Engineering Commons^™

Enhancing Groundwater Quality Assessment In Coastal Area: A Hybrid Modeling Approach, Md Galal Uddin, M M. Shah Porun Rana, Mir Talas Mahammad Diganta, Apoorva Bamal, Abdul Majed Sajib, Mohamed Abioui, Molla Rahman Shaibur, S M. Ashekuzzaman, Mohammad Reza Nikoo, Azizur Rahman, Md Moniruzzaman, Agnieszka I. Olbert

Publications

Monitoring of groundwater (GW) resources in coastal areas is vital for human needs, agriculture, ecosystems, securing water supply, biodiversity, and environmental sustainability. Although the utilization of water quality index (WQI) models has proven effective in monitoring GW resources, it has faced substantial criticism due to its inconsistent outcomes, prompting the need for more reliable assessment methods. Therefore, this study addressed this concern by employing the data-driven root mean squared (RMS) models to evaluate groundwater quality (GWQ) in the coastal Bhola district near the Bay of Bengal, Bangladesh. To enhance the reliability of the RMS-WQI model, the research incorporated …

Phosphorus Fertiliser Equivalent Value Of Dairy Processing Sludge-Derived Strubias Products Using Ryegrass (Lolium Perenne L.) And Spring Wheat (Triticum Aestivum), W Shi, Owen Fenton, S M. Ashekuzzaman, K Daly, J J. Leahy, N Khalaf, K Chojnacka, C Numviyimana, J Warchol, M G. Healy

Publications

Background

Struvite, biochar and ash products (collectively known as STRUBIAS) derived from different waste streams are used as fertilisers in agriculture. Raw dairy processing sludge (DPS) shows promise as bio-based fertilisers, but secondary STRUBIAS-derived products need further testing as fertilisers.

Aims

The objective of this study was to calculate the phosphorus mineral fertiliser equivalency (P-MFE) for some STRUBIAS products derived from DPS.

Methods

Ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) and wheat (Triticum aestivum) pot trials were used to determine the P-MFE using the apparent P recovery (APR) method for Fe-DPS and DPS-derived struvites (Struvite 1–4), hydrochars (HC1–3) and …

Enhancing Academic Performance And Psychological Well-Being Through Sound Vibration Reading: An Experimental Study, L. Yan, X. Xu, Man Hon, Billy Chow, S.S. Lai

Staff Publications

This study investigates the development and application of monitoring equipment for sound vibration in neuroscience, focusing on its effects on high school students' academic performance and psychological well-being. The premise of the research is based on the phenomenon where sound vibrations from speech induce vibrations in the cranial bones, which is hypothesized to improve cerebrospinal fluid circulation, thus enhancing nutrient exchange within brain tissues. This enhancement could potentially elevate cognitive capabilities, academic achievements, and reduce psychological stress among students.

To verify the effects of sound vibration on learning outcomes, controlled experiments were performed in schools located in Beijing and Henan, …

Cav-Ad: A Robust Framework For Detection Of Anomalous Data And Malicious Sensors In Cav Networks, Md Sazedur Rahman, Mohamed Elmahallawy, Sanjay Madria, Samuel Frimpong

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

The adoption of connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) has sparked considerable interest across diverse industries, including public transportation, underground mining, and agriculture sectors. However, CAVs' reliance on sensor readings makes them vulnerable to significant threats. Manipulating these readings can compromise CAV network security, posing serious risks for malicious activities. Although several anomaly detection (AD) approaches for CAV networks are proposed, they often fail to: i) detect multiple anomalies in specific sensor(s) with high accuracy or F1 score, and ii) identify the specific sensor being attacked. In response, this paper proposes a novel framework tailored to CAV networks, called CAV-AD, for …

Graduate School Academic Catalog 2024-2025, Graduate School Of Engineering And Management, Air Force Institute Of Technology, Walter F. Jones

AFIT Documents

No abstract provided.

Strain-Dependent Activity-Stability Relations In Ruo2 And Iro2 Oxygen Evolution Catalysts, Payal Chaudhary, Alexandra Zagalskaya, Herbert Over, Vitaly Alexandrov

Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering: Faculty Publications

Strain engineering is an effective strategy in modulating activity of electrocatalysts, but the effect of strain on electrochemical stability of catalysts remains poorly understood. In this work, we combine ab initio thermodynamics and molecular dynamics simulations to examine the role of compressive and tensile strain in the interplay between activity and stability of metal oxides considering RuO₂ and IrO₂ as exemplary catalysts. We reveal that although compressive strain leads to improved activity via the adsorbate-evolving mechanism of the oxygen evolution reaction, even small strains should substantially destabilize these catalysts promoting dissolution of transition metals. In contrast, our results …

Prediction Of Carbonation Capacity Of Scms Using Ensemble Learning Method, Kangyi Cai, Jian Liu, Edward Mwanza, Mahelet G. Fikru, Hongyan Ma, Donald C. Wunsch

Economics Faculty Research & Creative Works

The utilization of supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) subjected to carbonation processing represents a viable strategy to mitigate anthropogenic CO₂ emissions associated with concrete production, potentially contributing to the achievement of carbon neutrality. However, existing studies have limitations in effectively predicting the varying carbonation capacities of different SCMs, a gap that this research aims to address. Recent research efforts focused on the carbonation of waste-material-sourced SCMs are reviewed, along with a comparative discussion on diverse carbonation methods. A detailed data set encapsulating the properties of SCMs, and carbonation configurations was compiled. At the same time, six ensemble learning models were …

Optimized Path Planning For Defect Inspection Based On Effective Region Coverage, Tai Wai, David Chik, Chi Shing Wong

Staff Publications

A movable camera travels along an inspection path for optically inspecting an inspection surface of an object for defect detection. In planning the inspection path, a set of viewpoints on the inspection surface is generated. Each viewpoint is associated with a patch, which is a largest area of the inspection surface within a field of view (FOV) of the camera when the camera is located over the viewpoint for capturing an image of FOV. An effective region of the patch is advantageously predicted by a neural network according to a three-dimensional geometric characterization of the patch such that the predicted …

Nebraska Water Center Annual Report 2024

Nebraska Water Center: Administrative Materials

The report's highlights updates including ongoing research, know your well, and the Nebraska master irrigator launch.

Thermo-Mechanical Stability Analysis Of Hollow Cellular Concrete Block Air Convection Embankments For Cold Regions, H. Wu, X. Zhang, J. Liu

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Crushed-rock air convection embankment (ACE), as a highly open-graded porous medium, has been used to mitigate the thaw settlement of pavement structures in permafrost regions. Previous studies have revealed that cellular concrete has significant potential as a cost-effective material for ACE to solve the problem of crushed rock shortage in interior Alaska and improved the thermal stability of pavement structures in cold climates. the design configurations of the hollow cellular concrete block ACE were further designed to maximize the performance benefits and facilitate future implementation and field construction. However, the mechanical behaviors of the proposed structures and ice-rich subgrade were …

Introducing The Engineering Design Process To First-Year Students With A Project Focused On Offshore Wind Energy, Gordon Stewart, Maija A. Benitz, Lillian C. Jeznach, Charles R. Thomas

Engineering, Computing & Construction Management Faculty Publications

This is a complete evidence-based practice paper. In 2019, a new semester-long course project was developed for our university’s first-year engineering program that aimed to introduce students to the engineering design process (EDP) in an engaging and relevant way. Students in our small undergraduate-only engineering program earn Bachelors of Science degrees in Engineering, with a specialization in civil, computer, electrical, environmental, mechanical, or a custom area. Offshore wind energy was chosen as the project topic both for its relevance to the university’s coastal location and because it touches upon many of the subareas of engineering that students can specialize in. …

The Role Of Ai, Big Data And Predictive Analytics In Mitigating Unemployment Insurance Fraud, Siddikur Rahman, Md Abu Sayem, Shariar Emon Alve, Md Shahidul Islam, Muhammad Mahmudul Islam, Arifa Ahmed, Mohammed Kamruzzaman

Finance, Economics, and Data Analytics

The fraudulent claims for Unemployment Insurance (UI) have also risen massively in the United States especially during the onset of COVID-19 pandemic with billions of dollars that were lost. These approaches applied formerly in fraud detection and prevention have been challenged by new and advanced fraud systems. For this reason, AI, Big Data and Predictive Analytics are now crucial for improving fraud mitigation in UI programs. The aim of this research is to understand how far AI, Big Data and Predictive Analytics have been utilized, for how effective they are and the barriers they pose in tackling unemployment insurance fraud …

Assessing The Potential Of Uav-Based Multispectral And Thermal Data To Estimate Soil Water Content Using Geophysical Methods, Yunyi Guan, Katherine R. Grote

Geosciences and Geological and Petroleum Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Knowledge of the soil water content (SWC) is important for many aspects of agriculture and must be monitored to maximize crop yield, efficiently use limited supplies of irrigation water, and ensure optimal nutrient management with minimal environmental impact. Single-location sensors are often used to monitor SWC, but a limited number of point measurements is insufficient to measure SWC across most fields since SWC is typically very heterogeneous. To overcome this difficulty, several researchers have used data acquired from unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to predict the SWC by using machine learning on a limited number of point measurements acquired across a …

Circular Economy Strategies For Reducing Embodied Carbon In Us Commercial Building Stocks: A System Dynamics Modeling Approach, Radwa Eissa, Islam H. El-Adaway

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Environmental concerns over embodied carbon - which is generated during the extraction, transportation, manufacturing, construction, and disposal of building materials - have been increasing as the industry shifts to renewable energy and grid decarbonization efforts prevail. Commercial buildings, a rapidly growing sector and a major source of embodied carbon, can contribute immensely to the national climate goals by transitioning into a circular economy (CE). Nevertheless, embodied carbon research is rather dispersed, with sparse data on the actual impact of different CE strategies and how they scale on nationwide commercial building stocks. To address this research need, the goal of this …

Ai And Workforce Development: A Comparative Analysis Of Skill Gaps And Training Needs In Emerging Economies, Gursahildeep Singh Sidhu, Md Abu Sayem, Nazifa Taslima, Ahmed Selim Anwar, Fariba Chowdhury, Manataka Rowshon

Finance, Economics, and Data Analytics

AI is developing quickly and offers considerable prospects for economic development; nevertheless, it presents crucial challenges for instance, skills development and its effect on employee's jobs in developing economies. This research will seek to establish the current state of AI related skills deficits and training in these economies to establish how governments and organizations can close the gaps by preparing the workforce for the future AI revolution. In line with the research questions, the following emerges as the research problem: To what extent have emerging market companies embraced AI? What key skills are scarce both in the internal and external …

Dung Dkar Cloak: Exploring Soft Interfaces For Sonic Interactions, Judit Eszter Kárpáti, Esteban De La Torre

Textile Society of America: Symposium Proceedings

The importance of crossmodal interaction within the contemporary cultural, technological and scientific panorama has evidently gained significant attention due to its remarkable advantages in creating a meaningful, interwoven, and integrated experience. The use and recontextualization of textiles in such exploratory quest into the human senses has proven to be critical. Computational science, algorithmic logic and digital devices have always been rooted and closely interwoven with textile crafts and practices. Recent technological advancements have further combined technology and textile, generating interactive textile surfaces, constructing endless possibilities for multisensorial experiences. In this presentation we will examine how we can weave a sensitive …

Weaving Transformations: Integrating The Tc2 Loom In Higher Education Textile Programs, Anna Stuffelbeam, Kate Nartker, Janie Woodbridge

Textile Society of America: Symposium Proceedings

The Thread Controller 2 (TC2) loom is a novel technology that has reshaped how artists and designers explore the technical intricacies in jacquard weaving and harness textiles for creative expression. In this presentation, we discuss the integration of the TC2 within higher education art and design programs across the United States. Our research aims to explore the complexities and opportunities presented by the TC2 loom from both educator and student perspectives. The integration of this unique technology emphasizes the need for adaptation and innovation in pedagogical approaches.

In this two-part presentation, we first discuss the results of a qualitative study …

Environmental Metrics In Action: Exploring U.S. Superfund Sites Affiliated With The Fashion Industry, Nidia K. Trejo

Textile Society of America: Symposium Proceedings

Little is known of Superfund sites, long-term clean up sites, affiliated with the apparel and footwear supply chain in the United States. The United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) manages the clean up of contaminated sites that pose a significant risk to human health and the environment under the Superfund program. A site can become contaminated if hazardous waste from industrial operations are mismanaged or dumped into the environment, in an uncontrolled manner. In this study, a proposed Superfund site (Mohawk Tannery in Nashua, New Hampshire), an active Superfund site (Ciba-Geigy Corp. in Toms River, New Jersery), and a …

Experimentation On Manual Paper Making Using Mango Seed Fibers, Mercy Wanduara

Textile Society of America: Symposium Proceedings

This paper seeks to explore the use of Kenyan mango fiber as a core ingredient in papermaking. Mango is a tropical fruit grown in many countries around the world, including Kenya. The fruit tree grows naturally and has a maturity period of approximately three years. When this juicy fruit is ready for harvesting most of the fruits are harvested for consumption but plenty of them find their way into compost because of overproduction and lack of market. Moreover, the fruits are either consumed whole or juiced. The core of the fruit is a hairy seed which has little value to …

The Impact Of Journalistic Cultures On Social Media Discourse: Us Primary Debates In Cross-Lingual Online Spaces, Lea Hellmueller, Lindita Camaj, Sebastián Vallejo Vera, Peggy Lindner

Engineering Management and Systems Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This cross-lingual project examines how social media posts of Spanish- and English-language media impact incivility in user comments during the 2020 primary political debates in the United States. We analyzed Facebook posts of news organizations that hosted the debates and used a state-of-the-art machine-learning model to analyze the corresponding comments. Our findings reveal distinct journalistic cultures on the post-level: English-language media are significantly more likely to use interpretation while Spanish-language media employ more audience-engagement and factual reporting strategies. We argue that in order to understand incivility in social media discourse during political debates, we need to consider journalistic cultures: While …

Generating Blood Analog For Laser Induced Fluorescent Particle Image Velocimetry, Chungyiu Ma, Jared Chong, Hang Yi, Zifeng Yang, Luke Bramlage, Bryan Ludwig

Mechanical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications

To mimic blood non-Newtonian viscosity features under designated temperatures from 305 to 315 K, transparent blood analogs were generated by the mixture of xanthan gum and deionized water with fluorescent particles for laser induced fluorescent particle image velocimetry.

Role Of Occupational Therapy Assessment And Office Ergonomics To Support Students With Accommodations In Higher Learning: A Narrative Review, Behdin Nowrouzi-Kia, Christi Tam, Raabia Khan, Bushra Alam, Sujatha Alla

Engineering Management & Systems Engineering Faculty Publications

Postsecondary students with disabilities (SWDs) face significant challenges to their academic and personal well-being. There is a demand for more supportive strategies to facilitate fulfilling and equitable academic experiences for SWDs. This review aimed to (1) determine the effectiveness of various interventions, programs, and accommodations for enhancing the overall well-being of postsecondary SWDs and (2) evaluate the implications of these support strategies for disability service providers at postsecondary institutions. A narrative review was conducted, examining 13 studies aimed at enhancing the well-being of postsecondary SWDs. Studies were classified using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) Model. Ergonomics, …

Reinforcement Learning For Optimal Kicking Actions In Humanoid Robotics: Advancing Robotic Autonomy And Versatility, Suresh Dodda, Sathish Kumar Chintala, Sukender Reddy Mallreddy, Sharath Chandra Macha, Yashwanth Vasa, Sapan Bharadwaj Bonala, Navin Kamuni, Sujatha Alla

Engineering Management & Systems Engineering Faculty Publications

Acquiring the necessary skills to perform a work effectively and efficiently requires a significant investment of time and computing power. Previous applications of Reinforcement Learning (RL) for action optimization in humanoid robotics have shown how promising this technology is for moving robotics towards true autonomy and versatility. Therefore, this study offers the first use of RL to create an entirely optimal kicking action for the Alderbaran Nao robot. Kicking motions that were steady, precise, quick, and able to kick farther than any existing RoboCup squad were generated by optimizing for a multi-objective reward function. We demonstrate that the ideal kicking …

Data Driven Trade-Off Analysis For Cybersecurity, Goskel Kucukkaya, Murat Ozer, Murat Balci, Emrah Ugurlu

Engineering Management & Systems Engineering Faculty Publications

Trade-off analysis, a specialization of systems engineering, addresses design criteria like security, cost, performance, and compliance. Monte Carlo simulations are commonly employed to generate impact scenarios for trade-off analysis combined with solution alternatives that accommodate industry-specific considerations and uncertainties. In the cyber domain, this paper proposes a methodology for data-driven trade-off analysis in cybersecurity, leveraging industry reports as primary data sources using confidentiality, integrity, and availability as trade-off analysis objectives. Distribution functions are derived to manage and model uncertainties for various industries. The approach given in this study aims to facilitate informed choices and to enhance cybersecurity decision making and …

Engineering Management And Industrial Engineering Industry And Educational Workforce Development Strategy, Robert J. Gies, Resit Unal, Charles B. Keating

Engineering Management & Systems Engineering Faculty Publications

This paper provides an overview of the development and resulting product of a collaborative industry-academia engineering management and industrial engineering workforce development strategy. In the spring of 2017, Old Dominion University's (ODU) Engineering Management and Systems Engineering Department (EMSE) approached Newport News Shipbuilding (NNS) with a concept to develop an educational initiative to support the preparation and development of the future workforce. The concept came to fruition over the next two years as a certification program in Engineering Systems and Industrial Engineering for NNS working professionals. This paper examines the primary aspects of the development of the certification program. Emphasis …

System Of Systems Engineering: A Literature Review And Research Frontiers, Charles B. Keating, Polinpapilinho F. Katina, James C. Pyne

Engineering Management & Systems Engineering Faculty Publications

System of Systems Engineering (SoSE) has existed and been developing for well over 2 decades. The time is appropriate to take a reflective look at the past and examine the future evolution of this nascent field. To address this challenge, this paper is focused on two primary objectives. First, a literature review of the SoSE field is conducted. This literature review (1) organizes the SoSE body of knowledge and provides a synthesis of major crosscutting themes, and (2) provides a scholarly critique and identifies gaps in the current state of the SoSE field. The second objective is focused on providing …

Navigating The Complexities Of Engineering Management: Insights Into Metrics, Measurements, And Pitfalls, Charles Daniels

Engineering Management & Systems Engineering Faculty Publications

In the realm of Engineering Management, the reliance on metrics and measurements stands as a cornerstone for effective decision-making processes. These quantitative tools offer insights into performance dynamics and facilitate informed strategic choices. However, the uncritical application of metrics devoid of profound domain expertise presents significant challenges. This abstract explores the pitfalls inherent in utilizing metrics and measurements within Engineering Management without comprehensive understanding, emphasizing the potential consequences and proposing strategies for navigating this complex terrain.

Effect Of Water Vapor Desorption On The Performance Of Gallium Nitride Field Emitter Array, Ranajoy Bhattacharya, Pao-Chuan Shih, Tomás Palacios, Jim Browning

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

We are exploring the potential of gallium nitride (GaN) field emitter arrays in vacuum channel transistors. This study investigated the impact of ultraviolet (UV) light on the emission properties of large arrays of GaN field emitters. Arrays of 150 × 150 emitters were analyzed before and after UV exposure. With a constant collector voltage of 200 V DC, gate voltage sweeps from 0 to 60 V were applied. The initial I–V measurements showed a rapid increase in emission current, indicating a conditioning effect, settling at a stable value of 1.25 μA after three to five sweeps. Remarkably, exposure to …

Generation Of Micro-Fracture Clouds In Rocks: Mechanisms And Applications, U. Mutlu, G. Boitnott, A. Lisjak, O. Mahabadi, Taghi Sherizadeh, D. Guner, S. Nowak, A. Ghassemi

Mining Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Volume increasing or decreasing processes in rocks can lead to inter or intragranular fractures in subsurface formations. The volume change can be caused by chemical reactions involving fluid, reactive transport, and coupling with the mechanical deformation of the grains. Depending on stress, material properties and coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical-chemical (THMC) conditions, grain scale fractures may propagate and coalesce, forming a cloud of well-connected fracture networks. The mechanisms responsible for propagation, coalescence and inhibition of cloud fractures are not well known. In this study, we review coupled micro-fracture network generation mechanisms as published in the literature and observed in field, experiments, and models. …

Sustainable Additive Manufacturing Of Polysulfone Membranes For Liquid Separations, Brian Leonard, Harrison Loh, David Lu, Ebuka A. Ogbuoji, Isabel Escobar, Konstantinos Sierros, Oishi Sanyal

UK CARES Faculty Publications

Membranes serve as important components for modern manufacturing and purification processes but are conventionally associated with excessive solvent usage. Here, for the first time, a procedure for fabricating large area polysulfone membranes is demonstrated via the combination of direct ink writing (DIW) with non-solvent induced phase inversion (NIPS). The superior control and precision of this process allows for complete utilization of the polymer dope solution during membrane fabrication, thus enabling a significant reduction in material usage. Compared to doctor blade fabrication, a 63% reduction in dope solution volume was achieved using the DIW technique for fabricating similarly sized membranes. Cross …