Engineering Commons^™

Synthesis And Technology Of Vinyl Esters Of Aromatic Carboxylic Acids Based On Vinyl Acetate, Askar B. Parmanov, Suvonkul E. Nurmanov, Saida S. Abdurakhmanova, Sarvinoz I. Tirkasheva, Begzod F. Adashev

CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

In this work the vinylation reactions of aromatic carboxylic acids with vinyl acetate, which contain various substituents, in the presence of 2-chloro-4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazine were studied for the first time. The influence of the nature of the starting materials, temperature, reaction duration, solvent and reagents - zinc triflate (Zn(OTf)₂, 3,3-diphenylbinaphthol (3,3'-Ph₂BINOL-2Li), tertiary potassium butylate (KO^trBu), butyllithium (BuLi) for the synthesis of vinyl esters. The synthesis of vinyl esters of aromatic carboxylic acids was carried out: benzoiс, 2-phenylacetic, 4-methylbenzoic, 4-methoxybenzoic, 3,4-dimethoxybenzoic, 2-brombenzoic, 4-brombenzoic, 4-fluorobenzoic, 3-nitrobenzoic, 4-nitrobenzoic, 4-tertiary butylbenzoic, 2-chlorobenzoic, 4-chlorobenzoic, 3-hydroxybenzoic and 4-hydroxybenzoic acids has been studied. …

Synthesis Of Internal Acetylene Alcohols Based On The Sonogashira Reaction Of Terminal Acetylene Alcohols And Benzolchloride, Guzal K. Otamukhamedova, Odiljon E. Ziyadullayev, Abduvahob Ikramov, Sarvinoz I. Tirkasheva

CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

The purpose of the study is to develop a new catalytic system for the synthesis of internal acetylene alcohols from the Sonogastric coupling reaction of terminal acetylene alcohols and benzolchloride. For the first time in this work, internal acetylene alcohols have been synthesized based on reactions of some terminal acetylene alcohols – 3,4-dimethylpentin-1-ol-3, 3,4,4-trimethylpentin-1-ol-3, 1-ethynylcyclohexanol-1, 2-ethynyladamantanol-2, 2-phenylbutin-3-ol-2, 2-(naphthyl-2)butyn-3-ol-2, 2-(furanyl-2)butyn-3-ol-2 and 2-(pyridinyl-4)butyn-3-ol-2 with chloridebenzene. In order to achieve high product productivity in the Sonogashira reaction, alternative conditions have been identified by studying the molar ratios, spatial structure, induction effects of substituents, solvent and catalyst nature, as well as temperature, reaction duration …

Study Of The Influence Of B2o3 Oxide On The Physical And Technical Properties Of Ground Enamel Obtained Based On Local Raw Material Components, Shoxrux B. Naimov, Mastura Kh. Aripova

CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

The purpose of the study was to obtain ground enamel based on local raw materials and to study the effect of boron oxide. The selection of local raw materials for producing ground enamel showed that the resulting glass compositions are in the SiO₂–Al₂O₃–Na₂O–K₂O–CaO–B₂O₃ system. To adjust the properties, additives of nickel oxide and cobalt oxide were used. The properties of the developed compositions of primer enamels meet the requirements of GOST 24405-80. It has been determined that the addition of boron and an increase in its amount …

Formation Of Luminescent Coatings With The Use Of Low Melting Glass, Eygeniy N. Poddenezhny, Ekaterina E. Trusova, Andrei A. Boiko, Ekaterina R. Kravcova, Olga V. Davydova

CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

The aim of the present research is to develop compounds and technologies for applying the luminous vitrocrystalline compounds to smooth and ribbed glass substrates in LED lamp structure with a remote photoconverter that contains oxide low melting glass as the base and nanostructured cerium–doped yttrium–aluminum garnet powder as the luminophore. The luminescent coatings based on nanostructured cerium doped yttrium-aluminum garnet powder and low melting glass of composition BaO-Bi₂O₃-B₂O₃-K₂O-SiO₂ where prepared. YAG:Ce³⁺ powder was synthesized by the method of thermochemical reaction. Silica glass powder was introduced into the composition …

Anomalous Of Resistance And Magnetic Susceptibility At 280-310 K And Ambient Pressure In Bismuth Cuprates Synthesized By Solar Energy, Dilbara Dj. Gulamova, Elyor B. Eshonkulov, Valeriya R. Li, Grigor I. Mamniashvili, Timur I. Gulamov

CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

In order to obtain the full content of high-temperature superconducting phases using the “Super Fast Alloys Quenching” technology in the Large Solar Furnace (Parkent), precursors of bismuth cuprates of the series Bi_1,7Pb_0,3Sr₂Ca_(n-1)Cu_nO_y, n=3-30 were synthesized. Methods for study the properties of precursors are presented. The oriented nano-sized microstructure and layered structure of nanocrystalline nuclei are shown. The phase composition of the precursors at the beginning of the series (n=3-5) is represented by X-ray amorphous and crystalline phases. An increase in the content of CaO and CuO destabilizes the …

Waste Utilization In Korean Cement Plants, Geun-Seong Lee, Zebo Abdullaevna Babakhanova, Mastura Khikmatovna Aripova

CHEMISTRY AND CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

The kiln process in cement plant has the advantage of completely and effectively destroying and burning all organic substances due to high temperature and long residence time, oxygen atmosphere and excellent mixing effect, alkaline conditions of raw materials, and incorporation of trace metals into clinker, and plays a role as a pollutant emission barrier during waste utilization. Waste utilization technology is now proven and successful in cement plants. The waste utilization in Korean cement plants are greatly expanding in the view of energy and material recoveries, and economics as well as environmental preservation. Research on waste utilization in the Korean …

Improvement Of The Seismic Safety System For The Population And Territory Of The Republic Of Uzbekistan, Muslima Аbdurakhimkho‘Jayeva, Oyqiz Yokubjonova, Oydin Khasanova Docent

Technical science and innovation

Central Asian seismologists show high magnitudes of potential future earthquakes (8 and higher), which corresponds to a probable level of macroseismic intensity of 9 or more points. Considering that zones with a high level of seismic hazard coincide with densely populated areas, as well as taking into account the seismic vulnerability of existing buildings, it can be stated that in Each existing level of seismic risk is very high and the consequences of future earthquakes can be catastrophic.

In recent years, large-scale comprehensive measures have been implemented in the Republic of Uzbekistan to develop the fields of seismology, ensure earthquake …

Domination On Bipolar Fuzzy Graph Operations: Principles, Proofs, And Examples, Haifa Ahmed, Mohammed Alsharafi

Neutrosophic Systems with Applications

Bipolar fuzzy graphs, capable of capturing situations with both positive and negative memberships, have found diverse applications in various disciplines, including decision-making, computer science, and social network analysis. This study investigates the domain of domination and global domination numbers within bipolar fuzzy graphs, owing to their relevance in these aforementioned practical fields. In this study, we introduce certain operations on bipolar fuzzy graphs, such as intersection, join, and union of two graphs. Furthermore, we analyze the domination number and the global domination number for various operations on bipolar fuzzy graphs, including intersection, join, and union of fuzzy graphs and their …

Fixed Point Results In Complex Valued Neutrosophic B-Metric Spaces With Application, M. Pandiselvi, M. Jeyaraman

Neutrosophic Systems with Applications

In this manuscript, we introduce the idea of complex-valued Neutrosophic b-metric spaces along with numerous significant illustrations. We provide fixed-point results for contraction maps. To support the main result, we establish the existence and uniqueness of solutions for nonlinear integral equations after the work.

On Heptagonal Neutrosophic Semi-Open Sets In Heptagonal Neutrosophic Topological Spaces: Testing Proofs By Examples, Subasree R, Basarikodi K

Neutrosophic Systems with Applications

In terms of heptagonal neutrosophic topological spaces, the purpose of this paper is to present the idea of heptagonal neutrosophic semi-open sets. Additionally, we examine a few of its characterizations and heptagonal neutrosophic semi-interior and heptagonal neutrosophic semi-closure operators.

Software Reliability Model Estimation For An Indeterministic Crime Cluster Through Reinforcement Learning, Dileep Kumar Kadali, R.N.V. Jagan Mohan, M. Chandra Naik

Neutrosophic Systems with Applications

The software reliability model estimates the probability of data failure in a specific environment, significantly impacting reliability and trustworthiness. The paper study focuses on cluster crime data, i.e., indeterministic in Neutrosophic Logic, using a software reliability model. The study utilizes reinforcement learning, Neutrosophic logic, and non-homogeneous Poisson process crime data to estimate indeterministic cluster data in crime. The "Non-homogeneous Poisson Process with Neutrosophic Logic" technique performs well in evaluating and deterring crime based on crime data analysis. The crime cluster involving offenders correctly classified as failure to accomplish does better than uncertain cluster reliability estimation with least squares and logistic …

Domination On Bipolar Fuzzy Graph Operations: Principles, Proofs, And Examples, Haifa Ahmed, Mohammed Alsharafi

Neutrosophic Systems with Applications

Bipolar fuzzy graphs, capable of capturing situations with both positive and negative memberships, have found diverse applications in various disciplines, including decision-making, computer science, and social network analysis. This study investigates the domain of domination and global domination numbers within bipolar fuzzy graphs, owing to their relevance in these aforementioned practical fields. In this study, we introduce certain operations on bipolar fuzzy graphs, such as intersection, join, and union of two graphs. Furthermore, we analyze the domination number and the global domination number for various operations on bipolar fuzzy graphs, including intersection, join, and union of fuzzy graphs and their …

Comparative Analysis Of Cutting Forces In Axial-Compliant And Rigid Chamfering Tools, Sultonmurod Bekpulatovich Normatov, Oybek Tuyboyov, Azimjon Axror O'G'Li Pardayev, Alisher G‘Ayratjon Ogli Boratov, Shohjahon Tuxtasin Ogli Abdullayev

Technical science and innovation

This study delves into the analysis of cutting forces in axial-compliant systems, focusing specifically on the comparison between axially spring-compensated 90° conical tools and rigid chamfering tools. The research incorporates a predictive model for chamfer size calculation in the axially spring-compensated tools, verified through experimental tests on representative parts. The study aims to control chamfer size within tolerances by adjusting process conditions and optimizing processing efficiency. By exploring the fundamentals of the chamfering process, this research offers insights into breaking sharp edges on components with positional errors and shape deformations, with a particular emphasis on aero-engine casings. The integration of …

Fixed Point Results In Complex Valued Neutrosophic B-Metric Spaces With Application, M. Pandiselvi, M. Jeyaraman

Neutrosophic Systems with Applications

In this manuscript, we introduce the idea of complex-valued Neutrosophic b-metric spaces along with numerous significant illustrations. We provide fixed-point results for contraction maps. To support the main result, we establish the existence and uniqueness of solutions for nonlinear integral equations after the work.

Software Reliability Model Estimation For An Indeterministic Crime Cluster Through Reinforcement Learning, Dileep Kumar Kadali, R.N.V. Jagan Mohan, M. Chandra Naik

Neutrosophic Systems with Applications

The software reliability model estimates the probability of data failure in a specific environment, significantly impacting reliability and trustworthiness. The paper study focuses on cluster crime data, i.e., indeterministic in Neutrosophic Logic, using a software reliability model. The study utilizes reinforcement learning, Neutrosophic logic, and non-homogeneous Poisson process crime data to estimate indeterministic cluster data in crime. The "Non-homogeneous Poisson Process with Neutrosophic Logic" technique performs well in evaluating and deterring crime based on crime data analysis. The crime cluster involving offenders correctly classified as failure to accomplish does better than uncertain cluster reliability estimation with least squares and logistic …

On Heptagonal Neutrosophic Semi-Open Sets In Heptagonal Neutrosophic Topological Spaces: Testing Proofs By Examples, Subasree R, Basarikodi K

Neutrosophic Systems with Applications

In terms of heptagonal neutrosophic topological spaces, the purpose of this paper is to present the idea of heptagonal neutrosophic semi-open sets. Additionally, we examine a few of its characterizations and heptagonal neutrosophic semi-interior and heptagonal neutrosophic semi-closure operators.

Magdm Model Using Single-Valued Neutrosophic Credibility Matrix Energy And Its Decision-Making Application, Jun Ye, Rui Yong, Wanlu Du

Neutrosophic Systems with Applications

This paper aims to develop a MAGDM model using single-valued neutrosophic credibility matrix (SVNCM) energy in a SVNCM scenario. To do it, first, SVNCM energy and its score function are presented as a conceptual extension of existing single-valued neutrosophic matrix (SVNM) energy. Then, a MAGDM model is developed in terms of SVNCM energy and its score function in a SVNCM scenario and also its decision algorithm is provided to solve MAGDM problems with SVNCMs. Finally, the developed MAGDM model is applied in the school site selection problem as an actual example, then the comparative investigation of the decision results in …

Safety Analysis In Ap-1000 Nuclear Power Plant Against Primary Loop Coolant Pump And Fuel Failures, Fabiano Gibson Daud Thulu, Hailemichael Guadie Mengsitu, Chifundo Tenthani, Paul Stone Macheso

International Journal of Nuclear Security

This study focused on the best-estimated thermal-hydraulic calculations performed regarding the AP-1000 nuclear power plant (NPP) under primary coolant loop pump and fuel failures. Primary coolant pump and fuel failure transients are important design-basis accidents in NPP safety assessments. This work examined the primary reactor’s safety margins of fuel and cladding peak temperature, primary and secondary loop pressure, hydrogen formation, and primary and secondary flow rates.The Adaptive System Thermal-Hydraulics program was used in the simulation and event progression analysis. The results showed that the peak fuel surface temperature was kept below the licensing design limit. No observation of corium was …

Modeling And Analysis Of Neutron Flux Of A Vver 1200 Reactor Core Using Monte Carlo Code Openmc, K. M. Rakib Al Hasan, Dr. Debashis Datta, Altab Hossain

International Journal of Nuclear Security

Nuclear reactors and their associated facilities are complex systems that require accurate modeling and analysis to ensure safety, security, and efficient operation. This study aims to model and analyze the neutron flux of a generic VVER 1200 reactor core using the Monte Carlo code OpenMC. For the purpose of this analysis, a generic model of the VVER 1200 reactor core was developed using an OpenMC simulation environment. Furthermore, using this model, the neutron flux spectrum inside the reactor core was evaluated, from which neutron fluence was calculated accordingly. This study analyzed the effect of neutron flux on the developed model …

Threat Modeling Based On A Design Basis Threat For Nuclear Security, Abu Zafor Mohammad Salahuddin, Altab Hossain, Mohammad Shawkat Akbar

International Journal of Nuclear Security

Identification of the design basis threat (DBT) of a nuclear facility is an important factor of overall safety, for which the operator is mainly responsible per the guidelines of the International Atomic Energy Agency. As threat levels increase especially threats beyond the DBT-the responsibility of the state also increases. In recent years, only a few studies on nuclear security and DBTs have comprehensively detailed the full spectrum of nuclear facilities in a nation. Thus, this paper presents the correlation between an actual threat and the DBT. The objectives of the study are to assist in establishing physical protection system (PPS) …

Multilayer Shielding Design And Analysis Of Optimal Thickness For The Storage Of Highly Radioactive Sources Concerning Environmental Safety, Md. Mahfuzul Haque Rafi, Asma Ul Husna, Abdus Sattar Mollah

International Journal of Nuclear Security

As a kind of radiological protection, multilayer shielding is superior to a single-layer shield in terms of blocking off radiation. This study examined a multilayer shielding strategy to protect employees from potentially harmful gamma radiation from highly radioactive sources such as ⁶⁰Co. This paper presents a novel strategy for cost-effective and environmentally safe radiation protection by aligning expensive and heavy materials such as W and Pb to improve their effectiveness and limit exposure below the occupational dose. The largely unpublished set of final exposure rates for the W–Pb–Fe combination was calculated by the numerical interpolation method in MATLAB software. …

Safety And Security Analysis Of Vver-1200 Reactor Pressure Vessel Under Pressurized Thermal Shock, Mohammed Sarim Salman Karim, Dr. Debashis Datta, Altab Hossain

International Journal of Nuclear Security

The reactor pressure vessel (RPV) is an important component of a nuclear power plant and of great concern to safety and security globally. Thus, the thermal system of an RPV should be ensured properly through an evaluation system that closely monitors and considers its integrity. This article describes the thermomechanical analyses for a pressurized thermal shock (PTS) scenario of a VVER-1200 RPV owing to a loss of coolant accident (LOCA) and activation of the emergency core cooling system (ECCS). The LOCA transient and activation of ECCS are modeled using ANSYS simulation software. From the analyses of the emergency core cooling …

Design And Development Of A Radiation Survey And Rescue Robot With Shielding Of Electronic Equipment From Radiation Damage With Image Radiation Mapping Facility, Md. Sifatul Muktadir, Md. Nazmul Hassan, Md. Saimon Siddique, Dewan Nazmun Nur, Altab Hossain, Ahnaf Tahmid Chowdhury

International Journal of Nuclear Security

The use of remote-controlled robots in emergency fields is a necessary requirement at present, which includes the nuclear engineering field because the radioactive environment creates adverse effects on human health. This work describes the development of a remotely controlled rover capable of detecting ionizing radiation, isolating radiation sources using a robotic arm, and sufficient shielding for its internal components. A custom-made Geiger–Muller counter has been used to detect ionizing radiation. The radioactive environment is not only harmful for humans but also can cause severe damage to the electronic circuit mounted on the robot. Therefore, a custom concrete material sandwiched between …

A Review And Analysis Of Nuclear Hydrogen Production In Generation Iv Reactors, Arijit Saha Ayon, Ashiqur Rahman Alif, A. S. M. Nasim

International Journal of Nuclear Security

Hydrogen is becoming increasingly vital as a chemical element in the progress of human civilization. Hydrogen finds application in the creation of ammonia, the manufacturing of nitrogen-based fertilizers, and a wide range of organic compounds, including methanol and propulsion fuel for space exploration missions. Additionally, there are ongoing experiments in the automotive industry to harness hydrogen-based fuel cells as an alternative power source. In modern technology, multiple methods and strategies for hydrogen production originate from diverse sources, such as fossil fuels, renewable energy, nuclear energy, and more. Generation IV nuclear reactors significantly affect the production of hydrogen. These reactors operate …

Magdm Model Using Single-Valued Neutrosophic Credibility Matrix Energy And Its Decision-Making Application, Jun Ye, Rui Yong, Wanlu Du

Neutrosophic Systems with Applications

This paper aims to develop a MAGDM model using single-valued neutrosophic credibility matrix (SVNCM) energy in a SVNCM scenario. To do it, first, SVNCM energy and its score function are presented as a conceptual extension of existing single-valued neutrosophic matrix (SVNM) energy. Then, a MAGDM model is developed in terms of SVNCM energy and its score function in a SVNCM scenario and also its decision algorithm is provided to solve MAGDM problems with SVNCMs. Finally, the developed MAGDM model is applied in the school site selection problem as an actual example, then the comparative investigation of the decision results in …

Building Services Engineering May/June 2024

Building Services Engineering

No abstract provided.

Renewable Energy Misinformation: A Literature Based Approach To Rebutting False Claims, Matthew Ard

McNair Research Journal SJSU

No abstract provided.

Algorithms For Structural Synthesis Of Control Systems For Dynamic Objects Under Conditions Of Unmeasurable Disturbances, Husan Zakirovich Igamberdiev, Uktam Farkhodovich Mamirov, Bunyod Mamurjon Ugli Buronov

Chemical Technology, Control and Management

The paper talks about ways to use inverse dynamic models to structure a control system for moving objects when disturbances are not measured. To solve the main problems that arise when implementing the inverse dynamic model method, methods for synthesizing inverse systems with given dynamic characteristics are used. The solution to this problem is obtained based on the theory that dynamic observers are invariant to unmeasured input influences. We broke down the matrix operator on the right into elementary orthogonal rotation matrices and on the left into permutation matrices to get a stable answer to the equation of the current …

Features Of Magnetoelastic Converters Of Mechanical Quantities Of Transformer Type, Sulton Amirov, Kamila Jurayeva

Chemical Technology, Control and Management

The article discusses the features of a magnetoelastic transformer type transducer. In magnetoelastic transformer-type transducers, mutual inductance is assumed as a variable value, which is a function of the value of the applied mechanical force. Hence, the transformation coefficients of such converters are also variable. There are also choke type converters in which a change in the magnetic permeability of the magnetic circuit leads to a change in the total electrical resistance of the choke. For further research, transformer-type converters were selected, which make it possible to widely implement techniques for improving basic characteristics.

Modernization Of Water Flow Measurement In Open Irrigation Systems Using The Slope-Area Method, R.M. Aliev, Djalilov Anvar

Chemical Technology, Control and Management

This article describes two methods for determining water flow in open irrigation systems: “speed - area” and “slope - area”. The authors considered the problem of its modernization using the existing method for determining water flow “slope - area” in open irrigation systems. The essence of the issue is the remote transfer of parameters necessary for calculating water flow in open irrigation systems and improving the means of their processing. In scientific studies conducted by the authors, the required hydraulic parameters were studied using the “slope - area” and “speed - area” water flow methods. Based on experimentally obtained data, …