Life Sciences Commons^™

The Effect Of Some Growth Regulator Treatments On The Storage Of Valencia, Hati̇ce Tatli, Ahsen Işik Özgüven

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

This study, was carried out to determine effects of some growth regulators applications on storage period on Valencia orange. In the first year of experiments fruits were treated with 0 ppm 2,4-D and 200 ppm 2,4-D. In the second year, 0, 100, 200, 400 ppm 2,4-D, 200 ppm 2,4-D + 100 ppm GA_3 and 400 ppm 2,4-D +100 ppm GA_3 combinations were applied after harvest. The fruits were wrapped with hutbak paper and were put in cardboard boxes and then were placed in a cold store set at +4°C temperature with 85-90% relative humidity for five months. Fruit quality criterias …

Survival Of Listeria Monocytogenes During The Manufacture, Ripening And Storage Of Turkish White Cheese Made From Cow's And Sheep's Milk, Muhammet Arici, Mehmet Demi̇rci̇, H. Hüsnü Gündüz

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

In this research survival Listeria monocytogenes has been investigated during manufacturing, ripening and storage of the turkish white cheese made from cow's milk and sheep's milk. Pasteurized cow's and sheep's milk were inoculated with 10^3 L. monocytogenes /ml and than processed into cheese. Cheese samples were stored in PET jars after pre-ripening during 20 weeks at 4°C and analysis were carried out at certain period. In all samples after 5 days in room temperature L. monocytogenes count has reached to 10^5/g and pH decreased to 5.0. L. monocytogenes count in the cold stored cheese samples was determined as >10^4/g after …

Compatiple And Noncompatiple Stem Taper Equations For Alder, Hakki Yavuz, Nedi̇m Saraçoğlu

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

In this study, compatible and noncompatible stem taper equations were developed for alder (Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn.) depending on 510 sample trees data taken from alder stands in Black Sea Region. For estimating only stem tapers of sample trees, the noncompatible stem taper equation developed by Kozak (10) was the best according to average residual (bias), standart deviation of residuals (precision) and percent variation explained criteria, among all compatible and noncompatible stem taper equations tested in this study. Besides, according to the same criteria, for estimating stem tapers, total tree volume and volume ratios together, the compatible stem taper equation …

Investigations On Soil Erodibility And Some Properties Of The Soils Under Different Land Usetypes In Söğütlüdere Creek Watershed Near Trabzon, Refik Karagül

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

In this study, effects of different land use types on some soil properties in the Trabzon-Sögütlüdere watershed were studied. The study area, is located in the East Black Sea Region, 30 kilometers far from Trabzon. Soil samples evaluated in this research were taken from areas under three different land use types; forestland, rangeland and, cultivated land at different altitudes and physio-graphical conditions in such a way that they represent general conditions of the watershed area. Total of 83 soil profiles were determined, 48 in forestland areas, 21 in rangeland and 14 in cultivated areas for three soil depths (0-20 cm, …

Some Nut Characteristics And Variatin Of These Characteristics Within Hazelnut Cultivar Palaz, S. Zeki̇ Bostan, Ali̇ İslam

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

This study was carried out to determine important nut and kernel quality characteristics and variation in nut and kernel weight and kernel percentage in orchards of Palaz hazelnut cultivar in Ordu and nearby villages. Samples were selected at random from 36 orchards. It was determined that the nut weight, shell thickness, kernel weight and kernel percentage of this cultivar were 1.810-2.721 g, 0.610-0.970 mm, 0.988-1.431 g and 41.94-60.53%, respectively. Furthermore, certain nut characteristics were examined: nut length, nut width, nut height, kernel length, kernel width, kernel height, small nuts, blanks, poor fill, shirvelled kernels, doubles and good kernels. The coefficients …

The Effects Of Chemicals For Using The Bleaching Of The Wood Surfaces On The Layer Hardness Of Varnish, Burhanetti̇n Uysal, Musa Atar, Ayhan Özçi̇fçi̇

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

The objective of this research was to determine the effects of sodium hydroxide + hydrogen peroxide, sodium hydroxide + calcium hydroxide + hydrogen peroxide, hypochlorite and hydrochloric acid applied on the scotch pine ( Pinus sylvestris L), oriental beech ( Fagus orientalis Lipsky), ash wood ( Froxinus excelsior L.) and oak ( Quercus petraea Mattu Liebl.) on the layer hardness of acrylic, synthetic, polyurethane and acid catalyzed varnish. Results indicated that in the natural varnishing effects of wood species on the layer hardness of varnish are unimportant but the effects of varnish types are important. In the varnishing, after bleaching …

Problem Identification And Priority Setting In Agricultural Research: The Case Of The Eastern Margin Of Central Anatolia, Vedat Uzunlu, Ahmet Bayaner, Surendra P. S. Beniwal

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Since the resources available to research institutes are scarce, and experimentation is the most costly phase of a research program, researchers must make sure that the possible solutions to identified problems have a high chance of success. Consequently, problems should be carefully prioritized for experimentation. Factors limiting increased productivity in crop production in the Eastern Margin of Central Anatolia (EMCA) along with agro-ecological factors, apart from political concern, are agronomic constraints. Limiting factors in livestock production are insufficient feed supply, poor conditions of natural grazing areas, and housing of animals. Increasing the adoption rate of the recommended production practices among …

In Situ Haploid Embryo Induction In Cucumber (Cucumis Sativus L.) After Pollination By Irradiated Pollen, Gülat Çağlar, Kazim Abak

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

In this study the effects of irradiation doses, maternal genotypes and season on fruit set, seed production and parthenogenetic embryo induction after pollination by irradiated pollen in cucumber were investigated. Qamar F1, Seraset F1, Dere and Çengelköy cultivars were pollinated throughout the years with the use of pollen exposed to gamma irradiation at 300, 450 and 600 Gy. The irradiation doses did not affect fruit set or seed production. Hybrid genotypes set more fruits than open pollinated ones. Qamar F1 cultivar had the highest seed production. The highest seed production were realised in June. A 300-Gy dose led the highest …

The Effect Of Green Manure Crops Of Legumes On Grain Yield And Some Agronomical Characters Of Maize Grown On Different Nitrogen Doses, Ahmet Can Ülger, Adem Emi̇n Anlarsal, Mustafa Gök, Bülent Çakir, Celal Yücel, Işik Onaç, Osman Atici

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

In this research, the effect of green manure crops of legumes such as horsbean, mixture of horsbean+vetch, alexandrie klee, fenugreek on grain yield and some agronomical characters of maize grown on different nitrogen doses (0, 12 and 24 kg N da ^-1) were investigated. Also, dry matter of nodule, root and biomass of above ground and total amount of N were determined. According to the resulting two years, the total amount of N fixed to the soil by the way of nodule, root and biomass of above ground was between 27.5-38.8 kg da^-1. Also it was determined that maize could …

Health-Promoting Properties Of Common Herbs, Winston J. Craig

Faculty Publications

Herbs have been used as food and for medicinal purposes for centuries. Research interest has focused on various herbs that possess hypolipidemic, antiplatelet, antitumor, or immune-stimulating properties that may be useful adjuncts in helping reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease and cancer. In different herbs, a wide variety of active phytochemicals, including the flavonoids, terpenoids, lignans, sulfides, polyphenolics, carotenoids, coumarins, saponins, plant sterols, curcumins, and phthalides have been identified. Several of these phytochemicals either inhibit nitrosation or the formation of DNA adducts or stimulate the activity of protective enzymes such as the Phase II enzyme glutathione transferase (EC 2.5.1.18). Research …

Nebline, January 1999

NEBLINE Newsletter Archive from Nebraska Extension in Lancaster County

This year I resolve...
Ten steps to good gardening
Lilac renewal
Protect trees from animal damage
Winter care of houseplants
Dispersal of blackbirds, crows and starlings from urban roosts
Environmental book review for kids
Beginning beekeeping training
Treasures in the trash
Tips to enhance the art of using snap-traps for mice
Attention land owners and renters
1999 integrated crop management winter programs
Grain stubble rental rates
Learn about soil fertility/crop nutrient needs in your spare time
Farm tractor, combine fires cost millions annually
Controlling eastern redcedar
Tractor safety tips (part 1)
Acreage reply
Rural living clinics scheduled
Use information at …

1999 Issue-Based Review, Darrell Nelson

Southeast Research and Extension Center: Reports and Administration

Introduction

Review Team Schedule

Review Team Members

SCREC Faculty

SCREC Staff Structure

SCREC District County Staff Structure

SCREC District Map

Facilities

Ag Profitability and Global Competitiveness

4-H Youth Development

Nebraska's Changing Communities

Healthy Families

Resource Utilization and Environment

Review Update

1993 Exit Report

1993 Exit Report Response

Questions

Pennsylvania Urban And Community Forestry: Don't Top Trees, William Elmendorf

Nebraska Forest Service: Publications

What Is Topping? Topping Hurts a Tree In Many Ways; How to Prevent Topping

1999 Nebraska Central Mixedgrass Prairie Rapid Ecological Assessment, Mike Bullerman

Nebraska Game and Parks Commission: White Papers, Conference Presentations, and Manuscripts

This document has been prepared in partial fulfillment of the 1999 Central Mixedgrass Prairie ecoregion [CMGP] Rapid Ecological Assessment [REA] contract between the Nebraska Chapter of The Nature Conservancy [TNC] and Michael J. Bullerman [“contractor”]. The contract provided for the survey of selected untilled landscapes within the Nebraska portion of the CMGP ecoregion, excluding the Sandhills. The objectives of this study were to:

1) Identify relatively intact CMGP landscapes within the state of Nebraska,

2) Determine the ecological condition, threats, unique features, and conservation potential of these landscapes,

3) Determine land use practices implemented by landowners,

4) Determine landowner attitudes …

1999 Wildlife Management Area Threatened And Endangered Species Inventory, Final Report, Robert F. Steinauer

Nebraska Game and Parks Commission: White Papers, Conference Presentations, and Manuscripts

This study was undertaken to determine the extent of threatened and endangered (T&E) species habitats and high-quality native plant communities on Nebraska Game and Parks Commission (NGPC) Wildlife Management Areas (WMAs). The Nebraska Natural Heritage Program (NHP) is responsible for environmental reviews of state projects that may impact threatened and endangered (T&E) species in Nebraska, including proposed management actions on state Wildlife Management Areas (WMA). These environmental reviews require a significant amount of NHP staff time, and frequently find no adverse impacts associated with the proposed management actions. This survey was undertaken to improve Nebraska Game and Parks Commissions (NGPC) …

Inventory Of The Central Mixed-Grass Prairie Ecoregion Of Kansas And Nebraska, Hillary Loring, Mike Bullerman, Kelly Kindscher

Nebraska Game and Parks Commission: White Papers, Conference Presentations, and Manuscripts

An inventory of potential high quality mixed-grass prairie ranches and large properties within the Central Mixed-Grass Prairie Ecoregion of Kansas and Nebraska was conducted in the spring and summer of 1999. Emphasis during the inventory was placed on identification of relatively intact landscapes. Significant ranches within those untilled landscapes were visited. An interview of the owners or managers of those properties was coupled with a survey of the vegetation. Assessments of quality were based on species composition, continuity of ground cover, observations of livestock impact, and viability of the community types present.

The objectives of this study were to:

1) …

An Analysis Of Differential Delayed Mortality Experienced By Stream-Type Chinook Salmon Of The Snake River, Nick Bouwes, Howard Schaller, Phaedra Budy, Charles Petrosky, Russ Kiefer, Paul Wilson, Olaf Langness, Earl Weber, Eric Tinus

United States Fish and Wildlife Service: Publications

In the Anadromous Fish Appendix of the US Army Corp of Engineers (USACE) Environmental Impact Statement on the Lower Snake River Hydrosystem Alternatives for recovery of Snake River salmon and steelhead (hereafter referred to as "A-Fish"), the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) suggested that transportation effectiveness of spring/summer chinook may have improved markedly in recent years. The NMFS conclusion was based on estimates of 'D'-values (the differential delayed survival rate between transported fish and fish that migrated in-river) for 1994-1995 (NMFS, 1999). NMFS suggested, if 'D' is high (estimated in A-Fish at 0.8) and extra mortality of in-river and transported …

Background Contaminants Evaluation Of Fort Niobrara And Valentine National Wildlife Refuge, Karen J. Nelson, Brent J. Esmoil

United States Fish and Wildlife Service: Publications

The objectives of this study were to determine background concentrations of metals and organic compounds in biotic and abiotic components of the Fort NiobraralValentine National Wildlife Refuge (NWR) Complex and document these results to utilize as baseline information for future contaminants investigations. To establish this baseline, sediment, water, and biotic samples (fish, double crested cormorant eggs, and vegetation) were collected from Fort Niobrara and Valentine National Wildlife Refuge in 1995 and tested for inorganic and organic contaminants. lnorganics were determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrophotometer (lCP) scans. Arsenic and selenium were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS). Mercury …

Monitoring Of Selenium Concentrations In Biota From The Kendrick Reclamation Project, Natrona County, Wyoming 1992 - 1996, Pedro Ramirez Jr., Kimberly Dickerson

United States Fish and Wildlife Service: Publications

Selenium is bioaccumulating in fish and aquatic birds inhabiting the Kendrick Reclamation Project (Kendrick) in Natrona County, Wyoming as a result of mobilization associated with irrigation return flows. Field studies conducted in the 1980’s by the U.S. Geological Survey (Survey) and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Service) as part of the Department of Interior’s National Irrigation Water Quality Program (NIWQP) revealed elevated selenium concentrations in water, sediment and biota at Kendrick and immediately downstream in the North Platte River. Selenium concentrations found in biota exceeded levels known to cause mortality and embryonic deformities in birds and impaired reproduction in …

Influence Of Prairie Dogs On Vegetation In Kansas Shortgrass Prairie, Stephen L. Winter, Jack F. Cully Jr., Jeffrey S. Pontius

United States Fish and Wildlife Service: Publications

We quantified plant species richness, frequency, percent cover and percent bare ground on black-tailed prairie dog colonies and non-colonized areas in southwest Kansas in 1996 and 1997. In 1996 field sampling occurred after 12 months of below-average precipitation, while field sampling in 1997 occurred after 10 months of above-average precipitation. In 1996 prairie dog colonies were characterized by lower percentages of grass cover and higher percentages of forb cover than non-colonized sites, but there was no difference in percent bare ground. In 1997 percent grass cover, forb cover and bare ground was similar for prairie dog colonies and non-colonized areas. …

1999 Nebraska Swine Report

Nebraska Swine Reports

Reproduction

Changes in pH of Boar Semen Extenders

Follicular Selection and Atresia in Gilts for an Index of High Ovulation Rate and High Prenatal Survival
Health A Population Approach to Diagnosis of Grow-Finish Diarrhea Comlex
Survival of Pathogenic Intestinal Spirochetes Kept in Pure Cultures and in Pig Feces Held at Four Different Temperatures

Nutrition Feasibility of Growing and Feeding High-Oil Corn to Pigs
Bioavailability of Iron in Iron Proteinates
Zinc Oxide, With or Without Carbadox, Stimulates Performance in Nursery Pigs
The Effects of Dietary Feather Meal Concentration on Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Barrows
Defining Swine Nutrient Requirements and Allowances—What …

Survival Of Pathogenic Intestinal Spirochetes Kept In Pure Cultures And In Pig Feces Held At Four Different Temperatures, David E. S. N. Barcellos, Gerald Duhamel, Michelle R. Mathiesen

Nebraska Swine Reports

Porcine colonic spirochetosis (PCS) caused by Serpulina pilosicoli has been identified as a contributing cause of diarrhea and reduced performance of growing pigs in all major swine producing countries. The current view that transmission of PCS occurs through contamination of the environment by acutely or persistently infected pigs is based on the assumption that the spirochetes remain viable in the environment. The purpose of this study was to compare the viability of Serpulina pilosicoli kept in pure culture or mixed with feces at four different temperatures over time with that of Serpulina hyodysenteriae. The results of the present study indicated …

Feasibility Of Growing And Feeding High Oil Corn To Pigs, Larry L. Bitney, Duane Reese, Robert Caldwell

Nebraska Swine Reports

A feasibility analysis on the growing and feeding of high-oil corn (HOC) to pigs was conducted. The cost to produce HOC is about 25 to 32 cents per bushel higher than for normal corn (NC), primarily due to 7 to 10 percent yield reduction for HOC. Diets made with HOC contain between 1.5 and 3 percent additional fat. Therefore, feed efficiency should be improved, on average, by 3 to 6 percent when HOC is substituted for NC. In most cases, daily gain should improve by 0 to 3 percent with HOC in the diet. High-oil corn grown in central Nebraska …

Impact Of Drinker Type On Pig Performance, Water Use And Manure Production, Mike Brumm, Jill Heemstra

Nebraska Swine Reports

A summer experiment was conducted to examine the impact of drinker design on pig performance, water use and manure volume. Pigs with access to Drik-O-Mat® bowl drinkers had similar daily gains, lower feed intake and improved feed conversion compared to pigs with access to a WaterSwing® nipple drinker. Water use was reduced 24.8 percent for the bowl versus swing drinkers. Manure volume was reduced 21.6 percent for the bowl versus swing drinker. The difference in manure volume is most likely due to a reduction in water wastage. Selection of drinker devices must include consideration of the manure system design and …

Pork 101 A Short Course Focusing On The Importance Of Pork Quality And Consistency, Dennis E. Burson, Dana J. Hanson

Nebraska Swine Reports

As we move towards the next century, pork producers face many challenges. The Pork Quality Audit in 1994 identified consistency of the meat product, meat quality and food safety as major issues producers can’t afford to ignore.

To introduce participants to these important segments of the pork industry, a three-day, hands-on short course has been developed at the University of Nebraska, with the assistance of the American Meat Science Association, the National Pork Producers Council, Michigan State University and Texas A&M University.

Response To Increasing Levels Of Nutrients Fed During Gestation And Lactation To Control And Prolific Gilts, David Casey, Rodger K. Johnson

Nebraska Swine Reports

Normal diets and diets with 50 percent greater amounts of protein, vitamins and certain minerals were fed during the gilt development period through lactation to gilts of lines that differed in litter size. The lines had been developed with 10 generations of genetic selection that resulted in a difference between the prolific line and a randomly selected control line of 2.9 fully formed pigs at birth in first parity sows. However, the large litter size line also had greater numbers of stillborn pigs, smaller pigs at birth and greater pre-weaning mortality. The purpose of the experiment was to determine whether …

A Population Approach To Diagnosis Of Grow-Finish Diarrhea Complex, Gerald E. Duhamel, Michelle R. Mathiesen

Nebraska Swine Reports

Because the growing-finishing phase of pig production accounts for 60 to 70 percent of the total feed costs, improvements in feed efficiency during that period can significantly effect cost-benefit potential. Alimentary tract diseases caused by bacterial agents can significantly impact the capacity of growing-finishing pigs to utilize nutrients. Although disease problems in the poultry industry are most often diagnosed by complete examination of several live animals submitted for necropsy, such an approach is cost prohibitive for growing-finishing pigs. To better control enteric bacterial diseases of growing/finishing pigs, we investigated the value of examining fecal specimens taken front a representative number …

Explanation Of Statistics Used In This Report

Nebraska Swine Reports

Pigs treated alike vary in performance, due to their different genetic makeup and to environmental effects we cannot completely control. When a group of pigs is randomly allotted to treatments it is nearly impossible to get an “equal” group of pigs on each treatment. The natural variability among pigs and the number of pigs per treatment determine the expected variation among treatment groups due to random sampling.

Development Of Intervention Strategies To Extend The Shelf- Life Of Fresh Ground Pork, David M. Gaebler, Roger W. Mandigo

Nebraska Swine Reports

The effects of storage time, packaging atmosphere and raw material source on shelf-life of fresh ground pork were studied. Fresh ground pork (18 percent fat) was packaged in an atmosphere of 80:20 percent 0₂:CO₂ or 100 percent CO₂ and placed in unlighted refrigerated storage (34°F) for a period of two or eight days to simulate distribution time of the product from manufacturer to retail merchandiser. Products were then placed under lighted storage for eight additional days (100 foot candles, 34°F) to simulate retail display conditions. Ground sirloin had higher percent surface metmyoglobin (darkness and brown color) …

Are The Sows Fed Adequately?, Duane Reese

Nebraska Swine Reports

Feeding and managing sows so changes in their body weight and condition fall within predetermined targets is critical for successful reproduction. General feeding recommendations are useful in designing a feeding strategy for sows in all pork producing operations. However, nutrient requirements are not the same for all sows and there are differences in how well producers implement feeding protocols. It is important sows be monitored systemically on farms to ensure their nutrient requirements are met. Body condition scoring seems to be the most practical and useful method of monitoring sows compared to backfat probing or weighing. Guidelines on how to …