Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
Articles 91 - 120 of 261
Full-Text Articles in Animal Sciences
Effect Of Increasing Dietary Crude Protein Concentration On Growth Performance And Serum Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I Concentration, Robert L. Fischer, Phillip S. Miller
Effect Of Increasing Dietary Crude Protein Concentration On Growth Performance And Serum Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I Concentration, Robert L. Fischer, Phillip S. Miller
Nebraska Swine Reports
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of increasing dietary protein intake on growth performance and serum insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) concentration in growing-finishing gilts. Thirty-nine crossbred gilts with an initial body weight of 74.3 lb were used in a 28-day growth study. The gilts were randomly allocated to one of five dietary treatments. The diets were standard corn soybean meal diets, which were formulated to contain 10, 14, 18, 22, or 26% crude protein by changing the ratio of corn to soybean meal in the diet. Pig and feeder weights were recorded weekly for the determination of average …
Explanation Of Statistics Used In This Report
Explanation Of Statistics Used In This Report
Nebraska Swine Reports
Pigs treated alike vary in performance due to their different genetic makeup and to environmental effect we cannot completely control. When a group of pigs is randomly allotted to treatments it is nearly impossible to get an “equal” group of pigs on each treatment. The natural variability among pigs and the number of pigs per treatment determine the expected variation among treatment groups due to random sampling.
Supplementation On Sow And Litter Performance, Subsequent Weanling Pig Performance And Intestinal Development After An Immune Challenge, Steve J. Kitt, Phillip S. Miller, Robert L. Fischer
Supplementation On Sow And Litter Performance, Subsequent Weanling Pig Performance And Intestinal Development After An Immune Challenge, Steve J. Kitt, Phillip S. Miller, Robert L. Fischer
Nebraska Swine Reports
Sixteen sows were randomly assigned to two treatments: CON: Control corn-soybean meal diet; GLN: Cornsoybean meal diet + 2.5% crystalline glutamine. No differences (P > 0.10) between treatments were observed for sow weight loss, sow feed intake, or litter weight gain. Sow plasma glutamine concentration tended to be increased on days 7 and 21 (P < 0.13) in sows fed GLN. Milk glutamine concentration was increased (P < 0.08) on days 7 and 21 of lactation. However, suckling pig plasma glutamine concentration was not altered (P > 0.38) on day 21 by glutamine enriched milk consumption. On day 21, pigs were weaned to a common starter diet, sow treatment structure was maintained, and two additional treatments were imposed on weanling pigs and arranged in a 2 x 2 factorial: SAL: Saline injection on …
Team Approach To Management, Allen Prosch
Team Approach To Management, Allen Prosch
Nebraska Swine Reports
Managerial ability has been described as consisting of supervision and coordination. The coordination aspect is that function of deciding what business arrangements should be entered into. Pork producers are being called on to justify their right to do business with records that assure society that they have complied with regulations and used best management practices. Coordinating all the business activities to ensure compliance challenges the ability of any manager. The greater need for coordinating ability strongly suggests that pork producers who develop greater coordinating capacity will have a competitive advantage. Team management will be a necessary component in creating that …
Crop Residue Cover And Manure Incorporation — Part Ii: “Fine-Tuning” The System, David P. Shelton
Crop Residue Cover And Manure Incorporation — Part Ii: “Fine-Tuning” The System, David P. Shelton
Nebraska Swine Reports
Manure incorporation represents a compromise between best management practices for soil erosion control and manure management. Manure should be incorporated into the soil for odor control, increased availability of nutrients, and control of potential manure runoff. However, soil and crop residue disturbance should be minimized for soil erosion control. Values to estimate the amount of residue cover that will remain following the use of common manure application/incorporation components have been presented in the article titled “Crop Residue Cover and Manure Incorporation — Part I: Reduction of Cover.” This article discusses some of the influence that injector/ applicator spacing, tire spacing, …
Crop Residue Cover And Manure Incorporation — Part I: Reduction Of Cover, David P. Shelton
Crop Residue Cover And Manure Incorporation — Part I: Reduction Of Cover, David P. Shelton
Nebraska Swine Reports
Manure incorporation represents a compromise between best management practices for soil erosion control and manure management. Manure should be incorporated into the soil for odor control, increased availability of nutrients and control of potential manure runoff. However, soil and crop residue disturbance should be minimized for soil erosion control. This field study was conducted to: 1) determine the influence that commercially available soil-engaging components used to simultaneously apply and incorporate manure have on the reduction of crop residue cover [Part I - this article]; and 2) determine and evaluate some of the factors that may influence the amount of residue …
Thermal Conditions Within Pens Fitted With Differing Zone-Heating Options And Resulting Performance Of Newly Weaned Pigs In A Wean-To-Finish Facility, Richard R. Stowell, Sherri Colgan, Mike Brumm
Thermal Conditions Within Pens Fitted With Differing Zone-Heating Options And Resulting Performance Of Newly Weaned Pigs In A Wean-To-Finish Facility, Richard R. Stowell, Sherri Colgan, Mike Brumm
Nebraska Swine Reports
Research was conducted to assess the effects of the type of zone heater and floor mat used in a wean-to-finish building on the thermal environment created for newly weaned pigs and resulting pig performance. Gas-fired brooder heaters were compared to electric heat lamps and farm-cut wood sheathing was compared to commercial [unheated] rubber floor mats. No consistent differences in air temperature near the heating zone were found between either of the treatments. However, black-globe temperatures in pens having gas-fired heaters and/or wood mats were consistently warmer than in their comparison pens. Temperature deviations during the 26-day study period were similar …
Energy And Nitrogen Utilization Of Roundup Ready® Corn (Event Nk603) And Non-Transgenic Corn In Young Pigs, Robert L. Fischer, Phillip S. Miller
Energy And Nitrogen Utilization Of Roundup Ready® Corn (Event Nk603) And Non-Transgenic Corn In Young Pigs, Robert L. Fischer, Phillip S. Miller
Nebraska Swine Reports
This experiment was conducted to compare the nutritional value, measured by digestible and metabolizable energy, and nitrogen digestibility in young pigs fed either Roundup Ready corn (DKC5740) or non-transgenic corn (DKC5738). The experiment used 12 barrows with an initial body weight of 76.3 lb. The pigs were housed in stainless steel metabolism crates and were randomly allotted to one of two corn treatments, either Roundup Ready corn or control corn. The diets were formulated to contain 97.5% of one of the two varieties of corn and 2.5% minerals and vitamins. The duration of the experiment was 14 days, which included …
Vitamin B12 Requirement For Weanling Pigs, Sara S. Blodgett, Phillip S. Miller, Robert L. Fischer
Vitamin B12 Requirement For Weanling Pigs, Sara S. Blodgett, Phillip S. Miller, Robert L. Fischer
Nebraska Swine Reports
An experiment was conducted to further define the vitamin B12 requirement of the 11- to 44- lb pig. Pigs (initial weight 11.20 lb) were fed one of six diets for a total of 35 days: 1)Negative control, common nursery diet with no added vitamin B12; 2) IX, common nursery diet with the addition of 100% the 1998 NRC-requirement for the 11- to 22- lb pig for vitamin B12 (7.94 µg/lb of diet), 4) 4X, common nursery diet with the addition of 400% the 1998 NRC-requirement for the 11- to 22- lb pig for vitamin B12 …
Explanation Of Statistics Used In This Report
Explanation Of Statistics Used In This Report
Nebraska Swine Reports
Pigs treated alike vary in performance due to their different genetic makeup and to environmental effect we cannot completely control. When a group of pigs is randomly allotted to treatments it is nearly impossible to get an “equal” group of pigs on each treatment. The natural variability among pigs and the number of pigs per treatment determine the expected variation among treatment groups due to random sampling.
Effect Of A Low Phytate, Nutrient Dense Corn On Pig Performance, Mike Brumm
Effect Of A Low Phytate, Nutrient Dense Corn On Pig Performance, Mike Brumm
Nebraska Swine Reports
An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of a low phytate, nutrient dense corn variety on pig performance, fecal phosphorus and fecal nitrogen. Experimental treatments were: 1) corn-soybean meal diets formulated with purchased yellow corn; 2) similar diets formulated with 500 FTU/kg phytase; 3) diets formulated with a nutrient dense corn variety having a reduced phytic acid, elevated lysine, and higher energy compared to yellow corn; and 4) diets formulated with the nutrient dense corn variety and phytase at 500 FTU/kg to 130 lb BW and blended with yellow corn thereafter based on estimated available phosphorus. There was no …
Agricultural Management Advisory Groups For Pork Producers, Allen Prosch
Agricultural Management Advisory Groups For Pork Producers, Allen Prosch
Nebraska Swine Reports
Pork producers face complex management decisions and they need assistance with this complexity. Pork producers need to increase their awareness of the value of intangible assets such as relationships and knowledge. Pork producers must value, employ, and extract value from the use of intangible assets. Agricultural management advisory services assist producers in extracting vale from the use of intangible assets such as knowledge. Pork producers need to participate in advisory services. Pork producers can use group efforts to effectively create such services. Advisory services can improve the well being of producers by increasing their knowledge of and ability to deal …
Effect Of Post-Cooking Holding Time On Consumer Taste Panel Ratings Of Enhanced Pork Loins, Christian Perversi, Chris R. Calkins, Kent M. Eskridge
Effect Of Post-Cooking Holding Time On Consumer Taste Panel Ratings Of Enhanced Pork Loins, Christian Perversi, Chris R. Calkins, Kent M. Eskridge
Nebraska Swine Reports
Sensory evaluation of food products is a valuable means of learning about their characteristics. Consumer taste panels are regularly used to evaluate properties of meat products such as pork loins. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of post-cooking holding time on the taste panel ratings of enhanced pork. The loins used in this project were enhanced with varying percentages (close to 10%) of solutions containing water, salt, phosphates and natural juices or flavors. The loins came from 10 different suppliers and were served in randomly allotted groups of seven, throughout twenty, one-hour taste panel sessions. The …
The Economic Potential Of Methane Recovery: Projected Impacts Of Various Public-Policy Scenarios, Richard R. Stowell, Christopher G. Henry
The Economic Potential Of Methane Recovery: Projected Impacts Of Various Public-Policy Scenarios, Richard R. Stowell, Christopher G. Henry
Nebraska Swine Reports
Economic analyses were performed on anaerobic digestion of manure from swine finishing operations. The main factors considered were facility size (1,000 head; 3,500 head; and 10,000 head) and method of financial support provided (cost-share program, no-interest loans, tax subsidies, and subsidized electrical sales). Installation of a digester system is a significant investment that is currently very difficult to justify economically to Nebraska producers based upon consideration of currently available income and expense estimates, regardless of facility size. Swine finishing operations looking to invest in this technology would benefit most from a no-interest loan or cost-share program – policies that relate …
Omega-3 Fatty Acids And Swine Reproduction - A Review, Duane Reese
Omega-3 Fatty Acids And Swine Reproduction - A Review, Duane Reese
Nebraska Swine Reports
A literature review was conducted to examine the role dietary omega-3 fatty acids may play in swine reproduction. Omega-3 fatty acids are not normally present to any great extent in practical swine diets, but they are increasingly important in human and pet health. Swine nutritionists have focused primarily on the effect omega-3 fatty acids may have on littler size, piglet preweaning mortality, and boar fertility. Feeding omega-3 fatty acids to sows has not generally improved litter size. Piglet preweaning mortality may be improved by omega-3 fatty acid supplementation provided sows are allowed to farrow naturally (without induction). Boar fertility seems …
Case Ready And Enhanced Pork - How Do Ingredients Make Them Work?, Mike Baczwaski, Roger W. Mandigo
Case Ready And Enhanced Pork - How Do Ingredients Make Them Work?, Mike Baczwaski, Roger W. Mandigo
Nebraska Swine Reports
Case ready pork products have grown at a tremendous rate since the early, large scale introductions of the mid 1990’s. Estimates exceed 9 billion pieces in the near future, up from 500 million in 1997 and 1.2 billion in 2000. Estimates are that between 70-80% of the fresh pork at the supermarket is now utilizing two technologies in the case-ready status. These two technologies include enhancement and marination. Enhancement is the application of a solution of water, salt and sodium phosphates, usually approximately a 12% solution. Marination expands the solution with flavor and texture profiles involving additional ingredients. The major …
2003 Nebraska Swine Report, Duane Reese
2003 Nebraska Swine Report, Duane Reese
Nebraska Swine Reports
Nutrition
Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics, and Economics of Pigs Fed Diets Containing a Corn Germ-Corn Bran Product
Vitamin B12 Requirement for Weanling Pigs
Vitamin B12 and Mecadox® Supplementation in Weanling Pig Diets
Do Crowded Pigs Respond to Paylean®?
Comparison of Swine Performance When Fed Diets Containing Corn Root Worm Protected Corn, Parental Line Corn, or Conventional Corn Grown during 2000 in Nebraska
Energy and Nitrogen Utilization of Roundup Ready® Corn (Event nk603) and Non-Transgenic Corn in Young Pigs
Effect of a Low Phytate, Nutrient Dense Corn on Pig Performance
Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Swine …
Vitamin B12 And Mecadox® Supplementation In Weanling Pig Diets, Sara S. Blodgett, Phillip S. Miller, Robert Fischer
Vitamin B12 And Mecadox® Supplementation In Weanling Pig Diets, Sara S. Blodgett, Phillip S. Miller, Robert Fischer
Nebraska Swine Reports
An experiment was conducted to assess the responsiveness of weanling pigs to an antibiotic-like compound (Mecadox®) and vitamin B12. Pigs (initial weight 11.3 lb) were fed one of four diets for a total of 35 days: 1) Negative control, common nursery diet with no added Mecadox® or vitamin12; 2) Mecadox®, common nursery diet with 50 g/ton added Mecadox®; 3)B12 common nursery diet with 36.28 µg/lb added vitamin B12. Pig weights and feed disappearance were measured weekly to determine average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), and feed efficiency (ADG/ADFI). Pigs were …
Do Crowded Pigs Respond To Paylean®?, Mike Brumm, Phillip S. Miller, Robert C. Thaler
Do Crowded Pigs Respond To Paylean®?, Mike Brumm, Phillip S. Miller, Robert C. Thaler
Nebraska Swine Reports
Paylean® is a feed additive that improves feed efficiency, daily gain and carcass merit in finishing pigs. Restrictions in space allocation are known to reduce daily feed intake and daily gain. Thus, pigs may not respond as expected to dietary additions of Paylean® if feed intake is reduced due to crowding. A 2 x 2 factorial design was used to examine the potential interaction of Paylean® and space allocation. Experimental treatments were: 1)14 or 19 pigs per pen (8.0 vs 5.9 ft2/pig); and 2) Paylean® for four weeks prior to slaughter (0 or 9 g/T). In this experiment, …
Influence Of Crystalline Or Protein-Bound Lysine On Lysine Utilization For Growth In Pigs, Janeth Colina, Phillip S. Miller, Austin J. Lewis, Robert Fischer
Influence Of Crystalline Or Protein-Bound Lysine On Lysine Utilization For Growth In Pigs, Janeth Colina, Phillip S. Miller, Austin J. Lewis, Robert Fischer
Nebraska Swine Reports
Two experiments were conducted to determine the efficiency of utilization of crystalline lysine relative to the lysine in soybean meal for growth in barrows and gilts fed individually or in groups. One hundred twelve growing pigs (56 barrows and 56 gilts; average initial body weight of 39.6 lb) were sued in each experiment. Pigs were fed individually (I) or in groups of three (G). There were 28 individually penned and 84 in 28 pens with three pigs/pen). There were two replications per treatment in each experiment for a total of four replications. For the 28-day experiments, pigs were fed one …
Influence Of Crystalline Or Protein-Bound Lysine On Growth Performance, Body Protein Deposition And Lysine Utilization In Nursery Pigs, Janeth J. Colina, Phillip S. Miller, Austin Lewis, Robert L. Fischer
Influence Of Crystalline Or Protein-Bound Lysine On Growth Performance, Body Protein Deposition And Lysine Utilization In Nursery Pigs, Janeth J. Colina, Phillip S. Miller, Austin Lewis, Robert L. Fischer
Nebraska Swine Reports
Experiments have shown that the efficiency of utilization of crystalline amino acids may be lower than that of amino acids bound in protein. A four-week experiment was conducted to determine whether the efficiency of utilization of crystalline lysine was lower than that of lysine in soybean meal for growth and body protein deposition in nursery pigs. A total of 30 pigs (15 barrows and 15 gilts) with initial body weight of 13 lb were blocked by sex and randomly allotted, one per pen, to 30 pens in two nursery facilities. There were six replications per treatment. Six pigs (three barrows …
Comparison Of Swine Performance When Fed Diets Containing Corn Root Worm Protected Corn, Parental Line Corn, Or Conventional Corn Grown During 2000 In Nebraska, Robert L. Fischer, Phillip S. Miller, Sara S. Blodgett, Steven J. Kitt
Comparison Of Swine Performance When Fed Diets Containing Corn Root Worm Protected Corn, Parental Line Corn, Or Conventional Corn Grown During 2000 In Nebraska, Robert L. Fischer, Phillip S. Miller, Sara S. Blodgett, Steven J. Kitt
Nebraska Swine Reports
This experiment was conducted to evaluate growth performance and carcass quality measurements in growing-finishing pigs fed diets containing either Corn Root Worm Protected Corn (CRW0586), the parental control corn (RX670), or two commercial sources of non-genetically modified corn (DK647 and RX740). The experiment used 72 barrows and 72 gilts with an average initial body weight of 50 lb. The pigs were allotted to a randomized complete block design with a 2 x 4 factorial arrangement of treatments (two sexes x four corn hybrids). The experiment continued until the average body weight was 260 lb, at which time all pigs were …
Effects Of Glutamine On Growth Performance And Intestinal Development Of Immune Challenged Weanling Pigs Fed Chemically Defined Diets, Steven J. Kitt, Phillip S. Miller, Robert L. Fischer
Effects Of Glutamine On Growth Performance And Intestinal Development Of Immune Challenged Weanling Pigs Fed Chemically Defined Diets, Steven J. Kitt, Phillip S. Miller, Robert L. Fischer
Nebraska Swine Reports
Glutamine is currently considered a nonessential amino acid for pigs. In this study we investigated whether glutamine is essential during an acute immune challenge. Thirty-six individually housed 20-day old pigs were blocked by location and allotted to one of three purified dietary treatments: 1)contained no L-Glutamine (CON), 2) contained 5% L-Glutamine (GLN), or 3) contained no L-glutamine but was equalized to GLN diet on a nitrogen basis with other nonessential amino acids (AA). Pigs were fed these diets for a 14-day growth assay. On day 7, one half of the pigs from each treatment were injected with 200 µg•kg BW …
Progress In Estimating Setback Distances For Livestock Facilities, Richard K. Koelsch, Dennis D. Schulte, Lakshmi Koppolu
Progress In Estimating Setback Distances For Livestock Facilities, Richard K. Koelsch, Dennis D. Schulte, Lakshmi Koppolu
Nebraska Swine Reports
The University of Minnesota has introduced a tool used by county planners and livestock producers for developing a science-based estimate of setback distances between a livestock facility and neighbors. This paper provides an overview of the tool and an example illustrating the process for estimating setback distances. Minnesota’s development efforts have resulted in the first scientifically based tool being used in the United States for public policy decisions for location of livestock facilities. More recently, University of Nebraska faculty have initiated a cooperative development effort with the Minnesota team to develop a Nebraska Odor Footprint tool which will perform a …
Fatty Acid Composition Of Fresh Pork Bellies -Implications To Bacon Production?, Carmina Robles, Betsy Booren, Roger W. Mandigo
Fatty Acid Composition Of Fresh Pork Bellies -Implications To Bacon Production?, Carmina Robles, Betsy Booren, Roger W. Mandigo
Nebraska Swine Reports
Commercial bacon processors often raise concerns regarding the management practice of frozen storage of the bellies prior to curing and processing for sliced bacon. Deterioration of quality measures is a concern and is usually attributed to freezer storage. A secondary issue, in the production of bacon including those processed from frozen bellies, is the effect of breed and sex of pigs. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to determine the effect of a 15-day frozen storage time, the genetics, and sex of the pig on the quality and fatty acid profile of pork bellies. Frozen storage of fresh pork bellies did …
Paylean® Improves Growth And Carcass Merit Of Pigs With 25% And 50% Nebraska Index Line Genes, Rodger K. Johnson, D. Petry, Phillip S. Miller, R. Fisher
Paylean® Improves Growth And Carcass Merit Of Pigs With 25% And 50% Nebraska Index Line Genes, Rodger K. Johnson, D. Petry, Phillip S. Miller, R. Fisher
Nebraska Swine Reports
The Nebraska Index Line excels in reproduction and is being used in industry breeding programs. However, because it has been selected only for litter size since 1981, growth and carcass merit of pure-line pigs are below industry standards. The objectives of this experiment were 1) to compare growth and carcass traits of Index cross pigs with either 50% or 25% Line I genes in a crossbreeding system typical of how the line is used in the industry and 2) to determine the effects of feeding 18 g PAYLEAN® per ton during the last 28 days of the feeding period on …
2002 Nebraska Swine Report, Duane Reese
2002 Nebraska Swine Report, Duane Reese
Nebraska Swine Reports
Nutrition
Comparison of Swine Performance When Fed Diets Containing Roundup Ready® Corn, Parental Line Corn, or Two Commercial Corns
Niacin and Vitamin B12 Requirements of Weanling Pigs
Phytase Sources in Pelleted Diets
Managing Swine Dietary Phosphorus to Meet Manure Management Goals
Update on the Economics of Feeding Ractopamine (PayleanTM) to Finishing Pigs
Defining the Optimal Feed Budget System for Terminal-Crossed, Growing-Finishing Barrows
Effects of Glutamine on Growth Performance and Small Intestine Villus Height in Weanling Pigs
Influence of Linoleic Acid Isomers on Body Fat
Dietary Amino Acid Utilization for Body Protein Deposition-Current and Future Research
Genetics
Reproductive Responses in the …
Sorting And Mixing Effects In A Wean-To-Finish Facility, Mike Brumm
Sorting And Mixing Effects In A Wean-To-Finish Facility, Mike Brumm
Nebraska Swine Reports
An experiment was conducted to evaluate whether removing and mixing lightweight pigs in a wean-to-finish facility resulted in improved pig performance to slaughter compared to never removing pigs from a pen from weaning to slaughter. Two populations of pigs were compared. The removed and mixed population consisted of pens comprised of 1) 20 pigs per pen with the five lightest pigs removed three weeks after weaning and 2) 15 pigs per pen with the pen comprised of the five lightest pigs from three of the 20 pig pens. The unsorted population consisted of 15 pigs per pen from weaning to …
Effectiveness Of Pork Quality Assurance Training For Youth, Rosemarie Nold
Effectiveness Of Pork Quality Assurance Training For Youth, Rosemarie Nold
Nebraska Swine Reports
Over 3,500 youth in Nebraska were trained and certified in Pork Quality Assurance (PQA) in 1999. Quality assurance training had an impact on the youths’ opinions about quality assurance and consumers and on the youths’ knowledge of quality assurance practices. Emphasis on character development and decision-making skills translated into positive responses about the responsibilities of a livestock producer to animals and consumers. While most youth understood at least some of their responsibilities prior to completing the training, the quality assurance training served to reinforce the understanding of those youth and also to help all youth recognize the breadth of the …
Economic Analysis Of The Selection Response In The Ne Index Line, D. B. Petry, B. P. Mcallister, Rodger K. Johnson
Economic Analysis Of The Selection Response In The Ne Index Line, D. B. Petry, B. P. Mcallister, Rodger K. Johnson
Nebraska Swine Reports
The objective was to estimate economic effects of 19 generations of selection for increased litter size in the NE Index line. Using realized biological data, 1,250-sow enterprises based on Index line and Control line females were simulated. Each system was closed to introduction of females and included pureline females mated to produce replacement pureline and F1 gilts, and F1 females mated to terminal cross boars to produce market progeny. Costs of production and income statements were produced using the reproductive, growth and carcass data from the NE Index (I) and Control (C) lines reported in the two preceding …