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Articles 66901 - 66930 of 75096

Full-Text Articles in Engineering

Reversible Complexation Of O2 To (Meso-Tetraphenylporphyrinato)Cobalt(Ii) Plasma Polymer And Sublimed Films At Room Temperature, J. M. Skelly, Nicholas C. Morosoff, V. T. Stannett, A. L. Crumbliss Jan 1993

Reversible Complexation Of O2 To (Meso-Tetraphenylporphyrinato)Cobalt(Ii) Plasma Polymer And Sublimed Films At Room Temperature, J. M. Skelly, Nicholas C. Morosoff, V. T. Stannett, A. L. Crumbliss

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

No abstract provided.

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Postbuckling And Hysteresis Models Of Open-Web Girders, Jeng Fuh Ger, Franklin Y. Cheng Jan 1993

Postbuckling And Hysteresis Models Of Open-Web Girders, Jeng Fuh Ger, Franklin Y. Cheng

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The paper presents analytical studies of hysteretic behavior of open-web girders with angle web members. The partial inelasticity of the member cross section is traced using finite segment formulation with stress-strain control. A member is divided into a number of segments, and, for each segment, the cross section is divided into many small elements, which allows the inelastic deformation of the member to be modeled. Therefore, member stiffness is established for various inelastic deformation stages. The eccentricities and initial imperfections of web members are considered in the analysis. Good agreement between experimental and present analytical results was found for individual …

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Analog Chips And Intelligent Vehicles, J. G. Harris Jan 1993

Analog Chips And Intelligent Vehicles, J. G. Harris

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Numerous digital-based sensor systems have been demonstrated on intelligent vehicles but only the most rudimentary experiments have been attempted with analog VLSI chips in real-world environments. The most significant factor in the choice between analog and digital approaches to sensory processing in intelligent vehicles will be the cost of mass production. If analog sensors can be designed with enough speed, resolution and accuracy to solve sensory processing tasks, then the low-cost of mass production ensures that analog circuits will be the technology of choice for future generations of smart sensors. Current analog VLSI sensors do not have enough resolution and …

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Robust Control Of Flexible Structures Using Multiple Shape Memory Alloy Actuators, R. Lashlee, R. Butler, Vittal S. Rao, F. Kern Jan 1993

Robust Control Of Flexible Structures Using Multiple Shape Memory Alloy Actuators, R. Lashlee, R. Butler, Vittal S. Rao, F. Kern

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The design and implementation of control strategies for large, flexible smart structures presents challenging problems. To demonstrate the capabilities of shape-memory-alloy actuators, we have designed and fabricated a three-mass test article with multiple shape-memory-alloy (NiTiNOL) actuators. The force and moment actuators were implemented on the structure to examine the effects of control structure interaction and to increase actuation force. These SMA actuators exhibit nonlinear effects due to dead band and saturation. The first step in the modeling process was the experimental determination of the transfer function matrix derived from frequency response data. A minimal state space representation was determined based …

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Lightning Arrester Failure And Ferroresonance On A Distribution System, L. J. Bohmann, J. Mcdaniel, Eldon Keith Stanek Jan 1993

Lightning Arrester Failure And Ferroresonance On A Distribution System, L. J. Bohmann, J. Mcdaniel, Eldon Keith Stanek

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Since 1987 the Upper Peninsula Power Company (UPPCO) has been experiencing a large number of lightning arrester failures on a portion of their distribution system in southern Marquette County, Michigan. It was in the area of the Navy's Extremely Low Frequency (ELF) antenna where the distribution system had been recently reconfigured so that the transformers were connected line-to-line in order to eliminate interference from the antenna. A study was done which determined that the system was susceptible to ferro resonance during single line faults under lightly loaded conditions and that the overvoltage's experienced could be causing the lightning arrester failures. …

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Efficient Simulation Of Multicarrier Digital Communication Systems In Nonlinear Channel Environments, Kevin W. Schneider, William H. Tranter Jan 1993

Efficient Simulation Of Multicarrier Digital Communication Systems In Nonlinear Channel Environments, Kevin W. Schneider, William H. Tranter

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The effectiveness of computer simulation as a tool for the design and analysis of communication systems is often limited by the long execution times required for many simulations. When simulating multicarrier digital communication systems operating over nonlinear channels, the required high sampling rate contributes significantly to long execution times. A new method that reduces the sampling rate of simulations of such systems is developed. This Partial Sum of Products (ParSOP) method reduces the sampling rate by generating only the intermodulation products that lie in a frequency band of interest. The ParSOP method requires that the bandpass nonlinearity be represented by …

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Advanced Graphics Zoom In On Operations, Max Darwin Anderson, Hardy J. Pottinger, C. M. Schroeder Jan 1993

Advanced Graphics Zoom In On Operations, Max Darwin Anderson, Hardy J. Pottinger, C. M. Schroeder

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

No abstract provided.

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Battery Energy Storage Technologies, Max Darwin Anderson, Dodd S. Carr Jan 1993

Battery Energy Storage Technologies, Max Darwin Anderson, Dodd S. Carr

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Battery energy storage systems, comprising lead-acid batteries, power conversion systems, and control systems, are in commercial operation around the world. They are used by three main groups: power generating utilities; power distributing utilities; and major power consumers (such as electric furnace foundries). The principal advantages of battery energy storage systems to generating utilities include load leveling; frequency control; spinning reserve; modular construction; convenient siting; no emissions; and investment deferral for new generation and transmission equipment. Power distributing utilities and major power consumers can avoid costly demand changes by discharging their batteries at peak periods and then recharging with lower cost …

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Emc Applications Of Emap-2: A 3d Finite Element Modeling Code, Todd H. Hubing, M. Ali Jan 1993

Emc Applications Of Emap-2: A 3d Finite Element Modeling Code, Todd H. Hubing, M. Ali

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

EMAP-2, a 3-D finite element modeling code that can be used to model simple printed circuit board configurations, is discussed. It is a true full-wave field solver designed to be used for education or research. EMAP-2 is written in the C programming language. The code, its capabilities, and its limitations are described. Two examples illustrate how the code can be applied to problems of particular interest to EMC (electromagnetic compatibility) engineers.

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Modeling Of Intra-Cell Defects In Cmos Sram, Waleed K. Al-Assadi, Y. K. Malaiya, A. P. Jayasumana Jan 1993

Modeling Of Intra-Cell Defects In Cmos Sram, Waleed K. Al-Assadi, Y. K. Malaiya, A. P. Jayasumana

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The effect of defects within a single cell of a static random access memory (SRAM) is examined. All major types of faults, including bridging, transistor stuck-open and stuck-on, are examined. A significant fraction of all faults cause high IDDQ values to be observed. Faults leading to inter-cell coupling are identified.

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A New Technique To Decompose Closely Spaced Interface And Bulk Trap States Using Temperature Dependent Pulse-Width Deep Level Transient Spectroscopy Method: An Application To Pt/Cds Photodetector, C. W. Wang, Cheng-Hsiao Wu, Jack L. Boone Jan 1993

A New Technique To Decompose Closely Spaced Interface And Bulk Trap States Using Temperature Dependent Pulse-Width Deep Level Transient Spectroscopy Method: An Application To Pt/Cds Photodetector, C. W. Wang, Cheng-Hsiao Wu, Jack L. Boone

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A novel method is presented here to experimentally decompose nonexponential capacitive transients into the appropriate components from the closely spaced deep trap states. Using temperature dependent pulse-width deep level transient spectroscopy (TDP-DLTS) technique, we show for the first time that two bulk trap states and one continuously distributed interface states in (Pt/CdS) photodiodes can be successfully separated. The basic principle is to set the applied pulse width to follow an averaged temperature-dependent capture time constant and divide the DLTS spectrum. In the example of Pt/CdS photodiodes, we show that all physical parameters including thermal activation energies, capture cross sections, and …

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An Overview Of Acerc Research In Fuel Characterization And Reaction Mechanisms, Ronald J. Pugmire, Thomas H. Fletcher Jan 1993

An Overview Of Acerc Research In Fuel Characterization And Reaction Mechanisms, Ronald J. Pugmire, Thomas H. Fletcher

Faculty Publications

A major objective of the Advanced Combustion Engineering Research Center is the development and verification of data on fuel characterization and reaction mechanisms and rates that can be incorporated into submodels for use in the comprehensive combustion codes. As technology has advanced, the levels of analytical sophistication has also advanced, making it possible to augment the existing body of information with new data. From this new data it is possible to draw new insights regarding the complex nature of coal and the various processes associated with combustion. The ACERC program has made it possible to bring different disciplines together to …

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Overview Of Acerc Comprehensive Model Development, Thomas H. Fletcher, Scott C. Hill Jan 1993

Overview Of Acerc Comprehensive Model Development, Thomas H. Fletcher, Scott C. Hill

Faculty Publications

A major objective of the Advanced Combustion Engineering Research Center (ACERC) is the development of comprehensive combustion models to help in the solution of critical national combustion problems. Computer models incorporate research and technology results from center projects and from external research programs. The synergistic integration of scientific knowledge that is expected from the NSF engineering research centers is demonstrated to a great extent at ACERC by the development of these software tools. The transfer of technology from ACERC to industry is also accomplished in part by the implementation of the models at industrial firms. The effort to develop such …

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Inclined-Field Structure, Morphology, And Pinning Of The Vortex Lattice In Microtwinned Yba2cu3o7, B. Keimer, F. Doǧan, I. A. Aksay, R. W. Erwin, J. W. Lynn, M. Sarikaya Jan 1993

Inclined-Field Structure, Morphology, And Pinning Of The Vortex Lattice In Microtwinned Yba2cu3o7, B. Keimer, F. Doǧan, I. A. Aksay, R. W. Erwin, J. W. Lynn, M. Sarikaya

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A detailed small-angle neutron scattering study of the vortex lattice in a single crystal of YBa2Cu3O7 was made for a field of 0.5 tesla inclined at angles between 0 and 80 degrees to the crystalline c axis. The vortex lattice is triangular for all angles, and for angles less than or equal to 70 degrees its orientation adjusts itself to maximize the pinning energy to densely and highly regularly spaced twin planes. These observations have important implications for the microscopic flux-pinning mechanism, and hence for the critical current achievable in YBa2Cu3O7. For large angles (about 80 degrees) the vortex lattice …

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On The Use Of Levy's Method For Symmetrically Laminated Composite Plates, Serge Abrate Jan 1993

On The Use Of Levy's Method For Symmetrically Laminated Composite Plates, Serge Abrate

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

For rectangular plates with two opposite edges simply supported and no bending twisting coupling, Levy's method can yield exact solutions for static deflections, free vibrations and buckling loads. However, three distinct solutions are obtained, depending on the relative magnitude of the plate rigidities, which in turn are functions of material properties, laminate thickness and lay-up. In this communication a stiffness invariant formulation is used to identify those laminates which fall under the three cases defined. © 1993.

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Detection Of Skin Tumor Boundaries In Color Images, Fikret Erçal, M. Moganti, William V. Stoecker, Randy Hays Moss Jan 1993

Detection Of Skin Tumor Boundaries In Color Images, Fikret Erçal, M. Moganti, William V. Stoecker, Randy Hays Moss

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

A simple and yet effective method for finding the borders of tumors is presented as an initial step towards the diagnosis of skin tumors from their color images. The method makes use of an adaptive color metric from the red, green, and blue planes that contains information for discriminating the tumor from the background. Using this suitable coordinate transformation, the image is segmented. The tumor portion is then extracted from the segmented image and borders are drawn. Experimental results that verify the effectiveness of this approach are given

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Use Of Storage Elements As Primitives For Modeling Faults In Synchronous Sequential Circuits, Waleed K. Al-Assadi, Y. K. Malaiya, A. P. Jayasumana Jan 1993

Use Of Storage Elements As Primitives For Modeling Faults In Synchronous Sequential Circuits, Waleed K. Al-Assadi, Y. K. Malaiya, A. P. Jayasumana

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

No abstract provided.

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Artificial Intelligence Applied To Detection Of Melanoma, Arve Kjoelen, Scott E. Umbaugh, William V. Stoecker, Randy Hays Moss Jan 1993

Artificial Intelligence Applied To Detection Of Melanoma, Arve Kjoelen, Scott E. Umbaugh, William V. Stoecker, Randy Hays Moss

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

No abstract provided.

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A Fast Converging, Low Complexity Adaptive Filtering Algorithm, Steven L. Grant Jan 1993

A Fast Converging, Low Complexity Adaptive Filtering Algorithm, Steven L. Grant

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This paper introduces a new adaptive filtering algorithm called fast affine projections (FAP). Its main attributes include RLS (recursive least squares) like convergence and tracking with NLMS (normalized least mean squares) like complexity. This mix of complexity and performance is similar to the recently introduced fast Newton transversal filter (FNTF) algorithm. While FAP shares some similar properties with FNTF it is derived from a different perspective, namely the generalization of the affine projection interpretation of NLMS. FAP relies on a sliding windowed fast RLS (FRLS) algorithm to generate forward and backward prediction vectors and expected prediction error energies. Since sliding …

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Faulty Behavior Of Storage Elements And Its Effects On Sequential Circuits, Waleed K. Al-Assadi, Y. K. Malaiya, A. P. Jayasumana Jan 1993

Faulty Behavior Of Storage Elements And Its Effects On Sequential Circuits, Waleed K. Al-Assadi, Y. K. Malaiya, A. P. Jayasumana

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

It is often assumed that the faults in storage elements (SEs) can be modeled as output/input stuck-at faults of the element. They are implicitly considered equivalent to the stuck-at faults in the combinational logic surrounding the SE cells. Transistor-level faults in common SEs are examined here. A more accurate higher level fault model for elementary SEs that better represents the physical failures is presented. It is shown that a minimal (stuck-at) model may be adequate if only modest fault coverage is desired. The enhanced model includes some common fault behaviors of SEs that are not covered by the minimal fault …

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Neural Networks In The Former Soviet Union, Donald C. Wunsch Jan 1993

Neural Networks In The Former Soviet Union, Donald C. Wunsch

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

No abstract provided.

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Permeation Of Several Gases Through Elastomers, With Emphasis On The Deuterium/Hydrogen Pair, M. (Mark) W. Fitch, W. J. Koros, R. L. Nolen, J. R. Carnes Jan 1993

Permeation Of Several Gases Through Elastomers, With Emphasis On The Deuterium/Hydrogen Pair, M. (Mark) W. Fitch, W. J. Koros, R. L. Nolen, J. R. Carnes

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The Diffusion and Permeation Coefficients for He, H2, D2, O2, and N2 in a Variety of Elastomers Were Measured by Simple Manometric Methods. the Elastomers Studied Were Butyl Rubber; Hypalon® 40 and 45; Viton® E60 and GF; Hydrin® 100 and Filled Hydrin® 100; Kraton® G, FG, and KG VTEOS; EPDM; Epoxidized Natural Rubber; and Neoprene. Consistent with Earlier Studies, Elastomers with Higher Glass Transition Temperatures Exhibited Lower Diffusion Coefficients. the Ratio of Diffusion Coefficients of the Hydrogen Isotope Pair Differed from the Purely Molecular‐weight‐based Prediction. Deuterium's Slightly Smaller Size Relative to Hydrogen is Consistent with Observed Deviations from the Molecular‐weight‐based …

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Mineralization And Uptake Of Triazine Pesticide In Soil-Plant Systems, Dhileepan R. Nair, Joel G. (Gerard) Burken, Louis A. Licht, Jerald L. Schnoor Jan 1993

Mineralization And Uptake Of Triazine Pesticide In Soil-Plant Systems, Dhileepan R. Nair, Joel G. (Gerard) Burken, Louis A. Licht, Jerald L. Schnoor

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Deep-Rooted Trees Planted as a Buffer Zone Can Intercept Runoff and Eroded Sediments, Thus Reducing Non-Point-Source Pollution Due to Agricultural Chemicals. in This Study, Populus Sp. Were Grown in Bioreactors with an Agricultural Soil (Silt-Loam) and in a Silica-Sand Media; Both Were Spiked with 14C Uniformly Ring-Labeled Atrazine. the Plants Took Up over 11% of the 14C Labeled Atrazine Applied to the Silt-Loam Soil and over 91% of that Applied to the Silica Sand Media, with the Majority of the 14C Accumulating as Nonphytotoxic Metabolites in the Leaves. Research Suggests that, in Addition to Nutrient Uptake, Poplar …

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Computed Versus Observed Inelastic Seismic Low-Rise Rc Shear Walls, Franklin Y. Cheng, G. E. Mertz, M. S. Sheu, J. F. Ger Jan 1993

Computed Versus Observed Inelastic Seismic Low-Rise Rc Shear Walls, Franklin Y. Cheng, G. E. Mertz, M. S. Sheu, J. F. Ger

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A technique of calculating inelastic deformation of low-rise shear walls having height-width ratios of 0.5 and 0.75 without boundary elements is presented with consideration of the coupling effect for bending and shear deformations as well as the deformation due to base rotation. An interaction surface of moment, shear, and curvature or moment, shear, and shear strain is developed. The deflections at crack, yield, and ultimate loadings can be calculated separately from bending and shear deformations, which are compared favorably with experimental results. The shear deformation is significant for the low-rise walls studied because the deformation due to bending deformation is …

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Behavior Of Arc Spot Weld Connections In Tension, Roger A. Laboube, Wei-Wen Yu Jan 1993

Behavior Of Arc Spot Weld Connections In Tension, Roger A. Laboube, Wei-Wen Yu

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Arc spot welds, commonly called puddle welds, are widely used for connecting cold-formed steel roof decks to their supporting members. These support members are typically hot-rolled steel beams or girders, or the top chord of open-web steel joists. A comprehensive experimental study of the tension strength of arc spot weld connections used to affix a cold-formed steel roof deck to its support member was conducted. The study investigated the key parameters that influence the connection strength: Steel thickness, tensile strength, and ductility; type of weld process, automatic or manual; cross section of the roof deck; loading condition, symmetrical or eccentric …

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Simplified Strength Prediction For Cold-Formed C- And Z-Shapes, Roger A. Laboube Jan 1993

Simplified Strength Prediction For Cold-Formed C- And Z-Shapes, Roger A. Laboube

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Although cold-formed steel C- and Z-shaped members possess a very favorable strength-to-weight ratio, are easily fabricated and erected, and offer a cost-effective structural design solution, they can be highly susceptible to local buckling. To adequately address the impact of the local buckling limit state, a complex, time-consuming design office effort may be required. Therefore, to facilitate the design of such shapes, a study was conducted that focused on developing relatively simple, easy-to-apply design guidelines. The design guidelines address the behavior of cold-formed steel C- and Z-shaped members when used as either a flexural member or a compression member. Both edge-stiffened …

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Collapse Behavior Of Pino Suarez Building During 1985 Mexico City Earthquake, Jeng Fuh Ger, Franklin Y. Cheng, Le Wu Lu Jan 1993

Collapse Behavior Of Pino Suarez Building During 1985 Mexico City Earthquake, Jeng Fuh Ger, Franklin Y. Cheng, Le Wu Lu

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This paper presents the investigation of the collapse behavior of a 22-story steel building during the September 19, 1985, Mexico City earthquake by studying hysteretic behavior, ductility factors of individual structural components, and overall instability of the building. Extensive inelastic analyses have been performed for the building by using the multicomponent seismic input of actual Mexico City earthquake records. It was found that the structural response exceeds the original design ductility of this building, and most girders in the building have severe inelastic deformation. Due to the load redistribution that results from ductile girder failure, local buckling occurred in many …

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Postbreakage Behavior Of Heat Strengthened Laminated Glass Under Wind Effects, Chris P. Pantelides, Amy D. Horst, Joseph E. Minor Jan 1993

Postbreakage Behavior Of Heat Strengthened Laminated Glass Under Wind Effects, Chris P. Pantelides, Amy D. Horst, Joseph E. Minor

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Results of a full-scale experimental investigation into the post breakage behavior of heat-strengthened laminated glass subjected to windstorm effects are presented. Two different interlayer constructions and two different glazing configurations are examined. The two interlayer constructions are a PVB polymer and a PVB/PET/PBV composite polymer. The two glazing configurations are a conventional dry glazed system and an unconventional system with a silicone anchor bead. Two test criteria are established that relate to effects of a severe windstorm. The first criterion addresses impact with windborne debris; the second defines a wind-load spectrum that represents a severe windstorm of a 4-hr duration. …

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Structural Behavior Of Architectural Laminated Glass, R. A. Belir, Joseph E. Minor, H. S. Norville Jan 1993

Structural Behavior Of Architectural Laminated Glass, R. A. Belir, Joseph E. Minor, H. S. Norville

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Experimental and theoretical investigations conducted over a 20-year time period by several investigators provide sufficient data and information to define, for practical engineering purposes, the behavior of architectural laminated glass under lateral pressures. Investigations included definitions of material properties, theoretical stress analyses, experimental stress analyses, and destructive tests involving monolithic, laminated, and "layered" glass plates of several geometries. The preponderance of data and information indicate that: (1) Architectural laminated glass behaves in a manner similar to monolithic glass of the same nominal thickness under short-term lateral pressures (representative of wind loads) at and below room temperature; (2) the temperature at …

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An Optoelectronic Implementation Of The Adaptive Resonance Neural Network, Donald C. Wunsch, T. P. Caudell, R. J. Marks, R. A. Falk, C. David Capps Jan 1993

An Optoelectronic Implementation Of The Adaptive Resonance Neural Network, Donald C. Wunsch, T. P. Caudell, R. J. Marks, R. A. Falk, C. David Capps

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A solution to the problem of implementation of the adaptive resonance theory (ART) of neural networks that uses an optical correlator which allows the large body of correlator research to be leveraged in the implementation of ART is presented. The implementation takes advantage of the fact that one ART-based architecture, known as ART1, can be broken into several parts, some of which are better to implement in parallel. The control structure of ART, often regarded as its most complex part, is actually not very time consuming and can be done in electronics. The bottom-up and top-down gated pathways, however, are …

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