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Articles 1471 - 1500 of 8353
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Fouling Mitigation In Membrane Based Perfusion Systems By Oscillating Tangential Flow, Maria Weinberger, Ulrich Kulozik
Fouling Mitigation In Membrane Based Perfusion Systems By Oscillating Tangential Flow, Maria Weinberger, Ulrich Kulozik
Integrated Continuous Biomanufacturing III
Good scalability and robust handling have promoted the application of membrane based cell retention devices. A physical barrier, i.e. a filter, retains cells and cell debris. One major drawback of these devices is their ten-dency to foul and clog. One form of fouling is deposit layer formation on the filter surface, consisting of cells, cell debris and other fermentation broth constituents. This leads to the build-up of a secondary membrane, which can alter the permeation profile. Furthermore, deposit layers lead to an increased filtration resistance and thus negatively affect permeate flux, filtration efficiency and process robustness. In tangential flow filtration, …
Ultra Scale-Down Mimics For Perfusion Culture: Experimental Study For Rapid Biopharmaceutical Process Development, Molly Tregidgo, Martina Micheletti, David Pollard
Ultra Scale-Down Mimics For Perfusion Culture: Experimental Study For Rapid Biopharmaceutical Process Development, Molly Tregidgo, Martina Micheletti, David Pollard
Integrated Continuous Biomanufacturing III
With the industry driving towards the implementation of whole continuous bioprocess sequences, there becomes a requirement for the development of scale-down tools with the same consistency, reliability and throughput as those already available for traditional batch processes. This work aims to develop a perfusion scale-down system capable of reproducing the specific characteristics of the perfusion culture process, namely cell retention capabilities, the ability to support high cell densities and to operate for extended periods compared to fed-batch cultures. Cell culture in microwell plates in fed-batch mode is well defined and is in widespread use; however to the best of our …
Use Of A Biphasic Perfusion Process Based On Mild Hypothermia For Recombinant Glucocerebrosidase (Gba) Production, Filipa Gonçalves, Juliana Coronel, Leda R. Castilho
Use Of A Biphasic Perfusion Process Based On Mild Hypothermia For Recombinant Glucocerebrosidase (Gba) Production, Filipa Gonçalves, Juliana Coronel, Leda R. Castilho
Integrated Continuous Biomanufacturing III
The main goal of this study was to develop an innovative CHO-based process for the production of glucocerebrosidase (GBA), an enzyme used for the replacement therapy of Type 1 Gaucher disease. The focus of the present study was on the development of a perfusion process, combining strategies that are commonly used for process optimization: temperature reduction, and supplementation of the culture medium with productivity enhancers, such as short chain fatty acids. The effects of mild hypothermic conditions combined with valeric acid supplementation were first studied in batch shake flasks for two clones (CHO-GBA-36K and CHO-GBA-65P), developed previously using as host …
Qualification Of Single Use In-Line Sensors For Use In Continuous Bioprocessing, James Furey, Dennis Annarelli, Josh Huang
Qualification Of Single Use In-Line Sensors For Use In Continuous Bioprocessing, James Furey, Dennis Annarelli, Josh Huang
Integrated Continuous Biomanufacturing III
The requirements for batch versus continuous processing will be compared along the lines of the design attributes of single use sensors for pressure, temperature, conductivity, and UV absorbance and also performance over months of continuous operation. These sensors are applicable in both upstream and downsteam processing starting with pressure monitoring on single use bioreactors, sensors required for perfusion process monitoring followed by monitoring of continuous purification processes. Dissection of the materials of the sensors and their physical nature to withstand liquid exposure of up to 90 days versus (versus shorter more discrete batch processes of less than one day) will …
Up And Down Scale Considerations For The Continuous Production Of Glycooptimized Biopharmaceuticals, Steffen Kreye, Rainer Stahn
Up And Down Scale Considerations For The Continuous Production Of Glycooptimized Biopharmaceuticals, Steffen Kreye, Rainer Stahn
Integrated Continuous Biomanufacturing III
Product quality especially with respect to glycosylation is a critical product attribute which can have an immense influence on the activity of glycoproteins and should be closely monitored during process development and manufacturing. GlycoExpressTM cells have been developed in this context to provide human host cell lines with robust glycosylation machineries. This work will address challenges in two case studies for up and down scaling of production processes with focus on product quality and continuous processing. In a first section, data of a process transfer from a 200 L stainless steel to a 1000 L single-use bioreactor for a continuous …
Bioprocess Intensification And Optimisation Using Macroscopic Predictive Models Of Cell Culture Processes, Bassem Ben Yahia, Mareike Harmsen, An-Vy Tran, Gwendal Gränicher, Boris Fessler, Elmar Heinzle
Bioprocess Intensification And Optimisation Using Macroscopic Predictive Models Of Cell Culture Processes, Bassem Ben Yahia, Mareike Harmsen, An-Vy Tran, Gwendal Gränicher, Boris Fessler, Elmar Heinzle
Integrated Continuous Biomanufacturing III
CHO cells, modeling, perfusion, ATF, segmented linear model
Optimizing Media For Perfusion Combining Predictive Scale-Down Models And Multivariate Approaches, Jochen Sieck, Christian Schultheiss, Pedro Felizardo
Optimizing Media For Perfusion Combining Predictive Scale-Down Models And Multivariate Approaches, Jochen Sieck, Christian Schultheiss, Pedro Felizardo
Integrated Continuous Biomanufacturing III
Perfusion medium development is complex and time-consuming. Thus, a methodology for efficient and cost effective development leading to a significant reduction of time to market is key in today's competitive market. Success in perfusion medium development depends strongly on the choice of optimization tools. Here a streamlined strategic approach to accentuate perfusion media development is presented by means of predictive scale down models and the application of Design of Experiments (DOE). The purpose of the study was to investigate the impact of 19 amino acids on productivity and growth of a CHO-K1 cell line in perfusion cell culture. A stepwise …
Conference Program, Suzanne Farid, Chetan Goudar, Paula Alves, Veena Warikoo
Conference Program, Suzanne Farid, Chetan Goudar, Paula Alves, Veena Warikoo
Integrated Continuous Biomanufacturing III
No abstract provided.
Clarification And Capture Of A Cho-Derived Monoclonal Antibody Through Flocculation And Aex Processes, Rimenys J. Carvalho, Leda Castilho
Clarification And Capture Of A Cho-Derived Monoclonal Antibody Through Flocculation And Aex Processes, Rimenys J. Carvalho, Leda Castilho
Integrated Continuous Biomanufacturing III
Flocculants have been widely used in the food and chemical industry, as well as in wastewater clarification. More recently, studies have shown the applicability of these agents in the clarification of mammalian cell suspensions as an alternative e.g. to centrifugation and microfiltration1,2. Flocculants present several advantages such as low cost, process simplicity and facility to run under continuous mode. On the other hand, some flocculants have shown toxicity and thus their total clearance has to be demonstrated. In this work, the cationic flocculants chitosan and poly diallyldimethylammonium chloride (PDADMAC) have been investigated and compared for the clarification of suspensions of …
Development And Application Of Screening Scale Bioreactor Systems For Very High Cell Density Perfusion Of Mammalian Cells, Caijuan Zhan, Hubert Schwarz, Magnus Lundqvist, Atefeh Shokri, Ray Field, Richard Turner, Mathias Uhlén, Johan Rockberg, Veronique Chotteau
Development And Application Of Screening Scale Bioreactor Systems For Very High Cell Density Perfusion Of Mammalian Cells, Caijuan Zhan, Hubert Schwarz, Magnus Lundqvist, Atefeh Shokri, Ray Field, Richard Turner, Mathias Uhlén, Johan Rockberg, Veronique Chotteau
Integrated Continuous Biomanufacturing III
The development of cultivation processes can be significantly more efficient and cost effective when performed in parallel screening systems operated at small scale. Although perfusion systems at screening scale have been proposed, none of them enables a real mimic of very high cell density perfusion bioreactors. The latter is however important to maximize the performance of processes at 80, 100 x 106 cells/mL, or higher cell densities, in particular to optimize the nutrient supply and feeding regime. The purpose of the present work was to develop such a system and to apply it to perfusion optimization. Chinese Hamster Ovary cells …
Continuous Gas Processing Without Bubbles Using Thin Liquid Film Bioreactors Containing Biocomposite Biocatalysts, Michael C. Flickinger, Orlin D. Velev, Mark J. Schulte, Adam Wallace, Christopher Duran, Nilay Chakraborty, Michael Guarnieri, Kamelia Boodhoo
Continuous Gas Processing Without Bubbles Using Thin Liquid Film Bioreactors Containing Biocomposite Biocatalysts, Michael C. Flickinger, Orlin D. Velev, Mark J. Schulte, Adam Wallace, Christopher Duran, Nilay Chakraborty, Michael Guarnieri, Kamelia Boodhoo
Integrated Continuous Biomanufacturing III
Continuous microbial gas processing without bubbles is possible with thin liquid film, plug flow bioreactors. We have demonstrated that power input can be minimized by using a falling liquid film operating under laminar wavy flow conditions (Re <200) in contact with highly concentrated living, non-growing microbes stabilized in a porous biocomposite biocatalyst. This composite materials approach to continuous gas processing can dramatically increase mass transfer rates >100 fold compared to bubble aeration, decrease process volume, significantly decrease gas-liquid mass transfer energy input, decrease water use, and increase secreted product concentration. We have shown that this approach can also increase microbial specific activity for some organisms compared to microbes suspended in liquid media. Paper-based biocomposite biocatalysts provide a rough hydrophilic surface resulting in uniform ~300 μm thick falling liquid films. …
Novel Ir-X Thermal Protection Coatings Designed For Extreme Aerodynamic Heating Environment, Kaili Zhang, Yicong Ye, Li`An Zhu, Shuxin Bai
Novel Ir-X Thermal Protection Coatings Designed For Extreme Aerodynamic Heating Environment, Kaili Zhang, Yicong Ye, Li`An Zhu, Shuxin Bai
Ultra-High Temperature Ceramics: Materials for Extreme Environment Applications IV
Due to the rapid evaporation of SiO2 protective layer, most Si-containing oxidation resistant coatings could not withstand a temperature above 1800℃, which is not enough for hypersonic voyage in upper atmosphere. With a higher melting point (2440℃) and lower oxygen permeability（10-20g·m-1·s-1）, iridium is supposed to be a promising coating material for ultra-high temperature applications. However, Iridium has a low emissivity ε(0.017 for 2.5-25μm) and high recombination coefficient γ(0.64 at 1200℃) of atomic oxygen, resulting in a much higher thermal response compared with the ceramic materials under the same aerodynamic environment. To solve this …
Cost Modeling Of An Integrated, Continuous Downstream Mab Platform, Mark Schofield
Cost Modeling Of An Integrated, Continuous Downstream Mab Platform, Mark Schofield
Integrated Continuous Biomanufacturing III
Continuous manufacturing offers great potential for reducing costs in biopharmaceutical production through process intensification. However, adoption of new manufacturing methods and technologies is dependent on proof that the risk is worth the reward. Here Pall Life Science’s integrated, continuous downstream mAb platform is modeled in BioSolve Process. Supporting information is generated from a real, PD scale continuous platform. Perfusion and traditional fed batch cell culture processes are also modeled in both stainless steel and single-use forms. The cost associated with these three downstream strategies are compared across a range of bioreactor volumes, titers, and number of batches per year. This …
Conference Program, Jon Binner, Bill Lee
Conference Program, Jon Binner, Bill Lee
Ultra-High Temperature Ceramics: Materials for Extreme Environment Applications IV
No abstract provided.
Development Of A Scale Down Toolbox For Perfusion Process Development, Jean-Marc Bielser
Development Of A Scale Down Toolbox For Perfusion Process Development, Jean-Marc Bielser
Integrated Continuous Biomanufacturing III
Background and novelty Merck KGaA has a legacy of perfusion manufacturing processes with several commercial products that were developed in the 90s. These processes were developed for adherent cell systems. Since then, with the advances in media design and the monoclonal antibody driven portfolio, development efforts have been focusing on fed-batch with suspended cells. Recently and as many players in the biomanufacturing industry, Merck is working on the development of an integrated continuous process. To support this effort a process development platform for perfusion cell culture needs to be developed. Process development for fed-batch is clearly defined and scale down …
Novel Concepts For Efficient And Predictable Membrane Separation In Continuous Cell Retention And Downstream Processing, Ulrich Kulozik, Martin Hartinger, Maria Weinberger
Novel Concepts For Efficient And Predictable Membrane Separation In Continuous Cell Retention And Downstream Processing, Ulrich Kulozik, Martin Hartinger, Maria Weinberger
Integrated Continuous Biomanufacturing III
Membranes are applied in biotechnological operations for sterile filtration, cell retention during continuous oper-ation, and cell separation as the first step after fermentation. Membranes are also in use in various steps during purification and isolation of certain target components. In all applications the retained substances, mainly bio-genic material such as cells, protein or polysaccharides, form a deposited layer at the membrane surface. This layer acts as an often dominating secondary membrane, which affects the permeability of the whole system more than the membrane as such. Thus, predictability, efficiency and consistency of all affected processing steps are impaired, which might create …
Supervisory Control Of Integrated Continuous Downstream Processes, Bernt Nilsson, Anton Löfgren, Joaquin Gomis Fons, Niklas Andersson, Lotta Berghard
Supervisory Control Of Integrated Continuous Downstream Processes, Bernt Nilsson, Anton Löfgren, Joaquin Gomis Fons, Niklas Andersson, Lotta Berghard
Integrated Continuous Biomanufacturing III
Smart downstream processing can be performed with a sequence of integrated purification steps, which minimize the number of storage tanks and reduce hold-up time. The result is an integrated unit operation sequence that performs straight through processing of the target protein, with minimal time from expression to formulation. This downstream processing technique is well suited to be connected to a continuous upstream process based on perfusion. To develop these kinds of processes it is important to do studies in small-scale in a convenient way. This paper presents a methodology for supervisory control of integrated continuous downstream processes in lab-scale. A …
Process Analytical Technology (Pat) In Continuous Bioprocessing, Edita Botonjic-Sehic
Process Analytical Technology (Pat) In Continuous Bioprocessing, Edita Botonjic-Sehic
Integrated Continuous Biomanufacturing III
In recent years biotech companies have been emphasizing on the implementation and utilization of process analytical technology (PAT) in continuous bioprocessing. An overview of PAT concepts for biotech processes with emphasis on integrated continuous bioprocessing and production of monoclonal antibodies will be presented. Biotech processes consist of several unit operations, with each unit operation serving a defined purpose. For some of the product quality attributes, a certain level of redundancy in the process is expected. The need for appropriate control of each step and continuous evaluation of its performance is of great importance. The objective of commonly used unit operations …
The Gmo/Ge Debate, Joanna K. Sax
The Gmo/Ge Debate, Joanna K. Sax
Texas A&M Law Review
We live longer and healthier lives because advances in science create easier and better ways to sustain and survive. Society has an intricate relationship with biotechnology. Vaccines save lives. Fluoridated water decreases dental issues. Antibiotics treat bacterial infections. Nuclear power is a form of clean energy. With any emerging technology, the benefits do not exist in a vacuum, thus, negative consequences result as well. Our widespread uses of antibiotics are creating antibiotic-resistant strains of bacteria. Our research into nuclear energy also facilitated the creation of nuclear bombs. Perhaps it is human nature to use scientific advances for good and for …
Cyclic Compression Behavior Of Concrete-Filled Hybrid Large Rupture Strain Frp Tube, Monika Nain, Mohanad M. Abdulazeez, Mohamed Elgawady
Cyclic Compression Behavior Of Concrete-Filled Hybrid Large Rupture Strain Frp Tube, Monika Nain, Mohanad M. Abdulazeez, Mohamed Elgawady
Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
This paper experimentally investigates the behavior of concrete-filled-fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) cylinders under cyclic axial compression. The FRP used in this study were either large rupture strain FRP (LRS-FRP) or hybrid LRS-FRP and conventional glass FRP (GFRP). LRS-FRP are manufactured out of polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) obtained from recycled plastics. Hence, they are much cheaper and environment-friendly than conventional GFRP or carbon FRP (CFRP). LRS-FRPs has high tensile rupture strain (usually greater than 5%) compared to 1-2% for GFRP and CFRP. This study presents the results of 4 specimens with different confinement ratios to investigate the behavior of …
Torsional Behavior Of Hollow-Core Frp-Concrete-Steel Bridge Columns, Sujith Anumolu, Omar I. Abdelkarim, Mohanad M. Abdulazeez, Ahmed Gheni, Mohamed Elgawady
Torsional Behavior Of Hollow-Core Frp-Concrete-Steel Bridge Columns, Sujith Anumolu, Omar I. Abdelkarim, Mohanad M. Abdulazeez, Ahmed Gheni, Mohamed Elgawady
Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
This paper presents the behavior of hollow-core fiber reinforced polymer-concrete-steel (HC-FCS) column under pure torsion loading with constant axial load. The HCFCS consists of outer FRP tube and inner steel tube with concrete shell sandwiched between the two tubes. The FRP tube was stopped at the surface of the footing and provided confinement to the concrete shell from outer direction. The steel tube was embedded into the footing to a length of 1.8 times to the diameter of the steel tube. The longitudinal and transversal reinforcements of the column were provided by the steel tube only. A large-scale HC-FCS column …
Nonlinear Analysis Of Hollow-Core Composite Building Columns, Mohanad M. Abdulazeez, Mohamed Elgawady
Nonlinear Analysis Of Hollow-Core Composite Building Columns, Mohanad M. Abdulazeez, Mohamed Elgawady
Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
This paper numerically investigates the behavior of hollow-core fiber-reinforced polymer-concrete-steel (HC-FCS) building columns under combined axial compression and flexural loadings. The HC-FCS column for buildings consists of an outer circular fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) tube, an inner square steel tube, and a concrete wall between them. A three-dimensional numerical model has been developed using LS_DYNA software for modeling of large scale HC-FCS columns. The nonlinear FE models were designed and validated against experimental results gathered from HC-FCS columns tested under cyclic lateral loading. The FE results were in decent agreement with the experimental backbone curves. These models subsequently were used to …
Compensating For Cryogenic Propellant Boiloff For A Cargo Mission To Mars, Thomas M. Perrin, James Casler
Compensating For Cryogenic Propellant Boiloff For A Cargo Mission To Mars, Thomas M. Perrin, James Casler
Space Studies Faculty Publications
A previous work by the authors (Architecture Study for a Fuel Depot Supplied from Lunar Resources – AIAA 2016-5306) examined architectures for a fuel depot supplied from lunar ice deposits. The study recommended a fuel depot be located at Earth-Moon L1. The study used three design reference missions in the formulation of candidate architectures – among them a Mars Cargo Vehicle (MCV). Each vehicle used 60 layers of multi-layer insulation (MLI) to minimize the boiloff of cryogenic propellants. Boiloff was shown to not be a driver in architecture selection, but it was noted that reducing the number of layers of …
Cyberinfrastructure For Advancing Hydrologic Knowledge Through Collaborative Integration Of Data Science, Modeling And Analysis, David Tarboton
Cyberinfrastructure For Advancing Hydrologic Knowledge Through Collaborative Integration Of Data Science, Modeling And Analysis, David Tarboton
Funded Research Records
No abstract provided.
Drones For Commercial Last-Mile Deliveries: A Discussion Of Logistical, Environmental, And Economic Trade-Offs, Miguel Figliozzi
Drones For Commercial Last-Mile Deliveries: A Discussion Of Logistical, Environmental, And Economic Trade-Offs, Miguel Figliozzi
Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations
There are no studies that model the potential effectiveness of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) or drones to reduce CO2e lifecycle (including both utilization and vehicle phase) emissions when compared to conventional diesel vans, electric trucks, electric vans, and tricycles. This study presents a novel analysis of lifecycle UAV and ground commercial vehicles CO2e emissions.
Characterization And Scaling Study Of Energy Pathways In Small Four-Stroke Internal Combustion Engines, Jason R. Blantin
Characterization And Scaling Study Of Energy Pathways In Small Four-Stroke Internal Combustion Engines, Jason R. Blantin
Theses and Dissertations
A study of the efficiency and energy losses of a selection of five small (40 - 200 cm3 displacement) single cylinder, four-stroke engines was accomplished. The study was performed as part of a larger effort to improve the range and endurance of small internal combustion engines (ICE) that power Group II Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). Little is known about the performance, efficiency, and allocation of energy losses for four-stroke ICEs in this size range. The goal of the study was to characterize these parameters for use in future research efforts. Three research objectives were developed to guide the study …
When Big Data Gets Too Big
SIGNED: The Magazine of The Hong Kong Design Institute
Computer modelling has long been used as a design tool, and big data is a massive resource on which to build these models. But when the datasets get too big for computers to handle, innovative design solutions are needed. And the urge to play has driven technology forward
Engineered Surfaces To Control Secondary Electron Yield For Multipactor Suppression, James M. Sattler
Engineered Surfaces To Control Secondary Electron Yield For Multipactor Suppression, James M. Sattler
Theses and Dissertations
A significant problem for satellites, vacuum electron devices, and particle accelerators is multipactor: an avalanche of electrons caused by recurring secondary electron emission (SEE) in a time-varying electric field. The consequences of multipactor range from temporary to permanent device failure. This research studied how surface topography can be engineered to minimize SEE and suppress multipactor. Two new semi-empirical models (one based on a 2D pore, the other based on a 3D pore) were developed to predict the secondary electron yield (SEY) of a porous surface based on pore aspect ratio and porosity. The models were validated with experimental SEY measurements …
Effect Of Fused Filament Fabrication Process Parameters On The Mechanical Properties Of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers, Abdulrahman S. Alwabel
Effect Of Fused Filament Fabrication Process Parameters On The Mechanical Properties Of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers, Abdulrahman S. Alwabel
Theses and Dissertations
Carbon fiber reinforced polymer manufactured using additive manufacturing process is relatively a new process. The ability to predict the mechanical properties of these parts with high confidence will spread the use of these high-strength materials in more applications. The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of the build time between successive layers, arrangement of fiber and nylon layers, fiber start location, and the use of support material on the mechanical properties CFRP produced by additive manufacturing process using the MarkForged (MarkOne) 3D printer. A design of experiment (DOE) we preformed to develop a mathematical model describing the …
Evaluating Process Improvement Courses Of Action Through Modeling And Simulation, Joseph R. Owens
Evaluating Process Improvement Courses Of Action Through Modeling And Simulation, Joseph R. Owens
Theses and Dissertations
Quantifying an expected improvement when considering moderate-complexity changes to a process is time consuming and has potential to overlook stochastic effects. By modeling a process as a Numerical Design Structure Matrix (NDSM), simulating the proposed changes, and evaluating performance, quantification can be rapidly accomplished to understand stochastic effects. This thesis explores a method to evaluate complex process changes within Six Sigma DMAIC process improvement to identify the most desirable outcome amongst several improvement options. A tool to perform the modeling and evaluation is developed. This process evaluation tool is verified for functionality, then is demonstrated against generic processes, a case …