apply leg bands and wing tags. We also captured adults in June and attached solar-powered global positioning system (GPS)/satellite telemetry units, leg bands, and wing tags. We collected resighting data on marked birds opportunistically and telemetry data on tagged birds. We monitored …