Engineering Commons^™

Strengthening The Deployment Of Uncrewed Aerial Systems (Uas) At Kytc, Rachel Catchings, Suzanne Smith, Gayle Marks, Candice Wallace, Christopher Van Dyke

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

The Kentucky Transportation Cabinet (KYTC) and transportation agencies around the United States increasingly depends on uncrewed aircraft systems (UAS — also commonly known as drones) to collect data and accelerate project development and delivery. Drones let transportation practitioners safely and efficiently perform many activities, including bridge and highway inspection, construction monitoring, surveying, emergency response, and measuring stockpiles. KYTC’s implementation of UAS has expanded rapidly over the past 10 years, however, the agency lacks well-coordinated procedures for connecting pilots with end data users, scheduling and conducting flights, developing and documenting best practices, and processing and storing data. Based on a review …

Best Practices For Recruitment And Retention Of Transportation Professionals, Chris Van Dyke, Bryan Gibson, Sarah Mccormack, Merl Hackbart, Doug Kreis

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

Many public sector agencies, including state departments of transportation (DOTs), have long found recruiting and retaining staff a daunting challenge. Lured by the promise of higher salaries in the private sector, many people are reluctant to sacrifice their long-term earnings potential to pursue public service. And with the quality of fringe benefits (e.g., retirement plans, health insurance) offered by public agencies having declined gradually, it is even more difficult to persuade prospective employees to accept a lower salary. Many studies over the past 15—20 years have looked at methods for solving the problem of recruitment and retention within the context …

Weakly Supervised Attention-Based Recognition Under Spectral, Turbulence, And Resource Variations, Kshitij Naresh Nikhal

Dissertations and Doctoral Documents, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 2023–

While supervised optimization paradigms are ubiquitous across diverse recognition systems, the risk of over-fitting and increasing bias have limited their applicability.

This dissertation focuses on unsupervised learning—learning without precisely curated data—and argues that unsupervised learning methods can enable both discriminability and generalizability. Through the use of attention-based machine learning and advanced clustering, unsupervised methods are able to focus on fine-grained information in images without any explicit supervision. The dissertation introduces a domain-bridging framework for tasks like cross-spectrum matching and long-range recognition, utilizing intra-domain clustering and inter-domain matching to generate pseudo-labels. Additionally, a hash-based network is proposed to accelerate the search …

People With Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy Have Impaired Reactive Balance During Walking, Timothy F. Boerger, Learon Mcginn, Megan Bellman, Marjorie C. Wang, Brian D. Schmit, Allison S. Hyngstrom

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

Background

People with degenerative cervical myelopathy are known to have impaired standing balance and walking abilities, but less is known about balance responses during walking.

Research question

The aim of this project was to assess reactive balance impairments during walking in people with degenerative cervical myelopothy (PwDCM). We hypothesized that center of mass motion following perturbations would be larger in PwDCM and gluteus medius electromyographic amplitude responses would be decreased in PwDCM.

Methods

Reactive balance responses were quantified during unanticipated lateral pulls to the waist while treadmill walking. Walking biomechanics data were collected from 10 PwDCM (F=6) and 10 non-myelopathic …

Evaluation Of Ndot’S Sediment Barrier Practices Using Performance Data, Michael A. Perez, Wesley N. Donald, J. Blake Whitman, Brian G. Roche

Nebraska Department of Transportation: Research Reports

To protect waterways adjacent to construction projects with disturbed land, a 50 ft (15 m) vegetated buffer or equivalent sediment controls are required. However, there is little guidance on the effectiveness of vegetated buffers in removing sediment or how sediment barriers can aid shorter buffers or replace buffers. A modeling methodology was developed and used to determine the performance of 11,664 50 ft (15 m) vegetated buffer configurations with Nebraska conditions; sediment capture averaged 92.6% and ranged from 18.5% to 99.5%. To determine the performance of Nebraska Department of Transportation standard and modified sediment barrier installations, a large-scale testing methodology …

Local Strain Quantification Of A Porous Carbon Fiber Network Material, Robert N Quammen, Paul F. Rottmann

Chemical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications

While porous materials’ wide range of attractive functional properties have led to their development for a variety of applications, their intrinsically stochastic microstructures prevent straightforward approaches to predicting their mechanical behavior. This is attributed to the mechanisms that govern the macroscale behavior of these materials operating on multiple microstructure-specific length scales spanning several orders of magnitude. The goal of this work was to experimentally observe these operative deformation mechanisms to better improve the development of mechanism-informed models that more accurately predict the behavior of these materials. In this study compression tests were conducted on a porous carbon fiber network material. …

Multi-Season Mobile Monitoring Campaign Of On-Road Air Pollution In Bengaluru, India: High-Resolution Mapping Estimation Of Quasi-Emission Factors, Adithi Upadhya, Meenakshi Kushwaha, Pratyush Agrawal, Jonathan D. Gingrich, Jai Asundi, Sreekanth V, Julian Marshall, Joshua Apte

Faculty Work Comprehensive List

Mobile monitoring can supplement regulatory measurements, particularly in low-income countries where stationary monitors’ density is low. Here, we report results from a ~year-long mobile monitoring campaign of on-road black carbon (BC) mass concentration, ultrafine particle (UFP) number concentration, and carbon dioxide (CO2) in Bengaluru, India. The study route included ~150 unique kms covering urban and peri-urban residential neighborhoods and the central business district (CBD); ~22 repeat measurements were made per monitored road-segment, covering most seasons. After cleaning the data for known instrument artifacts and sensitivities, we generated 30 m high-resolution stable ‘data only’ spatial maps of BC, UFP, and CO2 …

Deep Reinforcement Learning For Online Scheduling Of Photovoltaic Systems With Battery Energy Storage Systems, Yaze Li, Jingxian Wu, Yanjun Pan

Electrical Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

A new online scheduling algorithm is proposed for photovoltaic (PV) systems with battery-assisted energy storage systems (BESS). The stochastic nature of renewable energy sources necessitates the employment of BESS to balance energy supplies and demands under uncertain weather conditions. The proposed online scheduling algorithm aims at minimizing the overall energy cost by performing actions such as load shifting and peak shaving through carefully scheduled BESS charging/discharging activities. The scheduling algorithm is developed by using deep deterministic policy gradient (DDPG), a deep reinforcement learning (DRL) algorithm that can deal with continuous state and action spaces. One of the main contributions of …

Electrical And Thermal Characterization Of (250 °C) Sic Power Module Integrated With Ltcc-Based Isolated Gate Driver, Salahaldein Ali Aboajila Ahmed, Pengyu Lai, Sudharsan Chinnaiyan, H. Alan Mantooth, Zhong Chen

Electrical Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

The high-voltage SiC MOSFET power modules enable high-frequency and high-efficiency power conversion. The parasitic inductances induced by traditional packages of this device technology significantly deteriorate device switching performance, especially in high-temperature applications. In this paper, a novel low-cost discrete SMD component gate driver embedded in a SiC MOSFET power module is introduced. A newly integrated packaging structure has been introduced and proved to be efficient in reducing package-related turn-on loss and turn-off parasitic ringing. However, the gate propagation delay and optocoupler on-chip weak output signal in such a structure become limitations for further pushing the operating frequency and the output …

Soil Nitrate Prediction Using Ftir-Atr, Vis-Nir, And Raman Spectroscopy, Sabiha Ferdous

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) combined with Attenuated total reflectance (ATR), Visible-Near Infrared spectroscopy (Vis-NIR), and Raman spectroscopy (RS) are non-destructive techniques for rapid determination of nitrogen compounds in soil. Leveraging FTIR-ATR and Vis-NIR spectra using partial least squares regression (PLSR) modeling, the study aims to predict soil nitrate content and explored the feasibility of Raman spectroscopy to detect nitrate (NO₃^-), nitrite (NO₂^-), and ammonium (NH₄⁺) in soil. Soil samples were collected from four different fields, dried, sieved (2mm), and then used for collecting spectra (FTIR-ATR and Vis-NIR). Laboratory analysis was …

Spontaneous Alignment Of Myotubes Through Myogenic Progenitor Cell Migration, Lauren E. Mehanna, Adrianna R. Osborne, Charlotte A. Peterson, Brad J. Berron

Chemical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications

In large-volume muscle injuries, widespread damage to muscle fibers and the surrounding connective tissue prevents myogenic progenitor cells (MPCs) from initiating repair. There is a clinical need to rapidly fabricate large muscle tissue constructs for integration at the site of large volume muscle injuries. Most strategies for myotube alignment require microfabricated structures or prolonged orientation times. We utilize the MPC’s natural propensity to close gaps across an injury site to guide alignment on collagen I. When MPCs are exposed to an open boundary free of cells, they migrate unidirectionally into the cell-free region and align perpendicular to the original boundary …

Heat Treatments For Minimization Of Residual Stresses And Maximization Of Tensile Strengths Of Scalmalloy® Processed Via Directed Energy Deposition, Rachel Boillat-Newport, Sriram Praneeth Isanaka, Jonathan Kelley, Frank Liou

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Scalmalloy® is an Al-Mg-Sc-Zr-Based Alloy Specifically Developed for Additive Manufacturing (AM). This Alloy is Designed for Use with a Direct Aging Treatment, as Recommended by the Manufacturer, Rather Than with a Multistep Treatment, as Often Seen in Conventional Manufacturing. Most Work with Scalmalloy® is Conducted using Powder Bed Rather Than Powder-Fed Processes. This Investigation Seeks to Fill This Knowledge Gap and Expand Beyond Single-Step Aging to Promote an overall Balanced AM-Fabricated Component. for This Study, Directed Energy Deposition (DED)-Fabricated Scalmalloy® Components Were Subjected to Low-Temperature Treatments to Minimize Residual Stresses Inherent in the Material Due to the Layer-By-Layer Build Process. …

Field Research Report: Results From The Enreec Vri Field For The 2021, 2022, And 2023 Crop Seasons, Derek M. Heeren, Ali T. Mohammed, Eric Wilkening, Christopher M. U. Neale, Alan L. Boldt, Ankit Chandra, Precious Nneka Amori, Ivo Z. Goncalves, Yeyin Shi, Guillermo R. Balboa

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Presentations and White Papers

Long-term irrigation management research has been conducted from 2014 to 2023 for corn and soybean at the Eastern Nebraska Research, Extension, and Education Center (ENREEC) Variable Rate Irrigation (VRI) Field located in subhumid east-central Nebraska (in the Lower Platte North Natural Resources District). The objective of this report was to present the overall results from the VRI Field for 2021 to 2023. Across the three growing seasons, there were the following irrigation treatments: Best Management Practice (BMP), 50% BMP, 125% BMP, rainfed, Spatial ET Modeling Interface (SETMI), SDD1, SDD2, machine-learning-based Cyber-Physical System (CPS), a student team recommended rate, and industry …

Nonlinear Interactions Of Sea‐Level Rise And Storm Tide Alter Extreme Coastal Water Levels: How And Why?, H. Moftakhari, D. F. Muñoz, A. Akbari Asanjan, A. Aghakouchak, Hamid Moradkhani, David A. Jay

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Sea-level rise (SLR) increasingly threatens coastal communities around the world. However, not all coastal communities are equally threatened, and realistic estimation of hazard is difficult. Understanding SLR impacts on extreme sea level is challenging due to interactions between multiple tidal and non-tidal flood drivers. We here use global hourly tidal data to show how and why tides and surges interact with mean sea level (MSL) fluctuations. At most locations around the world, the amplitude of at least one tidal constituent and/or amplitude of non-tidal residual have changed in response to MSL variation over the past few decades. In 37% of …

Spatiotemporal Dispersion Compensation For A 200-Thz Noncollinear Optical Parametric Amplifier, William P. Carbery, Laurie A. Bizimana, Matthew S. Barclay, Nicholas D. Wright, Paul H. Davis, William B. Knowlton, Ryan D. Pensack, Paul C. Arpin, Daniel B. Turner

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

A noncollinear optical parametric amplifier (NOPA) can produce few-cycle femtosecond laser pulses that are ideally suited for time-resolved optical spectroscopy measurements. However, the nonlinear-optical process giving rise to ultrabroadband pulses is susceptible to spatiotemporal dispersion problems. Here, we detail refinements, including chirped-pulse amplification (CPA) and pulse-front matching (PFM), that minimize spatiotemporal dispersion and thereby improve the properties of ultrabroadband pulses produced by a NOPA. The description includes a rationale behind the choices of optical and optomechanical components, as well as assessment protocols. We demonstrate these techniques using a 1 kHz, second-harmonic Ti:sapphire pump configuration, which produces ∼5-fs duration pulses that …

Understanding The Impact Of Trade Policy Effect Uncertainty On Firm-Level Innovation Investment: A Deep Learning Approach, Daniel Chang, Nan Hu, Peng Liang, Morgan Swink

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Integrating the real options perspective and resource dependence theory, this study examines how firms adjust their innovation investments to trade policy effect uncertainty (TPEU), a less studied type of firm specific, perceived environmental uncertainty in which managers have difficulty predicting how potential policy changes will affect business operations. To develop a text-based, context-dependent, time-varying measure of firm-level perceived TPEU, we apply Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT), a state-of-the-art deep learning approach. We apply BERT to analyze the texts of mandatory Management Discussion and Analysis (MD&A) sections of annual reports for a sample of 22,669 firm-year observations from 3,181 unique …

Multiobjective Stochastic Optimization: A Case Of Real-Time Matching In Ride-Sourcing Markets, Guodong Lyu, Wang Chi Cheung, Chung-Piaw Teo, Hai Wang

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Problem Definition: The job of any marketplace is to facilitate the matching of supply with demand in real-time. Success is often measured using various metrics. The challenge is to design matching algorithms to balance the trade-offs among multiple objectives in a stochastic environment, to arrive at a “compromise” solution, which minimizes say the ℓp-norm-based distance function (for some 1 ≤p ≤∞) between the attained performance metrics and the target performances.Methodology/Results: We observe that the sample-average-approximation formulation of this multi-objective stochastic optimization problem can be solved by an online algorithm that uses only gradient information from “historical” (i.e., past) sample information, …

Analysis Of Countermeasures Against Remote And Local Power Side Channel Attacks Using Correlation Power Analysis, Aurelien Tchoupou Mozipo, John M. Acken

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Countermeasures and deterrents to power side-channel attacks targeting the alteration or scrambling of the power delivery network have been shown to be effective against local attacks where the malicious agent has physical access to the target system. However, remote attacks that capture the leaked information from within the IC power grid are shown herein to be nonetheless effective at uncovering the secret key in the presence of these countermeasures/deterrents. Theoretical studies and experimental analysis are carried out to define and quantify the impact of integrated voltage regulators, voltage noise injection, and integration of on-package decoupling capacitors for both remote and …

Energy-Efficient Neuromorphic Architectures For Nuclear Radiation Detection Applications, Jorge I. Canales-Verdial, Jamison R. Wagner, Landon A. Schmucker, Mark Wetzel, Nathan J. Withers, Philippe Erol Proctor, Christof Teuscher, Multiple Additional Authors

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

A comprehensive analysis and simulation of two memristor-based neuromorphic architectures for nuclear radiation detection is presented. Both scalable architectures retrofit a locally competitive algorithm to solve overcomplete sparse approximation problems by harnessing memristor crossbar execution of vector–matrix multiplications. The proposed systems demonstrate excellent accuracy and throughput while consuming minimal energy for radionuclide detection. To ensure that the simulation results of our proposed hardware are realistic, the memristor parameters are chosen from our own fabricated memristor devices. Based on these results, we conclude that memristor-based computing is the preeminent technology for a radiation detection platform.

Can Neural Networks Reach Human Vision Levels On Object Recognition Tasks?, Luke D. Baumel, Mikayla Cutler, Matt Hyatt, Joseph Tocco, William Friebel, Nicholas Baker Dr., George K. Thiruvathukal Dr.

Psychology: Faculty Publications and Other Works

Object recognition is a crucial function of biological vision; it allows us to draw conclusions about a visual scene that transcends the image formed by the retina. However, the task of object recognition quickly becomes a challenge when hindrances such as viewing angle, object distance from observer, illuminant qualities, and potential occlusions become active variables. Additionally, the diversity of visual features within the same category of object, coupled with the numerous contexts in which an object may be observed is demonstrative of the formidable task that is object recognition. Previous research showed a significant texture bias in Convolutional Neural Networks’ …

Experimental Investigation Of Long-Term Performance Of Fiber-Reinforced Epoxy And Polyurethane Polymer Composites, Abdel Hamid I. Mourad, Amir Hussain Idrisi, Asima Zahoor, Muhammad M. Sherif, Beckry M. Abdel-Magid

Michigan Tech Publications

The primary challenge encountered by polymers and their composites when exposed to saline water is their inadequate ability to withstand wear and tear over time. With a potential to replace conventional materials the long-term performance of FRP composites is still a novice area. This manuscript thus, reports an experimental investigation and prediction of the durability of fiber-reinforced polymer composites exposed to seawater at different temperatures. E-glass/epoxy and E-glass/polyurethane samples were exposed to 23 °C, 45 °C and 65 °C seawater for up to 2700 days (90 months). Tensile tests evaluated the mechanical performance of the composite as a function of …

Lateral Load Response Of Semi-Interlocking Mortarless Masonry-Infilled Frames, Sonam Dorji, Hossein Derakhshan, David P. Thambiratnam, Alireza Mohyeddin

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Structural frames infilled with masonry material called masonry-infilled frames (MIFs) are common types of constructions around the world. These structures generally have mortared masonry as infill material which made the buildings stiff during past earthquakes and generated additional torsional forces. With a view to improve the seismic performance of MIFs this paper presents the results of a numerical simulation study on the behaviour of previously-tested MIFs with semi-interlocking masonry (SIM) material. In a simplified micro-modelling approach, the concrete and masonry materials are simulated using Concrete Damaged Plasticity technique and the joints are considered as zero-thickness cohesive interfaces modelled using traction-separation …

Pd-Modified Cuo-Zno-Al2o3 Catalysts Via Mixed-Phases-Containing Precursor For Methanol Synthesis From Co2 Hydrogenation Under Mild Conditions, Xiao Fan, Kaiying Wang, Xiaoqing He, Shiguang Li, Miao Yu, Xinhua Liang

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A series of palladium-modified (Pd-modified) CuO-ZnO-Al2O3 (CZA) catalysts with various Pd loadings (0.3 wt% to 2.4 wt%) were prepared using the wetness impregnation method, on two CZA supports with different structures that are CZA-aged precursor composed of a mixture of zincian-malachite and hydrotalcite-like phases (CZA-zH), and CuO-ZnO-Al2O3 metal oxide nanoparticles (CZA-MO). Enhancement on catalytic activity can be observed on both Pd-modified CZA catalysts in a temperature range of 180–240 °C for methanol synthesis via CO2 hydrogenation. Pd/CZA-zH catalysts exhibited a more efficient and stable production of methanol at a relatively low reaction temperature of 180 °C for 100 hrs. of …

Technology Assessment For Cybersecurity Organizational Readiness: Case Of Airlines Sector And Electronic Payment, Sultan Ayed Alghamdi, Tugrul Daim, Saeed Mohammed Alzahrani

Engineering and Technology Management Faculty Publications and Presentations

Payment processing systems have advanced significantly in the airline business. Because e-payments are easy, they have captured the attention of many companies in the aviation industry and are quickly becoming the dominant means of payment. However, as technology advances, fraud grows at a comparable rate. Over the years, there has been a surge in payment fraud incidents in the airline sector, reducing the platform's trustworthiness. Despite attempts to eliminate epayment fraud, decision-makers lack the technical expertise required to use the finest fraud detection and prevention assessments. This research recognizes the lack of an established decision model as a hurdle and …

Wave Overtopping Layer Thickness On The Crest Of Rubble Mound Seawalls, Ali Koosheh, Amir Etemad-Shahidi, Nick Cartwright, Rodger Tomlinson, Marcel R. A. Van Gent

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

During storms, ensuring the protection of people, vehicles and infrastructure on the crest of coastal structures from wave overtopping hazards is crucial. The thickness of the wave overtopping layer is a key variable used for assessing safety and maintaining a secure design. Traditionally, this parameter is associated with the height difference between the fictitious wave run-up level exceeded by 2% of waves and the crest freeboard of coastal structures. This study aims to investigate the wave overtopping layer thickness on the crest of rubble mound seawalls. To achieve this, a series of 125 small-scale 2D physical model tests were conducted …

Immersive Virtual Reality-Based Learning As A Supplement For Biomedical Engineering Labs: Challenges Faced And Lessons Learned, Ishita Tandon, Vitali Maldonado, Megan Wilkerson, Amanda Walls, Raj R. Rao, Mostafa Elsaadany

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Introduction: Immersive virtual reality (VR) based laboratory demonstrations have been gaining traction in STEM education as they can provide virtual hands-on experience. VR can also facilitate experiential and visual learning and enhanced retention. However, several optimizations of the implementation, in-depth analyses of advantages and trade-offs of the technology, and assessment of receptivity of modern techniques in STEM education are required to ensure better utilization of VR-based labs.

Methods: In this study, we developed VR-based demonstrations for a biomolecular engineering laboratory and assessed their effectiveness using surveys containing free responses and 5-point Likert scale-based questions. Insta360 Pro2 camera and Meta Quest …

A General Materials Data Science Framework For Quantitative 2d Analysis Of Particle Growth From Image Sequences, Sameera Nalin Venkat, Thomas G. Ciardi, Mingjian Lu, Preston C. Deleo, Jube Augustino, Adam Goodman, Jayvic Cristian Jimenez, Anirban Mondal, Frank Ernst, Yinghui Wu, Roger H. French, Laura S. Bruckman

Faculty Scholarship

Phase transformations are a challenging problem in materials science, which lead to changes in properties and may impact performance of material systems in various applications. We introduce a general framework for the analysis of particle growth kinetics by utilizing concepts from machine learning and graph theory. As a model system, we use image sequences of atomic force microscopy showing the crystallization of an amorphous fluoroelastomer film. To identify crystalline particles in an amorphous matrix and track the temporal evolution of the particle dispersion, we have developed quantitative methods of 2D analysis. 700 image sequences were analyzed using a neural network …

T-Pickseer: Visual Analysis Of Taxi Pick-Up Point Selection Behavior, Shuxian Gu, Yemo Dai, Zezheng Feng, Yong Wang, Haipeng Zeng

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Taxi drivers often take much time to navigate the streets to look for passengers, which leads to high vacancy rates and wasted resources. Empty taxi cruising remains a big concern for taxi companies. Analyzing the pick-up point selection behavior can solve this problem effectively, providing suggestions for taxi management and dispatch. Many studies have been devoted to analyzing and recommending hotspot regions of pick-up points, which can make it easier for drivers to pick-up passengers. However, the selection of pick-up points is complex and affected by multiple factors, such as convenience and traffic management. Most existing approaches cannot produce satisfactory …

Pa2blo: Low-Power, Personalized Audio Badge, Hemanth Sabbella, Dulaj Sanjaya Weerakoon, Manoj Gulati, Archan Misra

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

We present the hardware design and software pipeline for an ultra-low power device, in the form factor of a wearable badge, that supports energy efficient sensing, processing and wireless transfer of human voice commands and interactions. The proposed system, called PA2BLO, is envisioned to support both: (a) real-time, scalable, authorized voice based interaction and control of devices and appliances, and (b) longitudinal, low-power logging of natural voice interactions. PA2BLO in-troduces two key novel capabilities. First, it includes a low power, low-complexity voice authentication module that is able to reliably authenticate an authorized user only using low sampling rate (500 Hz) …

Infrared Investigation In Singapore (Iris) Observatory: Urban Heat Island Contributors And Mitigators Analysis Using Neighborhood-Scale Thermal Imaging, Clayton Miller, Vasantha Ramani, Clayton Miller

Research Collection College of Integrative Studies

This paper studies heat fluxes from contributors and mitigators of urban heat islands using thermal images and weather data. Thermal images were collected by a rooftop observatory between November 2021 and April 2022. Over the same period, weather stations were operating at several locations on a university campus in Singapore. From collected data, a method was defined to estimate sensible and latent heat fluxes from building façades, vegetation, and traffic. Before analyzing heat fluxes using the method, thermal images were calibrated against measurements made with contact surface sensors. Results show that the method can be used to study heat fluxes …